EP0295688B1 - Microwave primary emitting-receiving duplexer-unit for orthogonaly polarised waves - Google Patents

Microwave primary emitting-receiving duplexer-unit for orthogonaly polarised waves Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0295688B1
EP0295688B1 EP88109666A EP88109666A EP0295688B1 EP 0295688 B1 EP0295688 B1 EP 0295688B1 EP 88109666 A EP88109666 A EP 88109666A EP 88109666 A EP88109666 A EP 88109666A EP 0295688 B1 EP0295688 B1 EP 0295688B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
housing
cavity
head according
microwave head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88109666A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0295688A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Cruchon
Franck Fontaine
Michel Brugidou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel CIT SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Telspace SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Telspace SA filed Critical Alcatel Telspace SA
Publication of EP0295688A1 publication Critical patent/EP0295688A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0295688B1 publication Critical patent/EP0295688B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a duplex transmission-reception microwave head with orthogonal polarizations.
  • duplexers are currently widespread in all radio link systems.
  • the vast majority of them use waveguide access on both polarities, or coaxial on rectangular or square horns. They are generally based on the principle that an oversized waveguide can propagate two waves (case of the TE 11 circular or square guide) with orthogonal polarizations.
  • the separation of the electromagnetic fields is obtained by a mode filtering effect (for example using a decoupling plate which carries one of the types of propagation under the cut) and by combining the guide lengths.
  • a good quality duplexer ensures a decoupling of 40 to 50 dB between the ports and needs to be carried out as a waveguide on all of its ports, which preserves the distribution of electromagnetic fields. This principle is always retained for its greater reproduction fidelity and its better symmetry.
  • the competition is, in this case, transferred to the mechanical environment and uses molded cases as well as hydride or composite technologies.
  • a French invention patent published under the number 2 502 405 describes a system for receiving microwave signals with linear orthogonal polarizations essentially comprising, following a parabolic reflector, a reception horn, a bandpass filter, a separator modes and a box containing electronic amplification and frequency conversion circuits.
  • the horn and the filter are made as a waveguide and are, with the mode separator and the housing, carried by the same support consisting of two half-shells symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal plane of assembly and which can be manufactured by a common industrial process such as, in particular, molding or injection of metal or plastic material subsequently metallized.
  • the connection between the waveguide part and the electronic circuits is ensured by the subdivision of the separator into two waveguides of orthogonal rectangular straight sections; these two guides being respectively coupled to two support plates of these circuits.
  • Such an embodiment does not allow extensive integration, due to the existence of problems of deformation of the fields by coupling between the microwave signals with orthogonal polarizations.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the invention proposes a duplex transmission-reception microwave head with orthogonal polarizations, comprising an elongated housing provided at one end with a longitudinal bore forming a first waveguide, and a transverse bore forming a second waveguide opening, at its first end, into the first guide, a receiving antenna which plunges into the first guide at a place situated between the internal end of this first guide and the place where the second guide opens out, and a second antenna which plunges into the second guide at its second end, characterized in that this second antenna is a transmitting antenna, each of these antennas being connected respectively to a coaxial access, in that a metal plate is disposed longitudinally in the first guide between two transverse planes containing the two antennas, in that the housing, of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape, is formed of fins concentric, serving as a radiator, machined at a first end of the housing to form three flats, the first two being arranged parallel to the metal plate on either side of the housing and the third being perpen
  • such a head allows a guide-coaxial composite integration.
  • the microwave head according to the invention comprises a box illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • This housing 10 of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape is formed of concentric fins 11, serving as a radiator, which have been machined at a first end 12 of the housing 10 to form three flats, the first two 13, 14 above and below being parallel and the third 15 being perpendicular to them.
  • the three cavities 16, 17, 18 also have holes 20 allowing the fixing in each of them of a circuit.
  • the third cavity 18 is connected to the other two by a succession of parallel orifices 21, intended to contain connection wires between the different circuits.
  • These three cavities 16, 17, 18 communicate respectively with the first end 12 of the housing 10 through three orifices 22, 23 and 24.
  • a longitudinal cylindrical bore 25 is machined in this casing to open at the second end 26 thereof so as to form a first guide in TE 11 mode.
  • the first (16) and the second (17) cavity disposed on either side of this bore 25 communicate with the latter via respectively a first transverse bore 27 of cylindrical shape and a second bore 28 transverse rectangular shape, partially closed on the side of the first longitudinal bore by an iris 29, so as to form a rectangular guide in TE 10 mode with iris compensation.
  • a polarization plate 31 cuts the first cavity in a median plane in the longitudinal direction and it is located between the first (27) and the second (28) transverse bore. This plate makes it possible to short-circuit that of the electric fields which is parallel to it.
  • the head according to the invention is shown in Figures 6 and 7, once mounted.
  • the three cavities 16, 17 and 18 are respectively closed, to form electromagnetic shielding enclosures, by three flat covers 35, 36 and 37 which rest on the three flats 13, 14 and 15.
  • Each of these three circuits is connected to a plug fixed in one of the orifices 22, 23 and 24, the first two being coaxial plugs 41 and 42, the third not appearing in the figures.
  • the reception circuit 38 for example of the LNC ("Low noise converter”) type, is an amplification circuit of the reception signal comprising a antenna 44 which passes through the first transverse bore 27 so as to be disposed, as for its reception part proper, in the longitudinal bore 25.
  • LNC Low noise converter
  • the transmission circuit 39 for example of the HPA ("high power amplifier”) type, is a circuit for amplifying the transmission signal comprising an antenna 45 positioned in the second transverse bore 28. This circuit forms a shutter of said bore transverse 28.
  • the third circuit 40 enables current components of the other two circuits 38 and 39, in particular their transistors, to be polarized by means of wires which pass through the orifices 21.
  • this housing 10 On the second end of this housing 10 can be mounted an excitation horn located in the extension of the longitudinal bore 25 so as to complete the microwave head of the invention, such a horn well known to those skilled in the art. art not shown in the figures.
  • each of the circuits 38, 39, 40 located on the side of the housing can be arranged a metal sole serving as ground plane.
  • the whole of the head constitutes a waterproof block which forms a heat radiator mounted in the open air or in the room, at the focus of a parabolic or off-set antenna by means of a corrugated or trapped bipolar circular source. .
  • the invention relates to the composite arrangement of the duplexer associated with the transmission and reception amplification circuits, while serving as a radiator for the energy consumed without loss of link on the transmission and a very low noise temperature at the reception.
  • the iris 29 which allows the adaptation between the first guide 25 and the second guide 28 can be replaced by a post.
  • the longitudinal bore can be square or rectangular: It propagates, in this case too, a TE 11 mode.
  • the second guide 28 can be square or rectangular: it then propagates a TE 10 mode, but it can also be circular: it then propagates a TE 11 mode.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une tête hyperfréquence d'émission-réception duplexées à polarisations orthogonales.The invention relates to a duplex transmission-reception microwave head with orthogonal polarizations.

