EP0296254B1 - Centrifuge rotor - Google Patents

Centrifuge rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296254B1
EP0296254B1 EP87108855A EP87108855A EP0296254B1 EP 0296254 B1 EP0296254 B1 EP 0296254B1 EP 87108855 A EP87108855 A EP 87108855A EP 87108855 A EP87108855 A EP 87108855A EP 0296254 B1 EP0296254 B1 EP 0296254B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
test tubes
centrifuge
spring
guide inserts
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP87108855A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0296254A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Bader
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Eppendorf SE
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Eppendorf Netheler Hinz GmbH
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Application filed by Eppendorf Netheler Hinz GmbH filed Critical Eppendorf Netheler Hinz GmbH
Priority to DE8787108855T priority Critical patent/DE3768808D1/en
Priority to EP87108855A priority patent/EP0296254B1/en
Priority to AT87108855T priority patent/ATE61742T1/en
Priority to US07/209,495 priority patent/US4832679A/en
Priority to JP63150398A priority patent/JPS6418458A/en
Publication of EP0296254A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296254A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296254B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296254B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04BCENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0407Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles
    • B04B5/0414Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles comprising test tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge rotor with a lower part and an upper part, on which openings are provided for the use of sample vessels with an edge system, a collecting channel formed by upward deformation of the edge being provided on the outside of the lower part, and sample vessels being introduced into these openings and further There is a gap running between the upper part and lower part.
  • Such a centrifuge rotor is known from US-A-4,484,906.
  • the sample vessels are inserted into openings in a central wall part of the upper part that tapers downwards and are supported on the conical wall part with outer edge flanges arranged at the openings. Its inclination is dimensioned such that when the edge flanges are in contact, the sample vessels lie against an outer wall part of the upper part that widens downwards.
  • the gutter should take up any liquid escaping from damaged vessels.
  • the gap running around is able to absorb tolerances between the upper part and lower part, but it is shielded by an angled edge-like extension of the upper part, so that a free passage of air is impaired.
  • the lower part has receptacles for the sample vessels which run downwards and outwards in the conical direction.
  • the receptacles are open at the top and laterally to the outside, so that the sample vessels can be inserted laterally from the outside and guided laterally when the rotor is open.
  • These lateral openings formed in this way can be covered by the outer part in a surface in which the outermost wall part of the vessels is located.
  • the outer part also forms a cover for the upper end of the vessels and the lower part as the upper part.
  • This version is advantageous, but if the version consists of only two parts, the vessels must be inserted and held transversely to their longitudinal axis. The upper part then only forms a hedge. The upper and lower part must be designed to match each other. This requires time-consuming and costly milling work.
  • the load on the sealingly interlocking edges of the upper and lower parts is in the order of magnitude of up to 15,000 rpm. considerably.
  • the distribution of the support of sample vessels on the lower part and the upper part leads to uncertainties.
  • centrifuge rotor which also has open side receptacles for the use of sample vessels.
  • these receptacles are open at an angle downwards in a three-part centrifuge rotor within an insert and are then closed off by a lower part into which the insert can be inserted, which is held on the outside in an upper part with a correspondingly inclined wall part.
  • This design is not only complex, but also very difficult to use, because practically the use as an intermediate part or insert with the recesses for the sample vessels must first be held in the opposite direction until the sample vessels are inserted. After that, the holder can be fixed from above by using the lower part and only then is it reversed for use in the lower part.
  • the vessel receiving part has a conical shape internally tapering edge section with receiving openings, on the edge of which outward abutment edges of the sample vessels are placed.
  • an obliquely outward-facing wall of the receiving part is then arranged and directed with respect to the receiving openings in such a way that the inserted sample vessels, which can initially hang down, lie against this wall at operating speeds with a central section.
  • the overall arrangement is then covered and held together by an attached top part.
  • a collecting trough is provided on the lower part, which is formed by shaping the edge of the lower part upwards and inwards. It is covered by the edge of the receiving part. Therefore, it is doubtful whether this gutter does its job, because a possible breathing between a lower edge web of the vessel receiving part and the gutter of the lower part can lead to the fact that in the case of defective vessels, escaping substances are sprayed out.
  • a one-piece centrifuge rotor with a cover which can be fitted is known, the lower part of which has both the openings for receiving the vessel edges and is bent inwards with its lower edge in order to form a collecting trough.
  • the vessels are only held at the openings with their upper flanged edges, so that no secure position is created. A wall installation on the outer wall of the lower part is not possible. Vascular vibrations result.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a two-part centrifuge rotor of the type mentioned above, which is easy to manufacture, easy to use and also easy to clean, but which significantly improves the holding of sample vessels in the idle state and also at maximum circulation speeds becomes. The same also applies to changing speeds, so that increased safety is ensured even when the centrifuge rotor is only in two parts.
  • Such a spring arrangement ensures an always constant alignment of the sample vessels, so that a secure mounting and a secure alignment both at a standstill and at the highest rotational speed is available.
  • the spring arrangement prevents the sample containers from rattling when the rotor is at a standstill, and the sample containers unintentionally slide out even when the sample is easily removed.
  • the segmentation exerts equally large forces on each individual vessel.
  • the effect of the spring arrangement is improved by the formation of spring lamellae and the conical angling of the outer edge.
  • the segmentation or lamination results in a position stabilized in the circumferential direction. Due to the conical bending, a flat system is created. As a result, the spring transmits its force to the vessels over a relatively large area, so that deformations and material abrasion or wear of the spring are avoided.
  • the wall of the upper part which widens conically downwards, can expand to a certain extent under the centrifugal action, which is absorbed by the gap, then even at operating speed there is a flat contact, in particular of the guide insert on the outer wall.
  • sleeve-shaped cylindrical guide inserts are introduced into the opening, which have an outwardly flanged edge as the upper abutment and are open at the bottom and which end at a distance from the lower part, into which guide inserts sample containers can be inserted.
  • the spring arrangement lies against the inside of the guide inserts.
  • Such guide inserts are used in particular at higher speeds (12000 min -1 ) in order to relieve the load on the sample vessels, which are preferably made of plastic.
  • a spring arrangement according to the design described allows the easy replacement of any soiled or damaged sleeves after the customer has dismantled the rotor.
  • the open design of the guide inserts avoids swinging air columns, so that a cover can be omitted upwards and the spring arrangement ensures a quiet guidance regardless of the filling of inserted sample vessels.
  • An embodiment is created in which a one-part segmented spring arrangement either presses loose guide inserts or inserted sample vessels outwards against the wall of the conical upper part. It is particularly advantageous if the outer edge of a spring lamella has a concave groove which receives a cylindrical guide insert. As a result, the guide inserts are held in a certain position, excluding any tolerance.
  • the spring arrangement is advantageously a flat perforated disk between the fastening flange of the hub body on the one hand and a flange-like wall section of one of the elements which comprise the upper part and the lower part , on the other hand is integrated, the integration being carried out by means of the fastening means which is provided for fixing the flange-like sections of the upper part and the lower part.
  • the integration is advantageously carried out on an edge flange of the lower part, because then there is an increased distance from the openings for the cylindrical guide inserts, but in particular also the sample vessels.
  • the centrifuge rotor has a lower part 1 and an upper part 2, in which openings 3, 4, 5 ... are provided for the use of sample vessels or guide inserts 6, 7 for them.
  • Such guide inserts or sample vessels have outward flange-like upper flanged edges 8, 9, which are located on the opening edges of the upper part invest.
  • the latter then has a wall 10 which widens conically downwards and forms an edge contact for the guide inserts or sample vessels inserted into the openings 3 to 5.
  • a hub body 11 which has a cylindrical part 12 and a lower, outwardly directed fastening flange 13.
  • a flange-like wall section 14 of the upper part 2 and a corresponding flange-like wall section 15 of the lower part 1 are arranged at the top in step-shaped recesses 16, 17 designed according to their wall thickness and are fixed by means of fastening screw arrangements 18 guided through openings.
  • fastening screw arrangements 18 guided through openings.
  • three fastening screw arrangements offset around the circumference are provided.
  • a disk-shaped spring arrangement 21 is integrated between the fastening flange 13 and the edge flange 15 of the lower part 1, which is also shown in plan view in FIG. 2.
  • This spring arrangement is a spring washer which has slots 25, 26, 27, 28 directed radially from the outside in order to form spring plates 22, 23, 24 .... distributed uniformly around the circumference.
  • a circumferential gap 35 is arranged on the outside between upper part 2 and lower part 1.
  • the gap 35 is formed downwards by the upper retracted edge 36 of the lower part 1, which is designed to form a collecting channel 37 below the cylindrical guide inserts or sample vessels.
  • the upper edge of the gap 35 is formed by the lower edge 38 of the upper part 2, namely the lower edge of the conical wall 10, on which the vessels or guide inserts abut. This edge can be bevelled to the extent that it runs essentially axially parallel to the hub body 11.
  • the lower edge of the upper part is so far below the upper edge of the lower part that by centrifuge galkraft directly accelerated parts cannot escape.
  • the hub body 11 has a downward central opening 39, into which the shaft journal of a rotor drive can be inserted.
  • the shaft journal has a threaded opening at the top, into which a threaded pin 40 of a fastening screw 41 can be screwed, which is guided and held on the outside of the hub body 11 with a head 42 so that it cannot be lost, but can be rotated and moved in height.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

