EP0285472A1 - Metering head for pressurized containers with continuous valve - Google Patents

Metering head for pressurized containers with continuous valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0285472A1
EP0285472A1 EP88400494A EP88400494A EP0285472A1 EP 0285472 A1 EP0285472 A1 EP 0285472A1 EP 88400494 A EP88400494 A EP 88400494A EP 88400494 A EP88400494 A EP 88400494A EP 0285472 A1 EP0285472 A1 EP 0285472A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dosing
valve
head according
central
continuous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88400494A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0285472B1 (en
Inventor
Catherine Suck
Pierre Bret
Jacques Pozzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Promotion Recherche et Innovation Technologique Ste
Original Assignee
Promotion Recherche et Innovation Technologique Ste
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Publication date
Application filed by Promotion Recherche et Innovation Technologique Ste filed Critical Promotion Recherche et Innovation Technologique Ste
Priority to AT88400494T priority Critical patent/ATE70020T1/en
Publication of EP0285472A1 publication Critical patent/EP0285472A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0285472B1 publication Critical patent/EP0285472B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/44—Valves specially adapted therefor; Regulating devices
    • B65D83/52—Valves specially adapted therefor; Regulating devices for metering
    • B65D83/54—Metering valves ; Metering valve assemblies
    • B65D83/546—Metering valves ; Metering valve assemblies the metering occurring at least partially in the actuating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/8667—Reciprocating valve
    • Y10T137/86694—Piston valve
    • Y10T137/86702—With internal flow passage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dosing head for pressure vessels with continuous valve.
  • This insert has a passage connecting the hollow stem of the continuous valve to a metering chamber which is itself connected by another passage to the expulsion nozzle.
  • a valve whose closure is caused by the pressure of the finger on the valve head, and the opening by the release of this pressure.
  • all the elements of the dosing cap are made of rubber, that is to say deformable in all directions, it is quite difficult to obtain on the one hand a regular dosage, on the other hand a good efficiency of the valve.
  • the production of the valve is delicate, as is that of the metering chamber with a movable wall.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a dosing head which adapts in a simple and removable manner to a pressure vessel, with continuous valve.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a dosing head which is particularly simple to produce, and therefore inexpensive.
  • the invention relates to a dosing head for pressure vessels with continuous valve, in which is provided a cup having a central plate provided with an axial orifice for the continuous valve, of the type comprising a dosing bell with an elastic membrane and a membrane support with a central foot traversed by an axial passage, and a sheath-tip, characterized in that said axial passage of the central foot of the membrane support has a seat valve which comes to apply directly or indirectly on the continuous valve to fill the dosing bell during the dosing phase, and which deviates from it to connect the dosing bell to the nozzle during the expulsion phase.
  • cup 1 which constitutes the upper part of a pressure vessel not shown.
  • This cup has a central plate 2, an annular flange 3 and, between the two, an annular groove 4.
  • the central plate 2 is pierced with an axial orifice to allow the hollow rod 5 of the continuous valve placed in the container to protrude.
  • a seal 7 is arranged between the central plate 2 and the body 6 of the continuous valve.
  • the rod 5 is biased towards the outside of the container by a spring 8. It has a blind axial passage 9 opening to the outside at its upper end, and a radial bore 10 opening into the axial passage 9.
  • the bore 10 is closed by the seal 7. If the rod 5 is pressed, thus compressing the spring 8, the bore 10 is passed under the seal 7 and the pressurized liquid contained in the container can escape to the outside through the hole 10 and the axial passage 9.
  • the dosing head according to the invention is fitted to the rod 5.
  • This dosing head comprises the following elements: a bell dispenser 11 defining the volume of the liquid to be dispensed; a rubber or elastomer membrane 12, acting as an elastic wall of the metering chamber; a membrane support 13; and a sheath-nozzle 17.
  • the membrane support 13 is fixed, by snap-fastening for example, in the dosing bell 11; it has a central foot 14 provided with an axial passage 15 ending at its base in the form of a valve seat 16. Beyond the valve seat 16, the central foot 14 is extended by fingers 18.
  • the foot central 14 carries at its periphery an annular rib 19, of triangular section for example, on which the sheath-end piece 17 is snapped in.
  • the sheath-end piece 17 consists of: a central cylindrical chamber 20 surrounding the central foot 14 of membrane support 13; a radial end piece 21; and a cylindrical sheath or skirt 22 long enough for its free edge to slide under the collar 3 so as to hold the dosing head in place on the container.
  • the free edge of the sheath 22 has an outer rib 23.
  • the sheath 22 also carries, on the outside, a tear-off tongue 24, which serves as a stop on the flange 3 to prevent the head from being pushed in. dosage. When this safety tab is removed, the dosing head can be actuated.
  • the central chamber 20 has an annular bottom 25, through which the rod 5.
  • a seal 26 on which the fingers 18 are supported is disposed in the chamber 20, and resting on the bottom 25, a seal 26 on which the fingers 18 are supported. Therefore, the seal 26 slides tightly on the valve stem 5.
  • the bottom 25 of the chamber 20 outside carries two arcs 27, the free end of which rests on the central plate 2 of the cup 1 and which act as springs to accompany the upward movement of the dosing head, when the pressure of the finger is removed.
