EP0289355A2 - Méthodes et appareil pour la combustion de la matière organique - Google Patents

Méthodes et appareil pour la combustion de la matière organique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0289355A2
EP0289355A2 EP88303952A EP88303952A EP0289355A2 EP 0289355 A2 EP0289355 A2 EP 0289355A2 EP 88303952 A EP88303952 A EP 88303952A EP 88303952 A EP88303952 A EP 88303952A EP 0289355 A2 EP0289355 A2 EP 0289355A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
combustion
outlet
gas
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88303952A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0289355A3 (fr
Inventor
James David Willis
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Utec BV
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Utec BV
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Publication date
Application filed by Utec BV filed Critical Utec BV
Publication of EP0289355A2 publication Critical patent/EP0289355A2/fr
Publication of EP0289355A3 publication Critical patent/EP0289355A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the combustion of organic matter, for the purpose of generating heat energy, and is concerned with improved methods and apparatus of combustion.
  • the present invention is based upon the discovery and development of improved methods of (1) gasification of organic materials of all kinds and (2) combustion of the resultant gas products, which themselves comprise organic matter.
  • the present invention is also concerned with improvements in the principles of construction and operation of various forms of apparatus, including combustion units per se and also thermal converters, for use in carrying out the combustion of organic matter.
  • a method of combustion comprises introducing a combustible gas and air into a gas combustion chamber effecting combustion of the gas and the air within the chamber and withdrawing from the chamber a hot combusted gas stream, characterised in that:
  • the inlet or inlets is/are disposed tangentially of a circle described about the chamber axis and the flame produced by the combustion follows a cyclonic path about the chamber axis.
  • a consequence of the method of combustion of the invention is that any non-combustible solids entering the chamber and/or resulting from the combustion are separated from the combusted gas stream; this can be accomplished by reason of the fact that any such solids tend to migrate toward the chamber surface.
  • a preferred feature of the method of the invention is the provision of means at the outlet end for collecting any such solids and so preventing them from becoming entrained in the hot combusted gas stream discharged from the chamber outlet.
  • the combustible gas and the air are introduced into the combustion chamber as separate streams, and the air stream is located, at the inlet end, between the gas stream and the chamber wall.
  • the outlet end of the chamber includes an axial outlet aperture, i.e. the outlet for the combusted gas stream is disposed about the axis of the combustion chamber.
  • this axial outlet or aperture is radially smaller than the chamber or (at least) the tangent circle at the inlet end of the combustion chamber, whereby the combustion flame assumes a conical shape tapering from the chamber inlet end to the outlet aperture or outlet end, which aperture itself is preferably circular.
  • the combustible gas is the product obtained by the air-induced thermal gasification of organic matter effected within a primary chamber and is introduced, if necessary, in conjunction with one or more separate combustion air streams, into a secondary chamber comprising the above-mentioned gas combustion chamber.
  • the combustible gas is withdrawn from the outlet in the primary combustion chamber and such outlet is connected to an inlet end of the first-mentioned chamber, i.e. the gas combustion chamber.
  • the primary chamber can be defined by any surface of revolution about a longitudinal axis
  • the primary chamber can conveniently be cylindrical or conical; it can also be of other shapes, as described below.
  • the longitudinal axes of the two chambers are parallel.
  • the pressure gradient provided between the inlet end and the outlet end of the gas combustion chamber is derived by connecting the outlet to a source of suction or the inlet to a source of pressure, such as an electrically-driven fan, connected appropriately to the chamber, either directly to its outlet or indirectly.
  • the apparatus comprises a primary or gasificaton chamber, serving as the source for production of the combustible gas introduced into the secondary or combustion chamber
  • the pressure gradient can if desired by established between the inlet to the primary chamber, e.g. by supplying combustion air under pressure to the inlet to the gasification chamber.
  • the combustion air and the combustible gas are drawn through the combustion chamber in a helical path, due to the tangential arrangement of the inlet end, where one and preferably both of the gas and the air enter tangentially.