A rotor for a centrifuge comprises a bottom part and a top part. The top part is formed with openings for receiving test tubes in rim engagement. The bottom part has an upwardly deformed outer rim, which constitutes a collecting trough. The test tubes are particularly indirectly inserted into the openings (3 to 5) and are biased by spring means (21), which engage the particularly indirectly inserted test tubes from the inside and urges them outwardly against a frustoconical wall (10) of the top part. For an indirect insertion of the test tubes, they may be inserted into guide inserts (6, 7) which consist of cylindrical bushings and are urged outwardly.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Zentrifugenrotor mit einem Unterteil und einem Oberteil, an welchem Öffnungen zum Einsatz von Probengefäßen mit Randanlage vorgesehen sind, wobei am Unterteil außen eine durch Randverformung nach oben gebildete Auffangrinne vorgesehen ist, und wobei in diese Öffnungen Probengefäße eingebracht sind und ferner zwischen Oberteil und Unterteil ein herumlaufender Spalt vorhanden ist.The invention relates to a centrifuge rotor with a lower part and an upper part, on which openings are provided for the use of sample vessels with an edge system, a collecting channel formed by upward deformation of the edge being provided on the outside of the lower part, and sample vessels being introduced into these openings and further There is a gap running between the upper part and lower part.

Ein solcher Zentrifugenrotor ist aus der US-A-4,484,906 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Ausführung sind die Probengefäße in Öffnungen eines mittleren sich nach unten konisch verjüngenden Wandteils des Oberteils eingesteckt und stützen sich mit an den Öffnungen angeordneten äußeren Randflanschen an dem konischen Wandteil ab. Dessen Neigung ist so bemessen, daß bei Anlage der Randflansche die Probengefäße an einem äußeren, sich nach unten erweiternden Wandteil des Oberteils anlegen. Die Auffangrinne soll evtl. bei schadhaften Gefäßen austretende Flüssigkeit aufnehmen.Such a centrifuge rotor is known from US-A-4,484,906. In this known embodiment, the sample vessels are inserted into openings in a central wall part of the upper part that tapers downwards and are supported on the conical wall part with outer edge flanges arranged at the openings. Its inclination is dimensioned such that when the edge flanges are in contact, the sample vessels lie against an outer wall part of the upper part that widens downwards. The gutter should take up any liquid escaping from damaged vessels.

