EP0291938B1 - Apparatus for hydraulic expansion - Google Patents

Apparatus for hydraulic expansion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291938B1
EP0291938B1 EP88107911A EP88107911A EP0291938B1 EP 0291938 B1 EP0291938 B1 EP 0291938B1 EP 88107911 A EP88107911 A EP 88107911A EP 88107911 A EP88107911 A EP 88107911A EP 0291938 B1 EP0291938 B1 EP 0291938B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expanding
sleeves
hollow shaft
annular space
sealing elements
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88107911A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0291938A1 (en
EP0291938B2 (en
Inventor
Helmut Swars
Rudolf J. Schulze
Arnold Palussek
Helmut Riemscheid
Karl Dr. Weiss
Herbert Frielingsdorf
Engelbert Schwarz
Heribert Grewe
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Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
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Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority to EP91106867A priority Critical patent/EP0446964B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
    • B21D39/203—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable expandable by fluid or elastic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the simultaneous hydraulic expansion of a plurality of longitudinal sections of a hollow shaft for producing non-positive and / or positive connections between the latter and elements pushed thereon, such as cams, gears, bearing seats, in the form of a pressure medium probe with at least one longitudinal supply channel and radial feed bores for each longitudinal section of the hollow shaft to be expanded and with sealing means which seal undeformed longitudinal sections of the hollow shaft from the action of the pressure medium of the probe in intermediate longitudinal sections of the hollow shaft to be expanded, which consists of a probe body with a substantially constant diameter, which receives the supply channels and supply bores, and from expansion assemblies pushed onto it, which are connected to the feed bores, and the expansion assembly each from egg ner one-piece expansion sleeve (2, 24) covering the entire expansion area with a substantially constant diameter, which can be acted upon from the inside with pressure medium over a substantial part of its length and radially expandable overall, its surface bearing against the inner surface of the hollow shaft for hydraulic expansion , wherein spacer
  • the invention also relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • the principle of a device with a plurality of longitudinal sections which can be sealed off from the tube interior is described above in connection with the above task, with simple O-rings inserted into grooves being shown as sealing elements in this Form are not suitable for the application mentioned. (DE-A1-35 30 600)
  • a pressure medium probe according to the preamble of claim 15 for expanding repair sleeves for defective heat exchanger tubes is known, in which two paired sealing arrangements limit two pressurized annular spaces.
  • the sealing arrangements are embedded in ring grooves in the probe body and each consist of an O-ring made of rubber and a flat support ring made of urethane.
  • the probe body is designed to be divisible on one of the ring grooves.
  • At least the sealing arrangements used in the other of the ring grooves must be made of relatively stretchable and therefore not very durable material for assembly. A loss of pressure medium at the seals is thus easily possible, which must result in an undesirable pressure build-up in the area between the annular spaces. This will lead to an undesired expansion of the unsupported heat exchanger tube in areas not provided for this purpose.
  • pressure is applied medium via the longitudinal feed channel and via the individual radial feed bores each expansion arrangement, so that all expansion areas of the hollow shaft are simultaneously pressurized and plastically formed. Any leakage water that may get into the hollow shaft in the intermediate areas between the expansion areas outside the probe is to be drained off via radial relief bores located in these areas and a common longitudinal relief channel.
  • the solution specified here enables the use of sealing rings which are closed over the circumference and have a material strength and wear resistance which is substantially greater than that of normal elastic O-rings, in particular seals made of hard plastics, which may already lie relatively close to the inside of the pipe before hydraulic loading and because of a possible high radial clearance can overcome deviations from the coaxiality of the tube interior.
  • the probe body of essentially constant cross section preferably having a thickened probe head as an axial stop and having a thread on its opposite end with which the probe body - If necessary with slight axial tensioning of the expansion arrangements and the spacers - can be screwed with a coupling piece for connection to a pressure generating system.
  • the sealing can take place in each case on the outer edge regions with respect to the probe body and / or on the end faces in the manner of labyrinth seals with respect to the abutting spacer sleeves.
  • the intermediate bushings are preferably made of metal.
  • An annular space of small radial thickness located within the expansion bushes can be formed as an internal chamber in the sleeve or as a recess on the probe body. In this case, further punctures can also be provided in the probe base body as receptacles for additional sealing elements, without thereby departing from the basic idea of the invention.
  • the expansion sleeves have a cylinder jacket with a large wall thickness and ring flanks with a small wall thickness supported on the outside by the spacer sleeves.
  • the large wall thickness on the circumference prevents the material from flowing under high pressure into the gaps towards the spacer sleeves, while the sections of small wall thickness are supported on the flanks over their entire height and thus produce a sealing effect without further sealing means.
  • an inner intermediate ring is used for reducing the annular space and for stabilizing the flanks. B. made of metal, which must be penetrated by the feed hole.
  • the expansion sleeves have a cylinder jacket of small wall thickness and ring flanks of large wall thickness.
  • the accumulation of material in the area of the gaps, which is attributable to the flanks prevents the material from flowing away under high pressure into the gaps towards the spacer sleeves.
  • an inner intermediate ring can be provided between the flanks for stabilization, which is seated directly on the base body of the probe.
  • a third modification of the aforementioned expansion sleeves consists in that they have a relatively thin-walled flexible cylinder jacket and, in order to increase the wall thickness, have a large inner radius of curvature with an externally rectangular shape in cross-section, the end faces also having a relatively large wall thickness. After this, too, material flowing away under high pressure into the gaps between the probe and the tubular body is largely avoided, with unsteady load conditions due to the continuous transitions being excluded.
  • customary sealing means in particular O-rings inserted in ring grooves, can be used for sealing.
  • a spacer of smaller outer diameter is pushed onto the base body of the probe between two sealing elements.
  • two sealing elements are connected to one another in one piece via a common intermediate ring located within the annular space.
  • Sealing elements and intermediate ring can z. B. consist of a sheet metal strip or a one-piece plastic part.
  • a first advantageous embodiment of the sealing elements is that they are approximately U-shaped in a cross section laid in the axial direction with an opening facing the annulus. It is easy to understand that an expansion of the sealing element and a sealing with respect to the non-expandable intermediate sections of the hollow shaft can take place here by the entry of pressure medium.
  • the sealing element instead of the U-shaped cross section, can be formed from an L-shaped basic shape with a reinforcing ring provided in the inner angle.
  • the arrangement can be designed such that the opening of the U-shaped or L-shaped cross section has a connection to the annular space, so that here the pressure medium can be supplied to both sealing elements via a single supply bore to the annular space.
  • the opening of the U-shaped or L-shaped cross section has a connection to a separate feed bore on each sealing element. After this, a system of separate feed bores for sealing and expanding can be created in chronological order.
  • the sealing elements have an internal chamfer in a cross section leading through the axis in the direction of the annular space.
  • the inner chamfer can be partially exposed to the annular space, so that pressure is applied to the sealing elements arranged in pairs via a central feed bore to the annular space.
  • the sealing elements can each lie with the inner chamfer in the area of their annular groove, so that pressure can be applied and sealed here via separate feed bores before pressure medium overflows from here into the annular space or pressure medium is supplied to the annular space via a further bore system.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponding parts are given the same reference numbers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a probe according to the invention, which shows a probe base body 1 of essentially constant diameter and radially expandable expansion sleeves 2 and spacers 3 pushed onto it in two different versions.