L'utilisation des duplexeurs est actuellement généralisée dans tous les systèmes de liaison par voie hertzienne. Dans leur grande majorité, ils utilisent des accès en guide d'onde sur les deux polarités, ou en coaxial sur des cornets rectangulaires ou carrés. Ils sont généralement basés sur le principe qu'un guide d'onde surdimensionné peut propager deux ondes (cas du guide TE 11 circulaire ou carré) à polarisations orthogonales.The use of duplexers is currently widespread in all radio link systems. The vast majority of them use waveguide access on both polarities, or coaxial on rectangular or square horns. They are generally based on the principle that an oversized waveguide can propagate two waves (case of the TE 11 circular or square guide) with orthogonal polarizations.

La séparation des champs électromagnétiques est obtenue par un effet de filtrage de mode (par exemple à l'aide d'une plaque de découplage qui porte sous la coupure un des types de propagations) et de combinaison des longueurs de guide.The separation of the electromagnetic fields is obtained by a mode filtering effect (for example using a decoupling plate which carries one of the types of propagation under the cut) and by combining the guide lengths.

En principe, un duplexeur de bonne qualité assure un découplage de 40 à 50 dB entre les accès et nécessite d'être réalisé en guide d'onde sur tous ses accès, ce qui préserve la distribution des champs électromagnétiques. Ce principe est toujours retenu pour sa plus grande fidélité de reproduction et sa meilleure symétrie.In principle, a good quality duplexer ensures a decoupling of 40 to 50 dB between the ports and needs to be carried out as a waveguide on all of its ports, which preserves the distribution of electromagnetic fields. This principle is always retained for its greater reproduction fidelity and its better symmetry.

Dans la compétition internationale actuelle, les systèmes de transmission de données font appel aux retransmissions par satellite qui fonctionnent en liaison avec de mini-stations terriennes économiques. Les retransmissions TV par ce système semblent promises à un grand essor.In today's international competition, data transmission systems use satellite retransmissions which operate in conjunction with low-cost mini-earth stations. TV broadcasts by this system seem to be on the rise.

L'évolution des techniques, par example de :

  • - réalisation de circuits monolitiques en silicium (Si) ou en arséniure de gallium (As Ga) ;
  • - cablage automatique de circuits en technologie de report de composants en surface (type CMS) ;
  • - conception de circuits assistée par ordinateur

permet des réalisations bon marché, à grande échelle, de circuits HPA (High power amplifier), LNA (Low noise amplifier) ou LNC (low noise converter) à semi-conducteurs fiables.The evolution of techniques, for example:
  • - realization of monolithic circuits in silicon (Si) or in gallium arsenide (As Ga);
  • - automatic wiring of circuits in surface component transfer technology (CMS type);
  • - computer aided circuit design

enables inexpensive, large-scale production of reliable semiconductor HPA (High power amplifier), LNA (Low noise amplifier) or LNC (low noise converter) circuits.