Wenn die Gefäße gefüllt und belastet sind, neigen sie dazu, nach unten durchzuhängen, d. h. aus der Wandanlage herauszukommen. Wenn sich auch die Probengefäße von einer gewissen Zentrifugiergeschwindigkeit nach außen an den Gefäßaufnahmeteil anlegen, erfolgt diese Anlage aber nicht gleichmäßig, sondern in Abhängigkeit vom gefüllten Volumen, so daß zunächst Pendelungen und Rückprallbewegungen der Probengefäße entstehen können. Das führt zur Belastung der Anordnung einerseits und erfordert andererseits, daß die Probengefäße oben mit einem Deckel abgeschlossen sind, um das Herausspritzen des Inhalts zu verhindern. Auch die Anordnung eines solchen Deckels und seiner Festlegung stellt eine gewisse Problematik dar, die sich aber aus der Unruhe der Probengefäße in ihrer Halterung ergibt. Zu berücksichtigen ist dabei, daß die Auffangrinne für den Sonderfall einer Beschädigung vorhanden ist.When the vessels are filled and loaded, they tend to sag down, i.e. H. to get out of the wall system. However, if the sample vessels also attach themselves to the vessel receiving part from a certain centrifuging speed, this system does not take place uniformly, but depending on the filled volume, so that oscillations and rebounding movements of the sample vessels can initially occur. This leads to a load on the arrangement on the one hand and on the other hand requires that the sample vessels are closed at the top with a lid in order to prevent the content from splashing out. The arrangement of such a lid and its fixing also present a certain problem, which arises from the restlessness of the sample vessels in their holder. It should be taken into account that the gutter is available for the special case of damage.

Der herumlaufende Spalt vermag zwar Toleranzen zwischen Oberteil und Unterteil aufzunehmen, er ist aber durch einer abgewinkelten randartigen Ansatz des Oberteils abgeschirmt, so daß ein freier Luftdurchgang beeinträchtigt wird.The gap running around is able to absorb tolerances between the upper part and lower part, but it is shielded by an angled edge-like extension of the upper part, so that a free passage of air is impaired.

Bei einer bekannten Ausführung nach der DE-C-36 01 789 hat der Unterteil in konischer Richtung nach unten und außen verlaufende Aufnahmen für die Probengefäße. Die Aufnahmen sind nach oben und seitlich nach außen oben offen, so daß die Probengefäße bei geöffnetem Rotor von außen seitlich ir die Aufnahmen einlegbar und seitlich geführt sind. Diese so gebildeten seitlichen Öffnungen sind durch den Außenteil ir einer Fläche abdeckbar, in welcher sich der am weitesten außen liegende Wandteil der Gefäße befindet. Der Außenteil bildet dabei zugleich als Oberteil eine Abdeckung des oberen Endes der Gefäße und des Unterteils.In a known embodiment according to DE-C-36 01 789, the lower part has receptacles for the sample vessels which run downwards and outwards in the conical direction. The receptacles are open at the top and laterally to the outside, so that the sample vessels can be inserted laterally from the outside and guided laterally when the rotor is open. These lateral openings formed in this way can be covered by the outer part in a surface in which the outermost wall part of the vessels is located. The outer part also forms a cover for the upper end of the vessels and the lower part as the upper part.

Diese Ausführung ist zwar vorteilhaft, aber bei der Ausführung aus nur zwei Teilen müssen die Gefäße quer zu ihrer Längsachse eingelegt und gehalten werden. Der Oberteil bildet dann nur eine Absicherung. Ober- und Unterteil müssen genau zueinander passend ausgeführt sein. Hierfür sind zeit- und kostenaufwendige Fräsarbeiten notwendig.This version is advantageous, but if the version consists of only two parts, the vessels must be inserted and held transversely to their longitudinal axis. The upper part then only forms a hedge. The upper and lower part must be designed to match each other. This requires time-consuming and costly milling work.

Die Belastung der abdichtend ineinandergreifenden Ränder von Ober- und Unterteil ist bei den Betriebsgeschwindigkeiten in der Größenordnung bis 15000 U/min. erheblich. Die Verteilung der Abstützung von Probengefäßen auf dem Unterteil und dem Oberteil führt zu Unsicherheiten.The load on the sealingly interlocking edges of the upper and lower parts is in the order of magnitude of up to 15,000 rpm. considerably. The distribution of the support of sample vessels on the lower part and the upper part leads to uncertainties.

Aus der DE-A-33 43 846 ist ein Zentrifugenrotor bekannt, der auch seitliche offene Aufnahmen zum Einsatz von Probengefäßen aufweist. Diese Aufnahmen sind allerdings in einem dreiteilig ausgeführten Zentrifugenrotor innerhalb eines Einsatzes schräg nach unten offen und werden dann durch einen Unterteil abgeschlossen, in den der Einsatz einfügbar ist, welcher nach außen in einem Oberteil mit entsprechend schräg verlaufendem Wandteil gehalten ist. Diese Ausführung ist nicht nur aufwendig, sondern auch sehr schwer zu bedienen, weil praktisch der Einsatz als Zwischenteil bzw. Einlegeteil mit den Ausnehmungen für die Probengefäße zunächst in umgekehrter Richtung gehalten werden muß, bis die Probengefäße eingelegt sind. Danach kann deren Halterung durch Einsatz des Unterteils von oben festgelegt werden und dann erfolgt erst eine Umkehrung zum Einsatz in den Unterteil.From DE-A-33 43 846 a centrifuge rotor is known which also has open side receptacles for the use of sample vessels. However, these receptacles are open at an angle downwards in a three-part centrifuge rotor within an insert and are then closed off by a lower part into which the insert can be inserted, which is held on the outside in an upper part with a correspondingly inclined wall part. This design is not only complex, but also very difficult to use, because practically the use as an intermediate part or insert with the recesses for the sample vessels must first be held in the opposite direction until the sample vessels are inserted. After that, the holder can be fixed from above by using the lower part and only then is it reversed for use in the lower part.

