EP0299386B1 - Vorgefertigtes ununterbrochenes Strassenmarkierungsband mit optischer und elektromagnetischer Funktion - Google Patents

Vorgefertigtes ununterbrochenes Strassenmarkierungsband mit optischer und elektromagnetischer Funktion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0299386B1
EP0299386B1 EP19880110959 EP88110959A EP0299386B1 EP 0299386 B1 EP0299386 B1 EP 0299386B1 EP 19880110959 EP19880110959 EP 19880110959 EP 88110959 A EP88110959 A EP 88110959A EP 0299386 B1 EP0299386 B1 EP 0299386B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tape
layer
road
electromagnetic
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880110959
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0299386A2 (de
EP0299386A3 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Dr. Eigenmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0299386A2 publication Critical patent/EP0299386A2/de
Publication of EP0299386A3 publication Critical patent/EP0299386A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0299386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0299386B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096716—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information does not generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096725—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information generates an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/096758—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where no selection takes place on the transmitted or the received information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096783—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a roadside individual element

Definitions

  • the present invention achieves a further important improvement in the field of the continuous horizontal road-marking tape technology .
  • the denomination 'Road marking tape' is today rather vague, because the information supplied by the tape includes not only information by optical radiation but also information communicated by electromagnetic radiation which has to be suitably transformed.
  • Horizontal road signaletics in the form of prefabricated tapes to be laid on the road surface to be marked, for the purpose of defining such markings as traffic lane separating lines, direction indicators, and even alphanumerical information (letters, numbers) all in the form of flat tape-like marking material horizontally laid on the road surface are well-known in the art.
  • the primary marking or signalling function or effect is an opto-visual function, basically conveyed by the colour of the tape surface (normally white or yellow) which sufficiently differs from the ambient colour of the road surface (typically asphalt-grey); additionally to this base visual function by colour and ambient stray-light impinging on the tape and partially scattered towards the vehicle driver, this opto-visual effect may be enhanced by additional opto-visual means such as reflective elements provided on the tape surface which may be in the form of uniformally distributed irregular reflective substances or by individually arranged compact means in the form of retroreflective elements; these particularly provide for enhanced visibility of the road marking both under normal day-light, but particularly under conditions of reduced visibility (such as under bad weather conditions) and partticularly during night-time, the retroreflective elements directionally reflecting part of the light from the vehicles own head-lights back to the vehicle and the driver.
  • additional opto-visual means such as reflective elements provided on the tape surface which may be in the form of uniformally distributed irregular reflective substances or by individually arranged compact means in the form of retroreflect
  • a continuous prefabricated multi-layer road-marking tape for installation on the road surface comprises an upper portion having protrusions including, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the upper portion further comprising optically retroreflecting components, a lower portion comprising at least one layer including electromagnetic radiation reflector means, said lower portion further comprising electromagnetic interference shielding means as a protection against electromagnetic perturbations from the road bottom, said tape further comprising storage batteries, tape-based electromagnetic transmitter and antenna means of low-energy consumption, exploiting only electrical energy provided by said tape-based solar cells and storage batteries, and electrical circuitry operably connecting said solar cells, storage batteries, light-emitting diodes and transmitter and antenna means.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • the tape substantially is a two-part structure, with an upper portion comprising optically operative (passive and active) elements, such as retroreflective units and LEDs, and a lower portion housing (passive) electromagnetic reflector and antenna means; additionally solar cells are provided in the upper portion of the tape structure, for collecting light energy impinging on the tape and converting it to electrical energy, storage batteries are provided in the tape for storing such electrical energy and active electromagnetic transmitter means and associated antenna means are provided in the tape, together with electrical circuitry interconnecting the LEDs, solar cells, storage batteries, transmitter units and antenna means.
