EP0289423B1 - Rohrförmige Elektrode für Plasmabrenner und Plasmabrenner mit solchen Elektroden - Google Patents

Rohrförmige Elektrode für Plasmabrenner und Plasmabrenner mit solchen Elektroden Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0289423B1
EP0289423B1 EP88401035A EP88401035A EP0289423B1 EP 0289423 B1 EP0289423 B1 EP 0289423B1 EP 88401035 A EP88401035 A EP 88401035A EP 88401035 A EP88401035 A EP 88401035A EP 0289423 B1 EP0289423 B1 EP 0289423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
parts
assembled
disposed
tubular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88401035A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0289423A1 (de
Inventor
Maxime Labrot
Didier Pineau
Jean Feuillerat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Group SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Priority to AT88401035T priority Critical patent/ATE69351T1/de
Publication of EP0289423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0289423A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0289423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0289423B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3431—Coaxial cylindrical electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to tubular electrodes for plasma torches and to plasma torches provided with such electrodes.
  • each of the electrodes generally metallic, is one-piece and is shaped as a tubular intermediate part extended by end parts intended for connection to other parts of the torch, said electrodes being respectively disposed in sealed chambers in which a cooling fluid circulates.
  • the tubular intermediate part is of simple shape and is used for hooking the arch feet, while the end parts are of complex shape, but are not reached by the arc.
  • these electrodes are wearing parts of which only the tubular intermediate part is eroded.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of these known electrodes for plasma torches.
  • the electrode for plasma torch comprises the characteristics mentioned in claim 1.
  • the mechanical assembly according to the invention exhibits a contact resistance of the order of 0.1 to 1 milliohm, which is perfectly admissible for the overall conduction of the electrode.
  • the seals because the significant thickness of the electrode parts and the proximity of the peripheral shoulders of the sealed chamber, the seals, on the one hand, are not directly subjected to the high temperature of the arc and, on the other hand , are subjected to effective cooling. They can be produced in known manner from elastomers resistant to temperatures of the order of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.
  • the present invention also relates to a plasma torch comprising at least one electrode according to claim 1 (see claim 5).
  • the plasma torch 1 according to the present invention and shown in FIG. 1, comprises a body 2 comprising two envelopes 3 and 4. Inside the envelope 3 is mounted a cathode 5, while at the inside the envelope 4 is mounted an anode 6. A coil 7 is provided around the envelope 3.
  • the cathode 5 and the anode 6 are of elongated tubular shape and they are mounted coaxially, one after the other.
  • a cooling fluid circulation network connected outside the torch to means for circulating such a fluid (not shown) by the intermediary of fittings 8, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • This cooling fluid circulation network comprises sealed cylindrical chambers 9 and 10, in which the cathode 5 and the anode 6 are respectively disposed.
  • An arcing device 15 is provided in the vicinity of the two ends facing the cathode 5 and the anode 6.
  • the torch 1 will not be described in more detail, because it is of a known type and only the description of the features of its electrodes is sufficient to understand the present invention.
  • the cathode 5 is constituted by a tubular intermediate portion 5 I, extended by end portions 5 E1 and 5 E2.
  • the intermediate part 5 I is of simple cylindrical shape and it is intended for the attachment of the arch feet; it is therefore subject to erosion, as illustrated diagrammatically at 16 in FIG. 1.
