EP0288915A2 - Electric radiant heating element for heating a plate, in particular a glass-ceramic plate - Google Patents

Electric radiant heating element for heating a plate, in particular a glass-ceramic plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0288915A2
EP0288915A2 EP88106444A EP88106444A EP0288915A2 EP 0288915 A2 EP0288915 A2 EP 0288915A2 EP 88106444 A EP88106444 A EP 88106444A EP 88106444 A EP88106444 A EP 88106444A EP 0288915 A2 EP0288915 A2 EP 0288915A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature sensor
plate
radiant heater
insulating body
spacer
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Application number
EP88106444A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0288915B2 (en
EP0288915A3 (en
EP0288915B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Gössler
Eugen Wilde
Robert Kicherer
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/04—Heating plates with overheat protection means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric radiant heater for heating a plate, in particular a glass ceramic plate according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such radiant heaters usually have a temperature sensor, the outer tube of which consists of an insulating material, in particular quartz or quartz glass. It is either itself included in the expansion system of the sensor, in which it forms a tube with a low expansion coefficient, in which there is a tension rod with a higher expansion coefficient, or it is pushed onto an expansion tube. It is necessary to ensure the necessary air or creepage distances in the space between the heating resistors and the plate through which the temperature sensor passes. It should be noted that glass ceramic plates become electrically conductive at working temperature, so that the necessary insulation distances must be observed here.
  • quartz glass tubes are not only relatively expensive, but also fragile and require special measures when mounting them on the radiant heater.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an electric radiant heater in which the self-insulation of the temperature sensor can be dispensed with.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by at least one spacer to maintain a minimum distance between the insulating body or the heating resistors arranged thereon and the temperature sensor or the plate.
  • the sensor tube which can preferably be metallic and possibly also be grounded, and the heating resistors. It has been determined in tests that the most significant danger that a predetermined air gap could possibly be undershot arises from the fact that the insulating body, which can have two layers, bulges upwards during continuous operation and thus brings the heating resistors closer to the sensor tube. This is avoided with certainty by the spacers.
  • the relatively stiff sensor tube ensures that the insulating body remains flat. The spacers do not need to be in constant contact with the temperature sensor. Rather, there can be a certain distance if it is ensured that the desired minimum distance is still present when the spacers are in contact. This minimum distance can be, for example, 3 mm, while the total air distances, including the distance of the temperature sensor from the plate, should be approximately 8 mm.
  • the spacer can preferably be formed by at least one projection of the insulating body, which lies in particular in an unheated and central region of the radiant heater and can be formed in one piece with the material of the insulating body, for example when it is vacuum formed.
  • An embodiment with two projections spaced apart from one another in the central region is particularly preferred.
  • a spacer can be formed for contact with the underside of the plate. In this case, it keeps the distance between the plate and the insulating body constant, so that the insulating body cannot "grow" on the temperature sensor.
  • a combination of the two measures is also conceivable, for example in that a protrusion extending from the insulating body has a contact surface for the plate and a support for the temperature sensor. This can be done in the form of a staggered cam or a projection with a hole for the temperature sensor.
  • a further embodiment can be formed in that a spacer is pushed onto the temperature sensor, for example in the form of a round or square disk, which is provided for contact with the insulating body and / or on the plate. Due to the asymmetrical design of this plate, different distances from the underside of the glass ceramic plate and from the insulating body can also be maintained.
  • the previous temperature sensors had to be arranged very flexibly because of their sensitive quartz tubes and were preferably in the upwardly open slots of an otherwise peripheral edge of the insulating body and one vice versa inserting carrier shell and had play in these recesses in order to prevent any tension from occurring.
  • Due to the possibility of using a rigid metallic sensor the temperature sensor and thus the entire controller can now be mounted largely rigidly, for example by inserting it with its mostly somewhat tapered free end into a hole in the carrier shell that is closed towards the top, while the switch side can be firmly attached to the support shell of the radiant heater with a bracket.
  • the insulating edges can also be closed at the top and thus offer more complete insulation.
  • the temperature sensor can thus be inserted into relatively narrow holes in the edge and practically forms a seal to the outside.
  • FIGS 1 to 3 show a radiant heater 11, which is provided for heating a glass ceramic plate 12 of a hob or a stove.
  • the radiant heater is pressed against the underside of the plate 12 by spring elements, not shown.
  • It consists of a sheet metal carrier shell 13 with a bottom and a circumferential upstanding edge 14.
  • An insulating body 15 lies therein, which is underlaid with a further insulating layer 16. While the insulating body 15 is made of a relatively solid and high-temperature-resistant insulating material based on ceramic fibers in the vacuum suction process, the insulating layer 16 consists of an optimally insulating, but less solid insulating material, for example a bulk material made of microporous fumed silica.
  • the insulating body 15 is also bowl-shaped with a relatively thin bottom 19 and a peripheral edge 17 which protrudes slightly above the edge 14 of the sheet metal carrier shell and is pressed against the underside 18 of the plate 12 by the pressure springs.
  • Electrical heating resistors 20 in the form of wire coils are attached to the top of the base 19. In the present example, this is done by partially pressing the coils into the still moist molding of the insulating body 15.
  • the bottom has ribs 21 running in a star shape, into which the heating coils are pressed somewhat further, while they penetrate little into the insulating body. This creates a secure fixing of the heating coils that does not hinder the radiation.
  • any other type of fixing is possible, for example by means of putty or the like, and other insulating materials or configurations of the insulating body can also be used within the scope of the invention.
  • a temperature sensor 23 of a temperature switch 24 runs through the space 22 formed between the floor 19 with the heating resistors 20 arranged thereon and the underside of the plate 18 and the peripheral edge 17, said temperature sensor being a temperature limiter or a temperature protection switch which has to ensure that that the underside 18 of the plate 12 remains limited in temperature to a certain value because, for example, glass ceramic plates suffer permanent damage when overheated.
  • the switch head 25 of the temperature switch 24, which contains at least one snap switch and possibly a second contact as a signal contact for signaling the hot state of the plate, is fixed outside the insulating body on an angular holder 26 which is screwed to the carrier shell 13.
  • the temperature sensor 23 is elongated and rod-shaped.
  • the temperature switch It consists of a metal tube 27 in which a ceramic rod 28 is located (FIG. 3), which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the metal tube, so that a snap switch can be actuated due to the difference in length in the switch head.
  • the outer tube 27 At the free end 29 of the temperature sensor 23, the outer tube 27 is tapered and provided with an internal thread, so that the switch can be adjusted via an adjusting screw 30 on which the ceramic rod 28 is supported.
  • This construction of the temperature switch is extremely simple and robust since the metal tube 27 can be largely firmly connected to the switch head 25 and also has no tendency to break.
  • the temperature sensor can therefore advantageously be permanently mounted on both ends, ie on the switch side by its fixed attachment to the switch head 25 and the holder 26 and at its free end 29 by inserting it into a suitable opening 31 in the edge 14 of the sheet metal carrier shell.
  • This opening 31 like the openings 32, can be circular openings in the edge 17 of the insulating body, which openings are closed towards the glass ceramic plate. This ensures that no unnecessary heat losses occur, and the temperature sensor is firmly attached to the radiant heater and contributes to its stiffening. Nevertheless, it can move somewhat longitudinally at its free end due to its length.
  • the temperature sensor runs through the space 22 such that it is at a distance a from the heating resistors and a distance b from the plate. If the diameter d of the temperature sensor 23 is added to this, the total distance c from the underside of the plate 12 is obtained.
  • the distance a must not be less than a certain minimum, and the total distance a + b must also not be less than a certain amount in order to comply with the safety regulations correspond to. Nevertheless, the distance c should be as small as possible, on the one hand to get the heating as close as possible to the glass ceramic plate and on the other hand to keep the total height or depth of the radiant heater as small as possible and to this extent the insulation by the insulating layers 15, 16 to make it as big as possible.
  • Fig. 2 shows that they are each in unheated areas 36, which are formed by an S-shaped loop of the double spiral, in which the heating resistors are placed.
  • Two heating resistors run parallel in the form of a spiral, which turns in the center and runs out parallel to the incoming spiral.
  • These protrusions can be quadrangular protrusions formed from the material of the insulating body when it is formed, which protrusions have a quadrangular or pyramidal or round or conical shape. Although they cover the underside of the temperature sensor over their length, this is even an advantage because it increases the power release during the heating process somewhat. Only one spacer 35 or even several could be provided, which are also provided at other locations on the temperature sensor, but two in the middle area, but at a distance from one another, have proven to be very advantageous.
  • the variant shown in Fig. 4 has the same construction a spacer 35a, which, like the spacer according to Figures 1 to 3, has a contact surface 37 for the temperature sensor 23, but additionally a contact surface 38, the underside 18 of the plate 12 is opposite and can be supported on this.
  • the spacer formed by the projection 35a thereby has approximately an L-shape. It can also be U-shaped.
  • the spacer 35b is not provided on the insulating body but on the temperature sensor and does not consist very much of one in the longitudinal direction of the temperature sensor strong disc that is pushed onto the temperature sensor. It also ensures the distance of the temperature sensor both from the insulating body 15 and from the plate 12, but could also provide only one or the other spacing or ensure different distances by a correspondingly one-sided design.
  • the temperature sensor does not require the additional quartz tube, it can be manufactured with a smaller diameter d, which in turn enables the overall height to be reduced. Rather, the sensor tube can be grounded, so that even in the event of a break the glass ceramic plate it lies as a protective earthed component over the heater and prevents, for example, that a "broken" cooking vessel is put under tension.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