  • a thread 4 onto which a connection piece 5 is screwed, which in turn has an external thread 6 for connection to a pressure line of a pressure generating device.
  • the base body 1 has at its other end a thickened probe head 7 which forms an axial stop for the expansion sleeve 2b.
  • the connection piece 5 and the base body 1 are penetrated by a central feed channel 8, from which radial feed bores 9 extend, which open into screwed-in annular spaces 10 below the expansion sleeves 2.
  • the probe On-center, the probe has a relief channel 11, from which radial relief bores 12 extend, which emerge below the spacers 3.
  • the expanding sleeves 2 are sealed towards the spacing sleeves 3 by O-rings 13 inserted in ring grooves, the expanding sleeve 2a engaging under the respective adjacent spacing sleeves with a shoulder, while the spacing sleeve 2b has a radial end face with which it attaches itself to the probe head 7 and adjacent spacer sleeve 3b supports.
  • FIG. 2a shows a device of essentially the same structure as that in FIG. 1, however, in deviation from this, sealing elements 14, which are arranged in pairs between the spacer sleeves 3 and have spacing rings 15 between them, are pushed onto the probe base body 1.
  • the sealing elements 14 have an approximately L-shaped cross section, with an annular insert 16 serving for reinforcement.
  • the outer diameter of the sealing elements extends beyond the spacer sleeves 3.
  • the intermediate sleeves 15 have an inner annular space 17, which is connected to the feed bore 9 regardless of the position, which continues through the intermediate sleeve 15 and forms the connection to an annular space enclosed between the sealing elements 14.
  • the intermediate sleeve 15 has a smaller diameter than the sealing elements 14.
  • the spacer bush 3b also has an inner annular space 18 which, regardless of the position, establishes the connection to a relief bore 12 which continues in the bushing.
  • the leakage water is returned, which has escaped from the expansion areas specified by the two pairs of seals and has reached the section which remains undeformed and is determined by the spacer sleeve.
  • the spacer sleeve 3a which is supported directly on the end face of the connecting piece 5, does not require such a return, since it is already partially outside the hollow shaft to be formed.
  • the dist sleeves, sealing elements and intermediate sleeves are held by the thickened head 7 of the probe body 1 or slightly tensioned.
  • the double seal body illustrated in this way is preferably welded in a ring shape to the base body 1 in the region of its central section 30, an annular groove 31 below the seal body and a bore 32 in the central section 30 connecting the feed bore 9 to the annular space 22 visible here between the seals and the tubular body R manufactures.
  • the undivided double seal body can be easily pushed over a probe base body 1 of constant cross section and fixed on it, so that a significantly simplified construction results.
  • Axial support by a spacer sleeve 3 is possible, as shown on the right, but is not necessary if it is directly attached to the base body, as can be seen on the left.
  • a probe constructed from a probe body 1 and spacer elements 3 is shown, in which an integral expansion element 24 d is inserted between two spacers, which consists of rubber-elastic material of great Shore hardness and includes an inner annular space 10 d.
  • the annular space is pressurized via an axial feed channel 8 and a radial feed bore 9.
  • the annular end faces of the expansion element 24d are of great wall thickness in comparison to the outer circumference, so that only this is flexible and causes the expansion of the outer tube, while a larger accumulation of material in the area of the outer corners prevents the material from flowing away in the edge areas.
  • 1 annular grooves 46 with sealing elements 13 are provided in the probe body within the expansion element.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3b shows a basically similar embodiment of a probe base body 1 with pushed-on spacers 3 that abut the probe head 7, the expansion element 24e having approximately the same material thickness on the end flanks and on the outer circumference, while only the outer edge regions have a continuously formed material reinforcement .
  • the ring grooves 46 with sealing rings 13 further ring grooves 47 with further sealing elements 13 are provided in the flanks of the spacer sleeves.
  • the pressure medium supply also takes place here via a central supply channel 8 and radial supply bores 9.
  • the probe is made up of individual rod-shaped inner sections and spacer sleeves screwed to them, which are screwed together and between which expansion elements 24f are provided, which have thin-walled flanks in comparison to the outer jacket.
  • An annular support body 52 is provided within the flanks, which reduces the volume of the interior 10f and clamps and stabilizes the flanks.
  • the outer sheath should hereby be expandable evenly under the influence of the pressure medium.
  • Sealing elements 49 provided in annular grooves 48 are provided on the flanks. Other forms of sealing, in which the support body 52 engages in grooves in the flanks of the expansion element and this engages with projections in grooves in the spacers, are conceivable.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen hydraulischen Aufweiten mehrerer Längsabschnitte einer Hohlwelle zur Herstellung kraftschlüssiger und/oder formschlüssiger Verbindungen zwischen dieser und darauf aufgeschobenen Elementen, wie Nocken, Zahnrädern, Lagersitzen, in Form einer Druckmittelsonde mit zumindest einem längsverlaufenden Zuführungskanal und jeweils radialen Zuführungsbohrungen zu jedem aufzuweitenden Längsabschnitt der Hohlwelle sowie mit Dichtungsmitteln, die unverformt bleibende Längsabschnitte der Hohlwelle gegenüber der Einwirkung des Druckmittels der Sonde in aus dazwischen liegenden aufzuweitenden Längsabschnitten der Hohlwelle abdichten, die aus einem Sondengrundkörper mit im wesentlichen gleichbleibenden Durchmesser besteht, der die Zuführungskanäle und Zuführungsbohrungen aufnimmt, sowie aus darauf aufgeschobenen Aufweitanordnungen, die mit den Zuführungsbohrungen in Verbindung stehen, und wobei die Aufweitanordnung jeweils aus einer einstückigen, den gesamten Aufweitbereich mit im wesentlichen gleichbleibenden Durchmesser abdeckenden Aufweithülse (2, 24) besteht, die über wesentliche Teile ihrer Länge von innen mit Druckmittel beaufschlagbar und insgesamt radial aufweitbar ist, wobei ihre Oberfläche sich zum hydraulischen Aufweiten der Hohlwelle an deren Innenfläche anlegt, wobei zwischen den Aufweitanordnungen Distanzhülsen angeordnet sind, und die Aufweithülsen an ihrem Ende jeweils unmittelbar gegenüber den anstoßenden Distanzhülsen und/oder dem Sondengrundkörper abgedichtet sind.The invention relates to a device for the simultaneous hydraulic expansion of a plurality of longitudinal sections of a hollow shaft for producing non-positive and / or positive connections between the latter and elements pushed thereon, such as cams, gears, bearing seats, in the form of a pressure medium probe with at least one longitudinal supply channel and radial feed bores for each longitudinal section of the hollow shaft to be expanded and with sealing means which seal undeformed longitudinal sections of the hollow shaft from the action of the pressure medium of the probe in intermediate longitudinal sections of the hollow shaft to be expanded, which consists of a probe body with a substantially constant diameter, which receives the supply channels and supply bores, and from expansion assemblies pushed onto it, which are connected to the feed bores, and the expansion assembly each from egg ner one-piece expansion sleeve (2, 24) covering the entire expansion area with a substantially constant diameter, which can be acted upon from the inside with pressure medium over a substantial part of its length and radially expandable overall, its surface bearing against the inner surface of the hollow shaft for hydraulic expansion , wherein spacer sleeves are arranged between the widening arrangements, and the widening sleeves at their ends are each sealed directly against the abutting spacer sleeves and / or the probe body.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 15. Das Prinzip einer Vorrichtung mit mehreren gegenüber dem Rohrinneren abdichtbaren Längsabschnitten ist im Zusammenhang mit der oben stehenden Aufgabenstellung vorbeschrieben, wobei als Dichtungselemente einfache in Nuten eingelegte O-Ringe dargestellt sind, die in dieser Form für den genannten Anwendungsfall nicht geeignet sind. (DE-A1-35 30 600)The invention also relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 15. The principle of a device with a plurality of longitudinal sections which can be sealed off from the tube interior is described above in connection with the above task, with simple O-rings inserted into grooves being shown as sealing elements in this Form are not suitable for the application mentioned. (DE-A1-35 30 600)