  • the one or more inlets are preferably located at or adjacent one end of the chamber, while the outlet aperture is located at or adjacent the other end. This arrangement gives the maximum length for the cyclonic or helical path of the combustion flame.
  • the maximum length of the flame is, in practice, merely limited by the physical dimensions of the combustion chamber, the size and shape of the inlet or inlets and therefore the effective width of the air stream, i.e.
  • the flame temperature can be raised to very high values.
  • the hot product gas stream can leave the outlet at a temperature up to 1500°C, while the combustion air can enter at room temperature, e.g.
  • the temperature of the combustible gas stream largely depends upon the way in which it is produced.
  • the flame temperature can be exceptionally high, for instance, within the range from 2000°C to 2800°C.
  • a major feature of the invention namely, the cyclonic flame path and the means by which it is spaced inwardly from the chamber wall, whether or not this is assisted by the interposition of a combustion air stream between the combustible gas and the chamber, means that normal and therefore much less expensive materials can be used to make the apparatus in which the combustion takes place.
  • the flame in a small air-induced thermal converter, constructed according to the present invention, having a cylindrical chamber of the dimensions given above, the flame can be kept out of direct contact with the wall so effectively that there can be, for instance, a central flame temperature of 2000° to 2500°C, a temperature midway to the wall of 1200°C and a wall temperature of 400°C.
  • the materials of construction of the apparatus need not include or be lined with ceramic refractories, for instance, as mild steel is a wholly satisfactory material for making the whole of the apparatus, even though it softens at about 1500°C and melts at 1800°C i.e. up to 1000°C or even more below the maximum flame temperatures likely to be attained.
  • the maximum flame temperature obtained in carrying out the method of the invention is higher than the softening temperature of the material of construction of the gas combustion chamber.
  • the inlet into the combustion chamber has an area in cross-section, at the point from which the combustion flame is generated, which is from one half to three-quarters and, most preferably, two thirds of the area in cross-section of the outlet.
  • the inlet is preferably so constructed that, in operation, the gas and air streams enter the chamber in amounts in the proportion of 1.1:1 by volume, under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. It has been found that each of these features has a significant effect upon the series of reactions involved in the combustion of the gas with the air and that this maximises the flame temperature and therefore the efficiency of the conversion of the combustible gas into heat energy in the form of the hot product gas stream. Where the combustible gas is derived from waste organic solids, these features therefore conduct to the highest degree of efficiency, by which the organic matter is converted into thermal energy.
  • combustion apparatus comprises a combustion chamber, defined by a surface of revolution about an axis extending longitudinally from an inlet end to an outlet end of the chamber, and means for producing within the chamber a pressure gradient which reduces from the inlet end to the outlet end, wherein the inlet end includes, for introducing the gas and/or the air into the chamber, at least one inlet disposed tangentially of a circle about the chamber axis, whereby in operation the combustion flame follows a cyclonic path about the chamber axis.
  • the combustion chamber is arranged so that its longitudinal axis is horizontal.
  • the outlet end of the combustion chamber includes an axial outlet aperture.
  • This aperture is preferably radially smaller than the chamber or at least the tangent circle at the inlet end; it is also preferable for the outlet aperture to be associated with means at the outlet end for retaining any non-combustible material introduced into or formed in the combustion chamber.
  • One form of such means which can be very effective in ensuring that the hot gas stream is substantially free from solid contaminants, comprises a tube coaxial with the chamber and itself defining the outlet aperture, which extends into the chamber from a wall defining the outlet end, whereby an annular region is formed by the end wall and the adjacent parts of the chamber surface and the tube.
  • a combustion apparatus comprises a cylindrical chamber having a tangential inlet adjacent one end of the chamber and an outlet adjacent the other end, the inlet end being separately connectible to a source of combustible gas and to a source of combustion air, the latter desirably entering the inlet between the combustion gas and the the wall of the chamber, and means for producing a pressure gradient which reduces from the point of entry of the combustion air into the inlet to the outlet, whereby the flame formed by the combustion follows an elongated helical path from the inlet toward the outlet and is spaced inwardly from the chamber wall.