In the case of an electric radiant heating element (11) positioned below a glass ceramic plate (12), a rod-like temperature sensor (23) of a thermostat (24) projects over and beyond the heating zone. There are spacers (35) for maintaining a minimum spacing between the insulator (15), which carries the heating resistors (20), and the glass ceramic plate (12).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Strahlungsheiz­körper zur Beheizung einer Platte, insbesondere einer Glaskeramikplatte nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Derartige Strahlungsheizkörper haben üblicherweise einen Temperaturfühler, dessen äußeres Rohr aus einem isolieren­den Material, insbesondere Quarz oder Quarzglas besteht. Es ist entweder selbst in das Ausdehnungssystem des Fühlers mit einbezogen, in dem es ein Rohr mit geringem Ausdeh­nungskoeffzienten bildet, in dem ein Zugstab mit höheren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten liegt, oder es ist auf ein Ausdeh­nungsrohr aufgeschoben. Es ist notwendig, um die notwendi­gen Luft- bzw. Kriechstrecken in dem Raum zwischen Heizwi­derständen und der Platte, durch den der Temperaturfühler hindurchläuft, sicherzustellen. Es ist dabei zu beachten, daß Glaskeramikplatten bei Arbeitstemperatur elektrisch leitend werden, so daß hier die notwendigen Isolations­strecken eingehalten werden müssen.The invention relates to an electric radiant heater for heating a plate, in particular a glass ceramic plate according to the preamble of claim 1. Such radiant heaters usually have a temperature sensor, the outer tube of which consists of an insulating material, in particular quartz or quartz glass. It is either itself included in the expansion system of the sensor, in which it forms a tube with a low expansion coefficient, in which there is a tension rod with a higher expansion coefficient, or it is pushed onto an expansion tube. It is necessary to ensure the necessary air or creepage distances in the space between the heating resistors and the plate through which the temperature sensor passes. It should be noted that glass ceramic plates become electrically conductive at working temperature, so that the necessary insulation distances must be observed here.