  • the end parts 5 E1 and 5 E2 are intended for connection to other parts of the torch 1 (not described in detail ) and are of complex shape, all the more so since they at least partially conform the cooling fluid circulation circuit.
  • the three parts 5 I, 5 E1 and 5 E2 of the cathode 5 have a wall thickness e5 at least equal to ten millimeters, preferably of the order of twenty five millimeters, and their ends are machined to allow their tight mechanical assembly by screwing.
  • a peripheral shoulder 17 is machined, the plane of which is orthogonal to the axis 18 of the cathode 5, a thread 19 at mid-thickness and coaxial with the axis 18 and a male centering cylindrical surface 20, also coaxial with the axis 18. Furthermore, in each of the ends of the end pieces 5 E1 and 5 E2 arranged opposite the intermediate piece 5 I, a peripheral shoulder 21 is machined whose plane is orthogonal to axis 18, a thread 22 coaxial with axis 18 and a female cylindrical centering surface 23, also coaxial with axis 18.
  • the sealed mechanical assembly of the intermediate tubular part 5 I and of the end parts 5 E1 and 5 E2 is obtained by the cooperation of the threads 19 and 22 and the shoulders 17 and 21, at least one joint 24 being arranged. between the cooperating shoulders of said parts.
  • the housings of the seals 24 are preferably machined in the shoulders 17 of the intermediate tubular part 5 I.
  • the anode 6 is constituted by a tubular intermediate part 6 I, extended by end parts 6 E1 and 6 E2.
  • the intermediate part 6 I is of simple cylindrical shape and subjected to erosion, as has been indicated for part 5 I of the cathode 5.
  • the end pieces 6 E1 and 6 E2 are of complex shape.
  • the end piece 6 E1 placed opposite the cathode 5 forms a flare 25.
  • the three parts 6 I, 6 E1 and 6 E2 of the anode 6 also have a wall thickness e6 at least equal to ten millimeters, preferably of the order of twenty five millimeters, and their ends are machined to allow their assembly. mechanical tightness by screwing.
  • a peripheral shoulder 26 is machined, the plane of which is orthogonal to the axis 27 of the anode 6, a thread 28 at mid-thickness and coaxial with the axis 27 and a cylindrical male centering surface 29, also coaxial with the axis 27.
  • a peripheral shoulder 30 is machined, the plane of which is orthogonal to the axis 27, a thread 31 coaxial with the axis 27 and a female cylindrical centering part 32, also coaxial with the axis 27. It will be noted that the female cylindrical part centering 32 of the part 6 E1 opens into the flare 25.
  • the sealed mechanical assembly of the intermediate tubular part 6 I and of the end parts 6 E1 and 6 E2 is obtained by the cooperation of the threads. 28 and 31 and the shoulders 26 and 30, at least one seal 33 being disposed between the cooperating parts of said shoulders.
  • the housings of the seals 33 are preferably inserted into the shoulders 26 of the tubular part 6 I.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Elektrode (5, 6) für Plasmabrenner (1) bestehend aus einem rohrförmigern Zwischenteil zum Einhängen der (Licht) Bogenfüße, der vorn Endteilern zum Anschließen an weitere Bauteile des Brenners verlängert ist, wobei die Elektrode in einer abgedichteten Kammer (9, 10) angeordnet ist, in der ein Kühlungsmittel umläuft, dadurch gekernnzeichnet, daß die Zwischen- und Endteile aus Einzelstücken oder -gliedern (5 I, 6 I, 5 EI, 5 E2, 6 E1, 6 E2) gebildet sind, dessen Dicke zumindest zehn Millimeter beträgt, daß die Einzelstücke oder -glieder durch mechanisches, ausbaubares und abdichtendes Zusammensetzen miteinander verbunden sind und daß die mechanische Zusammensetzung für jedes zusammenzusetzende Glied:
― einen peripherischen Absatz (17, 21, 26, 30), der auf der Seite der abgedichtetern Kammer liegt und dessen Ebene senkrecht zur Achse (18, 27) des rohr förmigen Zwischenteiles verläuft,
― ein koaxial zum rohrförmigen Zwischenteil verlaufendes Gewinde (19, 22, 28, 31),
Zentriermittel (20, 23, 29, 32), die aus zylinderförmigen zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen der zusammenzusetzenden Glieder der Elektrode gebildet sind, wobei die zylinderförmigen Oberflächen koaxial zum rohrförmigen Teil verlaufen sowie das Gewinde dem entsprechenden Absatz gegenüberliegend verlängern, und