La compétition est, dans ce cas, reportée sur l'environnement mécanique et fait appel aux boîtiers moulés ainsi qu'aux technologies hydrides ou composites.The competition is, in this case, transferred to the mechanical environment and uses molded cases as well as hydride or composite technologies.

Un brevet d'invention français publié sous le numéro 2 502 405 décrit un système de réception de signaux hyperfréquences à polarisations orthogonales linéaires comprenant essentiellement, à la suite d'un réflecteur parabolique, un cornet de réception, un filtre passe-bande, un séparateur de modes et un boîtier contenant des circuits électroniques d'amplification et de conversion de fréquence. Le cornet et le filtre sont réalisés en guide d'onde et sont, avec le séparateur de modes et le boîtier, portés par un même support constitué de deux demi-coquilles symétriques par rapport à leur plan longitudinal d'assemblage et pouvant être fabriquées par un procédé industriel courant tel que, notamment, moulage ou injection de métal ou de matière plastique ultérieurement métallisée.A French invention patent published under the number 2 502 405 describes a system for receiving microwave signals with linear orthogonal polarizations essentially comprising, following a parabolic reflector, a reception horn, a bandpass filter, a separator modes and a box containing electronic amplification and frequency conversion circuits. The horn and the filter are made as a waveguide and are, with the mode separator and the housing, carried by the same support consisting of two half-shells symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal plane of assembly and which can be manufactured by a common industrial process such as, in particular, molding or injection of metal or plastic material subsequently metallized.

Mais dans un tel système, la liaison entre la partie en guide d'onde et les circuits électroniques est assurée par la subdivision du séparateur en deux guides d'ondes de sections droites rectangulaires orthogonales ; ces deux guides étant couplés respectivement à deux plaquettes de support de ces circuits.But in such a system, the connection between the waveguide part and the electronic circuits is ensured by the subdivision of the separator into two waveguides of orthogonal rectangular straight sections; these two guides being respectively coupled to two support plates of these circuits.

Une telle réalisation ne permet pas une intégration poussée, du fait de l'existence de problèmes de déformation des champs par couplage entre les signaux hyperfréquences à polarisations orthogonales.Such an embodiment does not allow extensive integration, due to the existence of problems of deformation of the fields by coupling between the microwave signals with orthogonal polarizations.

L'invention a pour objet de pallier à ces inconvénients.The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.

L'invention propose à cet effet une tête hyperfréquence d'émission-réception duplexée à polarisations orhogonales, comprenant un boîtier allongé muni à une extrémité d'un alésage longitudinal formant un premier guide d'onde, et d'un alésage transversal formant un second guide d'onde débouchant, en sa première extrémité, dans le premier guide, une antenne de réception qui plonge dans le premier guide en un endroit situé entre l'extrémité interne de ce premier guide et l'endroit où débouche le second guide, et une seconde antenne qui plonge dans le second guide en sa seconde extrémité, caractérisée en ce que cette seconde antenne est une antenne d'émission, chacune de ces antennes étant reliée respectivement à un accès coaxial, en ce qu'une plaque métallique est disposée longitudinalement dans le premier guide entre deux plans transversaux contenant les deux antennes, en ce que le boîtier, de forme cylindrique ou semi-cylindrique, est formé d'ailettes concentriques, servant de radiateur, usinées à une première extrémité du boîtier pour former trois méplats, les deux premiers étant disposés parallèlement à la plaque métallique de part et d'autre du boîtier et le troisième leur étant perpendiculaire, en ce que ces trois méplats sont creusés, chacun, d'une cavité oblongue destinée à contenir un circuit, la troisième cavité étant reliée aux deux autres par au moins un orifice destiné à contenir des fils de liaisons entre les différents circuits, ces trois cavités communiquant respectivement avec la première extrémité du boitier grâce à trois orifices, et en ce que la première et la seconde cavités sont disposées de part et d'autre de l'alésage longitudinal, communiquant avec celui-ci par l'intermédiaire respectivement d'un premier alésage transversal de forme cylindrique et d'un second alésage transversal qui forme le second guide.To this end, the invention proposes a duplex transmission-reception microwave head with orthogonal polarizations, comprising an elongated housing provided at one end with a longitudinal bore forming a first waveguide, and a transverse bore forming a second waveguide opening, at its first end, into the first guide, a receiving antenna which plunges into the first guide at a place situated between the internal end of this first guide and the place where the second guide opens out, and a second antenna which plunges into the second guide at its second end, characterized in that this second antenna is a transmitting antenna, each of these antennas being connected respectively to a coaxial access, in that a metal plate is disposed longitudinally in the first guide between two transverse planes containing the two antennas, in that the housing, of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape, is formed of fins concentric, serving as a radiator, machined at a first end of the housing to form three flats, the first two being arranged parallel to the metal plate on either side of the housing and the third being perpendicular to them, in that these three flats are each with an oblong cavity intended to contain a circuit, the third cavity being connected to the other two by at least one orifice intended to contain connecting wires between the different circuits, these three cavities communicating respectively with the first end of the housing by means of three orifices, and in that the first and second cavities are arranged on either side of the longitudinal bore, communicating with the latter via respectively a first transverse bore of cylindrical shape and a second transverse bore which forms the second guide.