Diese Quarzglasrohre sind nicht nur relativ teuer, sondern auch zerbrechlich und bedingen besondere Maßnahmen bei ihrer Montage am Strahlheizkörper.These quartz glass tubes are not only relatively expensive, but also fragile and require special measures when mounting them on the radiant heater.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen elektrischen Strahlungsheizkörper zu schaffen, bei dem auf die Eigeniso­lierung des Temperaturfühlers verzichtet werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an electric radiant heater in which the self-insulation of the temperature sensor can be dispensed with.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch wenigstens einen Abstandshalter zur Einhaltung eines Mindestabstandes zwi­schen dem Isolierkörper bzw. den darauf angeordneten Heiz­widerständen und dem Temperaturfühler bzw. der Platte gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by at least one spacer to maintain a minimum distance between the insulating body or the heating resistors arranged thereon and the temperature sensor or the plate.

Dadurch wird eine Mindest-Luftstrecke zwischen dem Fühler­rohr, das vorzugsweise metallisch sein kann und ggf. auch geerdet ist, und den Heizwiderständen sichergestellt. Es ist in Versuchen ermittelt worden, daß die wesentlichste Gefahr, daß evtl. eine vorher vorgegebene Luftstrecke unterschritten werden könnte, dadurch entsteht, daß sich im Dauerbetrieb der Isolierkörper, der zweischichtig sein kann, nach oben aufwölbt und damit die Heizwiderstände dem Fühlerrohr näher bringt. Durch die Abstandshalter ist dies mit Sicherheit vermieden. Gleichzeitig sorgt das relativ steife Fühlerrohr also dafür, daß der Isolierkörper eben bleibt. Die Abstandshalter brauchen nicht ständig an dem Temperaturfühler anzuliegen. Es kann vielmehr ein gewisser Abstand vorhanden sein, wenn sichergestellt ist, daß beim Anliegen der Abstandshalter der gewünschte Mindestabstand noch vorhanden ist. Dieser Mindestabstand kann beispiels­weise bei 3 mm liegen, während die Gesamtluftstrecken unter Einbeziehung des Abstandes des Temperaturfühlers von der Platte etwa bei 8 mm liegen sollten.This ensures a minimum air gap between the sensor tube, which can preferably be metallic and possibly also be grounded, and the heating resistors. It has been determined in tests that the most significant danger that a predetermined air gap could possibly be undershot arises from the fact that the insulating body, which can have two layers, bulges upwards during continuous operation and thus brings the heating resistors closer to the sensor tube. This is avoided with certainty by the spacers. At the same time, the relatively stiff sensor tube ensures that the insulating body remains flat. The spacers do not need to be in constant contact with the temperature sensor. Rather, there can be a certain distance if it is ensured that the desired minimum distance is still present when the spacers are in contact. This minimum distance can be, for example, 3 mm, while the total air distances, including the distance of the temperature sensor from the plate, should be approximately 8 mm.

Vorzugsweise kann der Abstandshalter durch wenigstens einen Vorsprung des Isolierkörpers gebildet sein, der insbesonde­re in einem unbeheizten und mittleren Bereich des Strahl­heizkörpers liegt und einstückig mit dem Material des Isolierkörpers ausgeformt sein kann, beispielsweise bei dessen Vakuumformung. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausfüh­rung mit zwei in Abstand voneinander im mittleren Bereich vorgesehenen Vorsprüngen.The spacer can preferably be formed by at least one projection of the insulating body, which lies in particular in an unheated and central region of the radiant heater and can be formed in one piece with the material of the insulating body, for example when it is vacuum formed. An embodiment with two projections spaced apart from one another in the central region is particularly preferred.