  • the operation of the dosing head according to the invention is as follows. First of all, the dosing head is placed on the container provided with its continuous hollow rod valve 5. This positioning is done by light pressure on the bell 17, so that the outer rib 23 which borders the sheath 22 crosses the collar 3. The corresponding downward movement of the metering head is stopped by the safety tab 24 which abuts on the collar 3. During this positioning of the metering head, the seal seal 26 has come to slide on the hollow rod 5, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the bell 11 Before using the dosing head, remove the tear-off tab 24. If the bell 11 is then pressed, the valve seat 16 is applied to the end of the rod 5, then pushes this rod in. compressing the spring 8 until the radial bore 10 passes under the seal 7. The pressurized liquid which is in the container then rises through the radial bore 10, the axial passage 9 of the rod 5, and the axial passage 15 of the central leg 14 of the membrane support 13, and pushes the elastic membrane 12 which is applied against the bell 11. For the metering to be precise, the bell 11 has vents 36.
  • valve seat 16 which is supported on the rod 5 prevents any passage of the pressurized liquid towards the nozzle 21.
  • the spring 8 causes the rod 5 to rise up until the radial bore 10 is closed by the seal 7, thus closing the container.
  • the arcs 27 help to return the dosing head upwards, until the rib 23 comes into abutment under the flange 3.
  • the valve seat 16 moves away from the end of the rod 5, opening the passage to the end piece 21.
  • the liquid under pressure contained in the bell 11 can then escape, by relaxing, through the end piece 21.
  • the elastic membrane 12 returns to its initial position and contributes to the expulsion of the liquid.
  • the product in the container is in liquid form and is under pressure.
  • the dosing phase that is to say filling the dosing bell, it remains under pressure and in liquid form.
  • the product is brought to atmospheric pressure and can then be in a form other than liquid. It is thus possible to expel an aerosol, a foam, or a cream for example.
  • a foaming product a liquid dosage is carried out and a foam is distributed whose volume, or quantity, is proportional to the volume of the bell.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a cup 1 identical to that of Figure 1, but mounted on a container equipped with a continuous valve of female type, that is to say having no hollow rod 5 like that of FIG. 1.
  • a connector 30 such as that shown in FIG. 2.
  • This connector 30 is presented as hollow rod, the head of which, housed in the cylindrical chamber 20, has a peripheral rib 32 ensuring its retention above the joint 26.
  • the connector 30 carries a disc 31 on which the arches 27 come to bear.
  • the connector 30 is provided with an axial passage 33 passing completely through it, and it has at least one notch 34 at its lower end.
  • valve seat 16 When the bell 11 is pressed, the valve seat 16 is applied to the end of the fitting 30 and pushes this fitting which compresses the spring 8 and pushes the piston 35 of the valve away from the seal 7.
  • the pressurized liquid then passes through the notches 34 of the fitting 30, through its axial passage 33, through the axial passage 15 of the membrane support 13 and will lift the membrane 12 and fill the bell 11.
  • the spring 8 pushes the piston 35 and the connector 30 and closes the container, then the arcs 27 push the head back metering relative to the connector 30, which separates the valve seat 16 from the end of the connector 30 and allows the exhaust.
  • the sheath-tip 17 is not integral with the central foot 14 of the membrane support 13.
  • the fingers 18 and the annular rib 19 have been removed, to allow a relative movement of the central leg 14 relative to the sheath-end piece 17.
  • the arcs 27 are eliminated and to ensure the upward return of the dosing bell, at least one arc 37 is disposed under the membrane support 13, and bearing on the sheath 17.
  • the cylindrical chamber 20 extends upwards and has an annular rib 39 towards the outside, intended to snap onto an annular rib 40 extending inwards and carried by a cylindrical skirt 41 carried by the membrane support 13.
  • the central leg 14 carries an annular shoulder 42 serving to support a joint 38 ensuring the seal between the central leg 14 and the cylindrical chamber 20.
  • the skirt 22 of the sheath-tip 17 rises above the hollow rod 5 of the continuous valve.
  • the sheath 17 has a disc 43 which bears on the hollow rod 5.
  • This disc 43 carries a cylindrical sleeve 44 extending downward and which is fitted on the hollow rod 5, to ensure a tight connection between the hollow rod 5 and the sheath-end piece 17.
  • the central part of the disc 43 is provided a central passage 45 which corresponds to the central passage 9 of the hollow rod 5.
  • a truncated cone 46 intended to cooperate with the valve seat 16 of the central leg 14.
  • valve seat 16 is applied indirectly to the continuous valve, and the operation of the dosing head is only modified by the relative stroke of the dosing bell 11 and the sheath-nozzle 17, on the one hand up to that the valve seat 16 is applied to the truncated cone 46 before dosing, and on the other hand when it deviates from it after dosing and during expulsion.
  • FIG. 4 it can be seen that the dosing head of FIG. 3 has been adapted to the case of a continuous female type valve, like that of FIG. 2.
  • the cylindrical sleeve 44 has been extended downwards until lean on the valve body 35. It has at its base at least one notch 34. The operation is the same as for the case of FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 is shown an alternative embodiment of the seal on the hollow rod of Figure 1.
  • the seal 26 is removed.
  • the fingers 18 extend to the bottom 25 of the cylindrical chamber 20.
  • the bottom 25 has a lip 47, annular, molded, which rubs on the rod 5 to ensure the seal.
  • seal 38 provided on the central leg 14 in the case of FIGS. 3 and 4 can be replaced by a lip molded, carried by the outer edge of the shoulder 42, and the like. the lip 47 of FIG. 5.
  • the dosing head according to the invention has several advantages among which it may be noted: - the limited number of components, allowing automated manufacturing; - apart from the seals 26, 38 and the membrane 12, the other components are made of molded plastic; - immediate adaptability to continuous male and female valves.