Avantageusement une telle tête permet une intégration composite guide-coaxial. En mélangeant ces deux techniques on obtient une grande simplification de réalisation.Advantageously, such a head allows a guide-coaxial composite integration. By mixing these two techniques we obtain a great simplification of realization.

Une telle tête présente de nombreuses caractéristiques mécaniques avantageuses :

  • - boîtier unique moulable sous pression ;
  • - accessibilité aux fonctions d'amplification et d'alimentation par les cavités ;
  • - faible encombrement (utilisation au foyer d'une antenne).
Such a head has many advantageous mechanical characteristics:
  • - single die-cast housing;
  • - accessibility to amplification and supply functions through the cavities;
  • - small footprint (use of an antenna in the home).

Elle présente, également de nombreuses caractéristiques électriques avantageuses :

  • - découplage émission/réception supérieur à 45 dB ;
  • - sur les circuits LNA (low noise amplifier) et LNC (low noise converter), une température de bruit d'entrée inférieure à 150 ° K avec les nouveaux transistors HEMT (High electron mobility transistor) et trois étages d'emplifica- tion ;
  • - sur le HPA (High power amplifier) une puissance effective de 1 et 2 watt.
It also has many advantageous electrical characteristics:
  • - transmission / reception decoupling greater than 45 dB;
  • - on LNA (low noise amplifier) and LNC (low noise converter) circuits, an input noise temperature below 150 ° K with the new HEMT (High electron mobility transistor) transistors and three stages of use;
  • - on the HPA (High power amplifier) an effective power of 1 and 2 watt.

Elle présente, enfin, des caractéristiques thermiques avantageuses :

  • - évacuation des calories dissipées par convexion naturelle sur le corps à ailettes et par conduction sur le support d'excitation ou "bracon" porteur.
Finally, it has advantageous thermal characteristics:
  • - evacuation of the dissipated calories by natural convection on the finned body and by conduction on the excitation support or "bracon" carrier.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • - les figures 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 montrent respectivement
    • . une vue de face ;
    • . une de vue de profil selon la flèche Il de la figure 1 ;
    • . une vue en coupe selon III-III de la figure 1 ;
    • . une vue de dessus ;
    • . une vue de dessous,

    du boîtier de la tête hyperfréquence de l'invention.
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en coupe de la tête hyperfréquence de l'invention selon un plan vertical VI-VI de la figure 7 ;
  • - la figure 7 est une vue en coupe transversale de la tête hyperfréquence de l'invention selon VII-VII de la figure 6.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • - Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively show
    • . a front view;
    • . one in profile view according to arrow II in FIG. 1;
    • . a sectional view along III-III of Figure 1;
    • . a top view;
    • . a view from below,

    of the microwave head housing of the invention.
  • - Figure 6 is a sectional view of the microwave head of the invention according to a vertical plane VI-VI of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the microwave head of the invention according to VII-VII of FIG. 6.

La tête hyperfréquence selon l'invention comprend un boîtier illustré aux figures 1 à 5.The microwave head according to the invention comprises a box illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5.

Ce boîtier 10 de forme cylindrique ou semi-cylindrique est formé d'ailettes 11 concentriques, servant de radiateur, qui ont été usinées à une première extrémité 12 du boîtier 10 pour former trois méplats, les deux premiers 13, 14 au dessus et en dessous étant parallèles et le troisième 15 leur étant perpendiculaire.This housing 10 of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape is formed of concentric fins 11, serving as a radiator, which have been machined at a first end 12 of the housing 10 to form three flats, the first two 13, 14 above and below being parallel and the third 15 being perpendicular to them.

Ces trois méplats 13, 14, 15 sont creusés respectivement chacun d'une cavité oblongue 16, 17, 18.These three flats 13, 14, 15 are each hollowed out respectively with an oblong cavity 16, 17, 18.

Ces trois méplats comportent chacun des trous 19 permettant la fixation sur chacun d'eux d'un couvercle plan.These three flats each have holes 19 allowing the fixing on each of them of a flat cover.

Les trois cavités 16, 17, 18 comportent elles aussi des trous 20 permettant la fixation dans chacune d'elles d'un circuit.The three cavities 16, 17, 18 also have holes 20 allowing the fixing in each of them of a circuit.

La troisième cavité 18 est reliée aux deux autres par une succession d'orifices 21 parallèles, destinés à contenir des fils de liaisons entre les différents circuits.The third cavity 18 is connected to the other two by a succession of parallel orifices 21, intended to contain connection wires between the different circuits.