  • the apparatus comprises:
  • the primary and secondary chambers comprise generally similarly shaped, e.g. cylindrical, compartments disposed horizontally and mutually parallel, so that the inlet end of the primary chamber and the outlet end of the secondary chamber are located at one end of the apparatus and the respective outlet and inlet ends and the duct interconnecting them are located at the other end the apparatus.
  • the solid organic material is introduced into it, either batchwise or continuously, via an inlet doorway or port incorporated into the inlet end of the compartment and the primary or gasification air is also introduced at such inlet end. It is preferable, with this arrangement of the apparatus, to provide as the main source of combustion air for gasification, an air duct which is connected to an air inlet pipe disposed longitudinally of the primary chamber along its lowest part and therefore generally parallel to the chamber axis.
  • the air inlet pipe desirably provided with a large number of air apertures disposed along its length, not only supplies combustion air for gasification of the biomass or other organic material fed into the primary chamber, but also does so in a way which effectively fluidizes the organic material.
  • the air inlet tube can advantageously be a duct, e.g. of square cross-section, mounted so as to lie in contact with the lowest part of the inner wall surface of the primary chamber, and having a series of air discharge holes in each of its side walls and, if required, also in its upper wall.
  • the gasification thus takes place, in this embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, in the form of a fluidized bed lying in a horizontal cylindrical chamber, the resultant combustible gas stream, mixed with combustion air, can readily be made to undergo the desired spiralling or vortex-like movement, when it passes into the secondary or combustion chamber.
  • the duct interconnecting the two chambers can advantageously discharge from the primary chamber tangentially, so that the gas stream readily continues this path of movement as it leaves the inter­connecting duct and passes tangentially into the secondary chamber.
  • the primary combustion chamber instead of being a horizontally-disposed cylinder, is essentially square in plan and rectangular in elevation and the secondary or combustion chamber is cylindrical and thus circular in end elevation, the longitudinal axis of the cylinder lying horizontal, it has been found that the upright primary or gasification chamber, which operates on the downdraught principle, should desirably have a height which is the same as the length of the secondary or combustion chamber, whilst the side of the square horizontal cross-section of the primary or gasification chamber is the same as the diameter of the secondary or combustion chamber.
  • the internal volume of the primary chamber is thus greater than the internal volume of the secondary chamber; it is found that this volume relationship ensures that the combustion takes place in a highly satisfactory way, even though the reasons for this are not easily ascertainable. It will of course be appreciated that an induced thermal converter or other apparatus can be constructed, in accordance with this embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, which has a different volume relationship between the units comprising the primary and secondary combustion chambers.
  • a primary air intake is preferably provided at one side of the lower part of the gasification chamber and combustion actually takes place there in a lateral or downdraught mode, in the lower part of the chamber proper.
  • the mixing throat leading to the secondary or gas combustion chamber is preferably disposed under a second grate, located on the opposite side of the primary chamber from the primary air intake.
  • the mixing throat leads to the tangential inlet into the secondary chamber and the pressure gradient reducing from the inlet to the outlet of the secondary chamber is then established, preferably by air induction,for instance by the operation of a driven, e.g. electrically-operated, suction fan connected to the outlet from the secondary chamber.
  • the combustion air stream is thus located externally of the combustible gas stream, in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical secondary or combustion chamber.
  • spontaneous ignition takes place as it meets the secondary air stream in the mixing throat and, as the latter is disposed between the combust­ible gas stream and the wall of the secondary chamber, the resultant flame also is spaced from the wall.
  • the flame is induced by the suction of the fan to follow a long helical path travelling around the axis of the secondary chamber near to but not at its wall and discharging via the outlet duct.