Aus der DE-A-33 34 655 ist eine dreiteilige Ausführung mit einem Unterteil, einem Gefäßaufnahmeteil und einem Oberteil bekannt, die alle auf eine Antriebswelle aufreihbar sind. Hierbei hat der Gefäßaufnahmeteil einen sich konisch nach innen verjüngenden Randabschnitt mit Aufnahmeöffnungen, an deren Rand sich nach außen gerichtete Widerlagerränder der Probengefäße anlegen. Dabei ist dann eine schräg nach außen gerichtete Wand des Aufnahmeteils in bezug zu den Aufnahmeöffnungen so angeordnet und gerichtet, daß sich die eingesteckten Probengefäße, die zunächst nach unten hängen können, bei Betriebsdrehzahlen mit einem mittleren Abschnitt an dieser Wand anlegen.From DE-A-33 34 655 a three-part design with a lower part, a receptacle part and an upper part is known, all of which can be lined up on a drive shaft. Here, the vessel receiving part has a conical shape internally tapering edge section with receiving openings, on the edge of which outward abutment edges of the sample vessels are placed. In this case, an obliquely outward-facing wall of the receiving part is then arranged and directed with respect to the receiving openings in such a way that the inserted sample vessels, which can initially hang down, lie against this wall at operating speeds with a central section.

Die Gesamtanordnung wird dann durch einen aufgesetzten Oberteil abgedeckt und zusammengehalten.The overall arrangement is then covered and held together by an attached top part.

Am Unterteil ist dabei eine Auffangrinne vorgesehen, die durch eine Formung des Randes des Unterteils nach oben und innen gebildet wird. Sie wird von dem Rand des Aufnahmeteils überdeckt. Daher ist es zweifelhaft, ob diese Auffangrinne ihre Aufgabe erfüllt, weil eine mögliche Atmung zwischen einem unteren Randsteg des Gefäßaufnahmeteils und der Auffangrinne des unteren Teils dazu führen kann, daß bei schadhaften Gefäßen austretende Substanzen ausgespritzt werden.A collecting trough is provided on the lower part, which is formed by shaping the edge of the lower part upwards and inwards. It is covered by the edge of the receiving part. Therefore, it is doubtful whether this gutter does its job, because a possible breathing between a lower edge web of the vessel receiving part and the gutter of the lower part can lead to the fact that in the case of defective vessels, escaping substances are sprayed out.

Aus der GB-A-2 098 516 ist ein einteiliger Zentrifugenrotor mit aufsetzbarem Deckel bekannt, dessen Unterteil sowohl die Öffnungen zur Aufnahme der Gefäßränder hat, als auch mit seinem unteren Rand nach innen eingebogen ist, um eine Auffangrinne zu bilden. Hier liegt ein enger Doppelkonus vor, der sich nicht leicht reinigen läßt. Außerdem sind die Gefäße nur mit ihren oberen Bördelrändern an den Öffnungen gehalten, so daß keine sichere Lage entsteht. Eine WandanLage an die Außenwand des Unterteils ist dabei nicht möglich. Es ergeben sich Gefäßschwingungen.From GB-A-2 098 516 a one-piece centrifuge rotor with a cover which can be fitted is known, the lower part of which has both the openings for receiving the vessel edges and is bent inwards with its lower edge in order to form a collecting trough. Here there is a narrow double cone that is not easy to clean. In addition, the vessels are only held at the openings with their upper flanged edges, so that no secure position is created. A wall installation on the outer wall of the lower part is not possible. Vascular vibrations result.

Bei der Ausführung nach der DE-C-36 01 789 und GB-A-2 098 516 ist ein konischer, kegelstumpfförmiger Wandabschnitt zum Einsatz der Probengefäße im Unterteil und gemäß DE-A-33 34 655 im mittleren Teil angeordnet.In the version according to DE-C-36 01 789 and GB-A-2 098 516 there is a conical, frustoconical wall section arranged for use of the sample vessels in the lower part and in the middle part according to DE-A-33 34 655

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen aus zwei Gehäuseteilen bestehenden Zentrifugenrotor der oben angeführten Art zu schaffen, der leicht herstellbar, gut zu bedienen und ferner auch leicht zu reinigen ist, bei welchem aber die Halterung von Probengefäßen im Ruhezustand und auch bei Höchstumlaufgeschwindigkeiten maßgeblich verbessert wird. Das gleiche gilt auch für wechselnde Geschwindigkeiten, so daß auch bei einer nur zweiteiligen Ausführung des Zentrifugenrotors eine erhöhte Sicherheit gewährleistet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a two-part centrifuge rotor of the type mentioned above, which is easy to manufacture, easy to use and also easy to clean, but which significantly improves the holding of sample vessels in the idle state and also at maximum circulation speeds becomes. The same also applies to changing speeds, so that increased safety is ensured even when the centrifuge rotor is only in two parts.

Diese Aufgabe wird in einem Zentrifugenrotor mit einem konischen, kegelstumpfförmigen wandabschnitt im Oberteil, in welchem Öffnungen zur Anlage von Randflanschen vorgesehen sind, dadurch gelöst, daß bei der zweiteiligen Ausführung des Rotors eine innen an den eingebrachten Probengefäßen anliegende Federanordnung die Probengefäße nach außen an eine kegelstumpfförmige Wand des Oberteils drückt und vom Umfang nach innen gerichtete Schlitze aufweist, die jeweils zwischen sich Federlamellen begrenzen und daß ein äußerer Rand jeder Federlamelle konisch abgewinkelt ist und mit dem so geschaffenen Randsteg eine flächige Anlage an dem Probengefäß bildet, wobei der Unterteil in keinem Betriebszustand von einem Probengefäß berührbar ist und der Spalt einen Belüftungsdurchgang für eine effektive Kühlung der Probengefäße bildet.This object is achieved in a centrifuge rotor with a conical, truncated cone-shaped wall section in the upper part, in which openings are provided for contacting edge flanges, in that, in the two-part design of the rotor, a spring arrangement which rests on the inside of the inserted sample vessels, the sample vessels outwardly on a truncated cone Presses the wall of the upper part and has inward slits from the circumference, each delimiting between spring plates and that an outer edge of each spring plate is angled conically and forms a flat contact with the sample vessel, the lower part being in no operating state is touchable in a sample vessel and the gap forms a ventilation passage for effective cooling of the sample vessels.