  • optically operative elements such as retroreflective units and LEDs
  • passive electromagnetic reflector and antenna means additionally solar cells are provided in the upper portion of the tape structure, for collecting light energy impinging on the tape and converting it to electrical energy, storage batteries are provided in the tape for storing such electrical energy and active electromagnetic transmitter means and associated antenna means are provided in the tape, together with electrical circuitry interconnecting the LEDs, solar cells, storage batteries, transmitter units and antenna means.
  • the combined information capabilities of the horizontal road-marking tape structures are greatly enhanced while at the same time retaining the entirely self-sufficient nature of the road marking tape.
  • the inclusion of active optical units such as LEDs potently adds to the visual information that can be provided by the tape.
  • active electromagnetic transmitters and associated antenna
  • the inclusion, within the tape, of active electromagnetic transmitters (and associated antenna) remarkably adds to the overall information capability of this road marking tape system, in cooperation with receiving and decoding electromagnetic apparatus aboard the vehicles, additionally to the information capability as known from the above mentioned UK 2 050 769 publication.
  • DE 3 509 965 A1 is concerned not with the field of road-marking but with a system of automatically switching the normal radio-receivers aboard car vehicles to the operating frequency of the respective area radio stations, as the vehicle passes from the operative area of one station to the operative area of the adjacent next station.
  • the reference discloses the provision on the road of passive means such as bar codes extending across the entire road width, to be scanned by respective active sensors installed aboard the vehicles and operative to effect the required switching function (change of frequency of the radio receiver in the vehicle).
  • active signal emitting means may be installed along the road which when passed by by the vehicles will effect the desired switching functions via respective receiving apparatus aboard the vehicles.
  • Those active means would be applied at respective traffic signs on the road side, i.e. associated with vertical traffic signs alongside the road.
  • DE 3 307 123 A1 is concerned not with road marking but with a system for providing information to the vehicle driver as to the geographic position, by means of passive components such as bar codes, on the road surface which are being scanned by detecting devices aboard the vehicles.
  • the bar code (translated into respective electrical signals aboard the vehicle) will translate into the respective north/south and east/west coordinates of the vehicle.
  • the tape in accordance with the present invention includes retroreflective elements, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, storage batteries, and the tape is supposed to be in a position where it will exploit only that solar energy which is incident on the tape.
  • the tape of the present invention will be provided with the means for fully exploiting the potential contribution by the use of electromagnetic energy, as transmitted by the respective means in the lower layers of the tape.
  • the upper layer 2 is a wear resistant film made of polyurethane resin, which has since many years achieved the best results.
  • Upper layer 2 is pigmented in order to ensure the best visibility by day; retroreflecting components 14 are applied upon it, and at 16 there is represented one of a plurality of transparent protrusions in which there may be placed light emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, storage batteries and the like.
  • LEDs light emitting diodes
  • the following intermediate layer 4 consists of a non-woven fabric, strongly impregnated with a polyurethane prepolymer which provides the mechanical properties of the tape.
  • the third layer 6 includes antennae and reflectors 18 which are dipped in adhesive, schematically shown in fig. 1, and which will be described in detail later-on (fig. 2).
  • the fourth layer 8 comprises the circuits connecting the electric and the electromagnetic components, said circuits are embodied by conductive stripes (20) dipped in adhesive.
  • the fifth layer 10 is the EMI (electromagnetic interference) shielding layer which has the function of protecting the electromagnetic elements from disturbing interferences which might originate from the ground beneath.
  • Layer 10 may consist of a dispersion of conductive particles, or of a metallization, schematically shown at 22 in a suitable carrier medium. Good results have been obtained by using high percentage nickel dispersions in an acrilic prepolymer, such as the nickel dispersions manufactured by the firm Metalgalvano Sozzi of Rovello Porro (Italy) or the acrilic coating 3M110 manufactured by Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co.
  • the sixth layer 12 consists of a strong extensible web, strongly impregnated by an adhesive which has a good adhesion to the road surface, but at the same time allows removal of the tape without damaging it, said layer being illustrated in plan view at 24.