  • the secondary air intake supplying. the combustion air stream to the secondary chamber can be connected to the outlet from a fan, which therefore establishes the aforementioned pressure gradient by increasing the pressure of the combustion air stream at the inlet to the secondary chamber. Whichever method of air induction is used, a reduced pressure is established at the mixing throat so that the combustion air stream is brought into contact side-by-side with and generally parallel to the combustible gas stream.
  • organic solid material of any particulate size and nature can be used, including essentially cellulosic products such as paper, rags, wood, sawdust and scrap card and similar products.
  • the material is preferably divided into pieces which are sufficiently small to enable the mass of solid material to be easily feedable into the primary or gasification chamber, where it is ignited, e.g. on a grate area, at the base of the primary chamber.
  • the helical or cyclonic motion of the gas stream as it passes around the wall of the secondary or combustion chamber, generates a zone of reduced pressure adjacent the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical chamber. Together with the location of the combustion air stream outside the combustible gas stream or the tendency of the less expanded air to be flung outwardly, this ensures that the flame which results from the combustion is itself drawn inwardly toward the axis of the secondary or combustion chamber and therefore away from direct contact with its cylindrical wall.
  • the primary effects of the combustion arrangements according to the invention are that the flame travels at a much higher speed than would otherwise be the case, it therefore reaches a much higher temperature and extends over a much greater length, ensuring the substan­tially complete combustion of all particulate matter in the combustible gas stream, including any solid particulate materials which may be entrained in the gas stream as it enters the combustion chamber.
  • the hot gaseous stream which is discharged from the outlet from the secondary combustion chamber is therefore much hotter and cleaner than would otherwise be the case.
  • a quantity of organic combustible material is put into the primary chamber, the fan is operated so as to induce an air current, e.g. through the secondary air intake, and to establish the helical path for the air stream from the inlet to the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, the solid material is then ignited and continues to burn under the influence of the primary air stream.
  • the products therefore gasify so that the resultant combustible gas stream is drawn into the inlet to the secondary combustion chamber, which it enters tangentially, because of the constructional arrangements described.
  • a primary or gasification chamber 10 consists of four generally rectangular steel side plates 11 welded at their upright edges and connected at their lower ends to a square base plate 12.
  • the side plates 11 are rectangular, one side plate, 11a, including a circular aperture 13 to which is attached a primary air intake duct 14.
  • This duct 14 can include an air control valve, indicated diagrammatically at 15.
  • a primary air stream, for the combustion in the primary chamber 10 of organic material, for the purpose of its gasification enters the duct 14 under control of the valve 15, as indicated by the arrow 16.
  • the opposite side plate 11b of the gasification chamber 10 includes a lower aperture 17, which may be of full or partial width, and leads to a mixing throat 18, the construction of which is described in more detail below.
  • a front grate 19 is preferably located so as to be inclined towards the base of the chamber 10, while a rear grate 20 is similarly located at the opposite side of the base of the chamber 10, extending from above the mixing throat 18 to the base plate 12. Also, as indicated in Fig.
  • the lower part of the chamber 10 can in practice be constructed so that the solid material fed into it from the top falls downwardly and towards the centre as it undergoes combustion, so that gasification takes place generally in the lower part of the volume of the primary chamber 10, approximately beneath the chain-­dotted line 22 indicated in Fig. 1. It is unnecessary for the primary chamber 10 to include any lid, though one can be provided if so desired. In practice, almost the entire combustion air enters in the direction of the arrow 16 via the duct 14 and the gaseous products fo combustion leave the chamber 10 through the rear grate an the mixing throat 18.
  • the secondary or gas combustion chamber 23 is a cylinder having an inlet end and an outlet end and is defined by a cylindrical wall 24, the inside of which is a surface of revolution 38 described about a horizontal longitudinal axis 37 and closed at its inlet and outlet ends by respective circular end plates 25.
  • the mixing throat 18 constitutes an inlet both for the combustible gas produced by the gasification in the chamber 10 and for the combustion air introduced via the open top of the chamber 10, the duct 14 and another duct 30, as described below.