Abstract

The axial passage 15 of the central foot (14) of the membrane support (13) has a valve seat (16) which is applied on the end of the hollow rod (5) of the continuous valve in order to fill the bell- shaped metering device (11) during the metering phase, and which moves away from this end of the hollow rod (5) in order to connect the bell- shaped metering device to the joining piece (21) during the expulsion phase. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne une tête de dosage pour récipients sous pression à valve continue.The invention relates to a dosing head for pressure vessels with continuous valve.

Il est connu d'adapter, sur une valve continue à tige creuse, un chapeau doseur pour constituer un ensemble de valve doseuse. Le document FR-A- 1 325 336 décrit un exemple de chapeau doseur en caoutchouc, dans lequel une pièce est rapportée sur la tige creuse de la valve continue.It is known to adapt, on a continuous valve with hollow stem, a dosing cap to constitute a metering valve assembly. Document FR-A-1,325,336 describes an example of a rubber dosing cap, in which a part is attached to the hollow stem of the continuous valve.

Cette pièce rapportée présente un passage reliant la tige creuse de la valve continue à une chambre de dosage qui est elle-même reliée par un autre passage à la buse d'expulsion. Dans cet autre passage est prévu un clapet dont la fermeture est provoquée par la pression du doigt sur la tête de valve, et l'ouverture par le relâchement de cette pression. Comme tous les éléments du chapeau doseur sont en caoutchouc, c'est-à-dire déformables dans toutes les directions, il est assez difficile d'obtenir d'une part un dosage régulier, d'autre part une bonne efficacité du clapet. Enfin, la réalisation du clapet est délicate, de même que celle de la chambre de dosage à paroi déplaçable.This insert has a passage connecting the hollow stem of the continuous valve to a metering chamber which is itself connected by another passage to the expulsion nozzle. In this other passage is provided a valve whose closure is caused by the pressure of the finger on the valve head, and the opening by the release of this pressure. As all the elements of the dosing cap are made of rubber, that is to say deformable in all directions, it is quite difficult to obtain on the one hand a regular dosage, on the other hand a good efficiency of the valve. Finally, the production of the valve is delicate, as is that of the metering chamber with a movable wall.

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une tête de dosage qui s'adapte de façon simple et amovible sur un récipient sous pression, à valve continue.An object of the invention is to provide a dosing head which adapts in a simple and removable manner to a pressure vessel, with continuous valve.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer une tête de dosage de réalisation particulièrement simple, donc peu onéreuse.Another object of the invention is to propose a dosing head which is particularly simple to produce, and therefore inexpensive.

L'invention a pour objet une tête de dosage pour récipients sous pression à valve continue , dans lesquels est prévue une coupelle présentant un plateau central muni d'un orifice axial pour la valve continue, du type comportant une cloche doseuse avec une membrane élastique et un support de membrane à pied central traversé par un passage axial, et une gaîne-embout, caractérisée en ce que ledit passage axial du pied central du support de membrane présente un siège de clapet qui vient s'appliquer directement ou indirectement sur la valve continue pour remplir la cloche doseuse pendant la phase de dosage, et qui s'en écarte pour relier la cloche doseuse à l'embout pendant la phase d'expulsion.The invention relates to a dosing head for pressure vessels with continuous valve, in which is provided a cup having a central plate provided with an axial orifice for the continuous valve, of the type comprising a dosing bell with an elastic membrane and a membrane support with a central foot traversed by an axial passage, and a sheath-tip, characterized in that said axial passage of the central foot of the membrane support has a seat valve which comes to apply directly or indirectly on the continuous valve to fill the dosing bell during the dosing phase, and which deviates from it to connect the dosing bell to the nozzle during the expulsion phase.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :
    - autour de la tige creuse est prévu un joint ou une lèvre coulissant de façon étanche sur la tige creuse ;
    - le joint est disposé sur le fond d'une chambre centrale de la gaîne-embout;
    - le fond de la chambre centrale porte deux arcs dont l'extrémité libre repose sur le plateau central de la coupelle, jouant le rôle de ressort pour renvoyer la tête de dosage vers sa position d'échappement;
    - dans le cas d'une valve continue de type femelle, la tête de dosage est munie d'un raccord en forme de tige creuse et portant un disque d'appui des arcs.
    - la cloche doseuse et la gaîine-embout sont solidaires ;
    - la gaîne-embout présente une disque comportant un passage axial et, autour de ce passage axial, un tronc de cône susceptible de coopérer avec le siège de clapet du pied central du support de membrane ;
    - le disque porte à sa partie inférieure un manchon cylindrique coopérant avec la valve continue du récipient sous pression ;
- le manchon cylindrique est emmanché de façon étanche sur la tige creuse d'une valve continue de type mâle ;
- le manchon cylindrique est en appui sur le corps d'une valve continue de type femelle ;
    - la gaîne-embout présente une chambre centrale cylindrique qui se prolonge vers le haut autour du pied central , et porte une nervure annulaire vers l'extérieur, destinée à s'encliqueter sur une nervure annulaire portée par une jupe cylindrique du support de membrane ;
    - le pied central est muni d'un joint, ou d'une lèvre d'étanchéité, tenu, ou portée par un épaulement. D'autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description qui va suivre faite avec référence au dessin annexé sur lequel on peut voir :

  • Figure 1 : une vue en coupe axiale d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une tête de dosage pour récipient sous pression à valve continue à tige creuse ;
  • Figure 2 : une vue analogue à la figure 1 d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention adapté au cas d'une valve de type femelle ;
  • Figure 3 : une vue analogue à la figure 1 d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention adapté au cas d'une valve continue à tige creuse ;
  • Figure 4 : une vue analogue à la figure 3 d'un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention adapté au cas d'une valve continue de type femelle ;
  • Figure 5 : une vue de détail montrant une variante de réalisation de l'étanchéité sur la tige creuse de la valve continue de la figure 1.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
- around the hollow rod is provided a seal or a lip sliding in leaktight manner on the hollow rod;
- The seal is arranged on the bottom of a central chamber of the sheath-nozzle;
- The bottom of the central chamber has two arches, the free end of which rests on the central plate of the cup, acting as a spring to return the dosing head to its exhaust position;
- in the case of a continuous female type valve, the dosing head is provided with a connector in the form of a hollow rod and carrying a support disc for the arcs.
- the dosing bell and the sheath-nozzle are integral;
- The sheath-nozzle has a disc having an axial passage and, around this axial passage, a truncated cone capable of cooperating with the valve seat of the central leg of the membrane support;
- The disc carries at its lower part a cylindrical sleeve cooperating with the continuous valve of the pressure vessel;
- The cylindrical sleeve is tightly fitted onto the hollow rod of a continuous male type valve;
- the cylindrical sleeve is supported on the body of a continuous female type valve;
- the sheath-nozzle has a cylindrical central chamber which extends upwards around the central foot, and carries an annular rib towards the outside, intended to snap onto an annular rib carried by a cylindrical skirt of the membrane support;
- the central leg is provided with a seal, or with a sealing lip, held or carried by a shoulder. Other characteristics will emerge from the description which follows, made with reference to the attached drawing on which we can see:
  • Figure 1: an axial sectional view of a first embodiment of a metering head for a pressure vessel with continuous valve with hollow rod;
  • Figure 2: a view similar to Figure 1 of a second embodiment of the invention adapted to the case of a female type valve;
  • Figure 3: a view similar to Figure 1 of a third embodiment of the invention adapted to the case of a continuous valve with hollow stem;
  • Figure 4: a view similar to Figure 3 of a fourth embodiment of the invention adapted to the case of a continuous valve of the female type;
  • Figure 5: a detail view showing an alternative embodiment of the seal on the hollow rod of the continuous valve of Figure 1.