  • gigahertz reflector 18 in layer 6 which reflects electromagnetic energy emitted by the vehicle, is located on the lower layers of the tape and is fundamental for monitoring and controlling the speed of the vehicle.
  • Gigahertz reflector in layer 6 is embodied by a multiplicity of conductive stripes 26 dipped in adhesive, illustrated in Fig. 2; those stripes 26 are positioned at an angular direction - usually 15° - relative to the direction of vehicle traffic. This angular feature assures good reception of the reflected waves at the side of the tape, within a sufficiently wide lateral lane.
  • reflector 18 consists of several groups 30,28 of equidistant metallic stripes 26, adhering to the tape, for example metal foils of 1 mm width, each group being marked by a different distance between the stripes: e.g., in fig. 2 there are shown two groups, 28 and 30, wherein the metal foils or stripes are spaced apart by different distances.
  • Gigahertz reflector 18,26 displays a diffuse reflection behaviour in elevation, and since the position of the vehicle on the road may vary within a certain range of several meters at right angles to the direction of the traffic, the reflection maxima should be as close as possible within the reflection diagram.
  • Fig. 4 schematically and diagrammatically shows the arrangement of the means for transmission and reception provided on the car. These operate advantageously at a frequency in the Gigahertz field, e.g. at 24 GHz.
  • Transmitter 32 on the vehicle comprises a frequency stable oscillator which is connected via a coupling device 34 to a horn antenna 33 which is arranged at an angle of 45° with respect to the road surface; the antenna 33 emits radiation towards a road-side reflector 18 which is only schematically shown; reflector 18 may be embodied by the metallic stripes 26 of reflector layer 6 shown in fig. 2.
  • the signal from mixer 38 is fed to a high-pass filter and 80 dB amplifier 40, hence to low-pass filter 42, and finally to a comparator and pulse former 44.
  • the first method is based on the pulses originating from the metal stripes 26, upon sweeping of the transmitted high-frequency waves across the tape, i.e. the waves frequency, and only is related to vehicle speed.
  • the pulses form a pulse train such that the threshold of the comparator 44 is exceeded and an indicator is activated.
  • the second method is a safer one.
  • Comparator 44 of fig. 4 includes a generator of a tuning note adapted to a selected speed; said generator provides pulses of a certain form and frequency. When the reflected waves and the pulses provided for a selected speed are overlapping, an indicator on the vehicle is activated. This described technology is very well known.
  • the control of vehicle speed in dangerous locations is very important, and one can provide a kind of a 'black box' for these dangerous locations in order to compel the vehicle drivers to reduce speed.
  • the composite road marking tape which is the object of the present invention also includes a small radio-transmitter 52 (fig. 5) which transmits messages recorded in EPROM.
  • Said transmitter 52 which has a very low consumption of energy, for example 8 mW, is fed by small storage batteries which in turn are fed by solar cells placed on the tape, as it was specified in connection with the transparent protrusions 16 of fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of warning the vehicle driver as to the presence of ice.
  • a Negative Temperature Control - NTC device 46 is used consisting of a sensor 48 and of a calibration device 50; the EPROM 51 comprises an integrator 47, a memory 49, and an amplifier 53; the transmitter 52 has a dipole-antenna 54.
  • these devices When the temperature falls below a pre-set limit, these devices transmit a recorded message.
  • FIG. 6 Another very important hazard is traffic jam.
  • fig. 6 there is shown how a traffic jam may be signaled, utilizing the capabilities of road marking tapes of the present invention, and how indicators may be activated in order to discharge the traffic jam.
  • Tape 56 is a conventional marking tape, and tape 62 is an emergency tape.
  • tape 56 there are shown transparent protrusions 60, in which LEDs, solar cells, storage batteries are housed similarly as within those transparent protrusions 16 of fig. 1.
  • compressible portions 61 in which a microswitch is placed.
  • compressible tape see applicant's European Patent No. 0 100 524 and US Patent No. 4 685 824.
  • a vehicle driver who takes the initiative, or a traffic policeman activates the micro-switch by placing his car on the compressible portion 61. This activates an alarm system like the one which has been aforedescribed for signalling the presence of ice.
  • the emergency tape 62 is activated; on said emergency tape 62 there are provided transversal pulsing lights 66 of red colour, and longitudinally aligned pulsing lights 64 of green colour.
  • Lights 64 guide the traffic towards a direction which may be opposite to the normal direction, e.g. towards an exit. The pulsing of the lights 64 may be very rapid.
  • the traffic in the opposite direction may take place on an overtaking lane or on an emergency lane, as possible in the particular situation.