  • the throat or inlet 18 is connected tangentially to the secondary chamber 23 adjacent its inlet end 25a, namely an inlet end plate 25, via an inlet aperture 26.
  • the end plate 25 joins the wall 24 at a circle about the axis 37 and that the (or each) inlet 18 is disposed tangentially of that circle.
  • an outlet conduit 27 is attached and leads, as best shown in Fig. 2, to a suction fan unit 28.
  • the fan unit 28 can be of any suitable construction and typically is a turbine fan driven by an electric motor (not shown), indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 2 by a shaft 29.
  • the mixing throat 18 comprises a duct, the upper part of the entry end of which, adjacent the aperture 17, is connected to the outlet from the primary chamber 10.
  • the lower part of the entry to the throat 18 is an aperture 34, which is the exit end of a secondary air inlet duct 30 disposed beneath the chamber 10 and including a control valve 32, to which secondary combustion air is fed as indicated by an arrow 33.
  • a gas stream from the primary chamber 10 entering the mixing throat 18 via the aperture 17 is located above the aperture 34 forming the exit from the inlet duct 30 where the secondary air stream enters.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inlet aperture 26 leading from the mixing throat 18 to the chamber 23, in the vertical plane, is preferably approximately two thirds the area fo the exit aperture from the secondary combustion chamber 23 represented by the cross-section of the outlet conduit 27.
  • combustible organic solid waste material supplied to the primary chamber 10 is combusted, i.e. gasified, under the influence of the primary combustion air stream represented by the arrow 16, the gaseous product stream passes from the primary chamber 10 to the secondary combustion chamber 23, which it enters tangentially via the aperture 26, in conjunction with the secondary combustion air stream entering via the duct 30 and represented by the arrow 33.
  • the tangential entry of the gas and/or air is brought about because the inlet aperture 26 and the throat 18 are disposed tangentially of a circle (not shown) about the horizontal longitudinal axis of the cylindrical chamber 23.
  • a long flame is generated as the combustible gas stream and the combustion air stream meet and this flame follows a cyclonic, i.e. a generally helical, path around and therefore along the secondary or combustion chamber 23, as indicated by the circular series of arrows 35 in Fig. 1.
  • the fan 28 discharges a hot gas product stream, as indicated by the arrow 36.
  • the pressure gradient can be generated in practice by locating the fan 28 so that it provides suction, as indicated at S, at the outlet 27 from the secondary chamber 23 or it can be connected instead to the inlet duct 30 and generate the desired pressure gradient by inducing pressure at that inlet, as indicated in Fig. 1 by P.
  • the preferred spatial relationship between the primary chamber 10 and the secondary chamber 23 is given if the height a of the primary combustion chamber 10, as indicated in Fig. 1, is at least approximately equal to the length c of the secondary chamber 23, i.e. its dimension in the direction of its longitudinal axis, whilst the side b of the square section primary chamber 10 of Fig. 1 is approximately equal to the diameter d of the circular cross-section of the secondary chamber 23.
  • FIG. 1 a combuster of considerable versatility and yet simple and robust construction is shown.
  • Two mild steel cylindrical chambers are arranged side by side and with their longitud­inal axes horizontal and therefore mutually parallel.
  • Each of the chambers, shown at 50 and 51 has an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end 52 of the primary chamber 50 and the outlet end 55 of the secondary chamber 51 being at one end of the apparatus, while the outlet end 53 of the chamber 50 and the inlet end 54 of the chamber 51 are at the opposite end of the apparatus.
  • They can be secured together,e.g. by being welded to a spaced pair of upright steel plates 56,57 which have outward flanges at their lower edges and are joined together at ground level by welded angle irons 58. This enables the apparatus to stand upon any suitable level surface.
  • the inlet end 52 of the primary or gasification chamber 50 is equipped with a large rectangular opening 59 surrounded by projecting walls 60 and formed in the circular end plate 61 welded to the chamber 50 at the inlet end 52.
  • Solid organic material to be gasified is fed via the opening 59 to the interior of the chamber 50 by any suitable means.
