EP0292814B1 - Expansion and pressure control device for circulating flows of liquids - Google Patents

Expansion and pressure control device for circulating flows of liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0292814B1
EP0292814B1 EP88107742A EP88107742A EP0292814B1 EP 0292814 B1 EP0292814 B1 EP 0292814B1 EP 88107742 A EP88107742 A EP 88107742A EP 88107742 A EP88107742 A EP 88107742A EP 0292814 B1 EP0292814 B1 EP 0292814B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supply container
pressure
valve means
line
control unit
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EP88107742A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0292814A1 (en
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Hans-Friedrich Bernstein
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1083—Filling valves or arrangements for filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expansion and pressure maintaining device for circulating liquid flows according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a liquid degassing device in which a valve between a closed container and a feed line is designed as a solenoid valve and a valve between the closed container and a return line is designed as a check valve. Another solenoid valve is arranged between the closed container and an open reservoir. Another check valve is located between the pressure pump and the return line.
  • the system is now controlled by a control unit in such a way that liquid from a heating circuit is allowed to flow through the closed container, which is due to the pressure difference between the supply and return lines.
  • the solenoid valve between the flow and the closed container is closed and the solenoid valve between the closed container and the reservoir is opened suddenly, so that due to the pressure reduction in the closed container, gases dissolved in the liquid escape and together with a certain amount of liquid into the atmosphere or flow into the reservoir.
  • This device has been found to cause valve failures and pressure pump failures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is less susceptible to malfunction, especially at a higher temperature, where reevaporation effects are to be expected, offers greater operational reliability overall and is technically simplified.
  • the means (30) comprise a controllable three-way valve which in a first position the supply line with the container, in a second position the container with the reservoir and in a third position the reservoir with the Flow line connects.
  • the valve means in the line between the container and the return line are designed to be controllable in order to solve the task, specifically as mechanically controllable valves which can be actuated by the control unit via a common servomotor.
  • This design of the device on the one hand prevents loud pressure surges since mechanical valves can be operated at any speed.
  • backwashing can be carried out via the three-way valve, by means of which dirt can be removed and air separation processes can be accelerated.
  • valve means are designed as ball valves which can be adjusted without pressure surges when opening and closing via a common servomotor.
  • An appropriate arrangement can ensure particularly safe and maintenance-free operation.
  • a pressure sensor is preferably attached in the circuit, the output signals of which are fed to the control unit.
  • the control unit is designed in such a way that when a predetermined first pressure level is exceeded, the valve means allow liquid to flow from the circuit into the reservoir and, when the pressure falls below a predetermined second pressure, liquid from the reservoir via the pressure pump into the circuit.
  • a pressure expansion vessel can be saved, since an overpressure that occurs when heated is released into the reservoir. If the e.g. For a heating system of the prescribed pressure, liquid is fed into the circuit via the pressure pump until the prescribed pressure is reached again. It is thus saved in this embodiment of the invention by the existing means (valves, containers, pumps, etc.) a pressure expansion vessel without endangering the operational safety of the system. It is even the case that the pressure fluctuations (during heating and cooling) in the circuit can be reduced compared to a conventional system with a pressure expansion vessel (with gas cushion), since the pressure fluctuations can easily be minimized by a suitable choice of the first / second pressure level.
  • the device according to the invention is e.g. integrated in a heating system, which comprises a boiler 8, a flow line 1 with a circulating pump 3 therein and a return line 5, which is connected to the flow line 1 via a heat utilization system 4.
  • a line 9 leads from the feed line 1 via a dirt trap 29 to a first connection of a three-way valve 30.
  • a second connection of the three-way valve 30 leads via line 31a to a reservoir 28 open to the atmosphere, a third connection the three-way valve 30 is connected via a line 31 b to a closed container 22.
  • the return line 5 is also connected to the pressure vessel 22 via a line 10 with a pressure sensor 33 therein and a valve 32.
  • a line leads from the bottom of the reservoir 28 to the inlet of a pressure pump 25, the outlet of which is connected to the pressure tank 22 via a valve 34.
  • valves 30 and 32 are connected with their actuators to a common servomotor 49 which is controlled via an output of a control unit 47.
  • the control unit 47 is connected to the output of the pressure sensor 33 and also controls the valve 34.
  • the valve 34 is also operated via the servomotor 49.
  • the pressure pump 25 is connected via a line to an output of the control unit 47.
  • a minimum fill level sensor 36 is provided in the reservoir 28 at a point close to the ground and a maximum fill level sensor 37 is provided at a higher point, the outputs of which are connected via lines to inputs of the control unit 47.
  • a line 38 opens into the reservoir 28, via which fresh water (from the public water supply) can be supplied, it being possible to shut off the line 38 via valves 39, 41.
  • the valves 39 and 41 can also be controlled via the control unit 47.
  • a flow measuring element 40 is provided in the fresh water line 38, which emits signals to the control unit 47 corresponding to the amount of water flowing through the line 38 (per unit time).
  • an overflow 43 is provided which opens into a drain funnel 44 which is connected to a sewage pipe (not shown).
  • a cover 48 which is provided with thermal insulation (not shown), sits on the reservoir 28 (not pressure-tight).
  • the reservoir 28 itself is also provided on its outside with thermal insulation 46, while its inside is provided with an oxidation-resistant coating 45.
  • the pressure vessel 22 is also provided with a heat insulation layer 46 (on its outside).
  • control unit 47 is coupled with an output to a warning system, which is shown in the figure as a warning lamp 50.
  • the three-way valve 30 has (at least) three positions, with lines 9 and 31 b in position I, lines 31 a and 31 b in position II and lines 9 and 31 a with one another in position 111 are connectable.
  • control system 47 opens the valves 39, 41, 34 and 32 and brings the valve 30 into position 111.
  • the control unit 47 starts the pressure pump 25.
  • the pressure pump 25 constantly conveys fresh water to the circuit and at the same time fills the pressure vessel 22.
  • the control unit 47 closes the valves 39 and 41.
  • gas bubbles that may be circulating in the heating system are discharged into the reservoir 28. If during this process (which is carried out for a defined time) the liquid level in the reservoir 28 drops again to such an extent that the minimum fill level sensor 36 emits a signal to the control unit 47, the valves 39 and 41 are opened again in order to ensure sufficient To provide amount of liquid in the reservoir 28.
  • valve 30 is brought into its position I by the control unit 47 via a corresponding control of the servomotor 49.
  • the pump 25 continues to run until the pressure sensed by the sensor 33 has reached a predetermined value which corresponds to a desired pressure value in the system.
  • the valve 34 is closed and the pump 25 is deactivated.
  • the liquid contained in the heating system circulates through the pressure vessel 22 due to the action of the circulation pump 3 or the throttle effect in the heat utilization system 4.
  • the valve 32 is closed and the valve 30 in its position II brought.
  • the pressure inside the container 22, which was previously equal to the pressure in the heating system drops to atmospheric pressure.
  • gases are known to be more readily soluble in liquids at elevated pressure than at lower pressure, the gases contained in the liquid emerge and rise through line 31b-31a into reservoir 28 and out of it into the atmosphere. This degassing process is maintained over a defined period of time.
  • control unit 47 brings the three-way valve 30 back into its position I and opens (thereafter) the valve 32, so that the degassed liquid in the container 22 is replaced by liquid with a larger amount of dissolved gas.
  • the degassed liquid now flows through the pipe system of the heating system and picks up trapped gases.
  • a flow measuring element 40 is provided in the fresh water supply 38, the output signals of which are supplied to the control unit 47.
  • the control unit 47 there are now memories in which a (calculable) value is stored which represents the maximum filling quantity of the system. If a leak now occurs in the system, the pressure drops and liquid from the reservoir 28 is pumped in via the pressure pump 25 (with the valve 34 open). If, due to this suction from the reservoir 28, the level in the reservoir 28 falls below the level defined by the minimum fill level sensor 36, fresh water is supplied by opening the valves 39 and 41.
  • control unit 47 switches off the fresh water supply via the valves 39 and 41 and the feeding of liquid via the pressure pump 25 into the circuit line 2.
  • control unit 47 emits a warning signal, which indicates a leak, via the warning lamp 50.
  • the pressure in the container is reduced to normal pressure (light vacuum), e.g. Aspirate gases.
  • the injection nozzle can be fed with liquid from the line (9) via the valve (35).
  • the device according to the invention can be secured against excess pressure in the circuit 2 by an overflow valve (52).
  • the latter is preferably arranged between line (9) and reservoir (28).
  • the liquid inlet (38) is preferably at a significantly higher level than the overflow (43), e.g. 40 mm higher, so that pipe separation is ensured and liquid from (28) cannot get into the feed line if there is negative pressure in the feed (38).
  • the inlet can be calmed down by an inlet pipe (42) provided with a funnel, which leads to the bottom of the reservoir (28).
  • system can be used not only for heating circuits, but also for other hydraulic systems, in particular for systems in which ventilation and temperature-related pressure fluctuation problems can occur.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