Zusätzlich oder statt des am Temperaturfühler anliegenden Vorsprunges kann ein Abstandshalter zur Anlage an der Unterseite der Platte ausgebildet sein. In diesem Falle hält er den Abstand zwischen Platte und Isolierkörper konstant, so daß der Isolierkörper nicht auf den Tempera­turfühler zu "wachsen" kann. Es ist auch eine Kombination beider Maßnahmen denkbar, indem beispielsweise ein vom Isolierkörper ausgehender Vorsprung eine Anlagefläche für die Platte und eine Auflage für den Temperaturfühler hat. Dies ist in Form eines gestaffelten Nockens oder auch eines Vorsprunges mit einem Loch für den Temperaturfühler aus­führbar.In addition to or instead of the protrusion resting on the temperature sensor, a spacer can be formed for contact with the underside of the plate. In this case, it keeps the distance between the plate and the insulating body constant, so that the insulating body cannot "grow" on the temperature sensor. A combination of the two measures is also conceivable, for example in that a protrusion extending from the insulating body has a contact surface for the plate and a support for the temperature sensor. This can be done in the form of a staggered cam or a projection with a hole for the temperature sensor.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform kann dadurch gebildet sein, daß auf den Temperaturfühler ein Abstandshalter aufgescho­ben ist, beispielsweise in Form einer runden oder vierecki­gen Scheibe, die zur Anlage am Isolierkörper und/oder an der Platte vorgesehen ist. Durch eine unsymmetrische Aus­bildung dieser Platte können auch unterschiedliche Abstände zur Unterseite der Glaskeramikplatte und zum Isolierkörper eingehalten werden.A further embodiment can be formed in that a spacer is pushed onto the temperature sensor, for example in the form of a round or square disk, which is provided for contact with the insulating body and / or on the plate. Due to the asymmetrical design of this plate, different distances from the underside of the glass ceramic plate and from the insulating body can also be maintained.

Die bisherigen Temperaturfühler mußten wegen ihrer empfind­lichen Quarzrohre sehr flexibel angeordnet sein und wurden vorzugsweise in nach oben offene Schlitze eines im übrigen umlaufenden Randes des Isolierkörpers und einer ihn umge­ benden Trägerschale eingelegt und hatten in diesen Ausneh­mungen Spiel, um keine Spannungen auftreten zu lassen. Dadurch ergab sich allerdings eine Wärmebrücke zum Äußeren hin, die nicht nur Energie verlorengehen ließ, sondern auch den Unterbau der Herdmulde unnötig aufheizte. Durch die Möglichkeit, einen starren metallischen Fühler zu verwen den, kann nun auch der Temperaturfühler und damit der ganze Regler weitgehend starr gelagert werden, indem er bei­spielsweise mit seinem meist etwas verjüngten freien Ende in ein nach oben hin geschlossenes Loch der Trägerschale eingesteckt ist, während die Schalterseite mit einem Halte­winkel fest an der Trägerschale des Strahlungsheizkörpers befestigt sein kann. Auch die Isolierränder können nach oben geschlossen sein und bieten so eine vollständigere Isolierung. Der Temperaturfühler kann somit in relativ enge Löcher im Rand eingeführt werden und bildet praktisch eine Abdichtung nach außen.The previous temperature sensors had to be arranged very flexibly because of their sensitive quartz tubes and were preferably in the upwardly open slots of an otherwise peripheral edge of the insulating body and one vice versa inserting carrier shell and had play in these recesses in order to prevent any tension from occurring. However, this resulted in a thermal bridge to the outside, which not only lost energy, but also unnecessarily heated the base of the hob. Due to the possibility of using a rigid metallic sensor, the temperature sensor and thus the entire controller can now be mounted largely rigidly, for example by inserting it with its mostly somewhat tapered free end into a hole in the carrier shell that is closed towards the top, while the switch side can be firmly attached to the support shell of the radiant heater with a bracket. The insulating edges can also be closed at the top and thus offer more complete insulation. The temperature sensor can thus be inserted into relatively narrow holes in the edge and practically forms a seal to the outside.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und Zeichnung hervor, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale jeweils für sich allein oder zu mehreren in Form von Unterkombinationen bei einer Aus­führungsform der Erfindung verwirklicht sein können, auch auf ähnlichen oder verwandten Gebieten, beispielsweise bei der Beheizung von Backöfen oder dgl.. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen teilweise abgebrochenen Querschnitt durch einen Strahlungsheizkörper,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Strahlungsheizkörper nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie III in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 4 und 5 zwei Varianten, jeweils dargestellt ent­sprechend Fig. 3.
Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawing, the individual features being able to be implemented individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention, also in similar or related fields, for example in the heating of ovens or the like. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
  • 1 is a partially broken cross section through a radiant heater,
  • 2 is a plan view of the radiant heater of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a section along the line III in Fig. 1 and
  • 4 and 5 two variants, each shown corresponding to FIG. 3rd

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen einen Strahlungsheizkörper 11, der zur Beheizung einer Glaskeramik-Platte 12 einer Koch­mulde bzw. eines Kochherdes vorgesehen ist. Der Strahlungs­heizkörper wird durch nicht dargestellte Federelemente an die Unterseite der Platte 12 angedrückt. Er besteht aus einer Blech-Trägerschale 13 mit einem Boden und einem umlaufenden hochstehenden Rand 14. In ihm liegt ein Iso­lierkörper 15, der mit einer weiteren Isolierschicht 16 unterlegt ist. Während der Isolierkörper 15 aus einem relativ festen und hochtemperaturbeständigen Isolierwerk­stoff auf der Basis keramischer Fasern im Vakuum-Saugver­fahren hergestellt ist, besteht die Isolierschicht 16 aus einem bestens isolierenden, jedoch weniger festen Isolier­werkstoff, beispielsweise einem Schüttgut aus mikroporöser pyrogener Kieselsäure.Figures 1 to 3 show a radiant heater 11, which is provided for heating a glass ceramic plate 12 of a hob or a stove. The radiant heater is pressed against the underside of the plate 12 by spring elements, not shown. It consists of a sheet metal carrier shell 13 with a bottom and a circumferential upstanding edge 14. An insulating body 15 lies therein, which is underlaid with a further insulating layer 16. While the insulating body 15 is made of a relatively solid and high-temperature-resistant insulating material based on ceramic fibers in the vacuum suction process, the insulating layer 16 consists of an optimally insulating, but less solid insulating material, for example a bulk material made of microporous fumed silica.