  • the organic matter can be introduced in batches or continuously; in the latter case, a conveyor (not shown) can be arranged to deliver organic material for gasification through the opening 59.
  • Means supporting the conveyor can be conven­iently mounted on the flange walls 60, for instance. If necessary, an enclosure can be provided to shut the opening 59 in the end wall formed by the plate 61.
  • the plate 61 receives an inlet pipe 62 for combustion air, which is fed to the pipe 62 under pressure, as indicated by an arrow 63.
  • the pipe 62 is connected to a combustion air supply duct 64, in the form of a square-section tube extending substantially the whole length of the chamber 50 from its inlet end 52 to its outlet end 53.
  • the air supply duct 64 is mounted within the chamber 50 adjacent its lowest point, so that it is located underneath the mass of organic matter fed into the chamber 50 to be gasified.
  • a series of air holes 65 are provided along the two sides of the duct 64 and, if desired, also in its top, as indicated at 66.
  • the product consists of a combustible gas stream, which can also contain oxygen in the form of non-combusted air, and this passes to the outlet end 53 of the chamber 50 under the influence of the reducing pressure gradient established from the inlet end 52 to the outlet end 55 of the chamber 51.
  • the combustible gas stream is discharged from the chamber 50 and passed to the chamber 51 via a duct 67 interconnecting their respective ends 53 and 54.
  • the duct 67 can consist of a rectangular conduit formed of welded steel plates, which passes tangentially from the outlet end 53 and also tangentially into the inlet end 54.
  • the plate forming the inlet end 54 is circular, as shown, and thus defines a circle at its perimeter where it is welded to the chamber wall 51, such circle having the inlet 67 tangential to it about the axis 85.
  • the duct 67 can include an inlet aperture 68, by which secondary or further combustion air can be fed into the duct 67, as indicated by the arrow 69.
  • the aperture 68 can be closed, if it is not required for this purpose, e.g. by means of an attached plate.
  • the combustible gas the combustible air enter the chamber 51 which being a cylinder, is defined by a surface of revolution about its longitudinal axis extending from its inlet end 54 to its outlet end 55, under a reducing pressure gradient and tangentially, the resultant combustion flame follows a cyclonic path. This is shown diagramatically by a series of arrows 70 in Fig. 4.
  • the secondary or gas combustion chamber 51 can be closed off at its inlet end 54 by an end plate 71 or, instead, can be provided with a removable closure plate, as indicated in dotted lines at 72. Removal of the plate 72 can facilitate discharge from the chamber 51 of solid material, as explained in detail below.
  • the chamber 51 may be provided with a pipe connection 73, attached over an axial aperture 74 in the end plate 74 of the chamber 51 and capable of connection to an outlet or exhaust pipe (not shown) or any other suitable connection, by which the hot combusted gas stream can be conveyed to its place of use, for heating, heat exchange, steam raising or other purpose.
  • the outlet end 55 of the chamber 51 can also be provided with an upwardly-extending end chamber 75, formed by steel plates welded to the cylinder.
  • This end chamber 75 can include a rectangular or other aperture 76 facing longitudinally over the chamber 51 and can receive any one of a number of forms of apparatus for use of the heat of the hot combusted gas product.
  • a pipe connection 77 can be provided instead of the connection 73 attached directly to the outlet end 55.
  • the hot gas product can thus leave the apparatus via the outlet end 55 and an axial connection 73, as indicated by the arrow 78, or it can leave via the end chamber 75 and the connection 77, as indicated by the arrow 79.
  • the outlet from the end chamber 75 represented by the aperture 76 can be coupled for instance to a bundle of tubes (not shown in detail) attached above the chamber 51 and having one end of the bundle connected to the aperture 76 and the other end discharging cooled or heat exchanged gas product as indicated by the arrow 80.
  • the tube bundle used for such heat exchange purposes can thus be located within the region indicated at 81 and bounded by chain-dotted lines.