1. Expansion and pressure maintenance apparatus for circulating fluid flows with a closed chamber (22) which can temporarily be brought into communication with a feed line (1) and a return line (5) via lines (9, 10) having valve means (30, 32), so that a portion of the fluid flow passes through the chamber (22), with a supply container (28) substantially open to the atmosphere, which can be temporarily brought into communication with the chamber (22) via a line (31a, 31b) having valve means (30), with a pressure pump (25) for supplying pressure-free fluid in the cycle (2) and with a control unit (47) for controlling the valve means (30, 32) and the pressure pump (25), characterized in that the valve means (30, 32) include a controllable three-way valve (30), which in a first position (I) connects the feed line (1) with the chamber (22), in a second position (II) connects the chamber (22) with the supply container (28) and in a third position (III) connects the supply container (28) with the feed line (1), that the valve means (32) in the line (10) between the container (22) and the return line (5) are controllable and that the valve means (30, 32) are configured as mechanically controllable valves which can be actuated by the control unit (47) via a servomotor (49).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ausdehnungs- und Druckhaltevorrichtung für zirkulierende Flüssigkeitsströme nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an expansion and pressure maintaining device for circulating liquid flows according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der EP-A -0 187 683 ist eine Flüssigkeits-Entgasungsvorrichtung bekannt, bei der ein Ventil zwischen einem geschlossenen Behälter und einer Vorlaufleitung als Magnetventil und ein zwischen dem geschlossenen Behälter und einer Rücklaufleitung angebrachtes Ventil als Rückschlagventil ausgebildet ist. Zwischen dem geschlossenen Behälter und einem offenen Vorhaltebecken ist ein weiteres Magnetventil angeordnet. Zwischen der Druckpumpe und der Rücklaufleitung liegt ein weiteres Rückschlagventil.From EP-A-0 187 683 a liquid degassing device is known in which a valve between a closed container and a feed line is designed as a solenoid valve and a valve between the closed container and a return line is designed as a check valve. Another solenoid valve is arranged between the closed container and an open reservoir. Another check valve is located between the pressure pump and the return line.

