EP0301315A2 - Hot-water tank - Google Patents

Abstract

A hot-water tank or boiler is described, with an insertion opening on the underside for an internally arranged heating element and with connections for cold water supply and hot water outlet, the hot-water tank consisting of a cylindrical container in the manner of a small tank or of at least two compression-proof cylindrical containers, arranged next to one another in the vertical direction, in the manner of a flat tank, which are interconnected via upper and lower pipe connections. In such hot-water tanks, there is the problem of achieving a better degree of efficiency and greater operational reliability and of being able to manufacture the hot-water tank inexpensively in a constructionally simple manner, the intention being moreover to produce in particular flat tanks which can be extended as required in a simple manner as far as the container content is concerned. To this end it is envisaged that the cylindrical containers consist, in the manner of a modular system which can be extended as required, of assemblable single parts made of plastic with subsequent adhesive bonding, in which connection, in the manner of a small tank, either dome-shaped cover pieces are themselves assembled or dome-shaped cover pieces are attached, overlapping, to a tubular central piece, an insertion opening, which narrows conically outwards, for the heating element being designed in each case on a lower cover piece, or, for two-pipe or three-pipe compression-proof flat tanks or hanging tanks, cylindrical containers are arranged next to one another with pipe connections of the adjacent containers in each case at the vertex of the cover pieces in highest and lowest position. As a result, single-pipe compression-proof hot-water tanks or multi-pipe compression-proof flat tanks or hanging tanks are produced in a constructionally simple manner, which, as far as the container content is concerned, can be extended as required by different assembly or arrangement next to one another, and which in association with the construction make possible the circulation of the water particularly satisfactorily, as a result of which greater operational reliability and a better degree of efficiency are achieved overall. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a hot water tank or boiler with a plurality of cylindrical containers according to the preamble of claim 1 or with a single cylindrical container according to the preamble of claims 6 or 7.

Such hot water storage tanks or boilers are used in order to enable advantageous heat storage in a vertical arrangement and to take up as little space as possible, in particular in the case of a plurality of cylindrical containers in the manner of a flat construction.

A hot water tank or boiler of the type mentioned is already known from the property right application A 8167/73 of the Tirolia works in Austria.

There, however, the cylindrical containers are made of metal with connecting pieces projecting laterally from the tubular area of the cylindrical containers. The cylindrical containers are welded to one another via the connecting pieces, so that a flat water heater is provided with at least two cylindrical containers arranged next to one another.

In this known arrangement, it is disadvantageous that the cylindrical containers with the cover pieces are difficult to manufacture and in particular have to be welded together with great effort.

In addition, in this known hot water storage tank, the circulation content of the storage tank is insufficient. The respective connection pieces are in the known hot water tank in the area of cylindrical container arranged so that only a partial volume of the cover pieces is captured by the flow and so far there is an unused volume in the container. When the hot water storage tank is heated up, there is thus inadequate circulation of the water inside the cylindrical container in the manner of balancing cold and hot water, which can result in considerable thermal stresses.

In the known hot water tank, the assembly of the radiator with the supply lines for the cold and hot water connection to an insertion opening with a seal over flanges is complex and always associated with the risk of leaks due to the thermal stress.

The known hot water storage tanks cannot be easily expanded with regard to the tank size either, which disadvantageously necessitates large storage of different types.

The object of the present invention is therefore to develop a hot water tank of the type mentioned so that it can be manufactured in a structurally simple manner, that the size can be expanded as desired and that greater operational reliability of the hot water tank is achieved.

To solve this problem, the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided in a hot water tank with at least two cylindrical containers.

To solve the problem in a hot water tank with only a single cylindrical container, the characterizing features of claim 6 or claim 7 are provided.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that tubular and dome-shaped plastic parts are put together in the manner of a modular system and glued to one another, whereby either dome-shaped cover pieces are plugged onto a tubular middle piece or the cover pieces are inserted into one another without an additional middle piece.