Sur la figure 1, on voit la coupelle 1 qui constitue la partie supérieure d'un récipient sous pression non représenté. Cette coupelle présente un plateau central 2, une collerette annulaire 3 et, entre les deux, une gorge annulaire 4. Le plateau central 2 est percé d'un orifice axial pour laisser dépasser la tige creuse 5 de la valve continue placée dans le récipient. Un joint 7 est disposé entre le plateau central 2 et le corps 6 de la valve continue. La tige 5 est sollicitée vers l'extérieur du récipient par un ressort 8. Elle présente un passage axial borgne 9 débouchant à l'extérieur à son extrémité supérieure, et un perçage radial 10 débouchant dans le passage axial 9. En position de fermeture de la valve continue (cas de la figure 1), le perçage 10 se trouve obturé par le joint 7. Si l'on appuie sur la tige 5, en comprimant ainsi le ressort 8, on fait passer le perçage 10 sous le joint 7 et le liquide sous pression contenu dans le récipient peut s'échapper à l'extérieur par le perçage 10 et le passage axial 9.In Figure 1, we see the cup 1 which constitutes the upper part of a pressure vessel not shown. This cup has a central plate 2, an annular flange 3 and, between the two, an annular groove 4. The central plate 2 is pierced with an axial orifice to allow the hollow rod 5 of the continuous valve placed in the container to protrude. A seal 7 is arranged between the central plate 2 and the body 6 of the continuous valve. The rod 5 is biased towards the outside of the container by a spring 8. It has a blind axial passage 9 opening to the outside at its upper end, and a radial bore 10 opening into the axial passage 9. In the closed position of the valve continues (case of FIG. 1), the bore 10 is closed by the seal 7. If the rod 5 is pressed, thus compressing the spring 8, the bore 10 is passed under the seal 7 and the pressurized liquid contained in the container can escape to the outside through the hole 10 and the axial passage 9.

Tous les éléments de la description qui précède sont classiques et ont été représentés en trait interrompu sur la figure 1. La tête de dosage selon l'invention vient s'adapter sur la tige 5. Cette tête de dosage comprend les éléments suivants : une cloche doseuse 11 définissant le volume du liquide à doser ; une membrane 12 en caoutchouc ou élastomère, jouant le rôle de paroi élastique de chambre de dosage ; un support de membrane 13 ; et une gaîne-embout 17. Le support de membrane 13 est fixé, par encliquetage par exemple, dans la cloche doseuse 11 ; il présente un pied central 14 muni d'un passage axial 15 se terminant à sa base en forme de siège de clapet 16. Au-delà du siège de clapet 16, le pied central 14 se prolonge par des doigts 18. Enfin, le pied central 14 porte à sa périphérie une nervure annulaire 19, à section triangulaire par exemple, sur laquelle vient s'encliqueter la gaîne-embout 17. La gaîne-embout 17 se compose : d'une chambre centrale cylindrique 20 entourant le pied central 14 du support de membrane 13; d'un embout 21 radial ; et d'une gaîne ou jupe cylindrique 22 assez longue pour que son bord libre vienne se glisser sous la collerette 3 de façon à maintenir en place la tête de dosage sur le récipient. A cet effet, le bord libre de la gaîne 22 présente une nervure extérieure 23. La gaîne 22 porte encore, à l'extérieur, une languette déchirable 24, qui sert de butée sur la collerette 3 pour empêcher l'enfoncement de la tête de dosage. Lorsque cette languette de sécurité est enlevée, on peut actionner la tête de dosage.All the elements of the foregoing description are conventional and have been shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. The dosing head according to the invention is fitted to the rod 5. This dosing head comprises the following elements: a bell dispenser 11 defining the volume of the liquid to be dispensed; a rubber or elastomer membrane 12, acting as an elastic wall of the metering chamber; a membrane support 13; and a sheath-nozzle 17. The membrane support 13 is fixed, by snap-fastening for example, in the dosing bell 11; it has a central foot 14 provided with an axial passage 15 ending at its base in the form of a valve seat 16. Beyond the valve seat 16, the central foot 14 is extended by fingers 18. Finally, the foot central 14 carries at its periphery an annular rib 19, of triangular section for example, on which the sheath-end piece 17 is snapped in. The sheath-end piece 17 consists of: a central cylindrical chamber 20 surrounding the central foot 14 of membrane support 13; a radial end piece 21; and a cylindrical sheath or skirt 22 long enough for its free edge to slide under the collar 3 so as to hold the dosing head in place on the container. For this purpose, the free edge of the sheath 22 has an outer rib 23. The sheath 22 also carries, on the outside, a tear-off tongue 24, which serves as a stop on the flange 3 to prevent the head from being pushed in. dosage. When this safety tab is removed, the dosing head can be actuated.

