EP0286827B1 - Multiple-system circular knitting machine affording electromagnetic needle selection - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multi-system circular knitting machine with electromagnetic needle selection, wherein the needles, longitudinally adjustable and pivotable selection boards are offered at each selection point against the force of a return spring by a pressure lock part to a selection magnet.
In circular knitting machines with electromagnetic needle selection, problems with the safe functioning of the needle selection device also arise with the increase in the machine speeds. Signs of operational wear on the selection boards and selection lock parts have emerged as a source of interference. The invention is based on the object of designing circular knitting machines of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that there are signs of wear and tear on the selection boards, which affect the functionality could affect the electromagnetic needle selection device, and its negative influence is reduced.

Proposals for solving this problem are already in connection with machines of the aforementioned type from DE-A 2 453 275 in the form of adjustable lock parts for the axial adjustment of the selection boards and from FR-A 2 179 414 by elastic deformation of the selection board during the offering of Selection board on the selection magnet become known.

The object is achieved in that the needle locks and the circuit board locks of all systems are arranged one above the other on a common support ring which rests on individual ribs on a lock carrier plate of the machine frame that the selection magnets through the space between the ribs formed between the support ring and the The lock carrier plate can be inserted into a region lying radially within the selection boards and the magnet holder can be anchored to the support ring and that the board locks for each needle selection point have two pressure lock parts acting on the selection boards and offset with respect to one another in the axial direction of the machine.

In the circular knitting machine designed according to the invention, the selection magnets can be used, removed and, above all, readjusted without removing the associated system locks. One of the two pressure lock parts effects the main pivoting movement of the selection boards in the direction of the selection magnet. The second cam, which is expediently arranged so that it can be adjusted, then brings about the precise offer by pressing the selection board onto the selection magnet, whereby a slight overpressure can advantageously be carried out, so that elastic deflection of those supported at their pivot point on the groove base and at their free end on the selection magnet Selection boards done. Advantageously, the first pressure lock part acts on the rectilinear end region of the shaft of the selection board, which on the opposite side in the end region has the magnetic armature surface. The selection board, which also serves as a needle pusher, can also perform a longitudinal movement unhindered during its pivoting movement triggered by the first pressure lock part. The second pressure lock part then advantageously acts on the expulsion foot of the selection board, which is arranged at a distance from the end of the selection board, as a result of which the selection board can bend elastically when slightly pressed over.

The main wear on the selection board takes place on the shaft area of the selection board, where the first pressure lock part engages. In contrast, the wear on the output foot and on the second cam acting there remains low, that is to say on the parts which ultimately determine the pressing position of the selection board.

At the level of the first pressure lock part of the needle selection points, the guide webs of the needle cylinder can have a recess on their outside into which the first pressure lock part can be immersed. This means that there is no load on the board base at this point, the selection boards cannot tilt laterally between the webs and they are fully guided between the webs. If the board foot meets the second pressure lock part, it is already partially immersed between the webs. Even with fine machine divisions and thin board bars, there is no need to fear bending the selection boards sideways. The formation of the two pressure lock parts also saves space on the circumference of the systems because the pivoting and the longitudinal displacement of the selection boards can be partially overlapped.

The operational reliability of the needle selection in the circular knitting machine designed according to the invention can be additionally increased in that the circumferential area of the machine, which is occupied by the selection magnets arranged radially inside the selection board ends, is closed inwards by an annular jacket made of magnetically non-conductive material attached to the needle cylinder. This avoids secondary magnetic return circuits via the needle cylinder, and the entire magnetic energy is available at the magnetic poles to act on the selection boards.

With the magnet arrangement according to the present invention, it is also possible to compensate for the dimensional changes occurring in the area of the important and adjusted needle selection points due to the inevitable heating of the machine during operation. For this purpose, according to the invention, the magnet holder which can be anchored to the support ring can consist of a web, in particular arranged radially adjustable and tiltable on an adjusting plate, on the inner end of which a magnetically non-conductive part with the selection magnet is placed, which has radially outwardly directed soft iron pole shoes. The thermal expansion experienced by the web anchored to the support ring and which takes place radially inward is practically canceled out by the thermal expansion which the soft iron pole shoes experience radially outward in the opposite direction.