Durch eine solche Federanordnung ist eine immer gleichbleibende Ausrichtung der Probengefäße gewährleistet, so daß sowohl im Stillstand als auch bei höchster Drehgeschwindigkeit eine sichere Halterung und eine sichere Ausrichtung vorhanden ist. Die Federanordnung verhindert klappern der Probengefäße bei Stillstand des Rotors, unbeabsichtigtes Herausgleiten der Probengefäße auch bei leichter Entnahme. Durch die Segmentierung werden gleich große Kräfte auf jedes einzelne Gefäß ausgeübt. Die Wirkung der Federanordnung wird durch die Ausbildung von Federlamellen und die konische Abwinklung des äußeren Randes verbessert. Durch die Segmentierung bzw. Lamellierung ergibt sich eine in Umfangsrichtung stabilisierte Lage. Aufgrund der konischen Abwinklung wird jeweils eine flächige Anlage geschaffen. Dadurch überträgt die Feder ihre Kraft verhältnismäßig großflächig auf die Gefäße, so daß Deformationen und Materialabriebe bzw. auch ein Verschleiß der Feder vermieden werden.Such a spring arrangement ensures an always constant alignment of the sample vessels, so that a secure mounting and a secure alignment both at a standstill and at the highest rotational speed is available. The spring arrangement prevents the sample containers from rattling when the rotor is at a standstill, and the sample containers unintentionally slide out even when the sample is easily removed. The segmentation exerts equally large forces on each individual vessel. The effect of the spring arrangement is improved by the formation of spring lamellae and the conical angling of the outer edge. The segmentation or lamination results in a position stabilized in the circumferential direction. Due to the conical bending, a flat system is created. As a result, the spring transmits its force to the vessels over a relatively large area, so that deformations and material abrasion or wear of the spring are avoided.

Wenn einbezogen wird, daß die sich konisch nach unten erweiternde Wand des Oberteils sich unter den Zentrifugalwirkung bis zu einem gewissen Maße ausdehnen kann, was durch den Spalt aufgenommen wird, dann ergibt sich auch bei Betriebsdrehzahl eine flächige Anlage insbesondere des Führungseinsatzes an der äußeren Wand.If it is included that the wall of the upper part, which widens conically downwards, can expand to a certain extent under the centrifugal action, which is absorbed by the gap, then even at operating speed there is a flat contact, in particular of the guide insert on the outer wall.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind in die Öffnung hülsenförmige zylindrische Führungseinsätze eingeführt, die als oberes Widerlager einen nach außen gebördelten Rand haben und unten offen sind und die mit Abstand von dem Unterteil enden, in welche Führungseinsätze Probengefäße einführbar sind. Die Federanordnung liegt innen an den Führungseinsätzen an. Solche Führungseinsätze werden insbesondere bei höheren Drehzahlen ( 12000 min-1) eingesetzt, um die vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff hergestellten Probengefäße zu entlasten. Eine Federanordnung gemäß beschriebener Ausführung erlaubt den leichten Austausch etwaig verschmutzter oder beschädigter Hülsen nach Demontage des Rotors durch den Kunden. Die unten offene Ausführung der Führungseinsätze vermeidet dabei schwingende Luftsäulen, so daß eine Abdeckung nach oben entfallenkann und die Federanordnung stellt dabei unabhängig von der Füllung eingebrachter Probengefäße eine ruhige Führung sicher.In an advantageous embodiment, sleeve-shaped cylindrical guide inserts are introduced into the opening, which have an outwardly flanged edge as the upper abutment and are open at the bottom and which end at a distance from the lower part, into which guide inserts sample containers can be inserted. The spring arrangement lies against the inside of the guide inserts. Such guide inserts are used in particular at higher speeds (12000 min -1 ) in order to relieve the load on the sample vessels, which are preferably made of plastic. A spring arrangement according to the design described allows the easy replacement of any soiled or damaged sleeves after the customer has dismantled the rotor. The open design of the guide inserts avoids swinging air columns, so that a cover can be omitted upwards and the spring arrangement ensures a quiet guidance regardless of the filling of inserted sample vessels.

Es wird eine Ausführungsform geschaffen, in welcher eine einteilige segmentierte Federanordnung entweder an sich locker gehaltene Führungseinsätze oder eingebrachte Probengefäße nach außen in Randanlage an die Wand des konischen Oberteils drückt. Mit besonderem Vorteil weist der äußere Rand einer Federlamelle eine konkave Auskehlung auf, die einen zylindrischen Führungseinsatz aufnimmt. Hierdurch werden die Führungseinsätze unter Ausschließung jeglicher Toleranz in einer bestimmten Lage gehalten.An embodiment is created in which a one-part segmented spring arrangement either presses loose guide inserts or inserted sample vessels outwards against the wall of the conical upper part. It is particularly advantageous if the outer edge of a spring lamella has a concave groove which receives a cylindrical guide insert. As a result, the guide inserts are held in a certain position, excluding any tolerance.