La chambre centrale 20 comporte un fond annulaire 25, que traverse la tige 5. Dans la chambre 20, et reposant sur le fond 25, est disposé un joint d'étanchéité 26 sur lequel s'appuient les doigts 18. De ce fait, le joint 26 glisse de façon étanche sur la tige de valve 5. Enfin, le fond 25 de la chambre 20 porte à l'extérieur deux arcs 27 dont l'extrémité libre repose sur le plateau central 2 de la coupelle 1 et qui jouent le rôle de ressorts pour accompagner le mouvement de renvoi vers le haut, de la tête de dosage, lorsque la pression du doigt est enlevée.The central chamber 20 has an annular bottom 25, through which the rod 5. In the chamber 20, and resting on the bottom 25, is disposed a seal 26 on which the fingers 18 are supported. Therefore, the seal 26 slides tightly on the valve stem 5. Finally, the bottom 25 of the chamber 20 outside carries two arcs 27, the free end of which rests on the central plate 2 of the cup 1 and which act as springs to accompany the upward movement of the dosing head, when the pressure of the finger is removed.

Le fonctionnement de la tête de dosage selon l'invention est le suivant. Tout d'abord, la tête de dosage est mise en place sur le récipient muni de sa valve continue à tige creuse 5. Cette mise en place se fait par une légère pression sur la cloche 17, de façon que la nervure extérieure 23 qui borde la gaîne 22 franchisse la collerette 3. Le mouvement de descente corrélatif de la tête de dosage est arrêté par la languette de sécurité 24 qui vient en butée sur la collerette 3. Au cours de cette mise en place de la tête de dosage, le joint d'étanchéité 26 est venu se glisser sur la tige creuse 5, comme représenté sur la figure 1.The operation of the dosing head according to the invention is as follows. First of all, the dosing head is placed on the container provided with its continuous hollow rod valve 5. This positioning is done by light pressure on the bell 17, so that the outer rib 23 which borders the sheath 22 crosses the collar 3. The corresponding downward movement of the metering head is stopped by the safety tab 24 which abuts on the collar 3. During this positioning of the metering head, the seal seal 26 has come to slide on the hollow rod 5, as shown in FIG. 1.

Avant usage de la tête de dosage, il faut enlever la languette déchirable 24. Si l'on appuie alors sur la cloche 11, le siège de clapet 16 vient s'appliquer sur l'extrémité de la tige 5, puis enfonce cette tige en comprimant le ressort 8 jusqu'à ce que le perçage radial 10 passe sous le joint 7. Le liquide sous pression qui se trouve dans le récipient remonte alors par le perçage radial 10, le passage axial 9 de la tige 5, et le passage axial 15 du pied central 14 du support de membrane 13, et repousse la membrane élastique 12 qui s'applique contre la cloche 11. Pour que le dosage soit précis, la cloche 11 présente des évents 36.Before using the dosing head, remove the tear-off tab 24. If the bell 11 is then pressed, the valve seat 16 is applied to the end of the rod 5, then pushes this rod in. compressing the spring 8 until the radial bore 10 passes under the seal 7. The pressurized liquid which is in the container then rises through the radial bore 10, the axial passage 9 of the rod 5, and the axial passage 15 of the central leg 14 of the membrane support 13, and pushes the elastic membrane 12 which is applied against the bell 11. For the metering to be precise, the bell 11 has vents 36.

Le siège de clapet 16 qui est en appui sur la tige 5 empêche tout passage du liquide sous pression vers l'embout 21.The valve seat 16 which is supported on the rod 5 prevents any passage of the pressurized liquid towards the nozzle 21.

Lorsqu'on relâche la pression du doigt sur la cloche 11, le ressort 8 fait remonter la tige 5 jusqu'à ce que le perçage radial 10 soit obturé par le joint 7, refermant ainsi le récipient. Les arcs 27 contribuent à renvoyer vers le haut la tête de dosage, jusqu'à ce que la nervure 23 vienne se mettre en butée sous la collerette 3. A partir du moment où la tige 5 a terminé son mouvement de remontée, le siège de clapet 16 s'éloigne de l'extrémité de la tige 5, ouvrant le passage vers l'embout 21. Le liquide sous pression contenu dans la cloche 11 peut alors s'échapper, en se détendant, par l'embout 21. La membrane élastique 12 revient à sa position initiale et contribue à l'expulsion du liquide.When the pressure of the finger on the bell 11 is released, the spring 8 causes the rod 5 to rise up until the radial bore 10 is closed by the seal 7, thus closing the container. The arcs 27 help to return the dosing head upwards, until the rib 23 comes into abutment under the flange 3. From the moment the rod 5 has completed its upward movement, the valve seat 16 moves away from the end of the rod 5, opening the passage to the end piece 21. The liquid under pressure contained in the bell 11 can then escape, by relaxing, through the end piece 21. The elastic membrane 12 returns to its initial position and contributes to the expulsion of the liquid.

Le produit contenu dans le récipient est sous forme liquide et il est sous pression. Pendant la phase de dosage, c'est-à-dire de remplissage de la cloche doseuse, il reste sous pression et sous forme liquide. En revanche, pendant la phase d'échappement, le produit est mis à la pression atmosphérique et peut alors se présenter sous une forme autre que liquide. On peut ainsi expulser un aérosol, une mousse, ou une crème par exemple. Dans le cas d'un produit moussant, on réalise un dosage de liquide et on distribue une mousse dont le volume, ou la quantité, est proportionnel au volume de la cloche.The product in the container is in liquid form and is under pressure. During the dosing phase, that is to say filling the dosing bell, it remains under pressure and in liquid form. On the other hand, during the exhaust phase, the product is brought to atmospheric pressure and can then be in a form other than liquid. It is thus possible to expel an aerosol, a foam, or a cream for example. In the case of a foaming product, a liquid dosage is carried out and a foam is distributed whose volume, or quantity, is proportional to the volume of the bell.