Die Anlage wird nun so von einer Steuereinheit gesteuert, daß man Flüssigkeit aus einem Heizkreislauf durch den geschlossenen Behälter fließen läßt, was durch die Druckdifferenz zwischen Vorlauf-und Rücklaufleitung geschieht. Nach einer bestimmten Zeitdauer wird das Magnetventil zwischen Vorlauf und geschlossenem Behälter geschlossen und das Magnetventil zwischen dem geschlossenen Behälter und dem Vorhaltebecken schlagartig geöffnet, so daß durch die Druckminderung im geschlossenen Behälter in der Flüssigkeit gelöste Gase austreten und zusammen mit einer gewissen Flüssigkeitsmenge in die Atmosphäre bzw. in das Vorhaltebecken abströmen.The system is now controlled by a control unit in such a way that liquid from a heating circuit is allowed to flow through the closed container, which is due to the pressure difference between the supply and return lines. After a certain period of time, the solenoid valve between the flow and the closed container is closed and the solenoid valve between the closed container and the reservoir is opened suddenly, so that due to the pressure reduction in the closed container, gases dissolved in the liquid escape and together with a certain amount of liquid into the atmosphere or flow into the reservoir.

Bei dieser Vorrichtung wurde festgestellt, daß es zu Ausfällen der Ventile und zu Störungen an der Druckpumpe kommt.This device has been found to cause valve failures and pressure pump failures.

Ausgehend vom oben genannten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die weniger störungsanfällig ist, insbesondere bei höherer Temperatur, wo mit Nachverdampfungseffekten zu rechnen ist, insgesamt größere Betriebssicherheit bietet und technisch vereinfacht ist.Starting from the above-mentioned prior art, the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is less susceptible to malfunction, especially at a higher temperature, where reevaporation effects are to be expected, offers greater operational reliability overall and is technically simplified.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Mittel (30) ein steuerbares Drei-Wege-Ventil umfassen, das in einer ersten Stellung die Vorlaufleitung mit dem Behälter, in einer zweiten Stellung den Behälter mit dem Vorhaltebecken und in einer dritten Stellung das Vorhaltebecken mit der Vorlaufleitung verbindet. Weiterhin sind die Ventilmittel in der Leitung zwischen Behälter und Rücklaufleitung zur Lösung der Aufgabe steuerbar ausgebildet und zwar als mechanisch steuerbare Ventile, die von der Steuereinheit über einen gemeinsamen Stellmotor betätigbar sind.This object is achieved in that the means (30) comprise a controllable three-way valve which in a first position the supply line with the container, in a second position the container with the reservoir and in a third position the reservoir with the Flow line connects. Furthermore, the valve means in the line between the container and the return line are designed to be controllable in order to solve the task, specifically as mechanically controllable valves which can be actuated by the control unit via a common servomotor.

Durch diese Ausbildung der Vorrichtung können zum einen laute Druckstöße vermieden werden, da mechanische Ventile mit beliebiger Geschwindigkeit betätigbar sind. Darüber hinaus kann über das Drei-Wege-Ventil eine Rückspülung erfolgen, mittels derer Verschmutzungen beseitigt und Luftabscheidungsprozesse beschleunigt werden können.This design of the device on the one hand prevents loud pressure surges since mechanical valves can be operated at any speed. In addition, backwashing can be carried out via the three-way valve, by means of which dirt can be removed and air separation processes can be accelerated.

Die Vorrichtung ist dann besonders einfach, wenn die Ventilmittel als Kugelventile ausgebildet sind, die über einen gemeinsamen Stellmotor beim Öffnen und Schließen druckstoßfrei einstellbar sind. Durch eine entsprechende Anordnung kann hierbei ein besonders sicherer und wartungsfreier Betrieb gewährleistet werden.The device is particularly simple if the valve means are designed as ball valves which can be adjusted without pressure surges when opening and closing via a common servomotor. An appropriate arrangement can ensure particularly safe and maintenance-free operation.

Vorzugsweise ist im Kreislauf ein Druckfühler angebracht, dessen Ausgangssignale der Steuereinheit zugeführt werden. Die Steuereinheit ist hierbei derart ausgebildet, daß bei Überschreiten eines vorbestimmten ersten Druckpegels die Ventilmittel Flüssigkeit aus dem Kreislauf in das Vorhaltebecken und bei Unterschreiten eines vorbestimmten zweiten Druckpegels Flüssigkeit aus dem Vorhaltebecken über die Druckpumpe in den Kreislauf strömen lassen. Auf diese Weise läßt sich ein Druckausdehnungsgefäß einsparen, da ein bei Erwärmung auftretender Überdruck in das Vorhaltebecken abgelassen wird. Bei Unterschreiten des z.B. für eine Heizanlage vorgeschriebenen Druckes wird über die Druckpumpe Flüssigkeit in den Kreislauf nachgefördert, bis der vorgeschriebene Druck wieder erreicht ist. Es wird also bei dieser Ausbildung der Erfindung durch die bereits vorhandenen Mittel (Ventile, Behälter, Pumpe, usw.) ein Druckausdehnungsgefäß eingespart, ohne daß die Betriebssicherheit der Anlage gefährdet wird. Es ist sogar so, daß die Druckschwankungen (bei Erwärmen und Abkühlen) im Kreislauf gegenüber einer konventionellen Anlage mit Druckausdehnungsgefäß (mit Gaspolster) vermindert werden können, da die Druckschwankungen über eine geeignete Wahl des ersten/zweiten Druckpegels leicht minimalisiert werden können.A pressure sensor is preferably attached in the circuit, the output signals of which are fed to the control unit. The control unit is designed in such a way that when a predetermined first pressure level is exceeded, the valve means allow liquid to flow from the circuit into the reservoir and, when the pressure falls below a predetermined second pressure, liquid from the reservoir via the pressure pump into the circuit. In this way, a pressure expansion vessel can be saved, since an overpressure that occurs when heated is released into the reservoir. If the e.g. For a heating system of the prescribed pressure, liquid is fed into the circuit via the pressure pump until the prescribed pressure is reached again. It is thus saved in this embodiment of the invention by the existing means (valves, containers, pumps, etc.) a pressure expansion vessel without endangering the operational safety of the system. It is even the case that the pressure fluctuations (during heating and cooling) in the circuit can be reduced compared to a conventional system with a pressure expansion vessel (with gas cushion), since the pressure fluctuations can easily be minimized by a suitable choice of the first / second pressure level.