Aus der WO-A-8700457 ist eine Anordnung in Form einer Druckmittelsonde der eingangs genannten Art zum Aufweiten von Rohrabschnitten, z. B. in Wärmetauschern, bekannt, die aus einem Sondengrundkörper von gleichbleibendem Durchmesser und darauf aufgeschobenen Distanzhülsen und einer Aufweitanordnung besteht. Die Aufweitanordnung wird aus zumindest einer doppelt am Son- dengr.undkörper anliegenden Manschette gebildet. Zwischen den Distanzhülsen sind umfangsverteilt abstützende Kugeln vorgesehen. Bei einem Druckmittelverlust an der Aufweitanordnung kann daher das Druckmittel das Rohrinnere ohne weiteres beaufschlagen. Ausschließlich aufgrund der Einzelausführung der Aufweitanordnung wird ein unerwünschter Druckaufbau außerhalb des Aufweitbereiches dabei vermieden.From WO-A-8700457 an arrangement in the form of a pressure medium probe of the type mentioned for expanding pipe sections, for. B. in heat exchangers, known, which consists of a probe body of constant diameter and spacers pushed thereon and an expansion arrangement. The widening arrangement is formed from at least one sleeve which lies twice on the probe base and body. Supporting balls are provided circumferentially distributed between the spacer sleeves. If there is a loss of pressure medium in the expansion arrangement, the pressure medium can therefore easily act on the inside of the pipe. Exclusively due to the individual design of the expansion arrangement, an undesirable pressure build-up outside the expansion area is avoided.

Aus der US-A-4,368,571 ist eine Druckmittelsonde gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 15 zum Aufweiten von Reparaturhülsen für defekte Wärmetauscherrohre bekannt, bei der zwei paarweise angeordnete Dichtungsanordnungen zwei vom Druckmittel beaufschlagbare Ringräume begrenzen. Die Dichtungsanordnungen sind in Ringnuten im Sondengrundkörper eingelassen und bestehen jeweils aus einem O-Ring aus Gummi und einem flachen Stützring aus Urethan. An einer der Ringnuten ist der Sondengrundkörper teilbar ausgeführt. Zumindest die in die anderen der Ringnuten eingesetzte Dichtungsanordnungen müssen zur Montage aus relativ dehnbaren und damit wenig haltbarem Material sein. Ein Druckmittelverlust an den Dichtungen ist damit leicht möglich, der einen unerwünschten Druckaufbau im Bereich zwischen den Ringräumen zur Folge haben muß. Dies wird zu einem unerwünschten Aufweiten des ungestützen Wärmetauscherrohres in dazu nicht vorgesehenen Bereichen führen.From US-A-4,368,571 a pressure medium probe according to the preamble of claim 15 for expanding repair sleeves for defective heat exchanger tubes is known, in which two paired sealing arrangements limit two pressurized annular spaces. The sealing arrangements are embedded in ring grooves in the probe body and each consist of an O-ring made of rubber and a flat support ring made of urethane. The probe body is designed to be divisible on one of the ring grooves. At least the sealing arrangements used in the other of the ring grooves must be made of relatively stretchable and therefore not very durable material for assembly. A loss of pressure medium at the seals is thus easily possible, which must result in an undesirable pressure build-up in the area between the annular spaces. This will lead to an undesired expansion of the unsupported heat exchanger tube in areas not provided for this purpose.

Bei der Konstruktion einer Vorrichtung mit mehreren Aufweitabschnitten für den o. g. Anwendungsfall besteht die besondere Problematik darin, daß für die Serienfertigung Vorrichtungen zur Verfügung gestellt werden müssen, deren Dichtungen die auftretenden hydraulischen Drücke in der Größenordnung von mehreren tausend bar zumindest für die Dauer einer Schicht, d. h. für mehrere hundert bis einige tausend Aufweitvorgänge überstehen und die geeignet sind, eine sichere Abdichtung auch bei unebenem, insbesondere nicht vollkommen axialem Innerem der Hohlwelle unter den genannten Verhältnissen an jeder Aufweitstelle zu überbrücken und abzudichten. Hierbei soll aufgabengemäß ein leichter Austausch und Ersatz der verschlissenen Dichtungselemente der Vorrichtung nach Erreichen der Standzeit möglich sein, wobei sichergestellt sein soll, daß in den zwischen den Aufweitstellen liegenden Bereichen kein Druckaufbau und keine unerwünschte Verformung der Hohlwelle stattfindet.When designing a device with multiple expansion sections for the above. The particular problem of use is that devices must be made available for series production, the seals of which the hydraulic pressures occurring in the order of magnitude of several thousand bar at least for the duration of a shift, ie. H. survive for several hundred to a few thousand expansion processes and which are suitable for bridging and sealing a secure seal even at uneven, in particular not completely axial interior of the hollow shaft under the conditions mentioned at each expansion point. Here, according to the task, an easy replacement and replacement of the worn sealing elements of the device should be possible after the service life has been reached, whereby it should be ensured that there is no pressure build-up and no undesired deformation of the hollow shaft in the areas lying between the expansion points.