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté une coupelle 1 identique à celle de la figure 1, mais montée sur un récipient équipé d'une valve continue de type femelle, c'est-à-dire ne présentant pas de tige creuse 5 comme celle de la figure 1. Pour que la tête de dosage selon l'invention soit utilisable avec ce type de valve, il suffit de l'équiper d'un raccord 30 tel que celui représenté sur la figure 2. Ce raccord 30 se présente comme une tige creuse dont la tête, logée dans la chambre cylindrique 20, présente une nervure périphérique 32 assurant son maintien au dessus du joint 26. Le raccord 30 porte un disque 31 sur lequel viennent prendre appui les arcs 27. Le raccord 30 est muni d'un passage axial 33 le traversant complètement, et il présente à son extrémité inférieure au moins une échancrure 34.In Figure 2, there is shown a cup 1 identical to that of Figure 1, but mounted on a container equipped with a continuous valve of female type, that is to say having no hollow rod 5 like that of FIG. 1. In order for the dosing head according to the invention to be usable with this type of valve, it suffices to equip it with a connector 30 such as that shown in FIG. 2. This connector 30 is presented as hollow rod, the head of which, housed in the cylindrical chamber 20, has a peripheral rib 32 ensuring its retention above the joint 26. The connector 30 carries a disc 31 on which the arches 27 come to bear. The connector 30 is provided with an axial passage 33 passing completely through it, and it has at least one notch 34 at its lower end.

Lorsqu'on appuie sur la cloche 11, le siège de clapet 16 vient s'appliquer sur l'extrémité du raccord 30 et repousse ce raccord qui comprime le ressort 8 et repousse le piston 35 de la valve en l'écartant du joint 7. Le liquide sous pression passe alors par les échancrures 34 du raccord 30, par son passage axial 33, par le passage axial 15 du support de membrane 13 et va soulever la membrane 12 et remplir la cloche 11. Lorsqu'on relâche la pression du doigt, le ressort 8 repousse le piston 35 et le raccord 30 et ferme le récipient, puis les arcs 27 repoussent la tête de dosage par rapport au raccord 30, ce qui sépare le siège de clapet 16 de l'extrémité du raccord 30 et permet l'échappement.When the bell 11 is pressed, the valve seat 16 is applied to the end of the fitting 30 and pushes this fitting which compresses the spring 8 and pushes the piston 35 of the valve away from the seal 7. The pressurized liquid then passes through the notches 34 of the fitting 30, through its axial passage 33, through the axial passage 15 of the membrane support 13 and will lift the membrane 12 and fill the bell 11. When the finger pressure is released, the spring 8 pushes the piston 35 and the connector 30 and closes the container, then the arcs 27 push the head back metering relative to the connector 30, which separates the valve seat 16 from the end of the connector 30 and allows the exhaust.

Selon le troisième mode de réalisation de la figure 3, la gaîne-embout 17 n'est pas solidaire du pied central 14 du support de membrane 13. Dans ce cas, on a supprimé les doigts 18 et la nervure annulaire 19, pour permettre un déplacement relatif du pied central 14 par rapport à la gaîne-embout 17. De même, les arcs 27 sont supprimés et pour assurer le renvoi vers le haut de la cloche doseuse, au moins un arc 37 est disposé sous le support de membrane 13, et prenant appui sur la gaîne-embout 17.According to the third embodiment of Figure 3, the sheath-tip 17 is not integral with the central foot 14 of the membrane support 13. In this case, the fingers 18 and the annular rib 19 have been removed, to allow a relative movement of the central leg 14 relative to the sheath-end piece 17. Likewise, the arcs 27 are eliminated and to ensure the upward return of the dosing bell, at least one arc 37 is disposed under the membrane support 13, and bearing on the sheath 17.

La chambre cylindrique 20 se prolonge vers le haut et présente une nervure annulaire 39 vers l'extérieur, destinée à s'encliqueter sur une nervure annulaire 40 s'étendant vers l'intérieur et portée par une jupe cylindrique 41 portée par le support de membrane 13. Le pied central 14 porte un épaulement annulaire 42 servant d'appui à un joint 38 assurant l'étanchéité entre le pied central 14 et la chambre cylindrique 20.The cylindrical chamber 20 extends upwards and has an annular rib 39 towards the outside, intended to snap onto an annular rib 40 extending inwards and carried by a cylindrical skirt 41 carried by the membrane support 13. The central leg 14 carries an annular shoulder 42 serving to support a joint 38 ensuring the seal between the central leg 14 and the cylindrical chamber 20.

La jupe 22 de la gaîne-embout 17 remonte au-­dessus de la tige creuse 5 de la valve continue. La gaîne-embout 17 présente un disque 43 qui vient s'appuyer sur la tige creuse 5. Ce disque 43 porte un manchon cylindrique 44 s'étendant vers le bas et qui est emmanché sur la tige creuse 5, pour assurer une liaison étanche entre la tige creuse 5 et la gaîne-­embout 17. La partie centrale du disque 43 est munie d'un passage central 45 qui correspond au passage central 9 de la tige creuse 5. Autour de ce passage central 45, est prévu un tronc de cône 46 destiné à coopérer avec le siège de clapet 16 du pied central 14. De cette manière, le siège de clapet 16 s'applique indirectement sur la valve continue, et le fonctionnement de la tête de dosage n'est modifié que par la course relative de la cloche doseuse 11 et de la gaîne-embout 17, d'une part jusqu'à ce que le siège de clapet 16 s'applique sur le tronc de cône 46 avant le dosage, et d'autre part lorsqu'il s'en écarte après le dosage et pendant l'expulsion.The skirt 22 of the sheath-tip 17 rises above the hollow rod 5 of the continuous valve. The sheath 17 has a disc 43 which bears on the hollow rod 5. This disc 43 carries a cylindrical sleeve 44 extending downward and which is fitted on the hollow rod 5, to ensure a tight connection between the hollow rod 5 and the sheath-end piece 17. The central part of the disc 43 is provided a central passage 45 which corresponds to the central passage 9 of the hollow rod 5. Around this central passage 45, there is provided a truncated cone 46 intended to cooperate with the valve seat 16 of the central leg 14. In this way, the valve seat 16 is applied indirectly to the continuous valve, and the operation of the dosing head is only modified by the relative stroke of the dosing bell 11 and the sheath-nozzle 17, on the one hand up to that the valve seat 16 is applied to the truncated cone 46 before dosing, and on the other hand when it deviates from it after dosing and during expulsion.

