EP0298223A2 - Method for loading and unloading rotatable dies for axial die forging, and axial die-forging machine for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Abstract

In the machine, loading and unloading are always carried out while the die is being rotated by its motor drive. The die thus no longer needs to be cyclically braked and driven again. This results in shorter cycle times, lower wear of the driving units and a lower energy consumption.

Description

genus

The invention relates to a method for loading and unloading rotationally drivable dies for axial die rolling, the forging blank being conveyed up on a conveyor track and fed to the die and being removed and removed therefrom after the axial die rolling.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or one or more of the following claims, with an axial die rolling machine with a die that can be driven in a motor-rotating manner, at least one loading and unloading device each with a loading and unloading tongs for gripping, Lifting and swiveling as well as depositing the forged blank or the finished formed workpiece.

State of the art

• 1. Längere Taktzeiten
• 2. Erhöhter Verschleiß der Antriebsaggregate
• 3. Höherer Energieverbrauch.

Axial die-rolling machines with dies that can be driven by rotating motors are previously known. Previously, it was common to stop the die while loading and unloading. For subsequent cleaning, cooling and lubrication, the dies had to be turned again. This process essentially has the following disadvantages:

• 1. Longer cycle times
• 2. Increased wear on the drive units
• 3. Higher energy consumption.

task

The invention has for its object to first improve a method for loading and unloading rotatably drivable dies in axial die rolling according to the type required in claim 1 in such a way that the cycle times are shortened, the wear on the drive units is reduced and the energy consumption is reduced.

Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of providing an advantageous die-rolling machine for carrying out this method, which allows simple, robust means for the method according to the invention to be carried out economically.

Solution to the problem regarding the procedure

Starting from a method according to the type required in the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved by the features described in the characterizing part of this claim.

Some advantages

Contrary to previous methods, in the method according to the invention the forging blank is introduced into the motor-driven, that is, rotating die, so that it no longer needs to be braked to a standstill. This results in considerably shorter cycle times, less wear on the drive units and overall lower energy consumption, so that the procedure according to the invention is particularly economical.

Other embodiments

When carrying out a method according to claim 2, the loading device takes over the forging blank from a conveyor belt. If it is forged blanks with an inner bore, they are gripped on the inside. For forged blanks without a center hole, these are gripped on the outside. For example, the loading device is immersed in the forged blank for gripping. According to claim 3 , the outer diameter is checked at the same time. If the diameter is too large, the forging blank in question is removed. If the specified tolerances are correct, the forging blank is raised and swiveled until it is vertically above the lower die of the die rolling machine. Then the loading tongs are immersed in the running die. By actuating a suitable motorized drive, such as a gripping cylinder (piston-cylinder unit), the forged blank is released and falls into the rotating lower die.

Another advantageous procedure is described in Pa tent Claim 4 . Here, the forging blank is ge inside or outside during the entire loading process leads. Loading tongs can now lift and swivel. The forging blank is then formed by lowering an upper slide. When the slide is up again after the shaping process has ended, the unloading device is pivoted in. An ejector now lifts the finished forged part. According to claim 5 , the workpiece is guided inside and outside. The forged part now rotates on the ejector to a standstill and is then lifted by the unloading tongs. In this phase there is no longer any contact with the die. The forged part now in the unloading tongs (gripper) is swung out and placed on a conveyor belt and removed. Forged parts of a different shape can be removed using the same principle with external grippers.

Solution of the task regarding the axial die rolling machine

This object is achieved by the features reproduced in patent claim 6 .

Some advantages

An axial die rolling machine according to the invention has a loading and unloading tongs and consists of a few robust and therefore reliably functioning parts. The synchronously driven grippers provided for this purpose enable a central internal or external gripping of ring-shaped parts.

Another embodiment

Claim 7 describes advantageous tongs for loading rotatably drivable dies in the case of external gripping of parts, while claim 8 contains such a construction for internal gripping.

In contrast, claim 9 contains a robust and functioning with few structural parts device for unloading the forgings from the die.