Als Lösung hierfür werden Vorrichtungen mit Aufweitanordnungen gemäß den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen 1 und 15 angegeben, die jeweils über neuartige verbesserte Dichtungsmittel mit größeren Standzeiten verfügen und die über dem Umfang ungeteilte Dichtungen mit vorbesserter Wirkung zulassen und zugleich einen erleichterten Austausch verschlissener Dichtelemente ermöglichen und einen Druckaufbau zwischen den Aufweitbereichen durch die Entlastungsbohrungen wirksam verhindern.As a solution to this, devices with expanding arrangements according to independent patent claims 1 and 15 are specified, each of which has novel improved sealants with a longer service life and which allow undivided seals with a better effect over the circumference and at the same time enable easier replacement of worn sealing elements and pressure build-up between the Effectively prevent expansion areas through the relief holes.

Nach dem vorgesehenen Verfahren wird Druckmittel über den längsverlaufenden Zuführungskanal und über die einzelnen radialen Zuführungsbohrungen jeder Aufweitanordnung zugeführt, so daß gleichzeitig sämtliche Aufweitbereiche der Hohlwelle druckbeaufschlagt und plastisch umgeformt werden. Das eventuell in die Zwischenbereiche zwischen den Aufweitbereichen außerhalb der Sonde in die Hohlwelle gelangende Leckwasser ist über in diesen Bereichen gelegene radiale Entlastungsbohrungen und einen gemeinsamen längsverlaufenden Entlastungskanal abzuführen.After the intended procedure, pressure is applied medium via the longitudinal feed channel and via the individual radial feed bores each expansion arrangement, so that all expansion areas of the hollow shaft are simultaneously pressurized and plastically formed. Any leakage water that may get into the hollow shaft in the intermediate areas between the expansion areas outside the probe is to be drained off via radial relief bores located in these areas and a common longitudinal relief channel.

Die hiermit angegebene Lösung ermöglicht den Einsatz von über dem Umfang geschlossenen Dichtungsringen mit gegenüber normalen elastischen O-Ringen wesentlich größerer Materialfestigkeit und höherer Verschleißfestigkeit, insbesondere von Dichtungen aus harten Kunststoffen, die bereits vor der hydraulischen Beaufschlagung relativ dicht am Rohrinneren anliegen können und aufgrund eines möglichen hohen radialen Spiels Abweichungen von der Koaxialität des Rohrinneren günstig überwinden können.The solution specified here enables the use of sealing rings which are closed over the circumference and have a material strength and wear resistance which is substantially greater than that of normal elastic O-rings, in particular seals made of hard plastics, which may already lie relatively close to the inside of the pipe before hydraulic loading and because of a possible high radial clearance can overcome deviations from the coaxiality of the tube interior.

Der modulartige Aufbau der Vorrichtung ermöglicht einen leichten Austausch verschlissener Dichtungen, wobei in bevorzugter Weise der Sondengrundkörper von im wesentlichen gleichbleibendem Querschnitt einen verdickten Sondenkopf als axialen Anschlag aufweist und an seinem Gegenende ein Gewinde aufzeigt, mit dem der Sondenkörper
- gegebenenfalls unter leichter axialer Verspannung der Aufweitanordnungen und der Distanzbuchsen - mit einem Kupplungsstück zur Verbindung mit einer Druckerzeugungsanlage verschraubt werden kann.The modular design of the device enables worn seals to be replaced easily, the probe body of essentially constant cross section preferably having a thickened probe head as an axial stop and having a thread on its opposite end with which the probe body
- If necessary with slight axial tensioning of the expansion arrangements and the spacers - can be screwed with a coupling piece for connection to a pressure generating system.

Nach einer, bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung kann die Abdichtung jeweils an den äußeren Randbereichen gegenüber dem Sondenkörper und/oder an den Stirnflächen nach Art von Labyrinthdichtungen gegenüber den anstoßenden Distanzhülsen erfolgen. Auf diese Weise kann auch das Leckwasser abgeführt werden ohne die Innenwandung der Hohlwelle zu erreichen. Die Zwischenbuchsen sind bevorzugterweise aus Metall. Ein innerhalb der Aufweitbuchsen liegender Ringraum von geringer radialer Dicke kann als innenliegende Kammer in der Hülse oder als Eindrehung auf dem Sondengrundkörper gebildet sein. Im Sondengrundkörper können in diesem Fall auch weitere Einstiche als Aufnahmen für zusätzliche Dichtelemente vorgesehen sein, ohne daß der Grundgedanke der Erfindung dadurch verlassen wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing can take place in each case on the outer edge regions with respect to the probe body and / or on the end faces in the manner of labyrinth seals with respect to the abutting spacer sleeves. In this way, the leakage water can also be removed without reaching the inner wall of the hollow shaft. The intermediate bushings are preferably made of metal. An annular space of small radial thickness located within the expansion bushes can be formed as an internal chamber in the sleeve or as a recess on the probe body. In this case, further punctures can also be provided in the probe base body as receptacles for additional sealing elements, without thereby departing from the basic idea of the invention.

Nach einer weitergehenden Abwandlung, die die Verwendung von elastischem Material erlaubt, haben die Aufweithülsen einen Zylindermantel großer Wandstärke und von den Distanzhülsen nach außen abgestütze Ringflanken geringer Wandstärke. Die große Wandstärke am Umfang verhindert ein Einfließen des Materials unter hohem Druck in die Spalte zu den Distanzhülsen hin, während die Abschnitte geringer Wandstärke an den Flanken auf ihrer gesamten Höhe abgestützt sind und so eine abdichtende Wirkung ohne weitere Dichtungsmittel erzeugen. In günstiger Form ist hierbei zur Verkleinerung des Ringraums und zur Stabilisierung der Flanken ein innerer Zwischenring z. B. aus Metall eingesetzt, der von der Zuführungsbohrung durchsetzt sein muß.After a further modification, which allows the use of elastic material, the expansion sleeves have a cylinder jacket with a large wall thickness and ring flanks with a small wall thickness supported on the outside by the spacer sleeves. The large wall thickness on the circumference prevents the material from flowing under high pressure into the gaps towards the spacer sleeves, while the sections of small wall thickness are supported on the flanks over their entire height and thus produce a sealing effect without further sealing means. In an advantageous form, an inner intermediate ring is used for reducing the annular space and for stabilizing the flanks. B. made of metal, which must be penetrated by the feed hole.

Eine Alternative zum obenstehenden, die ebenfalls die Verwendung von elastischem Material ermöglicht und im wesentlichen die gleichen Vorteile bietet, besteht darin, daß die Aufweithülsen einen Zylindermantel geringer Wandstärke und Ringflanken von großer Wandstärke haben. Auch hierbei verhindert die den Flanken zuzurechnende Materialansammlung im Bereich der Spalte ein Wegfließen des Materials unter hohem Druck in die Spalte zu den Distanzhülsen hin. Auch nach dieser Alternative kann zur Stabilisierung ein innerer Zwischenring zwischen den Flanken vorgesehen sein, der unmittelbar auf dem Grundkörper der Sonde aufsitzt.An alternative to the above, which also enables the use of elastic material and offers essentially the same advantages, is that the expansion sleeves have a cylinder jacket of small wall thickness and ring flanks of large wall thickness. Here too, the accumulation of material in the area of the gaps, which is attributable to the flanks, prevents the material from flowing away under high pressure into the gaps towards the spacer sleeves. According to this alternative too, an inner intermediate ring can be provided between the flanks for stabilization, which is seated directly on the base body of the probe.