Sur la figure 4, on voit que la tête de dosage de la figure 3 a été adaptée au cas d'une valve continue de type femelle, comme celle de la figure 2. Le manchon cylindrique 44 a été prolongé vers le bas jusqu'à s'appuyer sur le corps de valve 35. Il présente à sa base au moins une échancrure 34. Le fonctionnement est le mêne que pour le cas de la figure 3.In FIG. 4, it can be seen that the dosing head of FIG. 3 has been adapted to the case of a continuous female type valve, like that of FIG. 2. The cylindrical sleeve 44 has been extended downwards until lean on the valve body 35. It has at its base at least one notch 34. The operation is the same as for the case of FIG. 3.

Sur la figure 5 est représentée une variante de réalisation de l'étanchéité sur la tige creuse de la figure 1. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le joint 26 est supprimé. Les doigts 18 se prolongent jusqu'au fond 25 de la chambre cylindrique 20. Autour de la tige creuse 5, le fond 25 porrte une lèvre 47, annulaire, venue de moulage, qui frotte sur la tige 5 pour assurer l'étanchéité.In Figure 5 is shown an alternative embodiment of the seal on the hollow rod of Figure 1. In this embodiment, the seal 26 is removed. The fingers 18 extend to the bottom 25 of the cylindrical chamber 20. Around the hollow rod 5, the bottom 25 has a lip 47, annular, molded, which rubs on the rod 5 to ensure the seal.

De la même manière, le joint d'étanchéité 38 prévu sur le pied central 14 dans le cas des figures 3 et 4 peut être remplacé par une lèvre venue de moulage, portée par l'arête extérieure de l'épaulement 42, et analogue à la lèvre 47 de la figure 5.Likewise, the seal 38 provided on the central leg 14 in the case of FIGS. 3 and 4 can be replaced by a lip molded, carried by the outer edge of the shoulder 42, and the like. the lip 47 of FIG. 5.

La tête de dosage selon l'invention présente plusieurs avantages parmi lesquels on peut noter :
    - le nombre restreint de constituants, permettant une fabrication automatisée ;
    - en dehors des joints 26, 38 et de la membrane 12, les autres constituants sont en matière plastique moulée ;
    - l'adaptabilité immédiate aux valves continues de type mâle, et de type femelle.The dosing head according to the invention has several advantages among which it may be noted:
- the limited number of components, allowing automated manufacturing;
- apart from the seals 26, 38 and the membrane 12, the other components are made of molded plastic;
- immediate adaptability to continuous male and female valves.

Claims (12)

1. Tête de dosage pour récipients sous pression à valve continue , dans lesquels est prévue une coupelle présentant un plateau central muni d'un orifice axial pour la valve continue, du type comportant une cloche de dosage avec une membrane élastique et un support de membrane à pied central traversé par un passage axial, et une gaîne-embout, caractérisée en ce que ledit passage axial (15) du pied central (14) du support de membrane (13) présente un siège de clapet (16) qui vient s'appliquer directement ou indirectement sur la valve continue pour remplir la cloche doseuse (11) pendant la phase de dosage, et qui s'en écarte pour relier la cloche doseuse à l'embout (21) pendant la phase d'expulsion.1. Dosing head for pressure vessels with continuous valve, in which is provided a cup having a central plate provided with an axial orifice for the continuous valve, of the type comprising a dosing bell with an elastic membrane and a membrane support with central leg through which an axial passage passes, and a sheath-tip, characterized in that said axial passage (15) of the central leg (14) of the membrane support (13) has a valve seat (16) which comes apply directly or indirectly to the continuous valve to fill the dosing bell (11) during the dosing phase, and which deviates from it to connect the dosing bell to the nozzle (21) during the expulsion phase. 2. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'autour de la tige creuse (5) est prévu un joint (26) ou une lèvre (47) coulissant de façon étanche sur la tige creuse (5).2. Dosing head according to claim 1, characterized in that around the hollow rod (5) is provided a seal (26) or a lip (47) sliding in leaktight manner on the hollow rod (5). 3. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le joint (26) est disposé sur le fond (25) d'une chambre centrale (20) de la gaîne-­embout (17).3. Metering head according to claim 2, characterized in that the seal (26) is arranged on the bottom (25) of a central chamber (20) of the sheath-nozzle (17). 4. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le fond (25) de la chambre centrale porte deux arcs (27) dont l'extrémité libre repose sur le plateau central (2) de la coupelle (1), jouant le rôle de ressort pour renvoyer la tête de dosage vers sa position d'échappement.4. Dosing head according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (25) of the central chamber carries two arcs (27) whose free end rests on the central plate (2) of the cup (1), playing the role of spring to return the dosing head to its exhaust position. 5. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que dans le cas d'une valve continue de type femelle, la tête de dosage est munie d'un raccord (30) en forme de tige creuse et portant un disque (31) d'appui des arcs (27).5. Metering head according to claim 4, characterized in that in the case of a continuous female type valve, the metering head is provided with a connector (30) in the form of a hollow rod and carrying a disc (31 ) supporting the arches (27). 6. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le cloche doseuse (11) et la gaîne-embout (17) sont solidaires.6. Dosing head according to claim 1, characterized in that the dosing bell (11) and the sheath-nozzle (17) are integral. 7. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la gaîne-embout (17) présente un disque (43) comportant un passage axial (45) et, autour de ce passage axial, un tronc de cône (46) susceptible de coopérer avec le siège de clapet (16) du pied central (14) du support de membrane (13).7. Metering head according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath-nozzle (17) has a disc (43) having an axial passage (45) and, around this axial passage, a truncated cone (46) capable to cooperate with the valve seat (16) of the central leg (14) of the membrane support (13). 8. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le disque (43) porte à sa partie inférieure un manchon (44) cylindrique coopérant avec la valve continue du récipient sous pression.8. Metering head according to claim 7, characterized in that the disc (43) carries at its lower part a cylindrical sleeve (44) cooperating with the continuous valve of the pressure vessel. 9. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le manchon cylindrique (44) est emmanché de façon étanche sur la tige creuse (5) d'une valve continue de type mâle.9. Metering head according to claim 8, characterized in that the cylindrical sleeve (44) is tightly fitted on the hollow rod (5) of a continuous male type valve. 10. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le manchon cylindrique (44) est en appui sur le corps (35) d'une valve continue de type femelle.10. Dosing head according to claim 8, characterized in that the cylindrical sleeve (44) is supported on the body (35) of a continuous female type valve. 11. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la gaîne-embout (17) présente une chambre centrale cylindrique (20) qui se prolonge vers le haut autour du pied central (14) , et porte une nervure annulaire (39) vers l'extérieur, destinée à s'encliqueter sur une nervure annulaire (40) portée par une jupe cylindrique (41) du support de membrane (13).11. Dosing head according to claim 7, characterized in that the sheath-nozzle (17) has a cylindrical central chamber (20) which extends upwards around the central foot (14), and carries an annular rib (39 ) outwards, intended to snap onto an annular rib (40) carried by a cylindrical skirt (41) of the membrane support (13). 12. Tête de dosage selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le pied central (14) est muni d'un joint (38), ou d'une lèvre, d'étanchéité, tenu, ou portée, par un épaulement (42).12. Metering head according to claim 7, characterized in that the central foot (14) is provided with a seal (38), or with a lip, sealing, held, or carried, by a shoulder (42 ).
EP88400494A 1987-03-25 1988-03-02 Metering head for pressurized containers with continuous valve Expired - Lifetime EP0285472B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400494T ATE70020T1 (en) 1987-03-25 1988-03-02 DISPENSING HEAD FOR PRESSURIZED CONTAINERS WITH CONTINUOUS VALVE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8704180 1987-03-25
FR8704180A FR2612889B1 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 DOSING HEAD FOR CONTINUOUS VALVE PRESSURE CONTAINERS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0285472A1 true EP0285472A1 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0285472B1 EP0285472B1 (en) 1991-12-04