― eine zwischen zwei zusammengesetzten Gliedern angeordnete Dichtung (24, 33) aufweist.
2. Elektrode nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gewinde (19, 22, 28, 31) jedes zusammemzusetzenden Gliedes zumindest allgemein mit halber Dicke des Gliedes ausgeführt ist.
3. Elektrode nach einem der vorhergehedern Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtung zwischen den beiden peripherischem zusammenwirkenden Absätzen zwei zusammengesetzten Gliedern angeordnet ist.
4. Elektrode nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mechanische Zusammensetzung darüber hinaus für jedes zusammenzusetzende Glied eine zylinderförmige Oberfläche (35, 36) aufweist, die zum rohrförmigen Zwischenteil koaxial verläuft und dem Absatz nachfolgend angeordnet ist, wobei das Gewinde (19, 22, 28, 31) zum rohrförmigen Zwischenteil ebenfalls koaxial verläuft und die Dichtung (37) zwischen dem zylinderförmigen zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen der beiden zusammengesetzten Glieder angeordnet ist.
5. Plasmabrenner (1) bestehend aus zumindest einer Elektrode (5, 6), die aus einem rohrförmigen Zwischenteil zum Einhängen der Lichtbogenfüße, der von Endteilen zum Anschließen an weitere Bauteile des Brenners verlängert ist, besteht, wobei die Elektrode in einer abgedichteten Kammer (9, 10) angeordnet ist, in der ein Kühlüngsmittel umläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischen- und Endteile aus Einzelstücken oder -gliedern (5 I, 6 I, 5 EI, 5 E2, 6 E1, 6 E2) gebildet sind, dessen Dicke zumindest zehn Millimeter beträgt, daß die Einzelstücke oder -glieder durch mechanisches, ausbaubares und abdichtendes Zusammensetzen miteinander verbundern sind und daß die mechanische Zusammensetzung für jedes zusammenzusetzende Glied:
― einen peripherischen Absatz (17, 21, 26, 30), der auf der Seite der abgedichteten Kammer liegt und dessen Ebene senkrecht zur Achse (18, 27) des rohrförmigern Zwischenteiles verläuft,
― ein koaxial zum rohrförmigen Zwischenteil verlaufendes Gewinde (19, 22, 28, 31),
― Zentriermittel (20, 23, 29, 32), die aus zylinderförmigern zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen der zusammenzusetzenden Glieder der Elektrode gebildet sind, wobei die zylinderförmigen Oberflächen koaxial zum rohrförmigen Teil verlaufen sowie das Gewinde dem entsprechenden Absatz gegenüberliegend verlängern, und
― eine zwischen den beiden zusammengesetzten Gliederrn angeordnete Dichtung (24, 33) aufweist.
6. Plasmabrenner nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mechanische Zusammensetzung die in einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 2 bis 4 angeführten Merkmale besitzt.
7. Plasmabrenner nach Anspruch 5, bestehend aus einer ersten und einer zweiten Elektrode, die aufeinanderfolgend koaxial angeordnet liegen, wobei der Endteil der zweiten Elektrode der ersten Elektrode gegenüberstehend eine Ausweitung (25) des zwischenliegenden Teils der zweiten Elektrode bildet, die mit zylinderförmigen Zentrierflächen versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusammenarbeitenden zylinderförmigen Zentrierflächen, die von dem Endteil und dem Zwischentteil der zweiten Elektrode getragen werden, bis zur Ausweitung hin derart verlängert sind, daß das Ende des rohrförmigen Zwischenteils der zweiten Elektrode den Mittelteil (34) des Ausweitung (25) bildet.
EP88401035A 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Rohrförmige Elektrode für Plasmabrenner und Plasmabrenner mit solchen Elektroden Expired - Lifetime EP0289423B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88401035T ATE69351T1 (de) 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Rohrfoermige elektrode fuer plasmabrenner und plasmabrenner mit solchen elektroden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706085A FR2614750B1 (fr) 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Electrode tubulaire pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma pourvue de telles electrodes
FR8706085 1987-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0289423A1 EP0289423A1 (de) 1988-11-02
EP0289423B1 true EP0289423B1 (de) 1991-11-06