According to the essence of the invention, the introduction of the radiator may also be pluggable in connection with a safety temperature limiter and with a temperature selector, namely in a cone-like narrowing outward opening, where a self-sealing takes place advantageously, in particular under pressure and heat (Clamp construction).

In the hot water tank with a plurality of cylindrical containers, according to the essence of the invention, the connecting pieces of an adjacent container are arranged at the top and bottom of the cover pieces, so that the entire volume of a container is laminarly covered by the circulation. In this arrangement according to the invention, where the heated water rising to the apex of a cover piece is passed on to an adjacent container, self-circulation occurs due to the avoidance of a standing, undetectable volume, so that a high degree of efficiency is achieved and thermal stresses which lead to leaks could be avoided.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the cover pieces are dome-shaped and can be plugged onto the outside of the tubular middle piece, the cover pieces having an annular groove on the inside and, in the manner of an overlap, the middle piece at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface on the end face spread.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the line connections are designed in the manner of one-sided or two-sided, horizontally projecting tubular connecting pieces which are glued or welded to one another, an adjacent container engaging over the connecting pieces of the preceding container or with its connecting pieces into the connecting pieces of the previous container is inserted.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the line connection in the cover piece is at a distance from the insertion opening in order to form a lime collecting container.

The distance between the assembled cylindrical containers is advantageously designed so narrow that horizontal PU foaming is possible.

In a hot water tank or boiler with only a single cylindrical container, only dome-shaped cover pieces are inserted into one another, it is provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment that the ring grooves on the cover pieces have a diameter such that in the plug-in area the container wall is slightly larger than the other container wall Has thickness.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided in the cylindrical containers of the hot water tank that the plug-in area, in the manner of an overlap, makes up at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface.

Further advantageous embodiments of the embodiments of the hot water tank result from the subclaims.

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual patent claims, but also from the combination of the individual patent claims with one another. All information and features disclosed in the documents - including the summary -, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing several possible embodiments. Further features and advantages of the invention which are essential to the invention emerge from the drawings and their description.

• Figur 1: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach der Erfindung nach Art eines druckfesten Kleinspeichers, gebildet aus kuppelförmigen Deckelstücken ohne rohrförmiges Mittelstück,
• Figur 2: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach Figur 1 größeren Inhalts,
• Figur 3: einen druckfesten Warmwasserspeicher nach der Erfindung mit rohrförmigem Mittelstück,
• Figur 4: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach der Erfindung mit zwei aneinandergereihten zylindrischen Behältern nach Art eines zweiröhrigen druckfesten Hängespeichers,
• Figur 5: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach Figur 4 mit unterschiedlicher Steckanordnung der Anschlußstutzen,
• Figur 6: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach Figur 5 mit Blick auf die Schmalseite,
• Figur 7: einen Warmwasserspeicher nach der Erfindung mit drei aneinandergereihten, zylindrischen Behältern nach Art eines dreiröhrigen , druckfesten Hängespeichers,
• Figur 8: die Ausführung eines unteren kuppelförmigen Deckelstückes mit beidseitig angeordneten Anschlußstutzen und mit der Einbringöffnung für den Heizkörper sowie mit Anschlüssen mit Kalt- und Heißwasser,
• Figur 9: das Deckelstück nach Figur 8 im Längsschnitt,
• Figur 10: das Deckelstück nach Figur 9 im Längsschnitt in einer um 90° gedrehten Darstellung.