The essential parts of a circular knitting machine designed according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1

einen radialen Querschnitt durch den Nadelzylinder, den Schloßmantel und die zugehörigen Trägerteile einer Rundstrickmaschine im Bereich einer Nadelauswahlstelle;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Schloßteile von zwei jeweils mit einer Nadelauswahlstelle versehenen Systemen der Maschine in der in Fig. 1 durch einen Pfeil II bezeichneten Ebene und zusammen mit einer Nadel und einer Auswahlplatine;

Fig. 3

eine vergrößerte Teildarstellung des Bereiches III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Maschinenteile in Richtung des Pfeiles IV in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 - 8

gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerte Radialteilschnitte an vier unterschiedlichen, in den Fig. 3 und 4 bezeichneten Umfangsstellen V-VIII eines mit einer Nadelauswahlstelle versehenen Systems;

Fig. 9

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Auswahlmagneten mit dem Magnetträger.

In detail show:

Fig. 1

a radial cross section through the needle cylinder, the lock casing and the associated support parts of a circular knitting machine in the region of a needle selection point;

Fig. 2

a plan view of the lock parts of two systems of the machine each provided with a needle selection point in the plane indicated by an arrow II in FIG. 1 and together with a needle and a selection board;

Fig. 3

an enlarged partial view of area III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

a view of the machine parts shown in Figure 3 in the direction of arrow IV in Fig. 3.

5 - 8

1 enlarged radial partial sections at four different, in FIGS. 3 and 4, designated circumferential locations V-VIII of a system provided with a needle selection location;

Fig. 9

is a schematic side view of a selection magnet with the magnet carrier.

The radial section according to FIG. 1 shows the needle cylinder 10 of a circular knitting machine with a circumferential cylinder support ring 11 with an external drive ring gear 12 and a machine frame part 13 with a stationary lock plate 14, over which there is a support ring 15 at a distance, which also has ribs 16 arranged at intervals the lock plate 14 is connected. For each system of the circular knitting machine, a lower plate lock carrier 17 and an upper needle lock carrier 18 are fastened on the support ring 15, which can be removed individually. Both lock carriers can also be combined into a single structural unit. The needle lock carrier 18 is fastened to the circuit board lock carrier 17 by means of a fastening screw 19, while the circuit board lock carrier 17 is anchored to the supporting ring 15 via a fastening screw 20.

In needle cylinder 10, needles 21 and selection boards 22, which act as needle pushers, are guided between inserted webs 23 and are shown enlarged in FIG. 2. The needle cylinder 10 ends at the level of the support ring 15, where in the rotating machine part radially inside the guide grooves formed by the guide webs 23 for the needles 21 and the selection boards 22, free space 24 is created which is accessible via the free spaces located between the ribs 16 and in which the selection magnets 25 of the needle selection points are arranged. The free space 24 is delimited on the inside by an annular jacket 26 made of magnetically non-conductive material, which is fastened between the needle cylinder 10 and the cylinder support ring 11 and which excludes a magnetic short-circuiting of the selection magnets 25 via the needle cylinder. The selection magnets 25 are one at the end web-like magnet holder 27 arranged via an adjusting plate 28 on the underside of the stationary support ring 15 by means of two setscrews 29.1 and 29.2 adjustable and tiltable in the radial direction and lockable by means of a clamping screw 30, the two setscrews 29.1, 29.2 in a holding plate fastened to the support ring 15 31 are stored.

Fig. 2 shows the lock parts of the blank lock carrier 17 and the needle lock carrier 18 of two adjacent systems of the circular knitting machine. On the circuit board lock carrier 17, a circuit board retaining ring 32 is arranged in an annular groove, which prevents the selection boards 22 from falling out of their guide grooves in the needle cylinder 10 when the circuit board lock carrier 17 is removed. In a known manner, the needle lock has a wedge lock part 33 with a counter-lock part 34, which can be adjusted together via an adjusting disc 35 shown in FIG. 1. The needle lock parts act on a foot 21.1 of the needles 21. The selection boards 22, which act as needle pushers, are provided with a head 22.1, an expulsion foot 22.2, a pivot point 22.3 and a return spring 35. At the lower end of the selection board 22, an anchor surface 22.4 is formed on the rear side and a rectilinear run-up surface 22.5 on the shaft of the selection board 22 on the opposite front side, which permits a simultaneous longitudinal and pivoting movement of the selection board 22. A second run-up surface 22.6 is located on the output foot 22.2.