  • An annular baffle plate 81 is welded inside the chamber 51 adjacent the outlet end 55. Where the end chamber 75 is provided, the plate 81 is conveniently located just upstream of it.
  • the plate 81 has its periphery sealed to the interior of the chamber 51 and includes an axial aperture, in which a baffle tube 82 is mounted, e.g. by welding.
  • This tube 82 is located so as to extend from the plate 81 towards the inlet end of the chamber 51.
  • the flame assumes a tapering conical shape, so that its velocity increases and the centrifugal force causing any solids to migrate from the axis towards the surface of the chamber 51 also increases, as it approaches the outlet end 55. Any non-combustible solids are thus flung towards the exterior of the cylindrical chamber 51 and become trapped in the annular region, indicated at 83, located between the chamber 51 and the tube 82, adjacent the plate 81.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP88303952A 1987-05-01 1988-04-29 Méthodes et appareil pour la combustion de la matière organique Withdrawn EP0289355A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8710462 1987-05-01
GB878710462A GB8710462D0 (en) 1987-05-01 1987-05-01 Combustion of organic matter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0289355A2 true EP0289355A2 (fr) 1988-11-02
EP0289355A3 EP0289355A3 (fr) 1990-03-21

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EP88303952A Withdrawn EP0289355A3 (fr) 1987-05-01 1988-04-29 Méthodes et appareil pour la combustion de la matière organique

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EP (1) EP0289355A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN88102495A (fr)
BR (1) BR8802097A (fr)
GB (1) GB8710462D0 (fr)
OA (1) OA08877A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA882417B (fr)
ZM (1) ZM2088A1 (fr)
ZW (1) ZW4688A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0340859A1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-08 Machinefabriek G. van der Ploeg B.V. Chaudière
FR2649782A1 (fr) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-18 Huret Christian Procede d'incineration et four pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0525711A2 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 Paul Christian Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matières solides
EP0537027A1 (fr) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-14 D & C ENGINEERING B.V. Appareil de combustion
DE102013207724A1 (de) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verbrennungsanlage mit verbesserter Lüftung und zyklonartiger Brennkammer
US8956823B2 (en) 2007-08-20 2015-02-17 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Anti-antibody reagent

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT218157B (de) * 1957-10-31 1961-11-10 Bataafsche Petroleum Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen eines Brennstoffes
EP0188073A2 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-07-23 Paul Douglas Williams Zone d'extraction pour des brûleurs à combustible solide

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AT218157B (de) * 1957-10-31 1961-11-10 Bataafsche Petroleum Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen eines Brennstoffes
EP0188073A2 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-07-23 Paul Douglas Williams Zone d'extraction pour des brûleurs à combustible solide

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0340859A1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-08 Machinefabriek G. van der Ploeg B.V. Chaudière
FR2649782A1 (fr) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-18 Huret Christian Procede d'incineration et four pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0525711A2 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 Paul Christian Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matières solides
EP0525711A3 (en) * 1991-07-29 1993-03-03 Paul Christian Device for burning bio-masses and solid materials
EP0537027A1 (fr) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-14 D & C ENGINEERING B.V. Appareil de combustion
WO1993007421A1 (fr) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-15 D & C Engineering B.V. Bruleur
US8956823B2 (en) 2007-08-20 2015-02-17 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Anti-antibody reagent
US9383354B2 (en) 2007-08-20 2016-07-05 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Anti-antibody reagent
DE102013207724A1 (de) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verbrennungsanlage mit verbesserter Lüftung und zyklonartiger Brennkammer
US10724736B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2020-07-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Small heating system with improved ventilation and cyclonic combustion chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8710462D0 (en) 1987-06-03
ZW4688A1 (en) 1988-09-21
OA08877A (en) 1989-10-31
EP0289355A3 (fr) 1990-03-21
BR8802097A (pt) 1988-11-29
CN88102495A (zh) 1988-11-16
ZA882417B (en) 1989-06-28
ZM2088A1 (en) 1989-03-27

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