In einer Ausführung mit einem Nabenkörper, der in bekannter Weise zwischen Oberteil und Unterteil vorgesehen ist und einen Befestigungsflansch für Oberteil und Unterteil aufweist ist die Federanordnung vorteilhaft als Flachlochscheibe zwischen dem Befestigungsflansch des Nabenkörpers einerseits und einem flanschartigen Wandabschnitt eines der Elemente, welche Oberteil und Unterteil umfassen, andererseits eingebunden ist, wobei die Einbindung mittels der Befestigungsmittel erfolgt, die zur Festlegung der flanschartigen Abschnitte des Oberteils und des Unterteils vorgesehen ist. Vorteilhaft erfolgt die Einbindung an einem Ränderflansch des Unterteils, weil dann ein vergrößerter Abstand zu den Öffnungen für die zylindrischen Führungseinsätze, insbesondere aber auch die Probengefäße entsteht.In an embodiment with a hub body, which is provided in a known manner between the upper part and lower part and has a fastening flange for the upper part and lower part, the spring arrangement is advantageously a flat perforated disk between the fastening flange of the hub body on the one hand and a flange-like wall section of one of the elements which comprise the upper part and the lower part , on the other hand is integrated, the integration being carried out by means of the fastening means which is provided for fixing the flange-like sections of the upper part and the lower part. The integration is advantageously carried out on an edge flange of the lower part, because then there is an increased distance from the openings for the cylindrical guide inserts, but in particular also the sample vessels.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht des Zentrifugen rotors im Schnitt;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf ein Einzelteil des Zentrifugenrotors, nämlich auf die Federscheibe.
The invention is described below with reference to exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a side view of the centrifuge rotors in section;
Fig. 2
a plan view of a single part of the centrifuge rotor, namely the spring washer.

Der Zentrifugenrotor hat einen Unterteil 1 und einen Oberteil 2, in welchem Öffnungen 3, 4, 5 ... zum Einsatz von Probengefäßen oder Führungseinsätzen 6, 7 für solche vorgesehen sind. Solche Führungseinsätze oder Probengefäße haben nach außen gerichtete flanschartige obere Bördelränder 8, 9, die sich an die Öffnungsränder des Oberteils anlegen. Letzteres hat dann eine nach außen sich konisch nach unten erweiternde Wand 10, welche eine Randanlage für die in die Öffnungen 3 bis 5 eingesetzten Führungseinsätze oder Probengefäße bildet.The centrifuge rotor has a lower part 1 and an upper part 2, in which openings 3, 4, 5 ... are provided for the use of sample vessels or guide inserts 6, 7 for them. Such guide inserts or sample vessels have outward flange-like upper flanged edges 8, 9, which are located on the opening edges of the upper part invest. The latter then has a wall 10 which widens conically downwards and forms an edge contact for the guide inserts or sample vessels inserted into the openings 3 to 5.

Ober- und Unterteil sind zu einer Baugruppe zusammengefaßt, dazu ist ein Nabenkörper 11 vorgesehen, der einen zylindrischen Teil 12 und einen unteren nach außen gerichteten Befestigungsflansch 13 hat. An diesem ist oben ein flanschartiger Wandabschnitt 14 des Oberteils 2 und unten ein entsprechender flanschartiger Wandabschnitt 15 des Unterteils 1 in entsprechend ihrer Wandstärke ausgebildeten stufenförmigen Einziehungen 16, 17 angeordnet und mittels durch Öffnungen geführte Befestigungsschraubenanordnungen 18 festgelegt. Dabei sind insbesondere drei um den Umfang versetzte Befestigungsschraubenanordnungen vorgesehen. Eine ist mit 15 bezeichnet, die anderen sind bei 19 und 20 angeordnet.The upper and lower part are combined to form an assembly, for this purpose a hub body 11 is provided, which has a cylindrical part 12 and a lower, outwardly directed fastening flange 13. A flange-like wall section 14 of the upper part 2 and a corresponding flange-like wall section 15 of the lower part 1 are arranged at the top in step-shaped recesses 16, 17 designed according to their wall thickness and are fixed by means of fastening screw arrangements 18 guided through openings. In particular, three fastening screw arrangements offset around the circumference are provided. One is designated 15, the others are located at 19 and 20.

Zwischen dem Befestigungsflansch 13 und dem Randflansch 15 des Unterteils 1 ist eine scheibenförmige Federanordnung 21 eingebunden, die in Draufsicht auch in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist. Bei dieser Federanordnung handelt es sich um eine Federscheibe, welche zur Bildung von um den Umfang gleichmäßig verteilten Federlamellen 22, 23, 24 .... radial von außen nach innen gerichtete Schlitze 25, 26, 27, 28 aufweist.A disk-shaped spring arrangement 21 is integrated between the fastening flange 13 and the edge flange 15 of the lower part 1, which is also shown in plan view in FIG. 2. This spring arrangement is a spring washer which has slots 25, 26, 27, 28 directed radially from the outside in order to form spring plates 22, 23, 24 .... distributed uniformly around the circumference.

Die mittels in der Federscheibe vorgesehener Löcher 29 - 31 durch die Befestigungsfederanordnungen 18 - 20 eingebundene Federscheibe 21 ist dabei so ausgerichtet gehalten, daß jeweils eine Federlamelle 22 - 24 an die Außenwand des Probengefäßes oder des zylindrischen Führungseinsatzes drückt und dieses oder diesen unabhängig von Drehgeschwin digkeiten in der Wandanlage an der sich konisch nach unten erweiternden Wand 10 hält. Dadurch werden auch die Bördelränder 8, 9 entlastet und die Halterung der Gefäße eingefaßt, daß eine Oberabdeckung entfallen kann.The provided in the spring washer holes 29 - 31 through the mounting spring assemblies 18 - 20 spring washer 21 is held so aligned that a spring plate 22 - 24 presses against the outer wall of the sample vessel or the cylindrical guide insert and this or this independently of the rotational speed holds in the wall system on the wall 10 which widens conically downwards. As a result, the flanged edges 8, 9 are relieved and the holder of the vessels is framed so that an upper cover can be omitted.