Weitere erfindungswesentliche Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, die anhand der beiliegenden Abbildungen näher beschrieben wird.Further features of the present invention which are essential to the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is described in more detail with reference to the attached figures.

Wie aus der Abbildung 1 hervorgeht, wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung z.B. in eine Heizungsanlage eingebunden, die einen Heizkessel 8, eine Vorlaufleitung 1 mit darin befindlicher Umwälzpumpe 3 und eine Rücklaufleitung 5 umfaßt, welche mit der Vorlaufleitung 1 über ein Wärmenutzungssystem 4 verbunden ist.As can be seen from Figure 1, the device according to the invention is e.g. integrated in a heating system, which comprises a boiler 8, a flow line 1 with a circulating pump 3 therein and a return line 5, which is connected to the flow line 1 via a heat utilization system 4.

Von der Vorlaufleitung 1 führt eine Leitung 9 über einen Schmutzfänger 29 zu einem ersten Anschluß eines Drei-Wege-Ventils 30. Ein zweiter Anschluß des Drei-Wege-Ventils 30 führt über eine Leitung 31a zu einem zur Atmosphäre geöffneten Vorhaltebecken 28, ein dritter Anschluß des DreiWege-Ventils 30 ist über eine Leitung 31 b mit einem geschlossenen Behälter 22 verbunden. Die Rücklaufleitung 5 ist über eine Leitung 10 mit einem darin befindlichen Druckfühler 33 und einem Ventil 32 ebenfalls mit dem Druckbehälter 22 verbunden.A line 9 leads from the feed line 1 via a dirt trap 29 to a first connection of a three-way valve 30. A second connection of the three-way valve 30 leads via line 31a to a reservoir 28 open to the atmosphere, a third connection the three-way valve 30 is connected via a line 31 b to a closed container 22. The return line 5 is also connected to the pressure vessel 22 via a line 10 with a pressure sensor 33 therein and a valve 32.

Vom Boden des Vorhaltebeckens 28 führt eine Leitung zum Eingang einer Druckpumpe 25, deren Ausgang über ein Ventil 34 mit dem Druckbehälter 22 verbunden ist.A line leads from the bottom of the reservoir 28 to the inlet of a pressure pump 25, the outlet of which is connected to the pressure tank 22 via a valve 34.

Die Ventile 30 und 32 sind mit ihren Stellorganen mit einem gemeinsamen Stellmotor 49 verbunden, der über einen Ausgang einer Steuereinheit 47 angesteuert wird. Die Steuereinheit 47 ist mit dem Ausgang des Drucksensors 33 verbunden und steuert außerdem das Ventil 34 an. Bei einer anderen, hier nicht in der Abbildung dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Ventil 34 ebenfalls über den Stellmotor 49 betätigt.The valves 30 and 32 are connected with their actuators to a common servomotor 49 which is controlled via an output of a control unit 47. The control unit 47 is connected to the output of the pressure sensor 33 and also controls the valve 34. Another Ren, not shown in the figure preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve 34 is also operated via the servomotor 49.

Die Druckpumpe 25 steht über eine Leitung mit einem Ausgang der Steuereinheit 47 in Verbindung.The pressure pump 25 is connected via a line to an output of the control unit 47.

Im Vorhaltebecken 28 sind an einem bodennahen Punkt ein Minimal-Füllstandssensor 36 und an einem höher gelegenen Punkt ein Maximal-Füllstandssensor 37 vorgesehen, deren Ausgänge über Leitungen mit Eingängen der Steuereinheit 47 verbunden sind. In das Vorhaltebecken 28 mündet eine Leitung 38, über welche Frischwasser (aus der öffentlichen Wasserversorgung) zuführbar ist, wobei ein Absperren der Leitung 38 über Ventile 39, 41 möglich ist. Die Ventile 39 und 41 sind ebenfalls über die Steuereinheit 47 steuerbar. Weiterhin ist in der Frischwasserleitung 38 ein Durchflußmeßorgan 40 vorgesehen, das Signale entsprechend der durch die Leitung 38 strömenden Wassermenge (pro Zeiteinheit) an die Steuereinheit 47 abgibt.A minimum fill level sensor 36 is provided in the reservoir 28 at a point close to the ground and a maximum fill level sensor 37 is provided at a higher point, the outputs of which are connected via lines to inputs of the control unit 47. A line 38 opens into the reservoir 28, via which fresh water (from the public water supply) can be supplied, it being possible to shut off the line 38 via valves 39, 41. The valves 39 and 41 can also be controlled via the control unit 47. Furthermore, a flow measuring element 40 is provided in the fresh water line 38, which emits signals to the control unit 47 corresponding to the amount of water flowing through the line 38 (per unit time).