Eine dritte Abwandlung der vorgenannten Aufweithülsen besteht darin, daß diese einen relativ dünnwandigen flexiblen Zylindermantel aufweist und zu den äußeren Kantenbereichen zur Vergrößerung der Wandstärke einen großen inneren Krümmungsradius bei außen im Querschnitt rechtwinkliger Form aufweist, wobei die Stirnseiten ebenfalls relativ große Wandstärke haben. Auch hiernach ist ein Wegfließen von Material unter hohem Druck in die Spalte zwischen Sonde und Rohrkörper weitgehend vermieden, wobei unstetige Belastungszustände aufgrund der kontinuierlichen Übergänge ausgeschlossen sind.A third modification of the aforementioned expansion sleeves consists in that they have a relatively thin-walled flexible cylinder jacket and, in order to increase the wall thickness, have a large inner radius of curvature with an externally rectangular shape in cross-section, the end faces also having a relatively large wall thickness. After this, too, material flowing away under high pressure into the gaps between the probe and the tubular body is largely avoided, with unsteady load conditions due to the continuous transitions being excluded.

In den Flächen zum Sondengrundkörper und/oder zu den Distanzhülsen sind übliche Dichtungsmittel, insbesondere in Ringnuten eingelegte O-Ringe zur Abdichtung einsetzbar.In the areas to the probe body and / or to the spacer sleeves, customary sealing means, in particular O-rings inserted in ring grooves, can be used for sealing.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung, die kleine und leichte Dichtelemente erlaubt, ist jeweils zwischen zwei Dichtelementen ein Distanzstück geringeren Außendurchmessers auf den Grundkörper der Sonde aufgeschoben. Nach einer Alternative hierzu, mit der die Anzahl der Abdichtstellen oder der offenen Spalte vermindert werden kann, sind jeweils zwei Dichtelemente einstückig über einen gemeinsamen innerhalb des Ringraumes liegenden Zwischenring miteinander verbunden. Dichtelemente und Zwischenring können hierbei z. B. aus einem Blechstreifen oder einem einstückigen Plastikteil bestehen.According to a favorable embodiment, which allows small and light sealing elements, a spacer of smaller outer diameter is pushed onto the base body of the probe between two sealing elements. According to an alternative to this, with which the number of sealing points or the open gaps can be reduced, two sealing elements are connected to one another in one piece via a common intermediate ring located within the annular space. Sealing elements and intermediate ring can z. B. consist of a sheet metal strip or a one-piece plastic part.

Eine erste günstige Ausgestaltung der Dichtungselemente geht dahin, daß diese in einem in Achsrichtung gelegten Querschnitt etwa U-förmig mit zum Ringraum weisender Öffnung sind. Es ist ohne weiteres zu verstehen, daß hierbei durch Eintritt von Druckmittel eine Aufweitung des Dichtelementes und eine Abdichtung gegenüber den nicht aufzuweitenden Zwischenabschnitten der Hohlwelle erfolgen kann. Nach einer besonderen Ausgestaltung kann anstelle des U-förmigen Querschnitts das Dichtelement aus einer L-förmigen Grundform mit einem im Innenwinkel vorgesehenen Verstärkungsring gebildet sein. In einer ersten Ausführung kann die Anordnung so ausgestaltet sein, daß die Öffnung des U-förmigen oder L-förmigen Querschnittes eine Verbindung zum Ringraum aufweist, so daß hier über eine einzige Zuführungsbohrung zum Ringraum das Druckmittel beiden Dichtelementen zugeführt werden kann. Eine Alternative besteht darin, daß die Öffnung des U-förmigen oder L-förmigen Querschnittes eine Verbindung zu jeweils einer gesonderten Zuführungsbohrung an jedem Dichtelement aufweist. Hiernach kann ein System gesonderter Zuführungsbohrungen zum Abdichten und zum Aufweiten in zeitlicher Reihenfolge geschaffen werden.A first advantageous embodiment of the sealing elements is that they are approximately U-shaped in a cross section laid in the axial direction with an opening facing the annulus. It is easy to understand that an expansion of the sealing element and a sealing with respect to the non-expandable intermediate sections of the hollow shaft can take place here by the entry of pressure medium. According to a special embodiment, instead of the U-shaped cross section, the sealing element can be formed from an L-shaped basic shape with a reinforcing ring provided in the inner angle. In a first embodiment, the arrangement can be designed such that the opening of the U-shaped or L-shaped cross section has a connection to the annular space, so that here the pressure medium can be supplied to both sealing elements via a single supply bore to the annular space. An alternative is that the opening of the U-shaped or L-shaped cross section has a connection to a separate feed bore on each sealing element. After this, a system of separate feed bores for sealing and expanding can be created in chronological order.

Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Unterstützung des Aufweitens der Dichtelemente besteht darin, daß diese in einem durch die Achse führenden Querschnitt eine Innenfase in Richtung zum Ringraum hin aufweisen. Nach einer ersten Ausgestaltung kann hierbei die Innenfase zum Ringraum hin teilweise freiliegen, so daß wiederum über eine zentrale Zuführungsbohrung zum Ringraum die Druckbeaufschlagung der paarweise angeordneten Dichtelemente erfolgt. Alternativ hierzu können die Dichtelemente jeweils mit der Innenfase im Bereich ihrer Ringnut liegen, so daß hier über gesonderte Zuführungsbohrungen eine Druckbeaufschlagung und Abdichtung erfolgen kann, bevor von hier aus Druckmittel in den Ringraum überfließt oder dem Ringraum über ein weiteres Bohrungssystem Druckmittel zugeführt wird.Another possibility to support the expansion of the sealing elements is that they have an internal chamfer in a cross section leading through the axis in the direction of the annular space. According to a first embodiment, the inner chamfer can be partially exposed to the annular space, so that pressure is applied to the sealing elements arranged in pairs via a central feed bore to the annular space. Alternatively, the sealing elements can each lie with the inner chamfer in the area of their annular groove, so that pressure can be applied and sealed here via separate feed bores before pressure medium overflows from here into the annular space or pressure medium is supplied to the annular space via a further bore system.

Einzelheiten der vorstehend dargestellten Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Möglichkeiten ergeben sich aus den nachstehenden Zeichnungsbeschreibungen.Details of the invention presented above in its various possibilities result from the description of the drawings below.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine gebaute Sonde mit aufgeschobenen Aufweithülsen und Distanzbuchsen in einer ersten Ausführung.
  • Fig. 2 eine gebaute Sonde mit aufgeschobenen Dichtelementen, Zwischenhülsen und Distanzbuchsen.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt erfindungsgemäße Dichtungselemente für gebaute Sonden gemäß Figur 1 in weiteren Ausführungen.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a built probe with pushed-on expansion sleeves and spacers in a first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a built probe with pushed sealing elements, intermediate sleeves and spacers.
  • 3 shows sealing elements according to the invention for built probes according to FIG. 1 in further versions.