Family

ID=9350626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401035A Expired - Lifetime EP0289423B1 (de) 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Rohrförmige Elektrode für Plasmabrenner und Plasmabrenner mit solchen Elektroden

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US4891490A (de)
EP (1) EP0289423B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0732074B2 (de)
KR (1) KR960000936B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE69351T1 (de)
AU (1) AU604880B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8802101A (de)
CA (1) CA1279106C (de)
DE (1) DE3866005D1 (de)
DK (1) DK169396B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2028319T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2614750B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA882807B (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2614750B1 (fr) * 1987-04-29 1991-10-04 Aerospatiale Electrode tubulaire pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma pourvue de telles electrodes
CA1323670C (en) * 1988-05-17 1993-10-26 Subramania Ramakrishnan Electric arc reactor
US5147998A (en) * 1991-05-29 1992-09-15 Noranda Inc. High enthalpy plasma torch
US5239162A (en) * 1992-01-30 1993-08-24 Retech, Inc. Arc plasma torch having tapered-bore electrode
FR2689359B1 (fr) * 1992-03-27 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Dispositif d'aide a la maintenance pour torche a plasma.
CH690408A5 (de) * 1996-02-23 2000-08-31 Mgc Plasma Ag Plasmabrenner für übertragenen Lichtbogen.
US5866871A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-02-02 Birx; Daniel Plasma gun and methods for the use thereof
KR100776068B1 (ko) * 2000-04-10 2007-11-15 테트로닉스 엘티디 트윈 플라즈마 토치 장치
US8581496B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2013-11-12 Oaks Plasma, LLC. Self-igniting long arc plasma torch
FR2986396A1 (fr) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-02 Air Liquide Torche a plasma d'arc avec amelioration du centrage axial de l'electrode
KR101249457B1 (ko) * 2012-05-07 2013-04-03 지에스플라텍 주식회사 비이송식 공동형 플라즈마 토치
WO2020206429A1 (en) * 2019-04-04 2020-10-08 Hypertherm, Inc. Adjustable length consumables for a liquid-cooled plasma arc torch

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4891490A (en) * 1987-04-29 1990-01-02 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Tubular electrode for plasma torch and plasma torch provided with such electrodes