Ces trois cavités 16, 17, 18 communiquent respectivement avec la première extrémité 12 du boîtier 10 grâce à trois orifices 22, 23 et 24.These three cavities 16, 17, 18 communicate respectively with the first end 12 of the housing 10 through three orifices 22, 23 and 24.

Un alésage cylindrique longitudinal 25 est usiné dans ce boîtier pour déboucher à la seconde extrémité 26 de celui-ci de manière à former un premier guide en mode TE 11.A longitudinal cylindrical bore 25 is machined in this casing to open at the second end 26 thereof so as to form a first guide in TE 11 mode.

La première (16) et la seconde (17) cavité disposées de part et d'autre de cet alésage 25 communiquent avec celui-ci par l'intermédiaire respectivement d'un premier alésage transversal 27 de forme cylindrique et d'un second alésage 28 transversal de forme rectangulaire, partiellement refermé du côté du premier alésage longitudinal par un iris 29, de manière à former un guide rectangulaire en mode TE 10 à compensation par iris.The first (16) and the second (17) cavity disposed on either side of this bore 25 communicate with the latter via respectively a first transverse bore 27 of cylindrical shape and a second bore 28 transverse rectangular shape, partially closed on the side of the first longitudinal bore by an iris 29, so as to form a rectangular guide in TE 10 mode with iris compensation.

Une plaque de polarisation 31 coupe la première cavité dans un plan médian dans le sens longitudinal et elle est située entre le premier (27) et le second (28) alésage transversal. Cette plaque permet de court-circuiter celui des champs électriques qui lui est parallèle.A polarization plate 31 cuts the first cavity in a median plane in the longitudinal direction and it is located between the first (27) and the second (28) transverse bore. This plate makes it possible to short-circuit that of the electric fields which is parallel to it.

La tête selon l'invention est représentée aux figures 6 et 7, une fois montée.The head according to the invention is shown in Figures 6 and 7, once mounted.

Les trois cavités 16, 17 et 18 sont respectivement fermées, pour former des enceintes de blindage électro-magnétiques, par trois couvercles plans 35, 36 et 37 qui reposent sur les trois méplats 13, 14 et 15.The three cavities 16, 17 and 18 are respectively closed, to form electromagnetic shielding enclosures, by three flat covers 35, 36 and 37 which rest on the three flats 13, 14 and 15.

Dans chacune de ces cavités sont disposés respectivement :

  • - un circuit de réception 38 dans la première cavité 16 ;
  • - un circuit d'émission 39 dans la seconde cavité 17 ;
  • - un circuit d'alimentation 40 des deux autres circuits 37 et 38 dans la troisième cavité 18.
In each of these cavities are arranged respectively:
  • a reception circuit 38 in the first cavity 16;
  • - a transmission circuit 39 in the second cavity 17;
  • a supply circuit 40 for the two other circuits 37 and 38 in the third cavity 18.

Chacun de ces trois circuits est relié à une fiche fixée dans l'un des orifices 22, 23 et 24, les deux premières étant des fiches coaxiales 41 et 42, la troisième n'apparaissant pas sur les figures.Each of these three circuits is connected to a plug fixed in one of the orifices 22, 23 and 24, the first two being coaxial plugs 41 and 42, the third not appearing in the figures.

Le circuit de réception 38, par exemple de type LNC ("Low noise converter"), est un circuit d'amplification du signal réception comprenant une antenne 44 qui traverse le premier alésage transversal 27 de manière à être disposée, quant à sa partie réception proprement dite, dans l'alésage longitunal 25.The reception circuit 38, for example of the LNC ("Low noise converter") type, is an amplification circuit of the reception signal comprising a antenna 44 which passes through the first transverse bore 27 so as to be disposed, as for its reception part proper, in the longitudinal bore 25.

Le circuit d'émission 39, par exemple de type HPA ("high power amplifier"), est un circuit d'am- plication du signal émission comprenant une antenne 45 positionnée dans le deuxième alésage transversal 28. Ce circuit forme un obturateur dudit alésage transversal 28.The transmission circuit 39, for example of the HPA ("high power amplifier") type, is a circuit for amplifying the transmission signal comprising an antenna 45 positioned in the second transverse bore 28. This circuit forms a shutter of said bore transverse 28.

Le troisième circuit 40 permet de polariser en courant les composants des deux autres circuits 38 et 39, notamment leurs transistors, par l'intermédiaire de fils qui passent par les orifices 21.The third circuit 40 enables current components of the other two circuits 38 and 39, in particular their transistors, to be polarized by means of wires which pass through the orifices 21.

Sur la deuxième extrémité de ce boîtier 10 peut être montée un cornet d'excitation situé dans le prolongement de l'alésage longitudinal 25 de manière à compléter la tête hyperfréquence de l'invention, un tel cornet bien connu de l'homme de l'art n'étant pas représenté sur les figures.On the second end of this housing 10 can be mounted an excitation horn located in the extension of the longitudinal bore 25 so as to complete the microwave head of the invention, such a horn well known to those skilled in the art. art not shown in the figures.