Show it:

• FIG. 1: a hot water tank according to the invention in the manner of a pressure-resistant small tank, formed from dome-shaped cover pieces without a tubular middle piece,
• FIG. 2: a hot water tank according to FIG. 1 with a larger content,
• FIG. 3: a pressure-resistant hot water tank according to the invention with a tubular center piece,
• FIG. 4: a hot water tank according to the invention with two cylindrical tanks lined up in the manner of a two-tube pressure-resistant hanging tank,
• FIG. 5: a hot water tank according to FIG. 4 with a different plug arrangement of the connecting pieces,
• FIG. 6: a hot water tank according to FIG. 5 with a view of the narrow side,
• 7: a hot water tank according to the invention with three lined up, cylindrical containers in the manner of a three-tube, pressure-resistant hanging tank,
• FIG. 8: the design of a lower dome-shaped cover piece with connecting pieces arranged on both sides and with the insertion opening for the radiator and with connections with cold and hot water,
• FIG. 9: the cover piece according to FIG. 8 in longitudinal section,
• Figure 10: the cover piece of Figure 9 in longitudinal section in a 90 ° rotated representation.

According to Figure 1, according to a first embodiment, a single cylindrical container 36 is provided in the manner of a pressure-resistant small memory with a content of about 10 l, consisting of two dome-shaped cover pieces 37, 38, which are inserted into one another here without a central piece 5, so that one in the plug-in area 42 Overlap 44 is present.

The cover pieces 37, 38 in the plug-in area 42 according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 have a ring extension, formed from ring grooves 40, 41, the ring grooves 40, 41 having a diameter such that in the plug-in area 42 the container wall is somewhat opposite the other container wall has greater thickness 43.

According to FIG. 1, the cover piece 38 has an insertion opening 22 which is elliptical and with a cone-like shape facing outwards narrowing opening is common to all further cover pieces 12, 13 and 32 of the further embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 7.

In this case, the radiator, which is not shown here in any more detail, is also merely inserted into the insertion opening 22 with a cover which is likewise of a conical shape and, in addition - like all covers and tubular centerpieces - is glued according to FIGS. 1 to 10.

As a result, the radiator itself is arranged in a sealing manner in a simple manner, the insertion or apex opening 22 for the introduction of the radiator, the safety temperature limiter and the temperature selector being of elliptical design with a larger opening on the inside, so that a cone-like sealing seat is produced (clamp construction).

The heater, safety temperature limiter and temperature selector are pressed or glued into a deep-drawn metal cover or plastic cover, the outer dimension of which corresponds to the insertion opening 22, i.e. the larger ellipse is inside and the smaller ellipse is outside.

To insert the cover, it is rotated through 90 °, inclined laterally and inserted into the insertion opening 22, rotated back through 90 ° and pressed down.

Due to the overpressure in the interior of the containers 1, 4, 4a, 35, 36, 36a according to FIGS. 1 to 7, the lid is pressed against the elliptical insertion opening 22 which tapers outwards, so that the tightness is permanent and maintenance-free. Another advantage is the ease of assembly and disassembly, ie ease of service.

For the purpose of securing the transport, the radiator is only fixed to the outside using a grub screw, counterpart and wing nut.

According to FIG. 2, a cylindrical container 36a is provided, which has a larger volume with the tubular design 39 of the cover piece 37, the cover pieces 37, 38 being able to be combined with different lengths of the tubular design 39, in order to add small storage tanks of different volumes in this way receive.

This results in a structurally simple type of pressure-resistant small storage or flat storage, which due to the extensive overlap 44 according to FIGS. 1 to 7 are designed to be particularly pressure-resistant, because when printing from the inside of the containers 1 to 4a, 35, 36, 36a, the respective ones Overlaps 44 in connection with the respective overlapping cover piece are only pressed together all the more firmly.

The far-reaching overlap 44 ensures a particularly good connection of the cover pieces to one another or the cover pieces to the tubular middle piece, in particular also because of the homogeneous design of the overlap 44, since no heat zones can form there, which would otherwise occur in the case of metallic connections in the manner of welding known heat storage could lead to leaks.