  • a red light (not illustrated) will be lighted.
  • a couple or plurality of couples of sensors are placed at the beginning of the respective traffic jam portion, so that if a car enters in the forbidden direction, notwithstanding the red traffic light, its plate will be identified by a camera.
  • the traffic jam road-marking tape can also be useful for guiding traffic in the direction of the city center, or in other directions.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband zur Anbringung auf der Straßenoberfläche, umfassend
    - einen Vorsprünge (16) aufweisenden oberen Teil (2,4, Fig. 1) mit Solarzellen und licht-emittierenden Dioden (LEDs), wobei der obere Teil des weiteren optische Rückstrahlkomponenten (14) umfaßt,
    - einen wenigstens eine Schicht (6) umfassenden unteren Teil (6,8,10,12) mit elektromagnetischen Strahlungsreflektormitteln (18, Fig. 1 und 4, 26, Fig. 2), wobei der genannte untere Teil des weiteren elektromagnetische Störungs-Abschirmmittel (10,22) als Schutz gegen elektromagnetische Störungen aus der Straßensohle umfaßt,
    - wobei das genannte Band des weiteren umfaßt
    -- Akkumulatoren
    -- bandseitige elektromagnetische Sender- und Antennenmittel (52,54, Fig. 5) mit niedrigem Energieverbrauch, die nur von den genannten bandseitigen Solarzellen und Akkumulatoren gelieferte elektrische Energie verbrauchen,
    -- elektrische Schaltungen (8,20) zur funktionellen Verbindung der genannten Solarzellen, Akkumulatoren, licht-emittierenden Dioden und Sender- und Antennenmitteln.
  2. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem die genannten Reflektormittel (18) an einer unteren Schicht (6) des Bandes angebrachte Leiterstreifen (26, Fig. 2) umfassen, wobei die genannten Streifen (26) einen Gigahertz-Reflektor bilden und als eine sekundäre Quelle elektromagnetischer Wellen wirken.
  3. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach Anspruch 2, bei welchem der genannte Gigahertz-Reflektor (18) eine Mehrzahl von in einen an der genannten unteren Schicht (6) haftenden Kleber eingebetteten Leiterstreifen (26, Fig. 2) aufweist, wobei die genannten Streifen (26) unter einer Winkelrichtung (α , Fig. 2) bezüglich der Verkehrsrichtung angeordnet sind, derart daß ein wirksamer Empfang von elektromagnetischen Reflektionswellen in Querrichtung des Bandes ermöglicht wird.
  4. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die genannten Antennenmittel an einer unteren Schicht des Bandes angeordnete Leiterstreifen umfassen, wobei diese Streifen zusammen mit den genannten Sendermitteln (52) als eine primäre Quelle elektromagnetischer Wellen wirken und eine Megahertz-Antenne (54, Fig. 5) zur Informationsübertragung von dem genannten Band zu vorüberfahrenden Fahrzeugen bilden.
  5. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach Anspruch 4, bei welchem die genannte Megahertz-Antenne (54, Fig. 5) mittels Kleber an der genannten unteren Schicht des Bandes haftet, wobei das Band des weiteren einen auf dem Band angeordneten Senderübertrager (52, Fig. 5) zur Übertragung von in EPROM (51) gespeicherten Mitteilungen über die genannte Antenne (54) aufweist.
  6. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach Anspruch 5, bei welchem die in EPROM gespeicherte Mitteilung in Bezug zur Gegenwart von Eis auf der Straße steht und auf der Grundlage von durch Negativ-Temperatur-Steuermitteln (NTC) (46, Fig. 5) erzeugten Signalen übertragen wird.
  7. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das genannte Band des weiteren umfaßt:
    - einen in einem zusammendrückbaren Teil (61, Fig. 6) des genannten Bandes (56) angeordneten Mikroschalter, wobei der genannte Mikroschalter beim Zusammendrücken durch ein auf dem genannten zusammendrückbaren Teil befindliches Fahrzeug betätigt wird;
    - ein mit dem genannten Mikroschalter verbundenes EPROM zur Übertragung einer einen Verkehrsstau betreffenden Mitteilung; und
    - eine Reihe von durch den genannten Mikroschalter betätigten Richtungsleuchten (64,66, Fig. 6) zur Umlenkung des Fahrzeugverkehrs während eines Verkehrsstaus.
  8. Kontinuierliches vorgefertigtes Mehrschichten-Straßenmarkierungsband nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem der genannte obere Teil umfaßt:
    - eine verschleißbeständige obere Oberflächenschicht (2), welche die genannten Vorsprünge (16) aufweist, und
    - eine imprägnierte Nicht-Gewebe-Zwischenschicht (4),
    und wobei der genannte untere Teil umfaßt
    - einen Gigahertz-Reflektor (18), der in einem Abstand von einer durch einen auf dem Band angeordneten Megahertz-Sender (52) betätigten Megahertz-Antenne (54) angeordnet ist;
    - eine Schaltungs-Schicht (8) mit in einen Kleber eingetauchten bzw. eingebetteten leitenden Netzstreifen (20);
    - eine EMI-Abschirmschicht (10) und eine dehnbare Textilgewebeschicht (12,24), um die Entfernung des genannten Bandes von der Straßenoberfläche zu ermöglichen.
EP19880110959 1987-07-14 1988-07-08 Vorgefertigtes ununterbrochenes Strassenmarkierungsband mit optischer und elektromagnetischer Funktion Expired - Lifetime EP0299386B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH268987A CH671253A5 (de) 1987-07-14 1987-07-14
CH2689/87 1987-07-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0299386A2 EP0299386A2 (de) 1989-01-18
EP0299386A3 EP0299386A3 (en) 1989-08-02
EP0299386B1 true EP0299386B1 (de) 1994-10-26