Sur la face de chacun des circuits 38, 39, 40 située du côté du boîtier peut être disposée une semelle métallique servant de plan de masse.On the face of each of the circuits 38, 39, 40 located on the side of the housing can be arranged a metal sole serving as ground plane.

La tête hyperfréquence selon l'invention consiste donc en un système composite intégré d'émission et de réception à polarisations orthogonales ayant notamment les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • - une source dupléxée présentant un grand découplage (supérieur à 50 dB) par sa disposition composite (antenne coaxiale dans un guide cylindrique 25 en mode TE 11 et guide rectangulaire 28 à compensation par iris 29 en mode TE 10) ;
  • - un circuit 38 d'amplification réception se montant directement dans le corps de duplexeur en fonderie ; ce circuit 38 d'amplification réception étant muni d'une antenne 44 qui accède directement au guide cylindrique 25 ;
  • - un circuit 39 d'amplification émission se montant directement dans le corps du duplexeur en fonderie ; ce circuit 39 d'amplification émission, étant muni d'une antenne 45, formant l'obturateur du guide émission 28 et la transition guide-coaxial.
The microwave head according to the invention therefore consists of an integrated composite transmission and reception system with orthogonal polarizations having in particular the following characteristics:
  • a duplicated source having a large decoupling (greater than 50 dB) by its composite arrangement (coaxial antenna in a cylindrical guide 25 in TE 11 mode and rectangular guide 28 with iris compensation 29 in TE 10 mode);
  • - A reception amplification circuit 38 mounted directly in the body of the duplexer in the foundry; this reception amplification circuit 38 being provided with an antenna 44 which directly accesses the cylindrical guide 25;
  • - a transmission amplification circuit 39 mounted directly in the body of the foundry duplexer; this emission amplification circuit 39, being provided with an antenna 45, forming the shutter of the emission guide 28 and the guide-coaxial transition.

L'ensemble de la tête constitue un bloc étanche qui forme un radiateur calorifique monté à l'air libre ou en salle, au foyer d'une antenne parabolique ou off-set par l'intermédiaire d'une source circulaire bipolaire corrugée ou à pièges.The whole of the head constitutes a waterproof block which forms a heat radiator mounted in the open air or in the room, at the focus of a parabolic or off-set antenna by means of a corrugated or trapped bipolar circular source. .

L'invention concerne la disposition composite du duplexeur associée aux circuits d'amplication émission et réception, tout en servant de radiateur à l'énergie consommée sans pertes de liaison sur l'émission et une très faible température de bruit à la réception.The invention relates to the composite arrangement of the duplexer associated with the transmission and reception amplification circuits, while serving as a radiator for the energy consumed without loss of link on the transmission and a very low noise temperature at the reception.

Dans un exemple de réalisation la tête selon l'invention a les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • Dimensions physiques :
    • - longueur : 130 mm
    • - diamètre extérieur : 72 mm
    • - première cavité
      • . diamètre : 17,8 mm
      • . profondeur: 91 mm
    • - ouverture rectangulaire
      • . section transversale : 19 x 9,5 mm2
      • . profondeur : 22 mm
  • * matériaux employés :
    • - le boîtier 10 peut être usiné classiquement dans un métal, par exemple un alliage léger, ou moulé sous pression puis métallisé, par exemple un époxy métallisé ;
    • - les circuits peuvent être réalisés par exemple en duroïd ou en verre téflon de 0,254 mm d'épaisseur disposés sur une semelle métallique rigide d'épaisseur supérieure à 2 mm.
  • * Performances :
    • Elles sont réalisées, par exemple, dans les bandes de fréquence
      • - réception : 10,95 - 12,75 GHz
      • - émission : 14-14,5 GHz
In an exemplary embodiment, the head according to the invention has the following characteristics:
  • Physical dimensions:
    • - length: 130 mm
    • - outside diameter: 72 mm
    • - first cavity
      • . diameter: 17.8 mm
      • . depth: 91 mm
    • - rectangular opening
      • . cross section: 19 x 9.5 mm2
      • . depth: 22 mm
  • * materials used:
    • - The housing 10 can be conventionally machined from a metal, for example a light alloy, or die-cast then metallized, for example a metallized epoxy;
    • - The circuits can be made for example of duroid or Teflon glass 0.254 mm thick arranged on a rigid metal soleplate of thickness greater than 2 mm.
  • * Performances:
    • They are carried out, for example, in the frequency bands
      • - reception: 10.95 - 12.75 GHz
      • - transmission: 14-14.5 GHz

Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléménts équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown by way of a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi l'iris 29 qui permet l'adaptation entre le premier guide 25 et le second guide 28 peut être remplacé par un poteau.Thus the iris 29 which allows the adaptation between the first guide 25 and the second guide 28 can be replaced by a post.