In den Figuren 1 bis 3 sind sich entsprechende Teile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern belegt.In FIGS. 1 to 3, corresponding parts are given the same reference numbers.

In Fig. 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Sonde gezeigt, die einen Sondengrundkörper 1 von im wesentlichen gleichbleibenden Durchmesser und darauf aufgeschobene radial aufweitbare Aufweithülsen 2 und Distanzstücke 3 in zwei verschiedenen Ausführungen zeigt. An einem Ende des Grundkörpers ist ein Gewinde 4 vorgesehen, auf das ein Anschlußstück 5 geschraubt ist, das seinerseits ein Außengewinde 6 zur Verbindung mit einer Druckleitung einer Druckerzeugungsvorrichtung aufweist. Der Grundkörper 1 weist an seinem anderen Ende einen verdickten Sondenkopf 7 auf, der einen Axialanschlag für die Aufweithülse 2b bildet. Das Anschlußstück 5 und der Gundkörper 1 werden von einem zentralen Zuführungskanal 8 durchsetzt, von welchem radiale Zuführungsbohrungen 9 ausgehen, die in eingedrehte Ringräume 10 unterhalb der Aufweithülsen 2 münden. Außermittig weist die Sonde einen Entlastungskanal 11 aus, von dem radiale Entlastungsbohrungen 12 ausgehen, die unterhalb der Distanzstücke 3 austreten. Die Aufweithülsen 2 sind durch in Ringnuten eingelegte O-Ringe 13 zu den Distanzhülsen 3 hin abgedichtet, wobei die Aufweithülse 2a die jeweils angrenzenden Distanzhülsen mit einem Absatz untergreift, während die Distanzhülse 2b eine radiale Stirnflächen aufweist, mit denen sie sich am Sondenkopf 7 und der angrenzenden Distanzhülse 3b abstützt.1 shows a probe according to the invention, which shows a probe base body 1 of essentially constant diameter and radially expandable expansion sleeves 2 and spacers 3 pushed onto it in two different versions. At one end of the base body there is a thread 4 onto which a connection piece 5 is screwed, which in turn has an external thread 6 for connection to a pressure line of a pressure generating device. The base body 1 has at its other end a thickened probe head 7 which forms an axial stop for the expansion sleeve 2b. The connection piece 5 and the base body 1 are penetrated by a central feed channel 8, from which radial feed bores 9 extend, which open into screwed-in annular spaces 10 below the expansion sleeves 2. Off-center, the probe has a relief channel 11, from which radial relief bores 12 extend, which emerge below the spacers 3. The expanding sleeves 2 are sealed towards the spacing sleeves 3 by O-rings 13 inserted in ring grooves, the expanding sleeve 2a engaging under the respective adjacent spacing sleeves with a shoulder, while the spacing sleeve 2b has a radial end face with which it attaches itself to the probe head 7 and adjacent spacer sleeve 3b supports.

Fig. 2a zeigt eine Vorrichtung von im wesentlichen gleichem Aufbau wie die in Fig. 1, wobei jedoch abweichend davon jeweils zwischen den Distanzhülsen 3 paarweise angeordnete Dichtelemente 14 mit dazwischenliegenden Abstandsringen 15 auf den Sondengrundkörper 1 aufgeschoben sind. Die Dichtelemente 14 haben etwa L-förmigen Querschnitt, wobei eine Ringeinlage 16 der Verstärkung dient. Im Außendurchmesser stehen die Dichtelemente über die Distanzhülsen 3 hinaus. Die Zwischenhülsen 15 weisen einen inneren Ringraum 17 auf, der lageunabhängig mit der Zuführungsbohrung 9 in Verbindung steht, wobei sich diese durch die Zwischenhülse 15 fortsetzt und die Verbindung zu einem zwischen den Dichtelementen 14 eingeschlossenem Ringraum bildet. Die Zwischenhülse 15 hat hierzu geringeren Durchmesser als die Dichtungselemente 14. Die Distanzbuchse 3b hat ebenfalls einen inneren Ringraum 18 der lageunabhängig die Verbindung zu einer Entlastungbohrung 12 herstellt, die sich in der Buchse fortsetzt. Für diese Bohrung und den Entlüftungskanal 11 erfolgt die Rückführung des Leckwassers, das aus den durch die beiden Dichtungspaare vorgegebenen Aufweitbereichen ausgetreten und in die durch die Distanzhülse bestimmten unverformt bleibenden Abschnitt gelangt ist. Die Distanzhülse 3a, die sich unmittelbar an der Stirnfläche des Anschlußstückes 5 abstützt, bedarf einer solchen Rückführung nicht, da sich bereits teilweise außerhalb der umzuformenden Hohlwelle liegt. Die Distanzhülsen, Dichtungselemente und Zwischenhülsen werden vom verdickten Kopf 7 des Sondenkörpers 1 gehalten bzw. leicht verspannt.FIG. 2a shows a device of essentially the same structure as that in FIG. 1, however, in deviation from this, sealing elements 14, which are arranged in pairs between the spacer sleeves 3 and have spacing rings 15 between them, are pushed onto the probe base body 1. The sealing elements 14 have an approximately L-shaped cross section, with an annular insert 16 serving for reinforcement. The outer diameter of the sealing elements extends beyond the spacer sleeves 3. The intermediate sleeves 15 have an inner annular space 17, which is connected to the feed bore 9 regardless of the position, which continues through the intermediate sleeve 15 and forms the connection to an annular space enclosed between the sealing elements 14. For this purpose, the intermediate sleeve 15 has a smaller diameter than the sealing elements 14. The spacer bush 3b also has an inner annular space 18 which, regardless of the position, establishes the connection to a relief bore 12 which continues in the bushing. For this bore and the venting channel 11, the leakage water is returned, which has escaped from the expansion areas specified by the two pairs of seals and has reached the section which remains undeformed and is determined by the spacer sleeve. The spacer sleeve 3a, which is supported directly on the end face of the connecting piece 5, does not require such a return, since it is already partially outside the hollow shaft to be formed. The dist sleeves, sealing elements and intermediate sleeves are held by the thickened head 7 of the probe body 1 or slightly tensioned.