Der Isolierkörper 15 ist ebenfalls schüsselförmig mit einem relativ dünnen Boden 19 und einem umlaufenden Rand 17, der nach oben etwas über den Rand 14 der Blech-Trägerschale übersteht und durch die Andruckfedern an die Unterseite 18 der Platte 12 angedrückt ist.The insulating body 15 is also bowl-shaped with a relatively thin bottom 19 and a peripheral edge 17 which protrudes slightly above the edge 14 of the sheet metal carrier shell and is pressed against the underside 18 of the plate 12 by the pressure springs.

An der Oberseite des Bodens 19 sind elektrische Heizwider­stände 20 in Form von Drahtwendeln befestigt. Beim vorlie­genden Beispiel geschieht dies durch partielles Eindrücken der Wendeln in den noch feuchten Formling des Isolierkör­pers 15. Der Boden weist sternförmig verlaufende Rippen 21 auf, in die die Heizwendeln etwas weiter eingedrückt sind, während sie im übrigen nur wenig in den Isolierkörper hinein dringen. Dies schafft eine sichere und die Abstrah­lung wenig behindernde Festlegung der Heizwendeln. Es ist jedoch auch jede andere Art der Festlegung möglich, bei­spielsweise durch Kitt oder dgl., und es sind auch andere Isolierwerkstoffe oder Konfigurationen des Isolierkörpers im Rahmen der Erfindung anwendbar.Electrical heating resistors 20 in the form of wire coils are attached to the top of the base 19. In the present example, this is done by partially pressing the coils into the still moist molding of the insulating body 15. The bottom has ribs 21 running in a star shape, into which the heating coils are pressed somewhat further, while they penetrate little into the insulating body. This creates a secure fixing of the heating coils that does not hinder the radiation. However, any other type of fixing is possible, for example by means of putty or the like, and other insulating materials or configurations of the insulating body can also be used within the scope of the invention.

Durch den zwischen dem Boden 19 mit den darauf angeordneten Heizwiderständen 20 und der Unterseite der Platte 18 sowie dem umlaufenden Rand 17 gebildeten Raum 22 läuft ein Tempe­raturfühler 23 eines Temperaturschalters 24 hindurch, der ein Temperaturbegrenzer bzw. ein Temperaturschutzschalter ist, der dafür zu sorgen hat, daß die Unterseite 18 der Platte 12 in ihrer Temperatur auf einen bestimmten Wert beschränkt bleibt, weil beispielsweise Glaskeramikplatten bei Überhitzung dauerhafte Schädigungen erleiden. Der Schalterkopf 25 des Temperaturschalters 24, der wenigstens einen Schnappschalter und ggf. einen zweiten Kontakt als Signalkontakt zum Signalisieren des Heißzustandes der Platte enthält, ist außerhalb des Isolierkörpers fest an einem winkelförmigen Halter 26 angebracht, der mit der Trägerschale 13 verschraubt ist. Der Temperaturfühler 23 ist langgestreckt und stabförmig. Er besteht aus einem Metallrohr 27, in dem ein Keramikstab 28 liegt (Fig. 3), der gegenüber dem Metallrohr einen niedrigeren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten hat, so daß aufgrund der Längen­dehnungsdifferenz im Schalterkopf ein Schnappschalter betätigt werden kann. Am freien Ende 29 des Temperaturfüh­lers 23 ist das Außenrohr 27 verjüngt und mit einem Innen­gewinde versehen, so daß über eine Justierschraube 30, auf der sich der Keramikstab 28 abstützt, der Schalter justiert werden kann. Dieser Aufbau des Temperaturschalters ist außerordentlich einfach und robust, da das Metallrohr 27 weitgehend fest mit dem Schalterkopf 25 verbunden sein kann und auch keine Bruchneigung hat. Der Temperaturfühler kann daher vorteilhaft an beiden Enden fest montiert sein, d.h. auf der Schalterseite durch seine feste Anbringung am Schalterkopf 25 und dem Halter 26 und an seinem freien Ende 29 durch Einstecken in eine passende Öffnung 31 im Rand 14 der Blech-Trägerschale. Diese Öffnung 31 kann, ebenso wie die Öffnungen 32, in dem Rand 17 des Isolierkörpers kreis­runde Öffnungen sein, die zur Glaskeramikplatte hin ge­schlossen sind. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß keine unnötigen Wärmeverluste auftreten, und der Temperaturfühler ist fest an den Strahlungsheizkörper aufgenommen und trägt zu dessen Versteifung bei. Trotzdem kann er sich in der durch seine Längenausdehnung bedingten Weise an seinem freien Ende etwas längsverschieben.A temperature sensor 23 of a temperature switch 24 runs through the space 22 formed between the floor 19 with the heating resistors 20 arranged thereon and the underside of the plate 18 and the peripheral edge 17, said temperature sensor being a temperature limiter or a temperature protection switch which has to ensure that that the underside 18 of the plate 12 remains limited in temperature to a certain value because, for example, glass ceramic plates suffer permanent damage when overheated. The switch head 25 of the temperature switch 24, which contains at least one snap switch and possibly a second contact as a signal contact for signaling the hot state of the plate, is fixed outside the insulating body on an angular holder 26 which is screwed to the carrier shell 13. The temperature sensor 23 is elongated and rod-shaped. It consists of a metal tube 27 in which a ceramic rod 28 is located (FIG. 3), which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the metal tube, so that a snap switch can be actuated due to the difference in length in the switch head. At the free end 29 of the temperature sensor 23, the outer tube 27 is tapered and provided with an internal thread, so that the switch can be adjusted via an adjusting screw 30 on which the ceramic rod 28 is supported. This construction of the temperature switch is extremely simple and robust since the metal tube 27 can be largely firmly connected to the switch head 25 and also has no tendency to break. The temperature sensor can therefore advantageously be permanently mounted on both ends, ie on the switch side by its fixed attachment to the switch head 25 and the holder 26 and at its free end 29 by inserting it into a suitable opening 31 in the edge 14 of the sheet metal carrier shell. This opening 31, like the openings 32, can be circular openings in the edge 17 of the insulating body, which openings are closed towards the glass ceramic plate. This ensures that no unnecessary heat losses occur, and the temperature sensor is firmly attached to the radiant heater and contributes to its stiffening. Nevertheless, it can move somewhat longitudinally at its free end due to its length.