Ainsi l'alésage longitudinal peut être carré ou rectangulaire : Il propage, dans ce cas aussi, un mode TE 11.Thus the longitudinal bore can be square or rectangular: It propagates, in this case too, a TE 11 mode.

Ainsi le second guide 28 peut être carré ou rectangulaire : il propage alors un mode TE 10, mais il peut être aussi circulaire : il propage alors un mode TE 11.Thus the second guide 28 can be square or rectangular: it then propagates a TE 10 mode, but it can also be circular: it then propagates a TE 11 mode.

Claims (7)

1. An orthogonal polarization duplex send-receive microwave head comprising an elongate housing (10) provided at one end (26) with a longitudinal bore (25) forming a first waveguide and with a transverse bore (28) forming a second waveguide opening out at its first end into the first waveguide, a receive antenna (44) which extends into said first waveguide at a location situated between the inside end of said first waveguide and the location at which said second waveguide (28) opens out therein, and a second antenna (45), which extends into the second waveguide (28) at its second end, characterized in that said second antenna (45) is a transmit antenna (45), each of said antennas being connected to respective coaxial accesses (41, 42); that a metal plate (31) is disposed longitudinally in the first waveguide between two transverse planes containing the two antennas (44, 45); that the housing having a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape is formed with concentric fins (11) serving as a radiator and machined at a first end (12) of the housing (10) to form three flats, the first two flats (13, 14) being disposed parallelly to the metal plate (31) on either side of the housing and the third flat (15) being perpendicular thereto; that said three flats (13, 14, 15) are provided each with an oblong cavity (16, 17, 18) for receiving a circuit, the third cavity (18) being connected to the other two ones via at least one orifice (21) containing link wires between the various circuits, said three cavities (16, 17, 18) respectively communicating with the first end (12) of the housing (10) via three orifices (22, 23, 24); and that the first and second cavities (16, 17) are disposed on either side of the longitudinal bore (25) and communicate therewith respectively via a first transverse bore (27) which is cylindrical in shape and via a second transverse bore constituting the second waveguide (28).
2. A microwave head according to claim 1, characterized in that each cavity (16, 17, 18) is closed by a respective plane cover (35, 36, 37).
3. A microwave head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal bore (25) forming the first waveguide is cylindrical so as to propagate in TE 11 mode.
4. A microwave head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second waveguide (28) is a rectangular waveguide compensated by an iris (29).
5. A microwave head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes:
- a receive circuit (38) situated in the first cavity (16);
- a transmit circuit (39) situated in the second cavity (17); and
- a power supply circuit (40) for the other two circuits (38 and 39) situated in the third cavity (18); each of said three circuits being connected to a connector, with the first and second connectors being coaxial connectors (41, 42).
6. A microwave head according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing is made of machined metal.
7. A microwave head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the housing is made of molded material having a metal deposit formed thereon.
EP88109666A 1987-06-18 1988-06-16 Microwave primary emitting-receiving duplexer-unit for orthogonaly polarised waves Expired - Lifetime EP0295688B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8708520 1987-06-18
FR8708520A FR2616974B1 (en) 1987-06-18 1987-06-18 DUPLEXED TRANSMISSION-RECEPTION HYPERFREQUENCY HEAD WITH ORTHOGONAL POLARIZATIONS
IN500DE1988 IN172418B (en) 1987-06-18 1988-06-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0295688A1 EP0295688A1 (en) 1988-12-21
EP0295688B1 true EP0295688B1 (en) 1992-12-23

Family

ID=26226042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109666A Expired - Lifetime EP0295688B1 (en) 1987-06-18 1988-06-16 Microwave primary emitting-receiving duplexer-unit for orthogonaly polarised waves

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4853657A (en)
EP (1) EP0295688B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1016126B (en)
AU (1) AU604917B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1293564C (en)
DE (1) DE3876862T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2616974B1 (en)
IN (1) IN172418B (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5255003B1 (en) * 1987-10-02 1995-05-16 Antenna Downlink Inc Multiple-frequency microwave feed assembly
US5187021A (en) * 1989-02-08 1993-02-16 Diamond Fiber Composites, Inc. Coated and whiskered fibers for use in composite materials
US5162808A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-11-10 Prodelin Corporation Antenna feed with selectable relative polarization
EP0552944B1 (en) * 1992-01-21 1997-03-19 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Waveguide to coaxial adaptor and converter for antenna for satellite broadcasting including such waveguide
JP3366031B2 (en) * 1992-11-26 2003-01-14 松下電器産業株式会社 Waveguide-microstrip converter
FR2779294A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-03 Thomson Multimedia Sa SIGNAL TRANSMISSION / RECEPTION DEVICE
US7102571B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2006-09-05 Kvh Industries, Inc. Offset stacked patch antenna and method
US6856300B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2005-02-15 Kvh Industries, Inc. Feed network and method for an offset stacked patch antenna array
US6967619B2 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-11-22 Kvh Industries, Inc. Low noise block
US6977614B2 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-12-20 Kvh Industries, Inc. Microstrip transition and network
WO2005076405A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-08-18 Kvh Industries, Inc. Microstrip transition and network
CN101807930A (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-18 华为技术有限公司 Base station radio frequency duplexer, radio frequency module and radio frequency system
US9742486B2 (en) 2014-11-05 2017-08-22 Viasat, Inc. High temperature operation of an airborne satellite terminal