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818174A (en) * 1972-11-09 1974-06-18 Technology Applic Services Cor Long arc column forming plasma generator
FR2473248A1 (fr) * 1980-01-07 1981-07-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur de gaz ionise a tres haute pression et tres haute temperature
US4455470A (en) * 1981-08-14 1984-06-19 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Plasma spray gun nozzle and coolant deionizer
US4559439A (en) * 1983-01-21 1985-12-17 Plasma Energy Corporation Field convertible plasma generator and its method of operation
US4549065A (en) * 1983-01-21 1985-10-22 Technology Application Services Corporation Plasma generator and method
US4678888A (en) * 1983-01-21 1987-07-07 Plasma Energy Corporation Power circuit apparatus for starting and operating plasma arc
US4587397A (en) * 1983-12-02 1986-05-06 Plasma Energy Corporation Plasma arc torch
US4570048A (en) * 1984-06-29 1986-02-11 Plasma Materials, Inc. Plasma jet torch having gas vortex in its nozzle for arc constriction
US4625092A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-11-25 Plasma Energy Corporation Plasma arc bulk air heating apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4891490A (en) * 1987-04-29 1990-01-02 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Tubular electrode for plasma torch and plasma torch provided with such electrodes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK169396B1 (da) 1994-10-17
DK209588A (da) 1988-10-30
AU604880B2 (en) 1991-01-03
FR2614750A1 (fr) 1988-11-04
EP0289423A1 (de) 1988-11-02
US4891490A (en) 1990-01-02
DK209588D0 (da) 1988-04-18
AU1528788A (en) 1988-11-03
JPH0732074B2 (ja) 1995-04-10
FR2614750B1 (fr) 1991-10-04
JPS63274096A (ja) 1988-11-11
BR8802101A (pt) 1988-11-29
KR960000936B1 (ko) 1996-01-15
ZA882807B (en) 1988-10-20
KR880013425A (ko) 1988-11-30
CA1279106C (fr) 1991-01-15
DE3866005D1 (de) 1991-12-12
ATE69351T1 (de) 1991-11-15
ES2028319T3 (es) 1992-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0289423B1 (de) Rohrförmige Elektrode für Plasmabrenner und Plasmabrenner mit solchen Elektroden
EP1653530A1 (de) Akkumulator mit zwei Stromsanschlüssen auf einer Behälterseite
EP1169890A1 (de) Kopf für plasmabrenner und damit ausgerüsteter plasmabrenner
FR2718886A1 (fr) Système de raccordement électrique pour générateur électrochimique.
FR2913530A1 (fr) Terminal electrique pour accumulateur etanche.
EP2751820B1 (de) Verbinder zwischen zwei zylindrischen energiespeicherzellen
CA2370462C (fr) Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee
EP1221729A1 (de) Elektrisches Verbindungssystem für elektrochemische Generatoren
EP0111643A1 (de) Dichte elektrische Verbindung durch eine Wand einer alkalischen Batterie
FR2672735A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'une enveloppe sous pression pour une batterie oxyde metallique-hydrogene.
FR2863817A1 (fr) Tuyere a deflecteur pour torche a l'arc plasma
FR2539917A1 (fr) Generateur electrochimique de type bouton
WO2017157794A1 (fr) Procede de soudage entre un element conducteur et un pole de batterie
EP3316350B1 (de) Elektrisches anschlussstück für akkumulator
EP3035411A1 (de) Verbindungsverfahren in einem akkumulator, und so verbundener akkumulator
WO2019137840A1 (fr) Creuset froid et collecteur de refroidissement associe pour dispositif de chauffage par induction
WO2015149952A1 (fr) Dispositif thermo electriques et module thermo electrique, notamment destines a generer un courant electrique dans un vehicule automobile
EP0117804B1 (de) Herstellungsverfahren eines Mikrowellenhohlraumresonators und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Hohlraumresonator
EP0208600A1 (de) Aus gestanzten Teilen zusammengefügtes Gerät für pulsierende Verbrennung
FR2752092A1 (fr) Generateur electrochimique a electrodes spiralees
EP3729548A1 (de) Verbinder mit rauem oberflächenzustand zur gewährleistung der dichtigkeit
FR2682535A1 (fr) Receptacle soude sous pression pour batterie a oxyde metallique-hydrogene utilisant une bague de soudure flexible.
EP0060746A1 (de) Elektrolysegerät mit temperaturstabiler Struktur
WO2023165848A1 (fr) Plaque bipolaire de pile à combustible ou d'électrolyseur
EP1225672B1 (de) Gerät zur Kontrolle eines internen Fehlerlichtbogens für einen Anschlussmodul in einer gasisolierten Hochspannungsleitung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19881205

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900510

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69351

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19911115

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3866005

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19911212

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2028319

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88401035.6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19990412

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19990413

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19990419

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19990423

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19990428

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19990429

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990430

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19990430

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19990505

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000428

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000428

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000428

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000429

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 20000429

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000430

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000430

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: AEROSPATIALE SOC. NATIONALE INDUSTRIELLE

Effective date: 20000430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001101

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88401035.6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20000428

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20001101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20020204

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050428