In Fig. 2b ist als Einzelheit ein verbreiterter Ringraum 22 auf dem Sondengrundkörper 1 gezeigt, der durch zwei über einen gemeinsamen Mittelabschnitt 30 miteinander verbundene, nach innen offene U-förmige Dichtelemente 27d gebildet wird. Der so dargestellte Doppeldichtungskörper ist vorzugsweise im Bereich seines Mittelabsschnittes 30 ringförmig mit dem Grundkörper 1 verschweißt, wobei eine Ringnut 31 unterhalb des Dichtungskörpers und eine Bohrung 32 im Mittelabschnitt 30 die Verbindung von der Zuführungsbohrung 9 zu dem hier erkennbaren Ringraum 22 zwischen den Dichtungen und dem Rohrkörper R herstellt. Der ungeteilte Doppeldichtungskörper kann problemlos über einen Sondengrundkörper 1 gleichbleibenden Querschnittes aufgeschoben und auf diesem festgelegt werden, so daß sich eine wesentlich vereinfachte Bauweise ergibt. Eine axiale Abstützung durch eine Abstandshülse 3 ist - wie rechts dargestellt - möglich, jedoch bei unmittelbarer Festlegung auf den Grundkörper - wie links erkennbar - nicht erforderlich.2b shows a widened annular space 22 on the probe base body 1, which is formed by two U-shaped sealing elements 27d which are connected to one another via a common central section 30. The double seal body illustrated in this way is preferably welded in a ring shape to the base body 1 in the region of its central section 30, an annular groove 31 below the seal body and a bore 32 in the central section 30 connecting the feed bore 9 to the annular space 22 visible here between the seals and the tubular body R manufactures. The undivided double seal body can be easily pushed over a probe base body 1 of constant cross section and fixed on it, so that a significantly simplified construction results. Axial support by a spacer sleeve 3 is possible, as shown on the right, but is not necessary if it is directly attached to the base body, as can be seen on the left.

In Fig. 3a ist eine aus einem Sondengrundkörper 1 und Distanzelementen 3 aufgebaute Sonde gezeigt, bei der zwischen zwei Distanzstücken ein einstückiges Aufweitelement 24 d eingesetzt ist, das aus gummielastischem Material großer Shorehärte besteht und einen inneren Ringraum 10d einschließt. Der Ringraum wird über einen axialen Zuführungskanal 8 und eine radiale Zuführungsbohrung 9 mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt. Die ringförmigen Stirnflächen des Aufweitelementes 24d sind von großer Wandstärke im Vergleich zum Außenumfang, so daß nur dieser flexibel ist und die Aufweitung des außenliegenden Rohres bewirkt, während eine großere Materialansammlung im Bereich der äußeren Ecken das Wegfließen des Materials in den Kantenbereichen verhindert. Innerhalb des Aufweitelementes sind im Sondenkörper 1 Ringnuten 46 mit Dichtelementen 13 vorgesehen.In Fig. 3a, a probe constructed from a probe body 1 and spacer elements 3 is shown, in which an integral expansion element 24 d is inserted between two spacers, which consists of rubber-elastic material of great Shore hardness and includes an inner annular space 10 d. The annular space is pressurized via an axial feed channel 8 and a radial feed bore 9. The annular end faces of the expansion element 24d are of great wall thickness in comparison to the outer circumference, so that only this is flexible and causes the expansion of the outer tube, while a larger accumulation of material in the area of the outer corners prevents the material from flowing away in the edge areas. 1 annular grooves 46 with sealing elements 13 are provided in the probe body within the expansion element.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3b zeigt eine grundsätzlich ähnliche Ausführung eines Sondengrundkörpers 1 mit aufgeschobenen Distanzstücken 3, die am Sondenkopf 7 anschlagen, wobei das Aufweitelement 24e an den stirnseitigen Flanken und am Außenumfang etwa gleiche Materialstärke aufweist, während ausschließlich die äußeren Kantenbereiche eine kontinuierlich ausgebildete Materialverstärkung aufweisen. Neben den Ringnuten 46 mit Dichtungringen 13 sind in den Flanken der Distanzhülsen weitere Ringnuten 47 mit weiteren Dichtelementen 13 vorgesehen. Die Druckmittelzuführung erfolgt auch hier über einen zentralen Zuführungskanal 8 und radiale Zuführungsbohrungen 9.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3b shows a basically similar embodiment of a probe base body 1 with pushed-on spacers 3 that abut the probe head 7, the expansion element 24e having approximately the same material thickness on the end flanks and on the outer circumference, while only the outer edge regions have a continuously formed material reinforcement . In addition to the ring grooves 46 with sealing rings 13, further ring grooves 47 with further sealing elements 13 are provided in the flanks of the spacer sleeves. The pressure medium supply also takes place here via a central supply channel 8 and radial supply bores 9.

In der Ausführung nach Figur 3c ist die Sonde aus einzelnen stangenförmigen Innenabschnitten und mit diesen verschraubten Distanzhülsen aufgebaut, die miteinander verschraubt sind und zwischen denen Aufweitelemente 24f vorgesehen sind, die dünnwandige Flanken im Vergleich zum Außenmantel aufweisen. Innerhalb der Flanken ist ein ringförmige Stützkörper 52 vorgesehen, der den Innenraum 10f im Volumen verkleinert und die Flanken einspannt und stabilisiert. Der Außenmantel soll hiermit gleichmäßig unter Einfluß des Druckmittels aufweitbar sein. An den Flanken sind in Ringnuten 48 vorgesehene Dichtelemente 49 vorgesehen. Andere Formen der Abdichtung, bei denen der Stützkörper 52 in Nuten in den Flanken des Aufweitelementes und dieses mit Vorsprüngen in Nuten in den Distanzstücken eingreift, sind denkbar.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3c, the probe is made up of individual rod-shaped inner sections and spacer sleeves screwed to them, which are screwed together and between which expansion elements 24f are provided, which have thin-walled flanks in comparison to the outer jacket. An annular support body 52 is provided within the flanks, which reduces the volume of the interior 10f and clamps and stabilizes the flanks. The outer sheath should hereby be expandable evenly under the influence of the pressure medium. Sealing elements 49 provided in annular grooves 48 are provided on the flanks. Other forms of sealing, in which the support body 52 engages in grooves in the flanks of the expansion element and this engages with projections in grooves in the spacers, are conceivable.

Claims (24)