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2810904A (en) * 1955-02-09 1957-10-22 Blitz Daniel Balanced detector
FR1130115A (en) * 1955-07-04 1957-01-31 Square Guide Resonant Directional Couplers
US2961618A (en) * 1957-06-12 1960-11-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Selective mode transducer
US3162828A (en) * 1961-03-02 1964-12-22 Avco Corp Cross-linear polarization system
US3086203A (en) * 1961-03-07 1963-04-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Communication system using polarized waves and employing concentric waveguides to control transmitter-receiver interaction
FR2502405A1 (en) * 1981-03-18 1982-09-24 Portenseigne SYSTEM FOR RECEIVING MICROWAVE SIGNALS WITH ORTHOGONAL POLARIZATIONS
DE3111106A1 (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-09-30 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisation filter
JPS5999801A (en) * 1982-11-30 1984-06-08 Toshiba Corp Microwave receiver
FR2591406B1 (en) * 1985-12-10 1989-01-13 Loire Electronique DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY RECEIVING TWO CIRCULAR POLARIZATION REVERSE CIRCULAR POLARIZATION SIGNALS
DE3634772A1 (en) * 1986-09-08 1988-03-17 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh ANTENNA EXTENSION FOR AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCY BANDS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4853657A (en) 1989-08-01
CA1293564C (en) 1991-12-24
CN1030162A (en) 1989-01-04
IN172418B (en) 1993-07-17
AU604917B2 (en) 1991-01-03
DE3876862T2 (en) 1993-04-29
AU1772488A (en) 1988-12-22
DE3876862D1 (en) 1993-02-04
CN1016126B (en) 1992-04-01
EP0295688A1 (en) 1988-12-21
FR2616974B1 (en) 1989-07-07
FR2616974A1 (en) 1988-12-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0295688B1 (en) Microwave primary emitting-receiving duplexer-unit for orthogonaly polarised waves
EP0108463B1 (en) Radiating element for cross-polarized microwave signals and planar antenna consisting of an array of such elements
US4527165A (en) Miniature horn antenna array for circular polarization
EP0228743A1 (en) Plane microwave antenna for the simultaneous reception of two polarizations
FR2668305A1 (en) DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A RADIANT ELEMENT OPERATING IN DOUBLE POLARIZATION.
CA2314826A1 (en) Stacked antenna with resonant structures and multifrequency radiocommunication device including this antenna
WO1997044851A1 (en) Waveguide-microstrip transmission line transition structure
EP0134611B1 (en) A flat microwave emitting or receiving antenna array, and microwave signal emitting or receiving system comprising a such flat antenna
FR2866480A1 (en) MULTIPOLARIZED COMPACT RADIATION DEVICE WITH ORTHOGONAL POWER SUPPLY BY SURFACE FIELD LINE (S)
CA1187572A (en) System for receiving orthogonally polarized microwave signals
US8390403B1 (en) Wideband ridged waveguide to diode detector transition
WO2000014825A9 (en) Antenna
EP0074295B1 (en) Passive microwave duplexer using semi-conductors
WO1998057391A1 (en) Integrated transmitter or receiver device
EP2263311A1 (en) Multi-source spatial power amplifier
EP0015838B1 (en) Wide-band hyperfrequency mixer
EP0377155A1 (en) Dual frequency radiating device
FR2598034A1 (en) HYPERFREQUENCY ROTATING JOINT DEVICE
FR2629271A1 (en) DEVICE FOR INTERCONNECTING AND PROTECTING A BULK MICROFREQUENCY COMPONENT BLEACH
FR2736212A1 (en) Microwave frequency coupler device esp. for dipole antenna
FR2529385A1 (en) MICROBOITIER FOR ENCAPSULATION OF LOGIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS OPERATING IN VERY HIGH FREQUENCY
EP0329050B1 (en) Electronic micro-circuit
FR2550891A1 (en) Mode separator for microwave reception system.
EP3035445B1 (en) Orthogonal mode junction coupler and associated polarization and frequency separator
FR2772189A1 (en) Coupling for wave guide to transmission line

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890605

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ALCATEL TRANSMISSION PAR FAISCEAUX HERTZIENS A.T.F

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910425

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ALCATEL TELSPACE

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3876862

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930204

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930112

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI S.P.A.

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19930422

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19930519

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19930521

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19930527

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19930630

Year of fee payment: 6

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940616

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19940617

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19950101

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88109666.3

Effective date: 19950110

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940616

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19950301

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88109666.3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050616