An advantageous embodiment can be gathered from claim 10 . The drawing of the invention is partly schematically illustrated using several exemplary embodiments:

• Fig.1 Eine axiale Gesenkwalzmaschine mit Be- und Ent­ladevorrichtung in teilweiser Draufsicht;
• Fig. 2 Eine Beladezange mit Untergesenk, teils im Schnitt, teils in der Seitenansicht, wobei der Schmiederohling mit einer Innenbohrung oder In­nenausnehmung versehen ist;
• Fig. 3 Eine Teildraufsicht zu Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 Eine Darstellung entsprechnd Fig. 3 allerdings beim Ergreifen eines ohne Innenbohrung bzw. ohne Innenausnehmung versehenden Schmiederohlings;
• Fig. 5 Eine Teildraufsicht zu fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 Die aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche Vorrichtung, mit ei­ner Entladezange für mit eine Durchgangsöffnung versehene Werkstücke, wobei das fertiggewalzte Werkstück soeben von einem Ausstoßer angehoben worden ist, teils im Schnitt, teils in der Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 7 Eine Teildraufsicht zu Fig. 6;
• Fig. 8 Die aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche Vorrichtung mit einer Entladezange für Werkstücke ohne Innenausnehmun­gen bzw. Bohrungen, wobei das fertiggewalzte Werkstück soeben von einem Ausstoßer angehoben worden ist, teils im Schnitt, teils in der Sei­tenansicht;
• Fig. 9 Eine Teildraufsicht zu Fig. 8;
• Fig. 10 Einen Teilquerschnitt durch eine Entnahmezange;
• Fig. 11 Ein Schnitt nach der Linie XI-XI der Fig. 10.

Show it:

• Fig.1 An axial die rolling machine with loading and unloading device in partial plan view;
• 2 shows a loading tongs with a lower die, partly in section, partly in side view, the forging blank being provided with an inner bore or inner recess;
• Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of Fig. 2;
• 4 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3, however, when gripping a forging blank provided without an inner bore or without an inner recess;
• Fig. 5 is a partial top view of fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 The device shown in Fig. 1, with an unloading tongs for workpieces provided with a through hole, the finished rolled workpiece being lifted by an ejector has been, partly in section, partly in side view;
• Fig. 7 is a partial plan view of Fig. 6;
• 8 shows the device shown in FIG. 1 with unloading tongs for workpieces without internal recesses or bores, the finished rolled workpiece having just been lifted by an ejector, partly in section, partly in side view;
• Fig. 9 is a partial plan view of Fig. 8;
• 10 shows a partial cross section through a removal tongs;
• 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of FIG. 10th

In Fig. 1, the reference numeral 1 denotes a motor-driven conveyor, which can be designed as a continuous conveyor or as an intermittently driven conveyor by means of which forging blanks, not shown here, are conveyed in direction X. The one on the Conveyor 1 forged blanks are removed from the conveyor 1 by a loading device 2 and brought to an axial die-rolling machine, which is only indicated schematically in FIG. 1 and is designated by the reference number 3 as a whole. For this purpose, the loading device 2 can perform a pivoting movement on the trajectory Y. This loading device 2 is assigned a loading tongs 4, which can pick up a workpiece that is brought up on the conveyor 1, pivot it and feed it to a lower die 5. The pivot center of the loading device 2 is designated 6 (Fig.1).