The circuit board lock carrier 17 has an expulsion lock part 36 for the expulsion foot 22.2 and two mutually offset pressure lock parts, namely a first pressure lock part 37 and a second pressure lock part 38, the effect of which is explained in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 3-8. The two pressure lock parts 37 and 38 are each in the direction of passage of the selection boards 22 indicated by an arrow 39 in front of the selection area A of the selection magnet 25 of the needle selection point assigned to the system in question. Further lock parts 40 and 41 serve to act on the board head 22.1 or to secure the board shaft in the region of its pivot point 22.3. The lock parts 40 clear the way for an expulsion movement of the selection boards 22 upward and guide them downward again on the board head 22.1 into the passageway 40.1, at the height of which the needle selection takes place at the needle selection points. There is a certain play between the lock part 41 and the shaft of the selection boards 22. The lock part 41 thus does not act as a pressure lock part.

3 and 4 of the plate drive-out lock part 36 with its drive-out edge 36.1 for the drive-out foot 22.2 of the selection boards 22, this drive-out foot 22.2 is shown in several pass-through positions in the area of the first pressure lock part 37 and the second pressure lock part 38. Four of the through positions are marked with the numbers V, VI, VII, VIII. 4 shows the end section of a selection board 22 in addition to the board lock parts. From FIG. 4 it can be clearly seen that the selection boards 22 in the direction of passage 39 initially with their contact surface 22.5 onto the first pressure lock part 37 rising relatively flat meet and be pivoted by this pressure lock part 37 until in position VII the expulsion foot 22.2 meets with its contact surface 22.6 on the second pressure lock part 38, the position of which can be precisely adjusted by an intermediate piece 42 and the further pivoting of the selection plate 22 until it is offered a selection magnet 25 worried. The second pressure lock part 38 ends in the direction of passage in a discharge edge 38.1, which allows the plates 22 released by the selection magnet 25 to be pivoted back under the restoring action of their spring 35. From Fig. 3 is still a recess 43 in the drive lock part 36 can be seen, in which the drive feet 22.2 can be swung in from the rotary position, i.e. not on the drive edge 36.1 of the drive lock part 36 selection plates 22, so that their shafts are detected early by the first pressure lock part 37 .

5 shows an overall view of a selection board 22 in position V according to FIGS. 3 and 4, which, as a board selected at a previous needle selection point, has run up with its drive-out foot 22.2 onto the drive-out edge 36.1 of the drive-out lock part 36 and has brought the associated needle 21 into its knitting position Has. The shaft end area is located shortly before it strikes the first pressure lock part 37. FIGS. 5-8 show that the guide webs 23 have a recess 44 at the level of the first pressure lock parts 37, into which the pressure lock part 37 can be immersed. The lower end 23.1 of the guide webs 23 projects beyond the lower edge of the needle cylinder 10 into the space 24 occupied by the selection magnet 25. The projecting end 23.1 of the Guide webs 23 are provided on the rear radially inward from the lower end with a bevel 45 so that the selection magnets 25 are not short-circuited via the guide webs.

FIG. 6 shows a selection plate 22 remaining in the concentric position in position VI according to FIGS. 3 and 4. Its expulsion foot 22.2 leaves the recess 43 of the expulsion lock part 36 and its contact surface 22.5 begins to run onto the first pressure lock part 37.

Fig. 7 shows a selection board 22 in the position VII of Fig. 3 and 4. It has already run a distance with its contact surface 22.5 on the first pressure lock part 37 and has been pivoted accordingly about its pivot point 22.3, and it has now reached the point , where their outlet foot 22.2 meets the second pressure lock part 38 with its run-up surface 22.6. The highest point of the first pressure lock part 37 has been reached, and the further pivoting movement of the selection board 22 is brought about by the second pressure lock part 38 via the output foot 22.2.

8 shows the circuit board 22 in the position VIII according to FIGS. 3 and 4. The expulsion foot 22.2 has reached the highest point of the second pressure lock part 38. In this maximum swivel position, the plate end is pressed with its anchor surface 22.4 against the selection magnet 25, with a slight overpressure and thus a slight bending of the board shaft advantageously taking place between its pivot point 22.3 and its adjacent anchor surface 22.4 in order to compensate for manufacturing tolerances and wear. The board 22 is moved beyond the shedding edge 38. 1 of the second pressure lock part 38 shown in FIG. 4 and there either held by the electromagnet 25 in this position, which means taking up a concentric position in the next system of the machine, or let go of the electromagnet 25 and thereby pivoted back by its spring 35 into a position in which it can be used on the next system with its expander 22.2 is detected by the drive lock part 36.