An einer randnahen Stelle des Vorhaltebeckens 28 ist ein Überlauf 43 vorgesehen, der in einen Ablauftrichter 44 mündet, welcher mit einer Abwasserleitung (nicht gezeigt) verbunden ist.At an edge of the reservoir 28 near the edge, an overflow 43 is provided which opens into a drain funnel 44 which is connected to a sewage pipe (not shown).

Auf dem Vorhaltebecken 28 sitzt (nicht druckdicht) eine Abdeckhaube 48, die mit einer Wärme-isolierung (nicht gezeigt) versehen ist. Das Vorhaltebecken 28 selbst ist ebenfalls an seiner Außenseite mit einer Wärme-Isolierung 46 versehen, während seine Innenseite mit einer oxidationsfesten Beschichtung 45 versehen ist.A cover 48, which is provided with thermal insulation (not shown), sits on the reservoir 28 (not pressure-tight). The reservoir 28 itself is also provided on its outside with thermal insulation 46, while its inside is provided with an oxidation-resistant coating 45.

Der Druckbehälter 22 ist ebenfalls mit einer Wärme-Isolierschicht 46 (an seiner Außenseite) versehen.The pressure vessel 22 is also provided with a heat insulation layer 46 (on its outside).

Weiterhin ist die Steuereinheit 47 mit einem Ausgang an eine Warnanlage gekoppelt, die in der Abbildung als Warnlampe 50 dargestellt ist.Furthermore, the control unit 47 is coupled with an output to a warning system, which is shown in the figure as a warning lamp 50.

Das Drei-Wege-Ventil 30 weist (mindestens) drei Stellungen auf, wobei in der Stellung I die Leitungen 9 und 31 b, in der Stellung II die Leitungen 31 a und 31 b und in der Stellung 111 die Leitungen 9 und 31 a miteinander verbindbar sind.The three-way valve 30 has (at least) three positions, with lines 9 and 31 b in position I, lines 31 a and 31 b in position II and lines 9 and 31 a with one another in position 111 are connectable.

Im folgenden wird nun die Funktionsweise der Vorrichtung gemäß dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung näher beschrieben.The operation of the device according to this preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail below.

Beim Inbetriebnehmen der Anlage, wenn diese also erstmalig mit Flüssigkeit (Wasser, Sohle) befüllt wird, öffnet die Steueranlage 47 die Ventile 39, 41, 34 und 32 und bringt das Ventil 30 in die Stellung 111.When the system is started up, ie when it is filled with liquid (water, sole) for the first time, the control system 47 opens the valves 39, 41, 34 and 32 and brings the valve 30 into position 111.

Sobald der Flüssigkeitspegel im Vorhaltebecken 28 aufgrund der Frischwasserzufuhr ein Ausgangssignal im Minimal-Füllstandssensor 36 bewirkt, setzt die Steuereinheit 47 die Druckpumpe 25 in Betrieb. Die Druckpumpe 25 fördert ständig neu zuströmendes Frischwasser in den Kreislauf und befüllt hierbei gleichzeitig den Druckbehälter 22.As soon as the liquid level in the reservoir 28 causes an output signal in the minimum fill level sensor 36 due to the fresh water supply, the control unit 47 starts the pressure pump 25. The pressure pump 25 constantly conveys fresh water to the circuit and at the same time fills the pressure vessel 22.

Sobald der Kreislauf im wesentlichen voll ist, steigt der Flüssigkeitspegel im Vorhaltebecken 28, da Frischwasser aus dem Vorlauf 1 über die Leitung 9 und das Ventil 30 durch die Leitung 31a in das Vorhaltebecken 28 zurückströmt. Sobald der Flüssigkeitsstand im Vorhaltebecken 28 ein Ausgangssignal des Maximal-Füllstandssensors 37 erregt, schließt die Steuereinheit 47 die Ventile 39 und 41. Durch das weitere Durchpumpen von Flüssigkeit werden gegebenenfalls im Heizungssystem mitzirkulierende Gasblasen in das Vorhaltebecken 28 abgeführt. Falls während dieses Vorganges (der eine definierte Zeit lang durchgeführt wird) der Flüssigkeitspegel im Vorhaltebecken 28 wieder so weit absinkt, daß der Minimal-Füllstandssensor 36 ein Signal an die Steuereinheit 47 abgibt, werden die Ventile 39 und 41 nochmals geöffnet, um für eine hinreichende Flüssigkeitsmenge im Vorhaltebecken 28 zu sorgen.As soon as the circuit is essentially full, the liquid level in the reservoir 28 rises, since fresh water from the inlet 1 flows back via line 9 and the valve 30 through line 31a into the reservoir 28. As soon as the liquid level in the reservoir 28 excites an output signal from the maximum fill level sensor 37, the control unit 47 closes the valves 39 and 41. By further pumping liquid, gas bubbles that may be circulating in the heating system are discharged into the reservoir 28. If during this process (which is carried out for a defined time) the liquid level in the reservoir 28 drops again to such an extent that the minimum fill level sensor 36 emits a signal to the control unit 47, the valves 39 and 41 are opened again in order to ensure sufficient To provide amount of liquid in the reservoir 28.