Der Temperaturfühler läuft so durch den Raum 22 hindurch, daß er einen Abstand a von den Heizwiderständen und einen Abstand b von der Platte hat. Addiert man dazu den Durch­messer d des Temperaturfühlers 23, so ergibt sich der Gesamtabstand c von der Unterseite der Platte 12. Der Abstand a darf ein bestimmtes Mindestmaß nicht unterschrei­ten, und auch der Gesamtabstand a + b darf ein gewisses Maß nicht unterschreiten, um den Sicherheitsvorschriften zu entsprechen. Trotzdem soll der Abstand c so klein wie möglich sein, um einerseits die Heizung so nah wie möglich an die Glaskeramikplatte heranzubekommen und andererseits die Gesamthöhe bzw. -tiefe des Strahlungsheizkörpers so gering wie möglich zu halten und in diesem Maß die Isola­tion durch die Isolierschichten 15, 16 so groß wie möglich zu machen.The temperature sensor runs through the space 22 such that it is at a distance a from the heating resistors and a distance b from the plate. If the diameter d of the temperature sensor 23 is added to this, the total distance c from the underside of the plate 12 is obtained. The distance a must not be less than a certain minimum, and the total distance a + b must also not be less than a certain amount in order to comply with the safety regulations correspond to. Nevertheless, the distance c should be as small as possible, on the one hand to get the heating as close as possible to the glass ceramic plate and on the other hand to keep the total height or depth of the radiant heater as small as possible and to this extent the insulation by the insulating layers 15, 16 to make it as big as possible.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, für den Abstand a einen Mindestwert durch Abstandshalter 35 zu gewährleisten, von denen in Fig. 1 zwei im mittleren Bereich zu erkennen sind. Fig. 2 zeigt, daß sie jeweils in unbeheizten Bereichen 36 liegen, die durch eine S-förmige Schleife der doppelt liegenden Doppelspirale gebildet sind, in der die Heiz­widerstände gelegt sind. Es verlaufen jeweils zwei Heizwi­derstände parallel in Form einer Spirale, die im Zentrum wendet und parallel zu der einlaufenden Spirale wieder herausläuft. Diese Vorsprünge können viereckige, aus dem Material des Isolierkörpers bei seiner Formung herausge­formte Vorsprünge sein, die eine viereckige oder pyramiden­förmige bzw. runde oder konische Form haben. Sie decken zwar die Unterseite des Temperaturfühlers über ihre Länge ab, dies ist aber sogar ein Vorteil, weil dadurch die Leistungsfreigabe beim Aufheizvorgang etwas vergrößert wird. Es könnte nur ein Abstandshalter 35 oder auch mehrere vorgesehen sein, die auch an anderen Stellen des Tempera­turfühlers vorgesehen sind, jedoch haben sich zwei im mittleren Bereich, jedoch im Abstand voneinander als sehr vorteilhaft erwiesen.According to the invention, it is provided to ensure a minimum value for the distance a by means of spacers 35, two of which can be seen in the middle area in FIG. 1. Fig. 2 shows that they are each in unheated areas 36, which are formed by an S-shaped loop of the double spiral, in which the heating resistors are placed. Two heating resistors run parallel in the form of a spiral, which turns in the center and runs out parallel to the incoming spiral. These protrusions can be quadrangular protrusions formed from the material of the insulating body when it is formed, which protrusions have a quadrangular or pyramidal or round or conical shape. Although they cover the underside of the temperature sensor over their length, this is even an advantage because it increases the power release during the heating process somewhat. Only one spacer 35 or even several could be provided, which are also provided at other locations on the temperature sensor, but two in the middle area, but at a distance from one another, have proven to be very advantageous.

Die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Variante hat bei im übrigen gleichen Aufbau einen Abstandshalter 35a, der, wie der Abstandshalter nach den Figuren 1 bis 3, eine Anlagefläche 37 für den Temperaturfühler 23, jedoch zusätzlich eine Anlagefläche 38 hat, die der Unterseite 18 der Platte 12 gegenüberliegt und sich an dieser abstützen kann. Der durch den Vorsprung 35a gebildete Abstandshalter hat dadurch etwa eine L-Form Er kann auch U-förmig ausgebildet sein.The variant shown in Fig. 4 has the same construction a spacer 35a, which, like the spacer according to Figures 1 to 3, has a contact surface 37 for the temperature sensor 23, but additionally a contact surface 38, the underside 18 of the plate 12 is opposite and can be supported on this. The spacer formed by the projection 35a thereby has approximately an L-shape. It can also be U-shaped.