Fig. 9 shows the structure of the selection magnets 25. They have in a known manner two soft iron pole legs 46 and 47, between their ends and anchored in a magnetically non-conductive part 48, a permanent magnet 49 is arranged, while between the other two and free ends the soft iron pole shoes 46 and 47 a sapphire bar 50 serving as a sliding bar is arranged, against which the anchor surface 22.4 of the selection boards 22 comes to rest. On the soft iron pole pieces 46 and 47, a discharge winding 51, 51.1 is arranged, which receives current pulses which cancel the attraction force exerted by the permanent magnet 49 and causes a release of the end section of the plates 22 by reversing the magnetic field. The magnetically non-conductive part 48 is fastened on a magnet holder 27 which is anchored to the support ring 15, as has already been described in connection with FIG. 1. Both the magnet holder 27 and the pole shoes 46, 47 are directed radially. The longitudinal expansion in the direction of the arrow 53 shown when the magnet holder 27 is heated is compensated for by an opposite expansion movement of the soft iron pole shoes in the direction of the arrow 52 shown, so that the adjusted position of the selection magnet 25 relative to the orbit of the selection boards 22 is constant remains held. Otherwise, the machine structure permits readjustment of the selection magnets 25 or the replacement of individual magnets at any time without the prior removal of the lock carrier of a system.

Claims (11)

1. Multi-system round-knitting machine with electro-magnetic needle selection, wherein longitudinally adjustable and pivotable selector platens, which are associated with the needles, are offered to a selector magnet by a pressure-lock element at each place of selection against the force of a return spring, characterised in that the needle locks and the platen locks of all systems are arranged on top of each other on a common support ring (15). which rests via individual webs (16) on a lock-support plate (14) of the machine chassis (13), that the selector magnets (25) are inserted, via a free space established between the webs (16), between support ring (15) and lock-support plate (14) into a free space (24) located radially within the selector platens (22), and that the magnet holder (27) is anchored at the platen-support ring (15), and that the platen locks offer for each place of needle selection two pressure-lock elements (37, 38), which act on the selector platen (22) and which are transposed relative to each other in the axial direction of the machine.
2. Round-knitting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that both pressure-lock elements (37, 38) are arranged so as to be transposed in the circumferential direction of the platen lock as well, so that the first pressure-lock element (37) and subsequently the second pressure-lock element (38), which is further away from the selector magnet (25), act on the selector platens (22).
3. Round-knitting machine according to claim 1 and 2, characterised in that at the same time the selector platens (22) serve as needle butts and are provided with a drive-out foot (22.2), that the free end of the platen which is facing away from the associated needle (21) forms on its one side a magnet armature surface (22.4) and on its other side a straight run-up surface (22.5) for the first of the two pressure-lock elements (37), whilst the run-up surface (22.6) for the second pressure-lock element (38) is formed at the drive-out foot (22.2).
4. Round-knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the selector platens (22) are slightly overloaded by the second pressure-lock element (38) whilst being offered to the selector magnet (25), so that elastic bending takes place of the selector platen (22) which is supported at its pivot point (22.3) at the needle cylinder (10) and at its free end at the selector magnet (25).
5. Round-knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the peripheral area (24) of the machine, which is taken up by the selector magnets (25) which are radially arranged within the selector-platen ends, is inwardly sealed by an annular casing (26) of magnetically non-conductive material which is arranged at the needle cylinder (10).
6. Round-knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the magnet holder (27) which is anchored to the support ring (15) comprises a radially adjustable web, onto the inside end of which is placed a magnetically non-conductive element (48) with the selector magnet (25), and that the selector magnet (25) comprises soft-iron pole shoes (46, 47) of radially outward orientation.
7. Round-knitting machine according to claim 6, characterised in that a sapphire ledge (50) is arranged in a conventional manner between the butt ends of the soft-iron pole shoes.
8. Round-knitting machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the magnet holder (27) is arranged on an adjusting plate (28) so as to be radially adjustable and tiltable by means of adjusting bolts (29.1, 29.2).
9. Round-knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the needles and selector platens are guided between webs which are inserted in the needle cylinder, characterised in that the bottom ends (23.1) of the webs (23) extend beyond the needle cylinder (10) into the free space (24) provided for the selector magnets (25), where they are radially slanted (45) from the bottom end of the inserted webs for the purpose of laterally exposing the anchorage surface (22.4) of the selector platens (22), which is offered to the selector magnets (25).
10. Round-knitting machine according to claim 9, characterised in that the guide webs (23) have at their outside a recess (44) at the level of a first pressure-lock element (37) of the needle-selector locations, into which recess the first pressure-lock element (37) can enter.
11. Round-knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a platen securing ring (32) is arranged in an annular groove in the platen-lock carrier.

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