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the cover pieces 37, 38 have a ring shoulder, in the area of which the cover pieces are glued together. Here, the diameter of the annular grooves 40, 41 is advantageously chosen so that a total thickness 43 of the container wall is formed in the plug-in area 42, which is slightly above the thickness of the container wall outside the Mating area 42 lies. This creates a homogeneous areal connection of the cover pieces 37, 38, which, in the manner of a self-seal, ensures increased operational reliability even at high pressure and heat.

The overlap 44 is common to all the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 7, at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface being covered by the plug-in area. As a result, any thermal stresses are particularly well balanced or temperature increases are distributed particularly advantageously evenly over the container walls.

According to FIG. 3, in a further embodiment, a cylindrical container 35 is shown in the manner of a pressure-resistant small storage device with a tubular middle piece.

Here, the cover pieces 31, 32 completely overlap the tubular middle piece in the overlap 44 and advantageously lie at least partially on the respective end face of the middle piece 5 with the attachment of the ring grooves 33, 34.

The annular grooves 33, 34 in the cover pieces 31, 32 are of the same design, and the container contents can be enlarged or reduced in a simple manner by pulling the cover pieces 31, 32 apart on the tubular middle piece 5. This creates containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a in a preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 7, which are connected to one another.

The hot water tanks according to the containers 35, 36, 36a according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are designed without line connections to another container. In this embodiment of the hot water tank in the manner of a single container, the hot or cold water connections are approximately as in the embodiment according to FIG. 8, without the connecting pieces 25, 27 there.

All embodiments of the hot water tank according to FIGS. 1 to 7 have in common that the connections 55, 56 for cold and hot water are molded onto the lower cover piece 12, 13, 32, 38 with the introduction or apex opening 22. The hot water spout is extended upwards by a plastic pipe to be plugged onto the injection molding attachment, which is not shown here. The cold water inflow is also made of plastic on the inside and is equipped so that as little flow as possible is created in the storage tank. The construction described has the advantage that the bushings cannot become leaky and the water connections do not have to be disconnected in the event of a radiator replacement.

In addition, there is the hostility to limescale of the plastic, which prevents the cold water inlet from overgrowing. Another positive is that a cold bridge to the cold or hot water pipe system is largely prevented.

In a preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, cylindrical containers 1, 2, 3, 4 are provided, which are combined to form flat stores via line connections 14, 15 according to FIG. 4 and line connections 16, 17 according to FIG. 5 and thus form two-tube, pressure-resistant hanging stores.

According to Figure 4, the connecting piece 25 of the cylindrical container 1 is surrounded by the connecting piece 26 of the adjacent container 2 from the outside, while according to Figure 5, the connecting piece 27 of the cylindrical container 4 is penetrated by the connecting piece 8 of the adjacent container 3 from the inside.

In this way, according to FIGS. 4 and 5, a hanging storage is created, where only a further cylindrical container 2 or 3 is attached to the cylindrical containers 1 or 4 in order to achieve an increase in volume in this way.

In this case, connecting pieces 25, 26, 27, 28 are provided on the upper cover pieces 6, 7, 8, namely at the apex 20, 21 of the container, i.e. at the top and bottom, in order to avoid an unused volume with the formation of air pockets in the lid.

This results in a particularly good circulation. While the top and bottom pipe connections between the tanks are located at the end of the cylindrical middle piece in the flat tanks on the market, the pipe connections 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 of two adjacent tanks are in the hot water tank according to the invention according to FIGS the dome-shaped cover pieces 6 to 11 attached to the top and bottom of each container.

This leads to an improvement in the usable memory content, both compared to the flat memories on the market and generally compared to the circular memories.

In order to keep the temperature at the terminals of the radiators within limits, the lower end of the tubular radiators is generally not heated. Since cold water has a higher specific weight than warm water, water that is below the hot section of the radiator is hardly heated. Not so with the hot water tank according to the invention according to FIGS. 4 to 7. Here, the water does not circulate in a tube - as in the conventional circular tank - but between the cylindrical tubes, which leads to the fact that the entire Water content continuously flows past the radiator during heating.