Bei Fig. 5 ist der Abstandshalter 35b nicht am Isolierkör­per, sondern am Temperaturfühler vorgesehen und besteht aus einer in Längsrichtung des Temperaturfühlers nicht sehr starken Scheibe, die auf den Temperaturfühler aufgeschoben ist. Auch sie stellt den Abstand des Temperaturfühlers sowohl von dem Isolierkörper 15 als auch von der Platte 12 sicher, könnte aber durch entsprechend einseitige Ausbil­dung auch nur die eine oder die andere Abstandshaltung besorgen oder auch unterschiedliche Abstände sicherstellen.5, the spacer 35b is not provided on the insulating body but on the temperature sensor and does not consist very much of one in the longitudinal direction of the temperature sensor strong disc that is pushed onto the temperature sensor. It also ensures the distance of the temperature sensor both from the insulating body 15 and from the plate 12, but could also provide only one or the other spacing or ensure different distances by a correspondingly one-sided design.

Allen Ausführungsformen ist gemeinsam, daß sie auf einfache und unkomplizierte Weise sicherstellen, daß stets ein ausreichender Sicherheitsabstand zwischen den unter Span­nung stehenden Heizwiderständen und dem Temperaturfühler sowie der Glaskeramikplatte vorliegt. Während der Abstand zwischen der Platte und dem Temperaturfühler, insbesondere bei der relativ festen Einspannung des Temperaturfühlers nach der Erfindung, kaum gefährdet ist, sich zu verändern, verhindern auf jeden Fall alle Ausführungen, daß der Iso­lierkörper, der naturgemäß aus einem relativ bildsamen Material besteht, sich dem Temperaturfühler unzulässig nähert. Das wird auch durch eine mögliche Ausführungsform sichergestellt, bei der Abstandshalter nur den Abstand zwischen Isolierkörper und Platte sicherstellen, also eine Ausführung entsprechend Fig. 4 ohne die Auflagefläche 37.All embodiments have in common that they ensure in a simple and uncomplicated manner that there is always a sufficient safety distance between the live heating resistors and the temperature sensor and the glass ceramic plate. While the distance between the plate and the temperature sensor, in particular when the temperature sensor according to the invention is clamped in relatively firmly, is hardly at risk of changing, in any case, all of the designs prevent the insulating body, which naturally consists of a relatively imaginative material, approaches the temperature sensor inadmissibly. This is also ensured by a possible embodiment in which spacers only ensure the distance between the insulating body and the plate, that is to say an embodiment according to FIG. 4 without the contact surface 37.

Es entsteht ein sehr solider, hoch beanspruchbarer und leicht montierbarer sowie einfach herstellbarer Strahlungs­heizkörper, der die Sicherheitsanforderungen in vollem Umfange erfüllt. Zudem kann der Temperaturfühler, weil er nicht das zusätzliche Quarzrohr benötigt, mit geringerem Durchmesser d hergestellt werden, was wiederum eine Verrin­gerung der Bauhöhe ermöglicht. Das Fühlerrohr kann vielmehr geerdet sein, so daß selbst im Falle eines Bruches der Glaskeramikplatte es als schützendes geerdetes Bauteil über der Heizung liegt und beispielsweise verhindert, daß ein "durchgebrochenes" Kochgefäß unter Spannung gesetzt wird.The result is a very solid, highly stressable, easy-to-assemble and easy-to-manufacture radiant heater that fully meets the safety requirements. In addition, because the temperature sensor does not require the additional quartz tube, it can be manufactured with a smaller diameter d, which in turn enables the overall height to be reduced. Rather, the sensor tube can be grounded, so that even in the event of a break the glass ceramic plate it lies as a protective earthed component over the heater and prevents, for example, that a "broken" cooking vessel is put under tension.

Claims (10)