Nachdem der Befüllungsvorgang in der beschriebenen Art und Weise eine definierte Zeitspanne angedauert hat, wird das Ventil 30 über eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Stellmotors 49 durch die Steuereinheit 47 in seine Stellung I gebracht. Die Pumpe 25 läuft solange weiter, bis der vom Fühler 33 abgetastete Druck einen vorbestimmten Wert erreicht hat, der einem Soll-Druckwert im System entspricht.After the filling process has lasted a defined period of time in the manner described, the valve 30 is brought into its position I by the control unit 47 via a corresponding control of the servomotor 49. The pump 25 continues to run until the pressure sensed by the sensor 33 has reached a predetermined value which corresponds to a desired pressure value in the system.

Sobald der Soll-Druckwert im System erreicht ist, wird das Ventil 34 geschlossen und die Pumpe 25 außer Betrieb gesetzt. In diesem Zustand zirkuliert nun die in der Heizungsanlage enthaltene Flüssigkeit durch den Druckbehälter 22 aufgrund der Wirkung der Umwälzpumpe 3 bzw. der Drossel wirkung im Wärmenutzungssystem 4. Nach einer in der Steuereinheit 47 gespeicherten Zeitspanne wird das Ventil 32 geschlossen und das Ventil 30 in seine Stellung II gebracht. Dadurch fällt der Druck im Inneren des Behälters 22, der zuvor gleich dem Druck im Heizungssystem war, auf Atmosphärendruck ab. Nachdem nun bekanntlich Gase bei erhöhtem Druck in Flüssigkeiten leichter löslich sind als bei niedrigerem Druck, treten die in der Flüssigkeit enthaltenen Gase aus und steigen durch die Leitung 31 b-31 a in das Vorhaltebecken 28 und aus diesem in die Atmosphäre auf. Dieser Entgasungsvorgang wird über eine definierte Zeitspanne hinweg aufrechterhalten. Danach bringt die Steuereinheit 47 das Drei-Wege-Ventil 30 wieder in seine Stellung I und öffnet (danach) das Ventil 32, so daß die entgaste Flüssigkeit im Behälter 22 durch Flüssigkeit mit einer größeren gelösten Gasmenge ersetzt wird. Die entgaste Flüssigkeit strömt nun durch das Rohrleitungssystem der Heizanlage und nimmt dort gefangene Gase auf.As soon as the desired pressure value is reached in the system, the valve 34 is closed and the pump 25 is deactivated. In this state, the liquid contained in the heating system circulates through the pressure vessel 22 due to the action of the circulation pump 3 or the throttle effect in the heat utilization system 4. After a period of time stored in the control unit 47, the valve 32 is closed and the valve 30 in its position II brought. As a result, the pressure inside the container 22, which was previously equal to the pressure in the heating system, drops to atmospheric pressure. Now that gases are known to be more readily soluble in liquids at elevated pressure than at lower pressure, the gases contained in the liquid emerge and rise through line 31b-31a into reservoir 28 and out of it into the atmosphere. This degassing process is maintained over a defined period of time. Thereafter, the control unit 47 brings the three-way valve 30 back into its position I and opens (thereafter) the valve 32, so that the degassed liquid in the container 22 is replaced by liquid with a larger amount of dissolved gas. The degassed liquid now flows through the pipe system of the heating system and picks up trapped gases.

Nach einer definierten Zeitspanne, die ebenfalls in der Steuereinheit 47 vorprogrammiert ist, wird der soeben beschriebene Entgasungsvorgang wiederholt. Durch diese Art der Steuerung ist eine vollständige Entgasung der im Heizungssystem enthaltenen Flüssigkeit möglich.After a defined period of time, which is also preprogrammed in the control unit 47, the degassing process just described is repeated. This type of control enables complete degassing of the liquid contained in the heating system.

Fällt während des Durchströmens des Druckbehälters 22 (Ventil 30 in Stellung I; Ventil 32 geöffnet) der Druck in der Leitung 10 und damit der Druck im Heizungssystem unter den vorbestimmten Wert (siehe oben) ab, so wird eine Druckpumpe 25 in Gang gesetzt und das Ventil 34 geöffnet. Dadurch wird Flüssigkeit in das Heizungssystem nachgefördert, bis der Solldruck wieder erreicht ist. Dies ist z.B. dann der Fall, wenn die Heizung auf niedriger Temperatur gefahren wird.If the pressure in the line 10 and thus the pressure in the heating system falls below the predetermined value (see above) during the flow through the pressure container 22 (valve 30 in position I; valve 32 open), a pressure pump 25 is started and that Valve 34 opened. As a result, liquid is fed into the heating system until the target pressure is reached again. This is e.g. the case when the heating is operated at low temperature.

Wenn andererseits der Druck am Fühler 33 den gespeicherten Maximalwert übersteigt, so wird das Ventil 30 in seine Stellung II gebracht, bis der Druck im System wieder seinen Sollwert erreicht hat. Danach verläuft der Vorgang wie oben beschrieben.On the other hand, if the pressure at the sensor 33 exceeds the stored maximum value, the valve 30 is brought into its position II until the Pressure in the system has reached its setpoint again. Then the process proceeds as described above.