Family

ID=4239363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880110959 Expired - Lifetime EP0299386B1 (de) 1987-07-14 1988-07-08 Vorgefertigtes ununterbrochenes Strassenmarkierungsband mit optischer und elektromagnetischer Funktion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0299386B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0792880B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1288497C (de)
CH (1) CH671253A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3851920T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5621571A (en) * 1994-02-14 1997-04-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Integrated retroreflective electronic display
JP3500024B2 (ja) * 1997-01-07 2004-02-23 三菱重工業株式会社 自動運転システムにおける車両制御方法
DE102004045585A1 (de) * 2004-09-17 2006-04-06 Vehico Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Meßwerten zur Ermittlung von fahrdynamischen Größen von Fahrzeugen
US7077600B1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2006-07-18 Whinery Christopher S Multiple sensory road marking tape
CN107784844B (zh) * 2016-08-31 2021-05-14 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 智能交通信号灯系统及其道路环境检测方法
NL2021362B1 (en) 2018-07-20 2020-01-29 Veluvine B V Road markings comprising functional components

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1112913B (it) * 1979-05-18 1986-01-20 Eigenmann Ludwig Dispositivo composito per l'esercizio positivo di segnaletica stradale,e metodo per la sua utilizzazione
CA1214147A (en) * 1982-07-27 1986-11-18 Ludwig Eigenmann Impact resistant retroreflective road markings
DE3307123A1 (de) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-06 Telefunken electronic GmbH, 6000 Frankfurt Autonomes orientierungssystem fuer landfahrzeuge
DE3509965A1 (de) * 1985-03-20 1986-09-25 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Verfahren zur einstellung von verkehrsfunk-empfaengern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3851920D1 (de) 1994-12-01
JPS6429999A (en) 1989-01-31
CH671253A5 (de) 1989-08-15
EP0299386A2 (de) 1989-01-18
DE3851920T2 (de) 1995-04-13
EP0299386A3 (en) 1989-08-02
JPH0792880B2 (ja) 1995-10-09
CA1288497C (en) 1991-09-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4925335A (en) Prefabricated continuous roadmarking tape having optical and electromagnetic function
US9558663B2 (en) Animal detecting and notification method and system
US9652984B2 (en) Travel information sensing and communication system
US5621571A (en) Integrated retroreflective electronic display
EP0504188B1 (de) Strassenfahrzeugidentifikationsanlage mit hochverstaerkender antenne
US20070223996A1 (en) Emissive road marker system
US11808847B2 (en) Road identification system using enhanced cross-section targets
ITRM20100152A1 (it) Sistema di sorveglianza adattivo modulare per mezzi strutture persone
EP0299386B1 (de) Vorgefertigtes ununterbrochenes Strassenmarkierungsband mit optischer und elektromagnetischer Funktion
CA1149491A (en) Road surface marking system and method of operation thereof
JPS6076000A (ja) コ−デイングおよびデコ−デイング手段を含め、自動車運転者へ情報を提供する装置
CN110622355B (zh) 天线
WO1995031798A1 (en) Anti-collision system for vehicles
WO2019148000A1 (en) Roadway markings with radar antenna
CA2030913C (en) Highway vehicle identification system with high gain antenna
KR100483308B1 (ko) 도로용 교통 제어 시스템 장치
JP2005092306A (ja) 路側信号灯及び路側信号灯システム
JPH03259399A (ja) 地上側の情報を移動体に伝送する伝送システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900123

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19911119

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3851920

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19941201

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88110959.9

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19960627

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19960627

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19960701

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19960717

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19960731

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19960930

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19970709

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970731

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: EIGENMANN LUDWIG

Effective date: 19970731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980201

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19970708

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980331

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980401

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88110959.9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050708