1. Elektrischer Strahlungsheizkörper zur Beheizung einer Platte, insbesondere einer Glaskeramikkochplatte, bei dem auf einem Isolierkörper (15) im Abstand von der Platte (12) elektrische Heizwiderstände (20) angeordnet sind, und bei dem zwischen dem Isolierkörper (15) und der Platte (12) ein stabförmiger Temperaturfühler (23) eines Temperaturschutzschalters (24) hindurch über die Heizzone des Strahlungsheizkörpers ragt, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens einen Abstandshalter (35) zur Einhal­tung eines Mindestabstandes zwischen dem Isolierkörper (15) bzw. den darauf angeordneten Heizwiderständen (20) und dem Temperaturfühler (23) bzw. der Platte (12).1. Electric radiant heater for heating a plate, in particular a glass ceramic hotplate, in which electrical heating resistors (20) are arranged on an insulating body (15) at a distance from the plate (12), and in which between the insulating body (15) and the plate ( 12) a rod-shaped temperature sensor (23) of a temperature protection switch (24) protrudes through the heating zone of the radiant heater, characterized by at least one spacer (35) for maintaining a minimum distance between the insulating body (15) or the heating resistors (20) arranged thereon and the Temperature sensor (23) or the plate (12). 2. Strahlungsheizkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Abstandshalter (35) durch wenigstens einen Vorsprung des Isolierkörpers (15) gebildet ist, der insbesondere in einem unbeheizten und bevorzugt mittleren Bereich (36) des Strahlungsheizkörpers (11) angeordnet ist.2. Radiant heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (35) is formed by at least one projection of the insulating body (15), which is arranged in particular in an unheated and preferably central region (36) of the radiant heater (11). 3. Strahlungsheizkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstandshalter (35) eine Anlage­fläche (37) für den Temperaturfühler aufweist.3. Radiant heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer (35) has a contact surface (37) for the temperature sensor. 4. Strahlungsheizkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstands­halter eine Anlagefläche (38) für die Unterseite (18) der Platte (12) aufweist und vorzugsweise zusätzlich eine Anlagefläche (37) für den Temperaturfühler hat.4. Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer has a contact surface (38) for the underside (18) of the plate (12) and preferably additionally has a contact surface (37) for the temperature sensor. 5. Strahlungsheizkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei mit Abstand voneinander in Längsrichtung des Temperatur­fühlers (23) angeordnete, nockenartige Vorsprünge als Abstandshalter vorgesehen sind.5. Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the temperature sensor (23), cam-like projections are provided as spacers. 6. Strahlungsheizkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstands­halter (35) einstückig mit dem Isolierkörper (15) ausge­bildet ist.6. Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (35) is integrally formed with the insulating body (15). 7. Strahlungsheizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstandshalter (35b) wenigstens ein auf dem Temperaturfühler (23) vorgesehe­nes Isolierteil ist, vorzugsweise wenigstens eine etwa mittig auf den Temperaturfühler (23) aufgeschobene Scheibe, die ggf. zugleich als Abstandshalter Tempera­turfühler/Isolierkörper und Temperaturfühler/Platte ausgebildet ist.7. Radiant heater according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacer (35b) is at least one on the temperature sensor (23) provided insulating part, preferably at least one approximately in the middle of the temperature sensor (23) pushed Washer, which may also be designed as a spacer temperature sensor / insulating body and temperature sensor / plate. 8. Strahlungsheizkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tempera­turfühler (23) ein metallisches Außenrohr hat, das vorzugsweise geerdet ist.8. Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature sensor (23) has a metallic outer tube, which is preferably grounded. 9. Strahlungsheizkörper, insbesondere nach einem der vor­hergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Temperaturfühler (23) vorzugsweise an beiden Rändern des Isolierkörpers (15) und/oder einer Trägerschale (13) fest gehaltert ist.9. Radiant heater, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature sensor (23) is preferably firmly held on both edges of the insulating body (15) and / or a carrier shell (13). 10. Strahlungsheizkörper, insbesondere nach einem der vor­hergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das freie Ende (29) des Temperaturfühlers (23) in einer zur Platte (12) hin geschlossenen Öffnung (31) eines Randes (14) einer Trägerschale (13) im wesentlichen in seitli­che Richtung unbeweglich geführt ist, wobei vorzugsweise auch eine entsprechende Öffnung (32) im Rand (17) des Isolierkörpers (15) zur Platte hin geschlossen ist.10. Radiant heater, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end (29) of the temperature sensor (23) in an towards the plate (12) closed opening (31) of an edge (14) of a carrier shell (13) in is essentially immovable in the lateral direction, preferably also a corresponding opening (32) in the edge (17) of the insulating body (15) is closed towards the plate.
EP88106444A 1987-05-01 1988-04-22 Electric radiant heating element for heating a plate, in particular a glass-ceramic plate Expired - Lifetime EP0288915B2 (en)

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DE8706277U DE8706277U1 (en) 1987-05-01 1987-05-01 Electric radiant heater for heating a plate, in particular a glass ceramic plate
DE8706277U 1987-05-01

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EP0288915A2 true EP0288915A2 (en) 1988-11-02
EP0288915A3 EP0288915A3 (en) 1989-01-04
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EP (1) EP0288915B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2700463B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE107831T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8706277U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2054727T5 (en)
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EP0383718A2 (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-08-22 Emerson Electric Co. Heating element control
EP0383718A3 (en) * 1989-02-17 1991-11-27 Emerson Electric Co. Heating element control
US5128516A (en) * 1989-02-17 1992-07-07 Therm-O-Disc, Incorporated Heating element control
EP0432470A2 (en) * 1989-12-12 1991-06-19 Bosch-Siemens HausgerÀ¤te GmbH Connecting piece (protector) for a heating plate of an electric cooking range
EP0432470A3 (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-12-23 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Connecting piece (protector) for a heating plate of an electric cooking range
EP0522345A1 (en) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-13 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Supply voltage isolation with sensors below glass-ceramic cooking hob plates.
EP1303169A1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-04-16 Heraeus Sensor-Nite GmbH Temperature sensor with a sensing element and its application

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE107831T1 (en) 1994-07-15
ES2054727T5 (en) 1999-02-01
EP0288915B2 (en) 1998-11-11
JPS63284788A (en) 1988-11-22
YU87388A (en) 1990-08-31
US4845340A (en) 1989-07-04
DE8706277U1 (en) 1987-06-25
EP0288915A3 (en) 1989-01-04
YU46335B (en) 1993-05-28
ES2054727T3 (en) 1994-08-16
EP0288915B1 (en) 1994-06-22
DE3850297D1 (en) 1994-07-28
JP2700463B2 (en) 1998-01-21

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