Wenn keine zylindrischen Führungseinsätze 6, 7 vorhanden sind, sondern in die Öffnungen 3 - 5 unmittelbar Probengefäße eingesetzt werden, finden sie durch Berührung an der Innenseite mit der Federscheibe 21, insbesondere den äußeren Rändern der Federlamellen 22 - 24, automatisch ihre feste Außenanlage. Hierbei wird einbezogen, daß die äußeren Ränder 32 der Federlamellen entsprechend der Konizität der Wand 10 konisch verlaufen bzw. abgerundet sind. Einbezogen wird ferner, daß die äußeren Ränder, wie am Rand 33 einer Federlamelle gezeigt ist, nach innen konkav entsprechend der Linie 34 geformt sind, so daß die zylindrischen Führungseinsätze oder unmittelbar die Gefäße eingefaßt und damit auch in Umfangsrichtung zusätzlich geführt werden.If there are no cylindrical guide inserts 6, 7, but sample vessels are inserted directly into the openings 3-5, they automatically find their fixed external contact by touching the inside with the spring washer 21, in particular the outer edges of the spring plates 22-24. This includes the fact that the outer edges 32 of the spring lamellae are tapered or rounded in accordance with the taper of the wall 10. It is also included that the outer edges, as shown on the edge 33 of a spring lamella, are concavely shaped inwards according to the line 34, so that the cylindrical guide inserts or directly enclose the vessels and are thus additionally guided in the circumferential direction.

Ein vorteilhaftes Merkmal des gezeigten Aufbaus liegt darin. daß zwischen Oberteil 2 und Unterteil 1 außen ein herumlaufender Spalt 35 angeordnet ist. Der Spalt 35 wird nach unten vom oberen eingezogenen Rand 36 des Unterteils 1 gebildet, der zu einer Auffangrinne 37 unterhalb der zylindrischen Führungseinsätze oder Probengefäße gestaltet ist. Der obere Rand des Spaltes 35 wird vom unteren Rand 38 des Oberteils 2 gebildet, und zwar dem unteren Rand der konischen Wand 10, an welchem sich die Gefäße oder Führungseinsätze anlegen. Dieser Rand kann insoweit abgeschrägt geführt sein, als er im wesentlichen achsparallel zum Nabenkörper 11 verläuft.An advantageous feature of the construction shown is that. that a circumferential gap 35 is arranged on the outside between upper part 2 and lower part 1. The gap 35 is formed downwards by the upper retracted edge 36 of the lower part 1, which is designed to form a collecting channel 37 below the cylindrical guide inserts or sample vessels. The upper edge of the gap 35 is formed by the lower edge 38 of the upper part 2, namely the lower edge of the conical wall 10, on which the vessels or guide inserts abut. This edge can be bevelled to the extent that it runs essentially axially parallel to the hub body 11.

Der untere Rand des Oberteils befindet sich soweit unterhalb des oberen Randes des Unterteils, daß durch Zentrifu galkraft direkt beschleunigte Teile nicht austreten können.The lower edge of the upper part is so far below the upper edge of the lower part that by centrifuge galkraft directly accelerated parts cannot escape.

Durch den geschaffenen Durchgang in Form des Spaltes 35 wird jegliche Geräuschbildung vermieden. Vor allem läßt sich aber der Unterteil leicht ausbauen und in der gezeigten Form leicht reinigen oder auswechseln. Sowohl die Führungseinsätze 6, 7 als auch eventuell direkt eingesetzte Probengefäße stehen nicht mit dem Unterteil 1 in Berührung. Dieser Unterteil steht daher mit seinem außen nach obebn aufgebogenen Wandabschnitt nicht unter der Belastung der eingesetzten Probengefäße.Due to the created passage in the form of the gap 35 any noise is avoided. Above all, however, the lower part can be easily removed and easily cleaned or replaced in the form shown. Both the guide inserts 6, 7 and any directly inserted sample vessels are not in contact with the lower part 1. This lower part, with its wall section bent upwards towards the outside, is therefore not under the load of the sample vessels used.

Aufgrund der Federscheibe ist die sichere Funktionslage der zylindrischen Führungseinsätze oder Probengefäße im Oberteil gesichert, solange die Federscheibe 21 in der stufenförmigen Einziehung 17 eingefaßt und gehalten bleibt.Because of the spring washer, the safe functional position of the cylindrical guide inserts or sample vessels in the upper part is ensured as long as the spring washer 21 is held and held in the step-shaped recess 17.

Es wird bemerkt, daß der Nabenkörper 11 eine nach unten gerichtete mittlere Öffnung 39 aufweist, in welche der Wellenzapfen eines Rotorantriebes einsetzbar ist. Der Wellenzapfen hat oben eine Gewindeöffnung, in die ein Gewindezapfen 40 einer Befestigungsschraube 41 einschraubbar ist, die mit einem Kopf 42 unverlierbar, aber drehbar und höhenbewegbar an der Außenseite des Nabenkörpers 11 geführt und gehalten ist.It is noted that the hub body 11 has a downward central opening 39, into which the shaft journal of a rotor drive can be inserted. The shaft journal has a threaded opening at the top, into which a threaded pin 40 of a fastening screw 41 can be screwed, which is guided and held on the outside of the hub body 11 with a head 42 so that it cannot be lost, but can be rotated and moved in height.