Wie eingangs beschrieben, ist in der Frischwasserzufuhr 38 ein Durchflußmeßorgan 40 vorgesehen, dessen Ausgangssignale der Steuereinheit 47 zugeführt werden. In der Steuereinheit 47 sind nun Speicher vorgesehen, in denen ein (errechenbarer) Wert gespeichert ist, welcher die Maximalfüllmenge der Anlage repräsentiert. Tritt nun ein Leck in der Anlage auf, so sinkt der Druck und Flüssigkeit aus dem Vorhaltebecken 28 wird über die Druckpumpe 25 (bei geöffnetem Ventil 34) nachgefördert. Unterschreitet durch dieses Absaugen aus dem Vorhaltebecken 28 der Pegel im Vorhaltebecken 28 den durch den Minimalfüllstandssensor 36 definierten Pegel, so wird Frischwasser durch Öffnen der Ventile 39 und 41 zugeführt. Wenn aber die zugeführte Menge den gespeicherten Grenzwert überschreitet, so kann dadurch das oben erwähnte Leck detektiert werden, woraufhin die Steuereinheit 47 die Frischwasserzufuhr über die Ventile 39 und 41 und das Einspeisen von Flüssigkeit über die Druckpumpe 25 in die Kreislaufleitung 2 abstellt. Darüber hinaus gibt die Steuereinheit 47 über die Warnlampe 50 ein Wamsignal ab, das ein Leck anzeigt.As described in the introduction, a flow measuring element 40 is provided in the fresh water supply 38, the output signals of which are supplied to the control unit 47. In the control unit 47 there are now memories in which a (calculable) value is stored which represents the maximum filling quantity of the system. If a leak now occurs in the system, the pressure drops and liquid from the reservoir 28 is pumped in via the pressure pump 25 (with the valve 34 open). If, due to this suction from the reservoir 28, the level in the reservoir 28 falls below the level defined by the minimum fill level sensor 36, fresh water is supplied by opening the valves 39 and 41. However, if the quantity supplied exceeds the stored limit value, the above-mentioned leak can be detected, whereupon the control unit 47 switches off the fresh water supply via the valves 39 and 41 and the feeding of liquid via the pressure pump 25 into the circuit line 2. In addition, the control unit 47 emits a warning signal, which indicates a leak, via the warning lamp 50.

Über das Drei-Wege-Ventil 30 ist in dessen Stellung I bei geschlossenem Ventil 32 und geöffnetem Ventil 34 ein Rückspülen durch das Ventil 30 in dessen Stellung I möglich, wenn von der Leitung 9 eine Leitung mit Absperrventil (steuerbar durch die Steuereinheit 47) zum Vorhaltebecken 28 führt. Diese bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Abbildung mit unterbrochenen Linien angedeutet. Durch dieses Rückspülen kann einer Verschmutzung des Ventils 30 durch Ablagerungen vorgebeugt werden, welche aus der Kreislaufleitung 2 aufgrund dort auftretender Oxidation oder dergleichen in die Leitung 9 gelangen können und nicht vom Schmutzfänger 29 aufgefangen werden. Bringt man die Einlauföffnung aus dem Vorhaltebecken 28 zur Druckpumpe 25 in einer hinreichenden Höhe über dem Boden des Vorhaltebeckens 28 an, so kann der rückgespülte Schmutz im Vorhaltebecken 28 sedimentieren.Via the three-way valve 30 in its I position with the valve 32 closed and the valve 34 open, backwashing through the valve 30 in its I position is possible if from the line 9 a line with a shut-off valve (controllable by the control unit 47) Reservoir 28 leads. This preferred embodiment of the invention is indicated in the accompanying figure with broken lines. This backwashing prevents contamination of the valve 30 by deposits which can get into the line 9 from the circuit line 2 due to oxidation or the like occurring there and are not caught by the dirt trap 29. If the inlet opening from the reservoir 28 to the pressure pump 25 is installed at a sufficient height above the bottom of the reservoir 28, the backwashed dirt can sediment in the reservoir 28.

Ein Entleeren der Kreislaufleitung 2 durch die Einlaufleitung 9 und die Leitung 31 a bei Stellung 111 des Ventiles 30 und weiterhin durch das Vorhaltebecken 28 über den Überlauf 43 in den Sammeltrichter 44 ist ebenfalls möglich, wenn man die Anlage an einem relativ zum Kreislauf 2 niedrigen Punkt anbringt.Emptying the circuit line 2 through the inlet line 9 and the line 31 a at position 111 of the valve 30 and further through the reservoir 28 via the overflow 43 into the collecting funnel 44 is also possible if the system is at a point that is low relative to the circuit 2 attaches.

Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, kann durch eine in die Leitung (31) eingebaute und in Richtung Vorhaltebecken (28) arbeitende Injektionsdüse (51), die z.B. nach dem Wasserstrahlpumpenprinzip arbeitet, der Druck im Behälter unter Normaldruck (leichtes Vakuum) erniedrigt werden, um z.B. Gase abzusaugen. Die Injektionsdüse kann über das Ventil (35) mit Flüssigkeit aus der Leitung (9) gespeist werden.As shown in Fig. 2, by an injection nozzle (51) built into the line (31) and working in the direction of the reservoir (28), e.g. works according to the water jet pump principle, the pressure in the container is reduced to normal pressure (light vacuum), e.g. Aspirate gases. The injection nozzle can be fed with liquid from the line (9) via the valve (35).