Picking up, swiveling and putting down is done by motor. For this purpose, the loading tongs 4 are assigned a gripping cylinder 7 (piston-cylinder unit) which can be acted upon alternately on both sides with pressure medium pressure, in particular with hydraulic oil, the piston rod 8 of which is connected to an actuating rod 9 in a gearbox, for example by a clutch. In the illustrated embodiments, the confirmation rod 9 is connected to a suitable gear means, for example a toothed rack, as will be explained in more detail in connection with a removal tongs to be described in connection with FIG. 11. There can also be other gearboxes Find funds. This rack actuates a pinion, not shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, which meshes with at least two other pinions, so that all pinions move synchronously. With the pinions in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, three gripping eccentrics 10, 11, 12 are connected in gear, which are all driven synchronously and consequently. Via these gripping eccentrics 10, 11, 12, the loading tongs 4 are immersed in the forging blank 13 through an inner bore or an inner recess 14. Of course, the gripping cylinder 7 was previously pressurized so that the actuating rod 9 was moved in direction B, in which the gripping eccentrics 10 , 11, 12 occupy the smallest circumference to one another so that they are able to dip into the inner bore or inner recess (FIGS. 2, 3). If the gripping cylinder 7 is now acted upon by the pressure medium pressure on the opposite side, the actuating rod 9 is moved in direction A, whereupon the gripping eccentrics 10, 11 and 12 move outwards to a larger diameter and thereby non-positively against the wall of the inner bore or inner recess for contact with the system get (Fig. 2, 3), so that the forging blank 13 is removed from the conveyor belt 1, pivoted into the correct position via the loading device 2 and placed in the lower die 5, which is always driven by a motor that can. For gripping, the loading tongs 4 are thus immersed in forging blanks 13 provided with an inner bore or an inner recess, the outer diameter of the forging blank 13 being checked at the same time. If the diameter is too large, the forging blank 13 is eliminated. If the tolerances of the forging blank 13 are adhered to, the forging blank 13 is raised and pivoted by the conveyor 1 until it stands vertically above the rotating lower die 5 driven by a motor. Then the loading tongs 4 are immersed in the running lower die 5. By actuating the gripping cylinder 7, the gripping eccentrics 10, 11 and 12 are pivoted and the forging blank 13 falls into the rotating lower die 5. The forging blank 13 is guided inside and outside in all embodiments during the entire loading process. The forging blank 13 is then formed by lowering the upper slide. When the carriage has been moved up again after the shaping process has ended, an unloading device, designated overall by reference numeral 15, is pivoted in. The unloading device 15 is arranged to be pivotable about the pivot center 16. The formed forged part 13 is on the path curve Z to an intermittent or as a continuous conveyor designed conveyor 17, which also like the conveyor 1 moto risch driven, moved and placed on it. 6 and 7 for forged parts 13 provided with inner bores or inner recesses. It can be clearly seen from FIGS. 6 and 7 that the unloading device 15, like the loading device 2, has an unloading tongs 18, which is basically designed and driven like the loading tongs 4. An actuating rod 19 is also assigned to the unloading tongs 18 and is operatively connected to a piston rod 20 of a gripping cylinder 21 (piston-cylinder unit). In this embodiment too, the piston rod 20 and the actuating rod 19 can be connected in one piece in terms of function or material, just like in the loading tongs 2. The piston rod 20 and thus also the actuating rod 19 can be moved in the direction C or D by appropriate pressurization of the gripping cylinder 21. The actuating rod 19 in turn grips eccentric 22, 23 and 24 in synchronous motor fashion, which are able to engage under the finished formed workpiece 13 with eccentric levers 25, 26 and 27, respectively, when it has been lifted out of the lower die 5 by an ejector 28. Here, too, the unloading pliers 18 with their gripping eccentrics 22, 23 and 24 are immersed in the forged part 13, whereupon by applying appropriate pressure medium supply, the eccentrics 22, 23 and 24 are pivoted outwards (FIGS. 6 and 7), whereupon the unloading tongs 18 lift the completely formed ring 13 and pivot it to the conveyor 17 and can deposit it there.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the loading tongs 2 are equipped with three gripping eccentrics 30, 31 and 32, which in turn are driven by a gripping cylinder 7 with a piston rod 8 and an actuating rod 9. The drive can be equipped in the same manner as in the gripping pliers 2 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 with the difference that in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the gripping eccentrics 31, 32 and 33 on the outer circumference of the Forging blank 33 act non-positively so that it can be gripped by the conveyor 1, lifted and pivoted on the trajectory Y and placed in the motor-driven lower die 5 without braking the same. Here too, the outer diameter of the forging blank 33 is checked at the same time. If this diameter is too large, the forging blank 33 is eliminated. If the tolerances are met, the forging blank 33 is placed in the rotating lower die 5. As in the previously described embodiment, this is done by correspondingly pressurizing the Gripping cylinder 7 and moving the actuating rod 9 in the direction A or B.

The unloading device 15 (FIGS. 8 and 9) has a gripper tongs 18 which is designed and driven in the same way as the gripper tongs according to FIGS. 6 and 7 with the difference that the gripping eccentrics 34, 35 and 36 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 are driven synchronously via a toothed rack 37, which is coupled to the actuating rod 9 and this in turn is coupled to the piston rod 8 of the gripping cylinder 7. A pinion 38 meshes with the rack 37, with which two further pinions 39 and 40 mesh. The pinions 38, 39 and 40 are fastened to axes of rotation arranged parallel to one another and are each assigned to one of the gripping eccentrics 34, 35 and 36. The gripping cylinders 34, 35 and 36 have eccentric levers 41, 42 and 43 which engage under the edge 44 of the forging blank 33, so that after lifting out of the lower die 5 with the pivoting of the eccentric levers 41, 42 and 43 under the edge 44 and lifted up on the trajectory Z (Fig. 1) pivoted to the conveyor 17 and stored there.

The features described in the summary, in the description and in the patent claims and evident from the drawings can be essential for realizing the invention both individually and in any combination.