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EP88400494A Expired - Lifetime EP0285472B1 (en) 1987-03-25 1988-03-02 Metering head for pressurized containers with continuous valve

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US (1) US4915262A (en)
EP (1) EP0285472B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63254299A (en)
AT (1) ATE70020T1 (en)
AU (1) AU595441B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1328646C (en)
DE (1) DE3866571D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2028312T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2612889B1 (en)

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FR2942213A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2010-08-20 Lindal France Sas Pressurized gas i.e. liquid nitrogen, dosing and distribution device i.e. diffuser, for pressurized gas bottle, has cap fixed in cup-shaped element such that cap seals outlet openings when cover is pressed into cup
FR2990421A1 (en) * 2012-05-10 2013-11-15 Valois Sas Dispensing valve for use on container of pharmaceutical fluid product dispensing device, has dosing chamber comprising deformable and/or displaceable element, so that volume of chamber is minimal and optimal in rest and dispensing positions

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FR2856992B1 (en) * 2003-07-04 2007-11-02 Valois Sas DEVICE FOR DISPENSING FLUID PRODUCT.
US20060111688A1 (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-25 Kraus Robert G Ventriculostomy reservoir
JP4870157B2 (en) * 2005-05-27 2012-02-08 ヨン−ス キム dispenser
CN100424404C (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-10-08 周飞 Refrigerant tank with volume below 1000ml
CN106730180A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-31 上海华瑞气雾剂有限公司 It is inverted quantitative foam aerosol valve
DE102017118704A1 (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-02-21 Gábor Fazekas Solid valves for pressure cans
PL239416B1 (en) * 2019-11-20 2021-11-29 Marcin Kadula Aerosol dispensing valve system and a container with an aerosol dispensing valve system

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FR1572637A (en) * 1966-05-24 1969-06-27
FR2046021A5 (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-03-05 Bret Pierre
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FR1228739A (en) * 1959-05-25 1960-09-02 Button metering valve device
FR1325336A (en) * 1961-06-08 1963-04-26 Seary Ltd Push-button measuring cap for use with pressurized containers
FR1572637A (en) * 1966-05-24 1969-06-27
FR2046021A5 (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-03-05 Bret Pierre
EP0125970A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-21 Societe De Promotion, Recherche Et Innovation Technologique Metering valve

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2942213A1 (en) * 2009-02-19 2010-08-20 Lindal France Sas Pressurized gas i.e. liquid nitrogen, dosing and distribution device i.e. diffuser, for pressurized gas bottle, has cap fixed in cup-shaped element such that cap seals outlet openings when cover is pressed into cup
FR2990421A1 (en) * 2012-05-10 2013-11-15 Valois Sas Dispensing valve for use on container of pharmaceutical fluid product dispensing device, has dosing chamber comprising deformable and/or displaceable element, so that volume of chamber is minimal and optimal in rest and dispensing positions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2612889B1 (en) 1989-07-21
AU1338988A (en) 1988-09-29
CA1328646C (en) 1994-04-19
ES2028312T3 (en) 1992-07-01
FR2612889A1 (en) 1988-09-30
AU595441B2 (en) 1990-03-29
EP0285472B1 (en) 1991-12-04
JPS63254299A (en) 1988-10-20
US4915262A (en) 1990-04-10
DE3866571D1 (en) 1992-01-16
ATE70020T1 (en) 1991-12-15

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