1. An apparatus for simultaneously hydraulically expanding several longitudinal portions of a hollow shaft (R) for producing force-locking and/or form-fitting connections between said shaft and elements slid thereon, such as cams, gears, and bearing seats, the apparatus being provided in the form of a pressure agent mandrel having at least one longitudinally extending supply channel (8) and radial supply bores (9) for each longitudinal portion of the hollow shaft (R) to be expanded, and having sealing elements sealing undeformed longitudinal portions of the hollow shaft (R) against the effect of the pressure agent in the mandrel in intermediate longitudinal portions of the hollow shaft (R) to be expanded, said mandrel consisting of a basic mandrel member (1) having a substantially uniform diameter and receiving the supply channels (8) and supply bores (9), and further consisting of expanding assemblies which are slid thereon, which are in contact with the supply bores (9) and which each consist of a single-part expansion sleeve (2, 24) which covers the entire region to be expanded with a substantially uniform diameter, which, across substantial parts of its length, may be pressurised from the inside by a pressure agent and which, in its entirety, is radially expandable, with its surface resting against the inner face of the hollow shaft for the purpose of hydraulically expanding it, with the spacing sleeves (3, 15) being arranged between the expanding assemblies and with the expanding sleeves (2, 14), at their ends, being sealed relative to the adjoining spacing sleeves (3, 15) and/or the basic mandrel member (1),
characterised in
that the basic mandrel member (1) comprises a longitudinally extending relief channel (11) and radial relief bores (12) whose exits are below the spacing elements(3).
2. An apparatus according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (2a) are sealed relative to the adjoining spacing sleeves (2b) by labyrinth seals provided at their ends.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1,
characterised in
that expanding sleeves (2a) extend underneath the adjoining spacing sleeves (2b), especially in a latch-like or swallow-tail-like way.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the radial flanks of the spacing sleeves (3b) adjoining the expanding sleeves (2b) are provided with annular grooves (48) accommodating seals (49).
5. An apparatus according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the outer edge regions of the expanding sleeves (2, 24) are sealed relative to the basic mandrel member (1) by means of O-rings (13) located in grooves.
6. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (2, 24) cover an annular space (10) turned into the basic mandrel member (1) (Fig. 1).
7. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (2, 24) comprise an inner annular space (10) produced by turning or forming (Fig. 3).
8. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterised in that the expanding sleeves (2, 24) consist of a plastic material which is dimensionally stable.
9. An apparatus according to claims 1 to 8,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (24d) comprise a cylindrical casing with a small wall thickness and annular flanks with great wall thicknesses (Fig. 3a).
10. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (24e), towards the outer annular edges, feature a continuously increasing wall thickness (Fig. 3b).
11. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (24f) comprise a cylindrical casing with a great wall thickness and annular flanks with a small wall thickness which are supported outwardly by spacing elements (53) (Fig. 3c).
12. An apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 11,
characterised in
that between the annular flanks of the expanding sleeves (24) there is inserted a firm spacing ring (52) which is slid on to the basic mandrel member (1, 51) and, together with the cylindrical casing, forms an annular space (10).
13. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterised in
that the expanding sleeves (24) consist of a rubber-elastic material with-a high Shore hardness.
14, An apparatus according to claim 12 or 13,
characterised in
that the spacing ring (52) is glued, especially vulcanised, to the annular flanks of the expanding sleeves (24).
15. An apparatus for simulataneously hydraulically expanding several longitudinal portions of a hollow shaft (R) for producing force-locking and/or form-fitting connections between said shaft and elements slid thereon, such as cams, gears, and bearing seats, the apparatus being provided in the form of a pressure agent mandrel having at least one longitudinally extending supply channel (8) and radial supply bores (9) for each longitudinal portion of the hollow shaft (R) to be expanded, and having sealing elements sealing undeformed longitudinal portions of the hollow shaft (R) against the effect of the pressure agent from the intermediate longitudinal portions of the hollow shaft to be expanded, with the mandrel consisting of a basic mandrel member (1) having a substantially uniform diameter receiving the supply channels (8) and the supply bores (9) as well as the expanding assemblies (2, 24) which are slid thereon and which are in contact with the supply bores (9), with the expanding assemblies each consisting of symmetrical sealing elements (14, 33) which are arranged in pairs, limit the entire region to be expanded and enclose an annular space which may be filled with a pressure agent, while resting against the inner face of the hollow shaft and sealing the annular space in the course of the process of hydraulically expanding the hollow shaft, and with spacing elements (3, 15) being arranged between the expanding assemblies,
characterised in
that the basic mandrel member comprises a longitudinally extending relief channel (11) and radial relief bores (12) whose exits are below the spacing elements (3, 15).
16. An apparatus according to claim 15,
characterised in
that the sealing elements (14) have an approximately U-shaped cross-section whose opening points towards the annular space.
17. An apparatus according to claim 15,
characterised in
that the sealing elements (14) have an approximately L-shaped cross-section whose arms, relative to the annular space, are positioned axially outwardly and radially inwardly.
18. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 17,
characterised in
that there is provided a connection leading from an aperture (26) which, viewed in cross-section, is positioned within the sealing elements (14) to the annular space to allow the passage of the pressure agent.
19. An apparatus according to one of claims 15 to 16,
characterised in
that to allow the passage of the pressure agent, there is provided a connection leading from a supply bore (29) to an aperture (26) which, viewed in cross-section, is positioned within the sealing elements (14).
20. An apparatus according to one of claims 15 to 19,
characterised in
that viewed in cross-section, the sealing elements (14) comprise an inner chamfer pointing towards the annular space.
21. An apparatus according to claim 20,
characterised in
that the inner chamber is partially exposed towards the annular space for the purpose of pressurising it with the pressure agent.
22. An apparatus according to claim 20 or 21,
characterised in
that the inner chamber is exposed towards a supply bore (29) for the purpose of pressuring it with the pressure agent.
23. An apparatus according to claim 15,
characterised in
that two sealing elements (27d) arranged in pairs are connected to each other via an internally positioned central web (30) which is attached directly to the basic mandrel member (1) and comprises part of the supply bore (Fig. 2b).
24. An apparatus according to claim 23,
characterised in
that the sealing elements (27d) with the central web (30) consist of a beaded plate metal ring.
EP88107911A 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion Expired - Lifetime EP0291938B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91106867A EP0446964B1 (en) 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873716986 DE3716986A1 (en) 1987-05-21 1987-05-21 DEVICE FOR HYDRAULIC EXPANSION
DE3716986 1987-05-21

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106867A Division EP0446964B1 (en) 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion
EP91106867.4 Division-Into 1991-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0291938A1 EP0291938A1 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0291938B1 true EP0291938B1 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0291938B2 EP0291938B2 (en) 1995-11-02

Family

ID=6327998

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107911A Expired - Lifetime EP0291938B2 (en) 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion
EP91106867A Expired - Lifetime EP0446964B1 (en) 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106867A Expired - Lifetime EP0446964B1 (en) 1987-05-21 1988-05-18 Apparatus for hydraulic expansion

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5054756A (en)
EP (2) EP0291938B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH01503526A (en)
DE (3) DE3716986A1 (en)
ES (2) ES2026223T5 (en)
WO (1) WO1988009233A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0446964B1 (en) 1995-09-20
WO1988009233A1 (en) 1988-12-01
JPH0479734B2 (en) 1992-12-16
DE3854504D1 (en) 1995-10-26
DE3866017D1 (en) 1991-12-12
JPH01503526A (en) 1989-11-30
ES2026223T3 (en) 1992-04-16
DE3866017T (en) 1991-12-12
ES2077106T3 (en) 1995-11-16
EP0291938A1 (en) 1988-11-23
ES2026223T5 (en) 1996-01-01
EP0446964A3 (en) 1991-10-30
DE3716986A1 (en) 1988-12-15
EP0446964A2 (en) 1991-09-18
EP0291938B2 (en) 1995-11-02
US5054756A (en) 1991-10-08

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