Claims (5)

  1. Rotor for a centrifuge comprising upper and lower parts, which are formed with openings for accommodating test tubes in rim engagement, wherein the lower part is provided with a collecting trough which is constituted by an upwardly extending outer rim and wherein test tubes are inserted into said openings (3-5) and further an annular gap is provided between the lower part (1) and upper part (2), characterized therein that in the bipartite design of the rotor a spring configuration (21) acting internally on the inserted test tubes presses said test tubes outwards against a frustoconical wall (10) of the upper part (2) and comprises slots (25 to 28) which extend inwardly from the periphery, where said slots define spring leaves (22 to 24) between them and where an outer rim of each spring leaf (22 to 24) is bevelled such that the rim (43) thus formed provides surface contact with the test tube where the lower part (1) cannot be touched by a test tube under any operating conditions and the gap forms a ventilation passage for effective cooling of the test tubes.
  2. Rotor for a centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, characterized therein that sleeve-like cylindrical guide inserts (6, 7) are introduced into the opening (3-5) where said guide inserts (6, 7) comprise as an upper abutment an outturned rim, are open at the bottom and terminate at a distance from the lower part of the rotor, and into which guide inserts test tubes can be inserted and that the spring configuration (21) bears on the guide inserts (6, 7) from the inside.
  3. Rotor for a centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by an integral segmented spring configuration (21) which presses either inherently loosely held guide inserts or inserted test tubes outwards with rim engagement on the wall (10) of the conical upper part (2).
  4. Rotor for a centrifuge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized therein that the outer rim (33) of a spring leaf comprises a concave recess (34) which accommodates a cylindrical guide insert (6, 7).
  5. Rotor for a centrifuge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 with a hub element, which is provided between the upper part (2) and lower part (1) and comprises a mounting flange (13) for the upper and lower parts, characterized therein that the spring configuration (21) is in the form of a flat punched disk located between the mounting flange (13) of the hub element (11) on the one hand and a flange-like wall portion (14, 15) of one of the elements encompassing the upper part (2) and lower part (1) on the other, where this mounting occurs by means of the mounting means (18, 19) provided for fixing the flange-like sections (14, 15) of the upper part (2) and lower part (1).
EP87108855A 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 Centrifuge rotor Expired - Lifetime EP0296254B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8787108855T DE3768808D1 (en) 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 CENTRIFUGAL ROTOR.
EP87108855A EP0296254B1 (en) 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 Centrifuge rotor
AT87108855T ATE61742T1 (en) 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 CENTRIFUGE ROTOR.
US07/209,495 US4832679A (en) 1987-06-20 1988-06-20 Rotor for centrifuge
JP63150398A JPS6418458A (en) 1987-06-20 1988-06-20 Centrifugal separating rotor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87108855A EP0296254B1 (en) 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 Centrifuge rotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296254A1 EP0296254A1 (en) 1988-12-28
EP0296254B1 true EP0296254B1 (en) 1991-03-20

Family

ID=8197075

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87108855A Expired - Lifetime EP0296254B1 (en) 1987-06-20 1987-06-20 Centrifuge rotor

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4832679A (en)
EP (1) EP0296254B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6418458A (en)
AT (1) ATE61742T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3768808D1 (en)

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DE4014440C1 (en) * 1990-05-05 1991-07-04 Heraeus Sepatech Gmbh, 3360 Osterode, De
DE9016288U1 (en) * 1990-11-30 1991-10-10 Fa. Andreas Hettich, 7200 Tuttlingen Angle head for centrifuges
DE4233753C2 (en) * 1992-10-07 1998-01-29 Hettich Andreas Fa Vacuum centrifuge
JP2902116B2 (en) * 1993-01-14 1999-06-07 コンポジット ローター,インコーポレイテッド Ultra-lightweight composite centrifugal rotor
US5362300A (en) * 1993-05-27 1994-11-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Shell-type centrifuge rotor
US5487719A (en) * 1994-01-14 1996-01-30 Denver Instrument Company Centrifuge rotor assembly
US5562583A (en) * 1995-09-07 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Tube adapter for centrifuge shell type rotor
US5728038A (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-03-17 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Centrifuge rotor having structural stress relief
US6190300B1 (en) 2000-03-10 2001-02-20 Labnet International Inc. Centrifuge rotor adapted for use with centrifuge tube strips
DE102004062232B4 (en) * 2004-12-23 2013-01-10 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Rotor for laboratory centrifuges
DE102004062231B4 (en) * 2004-12-23 2012-12-13 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Rotor for laboratory centrifuges
JP4941877B2 (en) * 2005-10-18 2012-05-30 日立工機株式会社 Centrifuge rotor and centrifuge
JP4862711B2 (en) * 2007-03-20 2012-01-25 日立工機株式会社 Centrifuge rotor and centrifuge
US20100038294A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-18 Charles Dugan Centrifugal separation apparatus

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US3709429A (en) * 1970-10-19 1973-01-09 Kenzie D Mc Centrifuges
US3825178A (en) * 1971-12-17 1974-07-23 American Hospital Supply Corp Centrifuge rotor
JPS57937Y2 (en) * 1978-03-13 1982-01-07
JPS541069U (en) * 1978-05-16 1979-01-06
JPS5740112U (en) * 1980-08-16 1982-03-04
EP0097809B1 (en) * 1982-06-09 1985-09-11 Shandon Southern Products Limited Centrifugation
US4412830A (en) * 1982-06-24 1983-11-01 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Cover for centrifuge rotor
US4449965A (en) * 1982-10-04 1984-05-22 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Shell type centrifuge rotor having controlled windage
US4484906A (en) * 1983-05-02 1984-11-27 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Shell type centrifuge rotor retaining ruptured tube sample
DE3341323C2 (en) * 1983-11-15 1987-02-19 Heraeus Separationstechnik GmbH, 3360 Osterode Laboratory centrifuge
US4553955A (en) * 1984-06-01 1985-11-19 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Multi-angle adapter for fixed angle centrifuge rotor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6418458A (en) 1989-01-23
JPH0238264B2 (en) 1990-08-29
ATE61742T1 (en) 1991-04-15
US4832679A (en) 1989-05-23
DE3768808D1 (en) 1991-04-25
EP0296254A1 (en) 1988-12-28

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