This advantage does not exist in the known flat storage tanks, since the lower line connection is attached in the cylindrical center piece and therefore - as with the round storage tank - there is an unused volume.

The cover pieces 6, 7, 8 and 10, 11, 12 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, like the cover pieces 9, 13 according to FIG. 7, have an annular shoulder with an annular groove 23, an annular surface being created which is advantageous the tubular center piece 5 overlaps at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface, in the manner of an overlap 44.

This creates a particularly homogeneous, heat-proof connection that evenly transfers the temperatures that occur without heat build-up to the other parts of the container.

With the distance 30 between the containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a according to FIGS. 4 to 7, in particular in connection with PU foaming, it is achieved that rising temperatures of one container cannot have an uncontrollable influence on the other container. Otherwise, a particularly favorable circulation within the container is achieved through the design of the container according to the invention, as a result of which thermal stresses are largely avoided from the outset.

According to FIG. 7, a further preferred embodiment is provided, where three cylindrical containers 2, 3, 4 a are combined to form a hot water tank in the manner of a three-tube, pressure-resistant hanging tank. The same reference numerals apply here for the same parts as in the previous FIGS. 1 to 6.

In contrast to the previous embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 6, in the embodiment according to FIG. 7, an upper and lower cover piece 9, 13 is provided, which has connecting pieces 25, 27 on both sides, in order to widen adjacent container 2, 3 with connecting pieces to expand the container volume To be set at 26.28.

The adjacent containers 2, 3 either overlap the connecting piece 25 on one side or pass through the connecting piece 27 of the container 4a on the other side, in order to thereby ensure a clear assignment of the containers during assembly.

According to FIGS. 4 to 7, a certain distance 30 is formed during assembly between the cylindrical containers in order to fill this space with a lying PU foam.

As a result, the foaming roving can be reduced in time and the foam surface becomes more uniform due to the low rise height (fewer voids on the surface). Depending on the length of the reservoir, the foam is introduced at several injection points.

The embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 7 have in common that, starting from the introduction opening 22 of the containers 1, 4 and 4a, the respective connecting piece 25, 27 is at a certain distance 29 from the introduction opening 22, so that advantageously a lime collecting container 57 above the introduction opening 22 arises.

Due to the high temperature, lime deposits on the heating element, which flakes off from time to time and accumulates on the bottom of the container. No limescale builds up on the container itself due to the plastic's hostility to deposits.

So that the lime accumulating on the container bottom does not hinder the circulation between the containers, the lower cover piece 12, 13 according to FIGS. 4 to 7 is extended with the apex or insertion opening 22 downward, so that it fulfills the function of a lime collecting container 57.

If the lower cover piece 12 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is formed with the insertion opening 22 for the radiator with a connection piece 25 or 27 projecting on one side, the lower cover piece 13 according to the embodiment according to FIG. 7 has for a double-sided connection of further containers 2 and 3 double-sided connecting piece 25,27, which advantageously face each other, but can also be arranged at an angle to each other.

According to FIG. 9, the connecting piece 27 has a recess or annular groove 58 in order to advantageously overlap an adjacent connecting piece.

According to FIG. 9, the insertion opening, which is common in all the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 7, has an enlarged diameter 59 on the inside in an advantageously elliptical configuration, which merges into a smaller diameter 60 towards the outside of the cover piece 13, so that advantageously results in a conical seat in the area of the insertion opening 22, as a result of which a cover inserted from the inside is held securely with the radiator (clamping structure), in particular also without additional gluing.

According to FIG. 10, the line connection 19 is shown with a view from the inside of the cover piece 13, which is injection molded from the outside in a simple manner during plastics processing and possibly additionally processed.

The hot water tanks of the present embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 7 advantageously form a modular system with relatively few individual parts, with which a large number of container volumes are created in the manner of pressure-resistant small or hanging tanks with one or more cylindrical tanks.