Reference symbol list

1 sponsor
2 loading device
3 axial die rolling machine
4 loading tongs
5 lower die
6 center of rotation
7 gripping cylinders
8 piston rod
9 operating rod
10 gripping eccentrics
11 gripping eccentric
12 gripping eccentric
13 forging blank, workpiece
14 inner bore, inner recess
15 unloading device
16 center of rotation
17 sponsors
18 unloading tongs
19 operating rod
20 piston rod
21 gripping cylinder, piston-cylinder unit
22 gripping eccentric
23 gripping eccentric
24 gripping eccentric
25 eccentric levers
26 eccentric lever
27 eccentric lever
28 ejectors
29 -
30 gripping eccentric
31 gripping eccentric
32 gripping eccentric
33 forged blank, workpiece
34 gripping eccentric
35 gripping eccentric
36 gripping eccentric
37 rack
38 sprockets
39 sprockets
40 sprockets
41 eccentric lever
42 eccentric lever
43 eccentric lever
44 edge
A direction of movement
B Direction of movement
C direction of movement
D direction of movement
X Direction of conveyance of the conveyor belt 1
Y trajectory
Z trajectory

Claims (11)

1. A method for loading and unloading rotatably drivable dies for axial die rolling, wherein the forging blank is brought up on a conveyor track and fed to the die and is removed and removed from it after the axial die rolling, characterized in that the lower die (5) is constantly rotating in a motorized manner driven and the forging blank (13) is brought into the die (5) rotating during the loading process. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the forging blank (13) is gripped on the inside of workpieces with inner bores or inner recess and is gripped on its outer circumference in the case of workpieces which are closed on the inside and then in the constantly motor-driven driven die (5) brought. 3. The method according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that when gripping the forging blank (13) whose outer diameter is checked and workpieces not within specified tolerances are eliminated. 4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finished rolled workpiece (13) is guided inside and outside during removal from the die (5). 5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finished formed workpiece (33) is lifted after it has been formed from the constantly motor-driven lower die (5) and, after this process, on an ejector without contact with the die (15) is gradually decelerated to a standstill while rotating, without the speed of rotation of the lower die (5) being reduced. 6. Device for performing the method according to the invention according to claim 1 or one or more of the following claims, with an axial die rolling machine with a morally rotating drivable die, at least one loading and unloading device each with a loading and unloading tongs for gripping, lifting and pivoting and Placing the forged blank or the finished formed workpiece, characterized in that the loading and unloading tongs (4, 18) each have grippers (10, 11, 12 or 30, 31, 33 or 22, 23, 24 or 34, 35, 36), which grip the workpiece (13, 33) in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner and that the grippers in any position of the loading or unloading tongs (4, 18) with both during loading and also during of the unloading process with undiminished speed of rotation, the lower die (5) does not come into contact with it. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that for the internal gripping of forged blanks (13), the loading tongs (4) with several - preferably three - arranged at regular intervals on the circumference of a circle with their centering gripping eccentrics (10, 11, 12) is provided which can be driven synchronously via an actuating rod (9) due to a gripping cylinder (7) which can be acted upon alternately on both sides by pressure medium, such that the circumference is steplessly larger in one drive direction and in the other drive direction of the actuating rod (9) is infinitely adjustable and that the gripping eccentric (10, 11, 12) can be positively brought into contact with an inner wall of the forging blank (13) and can also be detached from it by a motor. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that for unloading internally grippable, fully formed workpieces (13), a discharge tongs (18) with several - preferably three - with their centers on a circle at regular intervals arranged gripping eccentrics (22, 23, 24th ) are provided, each having an eccentric lever (25, 26, 27) and that all gripping eccentrics (22, 23, 24) can be driven synchronously by a motor by means of a gripping cylinder which can be acted upon alternately on both sides with pressure medium via an actuating rod (9) and that the eccentric levers (25, 26, 27) under an annular shoulder or the like. The finished formed workpiece (13) are pivotable, the Art that in one drive direction (D) of the actuating rod (9), the diameter of the circumference, which surrounds the outer edges of the eccentric lever (25, 26, 27), is continuously increased and in the other drive direction (C) of the actuating rod (9) this radius is gradually reduced. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that for loading from outside forged blanks (33) a loading tongs (4) are provided with a plurality of non-positively to the outer circumference gripping eccentrics (31, 32, 33) are provided, the centers of which are in uniform distances are on a circle, which can be driven synchronously and steplessly by means of an actuating rod (9) by means of a gripping cylinder (9) which can be acted upon with pressure medium pressure on both sides, such that they grip the forging blank (33) in one drive direction and in the other drive direction release. 10. The device according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that a discharge tongs during unloading to be gripped from outside, finished workpieces (37) (18) are provided with several - preferably three - gripping eccentrics (34, 35, 36) arranged on a circle with their centers at a uniform distance, each of which has an eccentric lever (42, 43, 44) which is actuated via an actuating rod (9) can be pivoted by the gripping cylinder (7) under a shoulder or the like of the finished rolled workpiece (37) and can be detached from this shoulder or the like in the other position. 11. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the actuating rod (9) a rack (37) is coupled which meshes with a pinion (38) which meshes with other pinions (39 and 49), wherein each of the pinions (38, 39, 40) is assigned a gripping eccentric (34, 35, 36).

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