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann gegen Überdruck im Kreislauf 2 durch ein Uberströmventil (52) gesichert werden. Letzteres wird vorzugsweise zwischen Leitung (9) und Vorhaltebecken (28) angeordnet. Der Flüssigkeitszulauf (38) liegt vorzugsweise auf einem deutlich höheren Niveau als der Uberlauf (43), z.B. 40 mm höher, so daß eine Rohrtrennung gewährleistet ist und bei Unterdruck im Zulauf (38) Flüssigkeits aus (28) nicht in die Zulaufleitung gelangen kann.The device according to the invention can be secured against excess pressure in the circuit 2 by an overflow valve (52). The latter is preferably arranged between line (9) and reservoir (28). The liquid inlet (38) is preferably at a significantly higher level than the overflow (43), e.g. 40 mm higher, so that pipe separation is ensured and liquid from (28) cannot get into the feed line if there is negative pressure in the feed (38).

Der Zulauf kann durch ein mit Trichter versehenes Zulaufrohr (42), das zum Boden des Vorhaltebeckens (28) führt, beruhigt werden.The inlet can be calmed down by an inlet pipe (42) provided with a funnel, which leads to the bottom of the reservoir (28).

Weiterhin kann die Anlage nicht nur für Heizungskreisläufe, sondern auch für andere hydraulische Systeme verwendet werden, insbesondere für Systeme, in denen entlüftungs- und temperaturbedingte Druckschwankungsprobleme auftreten können.Furthermore, the system can be used not only for heating circuits, but also for other hydraulic systems, in particular for systems in which ventilation and temperature-related pressure fluctuation problems can occur.

Claims (11)

1. Expansion and pressure maintenance apparatus for circulating fluid flows with a closed chamber (22) which can temporarily be brought into communication with a feed line (1) and a return line (5) via lines (9, 10) having valve means (30, 32), so that a portion of the fluid flow passes through the chamber (22), with a supply container (28) substantially open to the atmosphere, which can be temporarily brought into communication with the chamber (22) via a line (31 a, 31 b) having valve means (30), with a pressure pump (25) for supplying pressure-free fluid in the cycle (2) and with a control unit (47) for controlling the valve means (30, 32) and the pressure pump (25), characterized in that the valve means (30, 32) include a controllable three-way valve (30), which in a first position (I) connects the feed line (1) with the chamber (22), in a second position (II) connects the chamber (22) with the supply container (28) and in a third position (III) connects the supply container (28) with the feed line (1), that the valve means (32) in the line (10) between the container (22) and the return line (5) are controllable and that the valve means (30, 32) are configured as mechanically controllable valves which can be actuated by the control unit (47) via a servomotor (49).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve means (30, 32) comprise ball valves which are adjustable free of pressure impact when opening and closing by a (common) servomotor (49).
3. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure sensor (33) is arranged in the cycle (2) whose output signals are fed to the control unit (47) and that the control system (47) is so configured that when exceeding a predetermined first pressure level, the valve means (30, 32) allow fluid flow from the cycle (2) into the supply container (28) and when going below a predetermined second pressure level, allow fluid flow out of the supply container (28) into the cycle (2) via the pressure pump (25) and a valve (34).
4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve means (30, 32) close the connection between the chamber (22) and the supply container (28) at a temperature of more than 95°C in the cycle (2) (when water circulates in the cycle (2)) and prevents a postvaporiza- tion.
5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one continuously rotates the ball valve (30) several times, so that when changing from the position (II) to the position (I), the position (III) is always passed over and fluid is let out of the cycle (2) into the supply container (28).
6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fluid spray nozzle (51) is provided in the line (31 b; a) between the chamber (22) and the supply container (28), said nozzle being connectable to the line (9) through a valve (35), which comes from the feed line (1), and said nozzle being directed toward the supply container (28).
7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a minimal fill level sensor (36) is provided in the supply container (28), which when going below a minimal level in the supply container (28) gives an output signal to the control unit (47) and it supplies an opening signal to the valve means (39, 41), which are arranged in a fluid input (38) joining into the supply container (28) and/or that the control unit (47) when going below a minimal lever, shuts off a possible momentarily present energy supply to the pressure pump (25).
8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply container (28) is provided with a heat insulating layer (46) and a cover (48) having a heat insulating layer and has an oxidation-resistant coating (45) on its inner side.
9. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply container (28) is provided with an overflow (43) which joins into a collector funnel (44) having a drainage connection.
10. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that a flow metering organ (40) is provided in the fluid input (38), whose output signal is fed to the control unit (47) and that the control unit (47) is so configured and connected to a warning indicator (50), that when exceeding a predetermined fluid amount, a warning signal is given off and/or the flow input is blocked (valves 39, 41).
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the flow input into the supply container (28) is fed to the floor of the supply container (28) by an input tube (42) provided with a funnel.
EP88107742A 1987-05-15 1988-05-13 Expansion and pressure control device for circulating flows of liquids Expired - Lifetime EP0292814B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88107742T ATE50050T1 (en) 1987-05-15 1988-05-13 EXPANSION AND PRESSURIZATION DEVICE FOR CIRCULATION FLOW OF FLUID.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873716396 DE3716396A1 (en) 1987-05-15 1987-05-15 EXPANSION AND PRESSURE HOLDING DEVICE FOR CIRCULATING LIQUID FLOWS
DE3716396 1987-05-15

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EP0292814A1 EP0292814A1 (en) 1988-11-30
EP0292814B1 true EP0292814B1 (en) 1990-01-31

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AT (1) ATE50050T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3716396A1 (en)

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EP2944884B1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2016-05-04 Airaga Rubinetterie S.P.A. Three-way ball valve
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Also Published As

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EP0292814A1 (en) 1988-11-30
DE3860032D1 (en) 1990-03-08
ATE50050T1 (en) 1990-02-15
DE3716396A1 (en) 1988-12-15

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