The individual plastic parts can be put together as required and glued in a simple manner.

Due to the inventive design of the covers or center pieces in the manner of an overlap 44 in connection with the arrangement of the line connections at the respective apex 20, 21 and further through the cone-like insertion opening 22, hot water storage tanks are formed which, surprisingly, are considerably more reliable and simple in spite of their simple structural design Efficiency than comparatively conventional metallic hot water storage tanks, which are assembled using welding technology.

Claims (11)

1.Hot water tank or boiler with an insertion opening on the underside for a radiator arranged on the inside and with connections for cold water inlet and hot water outlet, the hot water tank consisting of at least two pressure-resistant cylindrical tanks arranged side by side in the vertical direction, which are connected to one another via upper and lower pipe connections, characterized in that the cylindrical containers (1, 2, 3, 4, 4a) consist of plastic parts which can be plugged together with subsequent gluing, in the manner of a modular system which can be expanded as desired, a tubular middle piece (5) being provided with overlapping at the bottom and cover pieces (6 to 13) which can be plugged on at the top, with line connections (14 to 19) to the adjacent container at the apex (20, 21) of the cover pieces and with an insertion opening (22) narrowing outward in the manner of a cone for the radiator on a lower cover piece (12, 13 ). 2. Hot water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover pieces (6 to 13) are dome-shaped and can be plugged onto the outside of the tubular middle piece (5), the cover pieces (6 to 13) having an annular groove (23) on the inside and in the manner of an overlap (44), overlap the end face of the middle piece (5) at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface. 3. Hot water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the line connections (14 to 19) are designed in the manner of one- or two-sided horizontally projecting tubular connecting pieces (25 to 28) which are glued to one another, with an adjacent container connecting pieces of the previous one Container overlaps or can be inserted with its connecting piece into the connecting piece of the previous container. 4. Hot water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the line connection (25,27) in the cover piece (12,13) to the insertion opening (22) has a distance (29) to form a lime collecting container (57). 5. Hot water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the cylindrical containers (1,2,3,4,4a) is designed so narrow that horizontal PU foaming is possible. 6.Hot water tank or boiler with an insertion opening on the underside for a radiator arranged on the inside and with connections for cold water inlet and hot water outlet, the hot water tank consisting of a single pressure-resistant cylindrical container arranged in the vertical direction, characterized in that the cylindrical container (35) after Type of a modular system that can be expanded as desired, consists of pluggable individual parts made of plastic that are glued to one another, a tubular middle piece (5) with externally attachable dome-shaped cover pieces (31, 32) being provided, with ring grooves (33, 34) on the inside and with a cone-like outwardly narrowing insertion opening (22) for the radiator on the lower cover piece (32). 7.Hot water tank or boiler with an insertion opening on the underside for an internally arranged radiator and with connections for cold water inlet and hot water outlet, the hot water tank consisting of a single pressure-resistant cylindrical container arranged in the vertical direction, characterized in that the cylindrical container (36,36a ) consists of plastic parts that can be plugged together in the manner of any modular system that can be expanded are glued to one another, two dome-shaped cover pieces (37, 38) with a tubular design (39) depending on the contents of the container being provided, each with annular grooves (40, 41) arranged on the inside and with a cone-shaped outward opening for the radiator on lower cover piece (38). 8. Hot water tank according to claim 7, characterized in that the annular grooves (40, 41) have a diameter such that in the plug-in area (42) the container wall has a somewhat greater thickness (43) than the other container wall. 9. Hot water tank according to claims 1,6 and 7, characterized in that the plug-in area in the manner of an overlap (44) makes up at least 1/3 of the diameter on the adhesive surface. 10. Hot water tank according to claims 1,6 and 7, characterized in that the insertion opening (22) for the radiator is elliptical (clamp construction). 11. Hot water tank according to claims 1,6 and 7, characterized in that the pluggable individual parts consist of post-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVCC).

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