EP0283396A1 - Junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and application thereof - Google Patents

Junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and application thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0283396A1
EP0283396A1 EP88400604A EP88400604A EP0283396A1 EP 0283396 A1 EP0283396 A1 EP 0283396A1 EP 88400604 A EP88400604 A EP 88400604A EP 88400604 A EP88400604 A EP 88400604A EP 0283396 A1 EP0283396 A1 EP 0283396A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
triplate
central conductor
microstrip line
microstrip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88400604A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Naudin
Yves Espinasse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0283396A1 publication Critical patent/EP0283396A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and its application in particular: - the electrical connection of two superimposed triplate lines; - the electrical connection of two perpendicular triplate lines; - the production of an energy distributor essentially comprising three-plate lines; - the production of an energy distributor comprising triplate lines and a microstrip line; - the creation of an electronic scanning antenna in the site plan; - the electrical connection of microstrip radiating elements to a triplate line.
  • Fiberd radars intended to remain on the ground may include bulky and heavy antennas.
  • the prior art includes such electrical connections.
  • the junction of two superposed triplate lines is made, according to the prior art, using a conductive wire located inside said triplate lines: this conductive wire electrically connects the central conductors of each of the two triplate lines, in particular crossing the ground plane common to the two triplate lines and located between said central conductors; electrical insulation means are provided between this conductive wire and the ground plane through which it passes.
  • a junction of this type has many drawbacks: - It requires intervention inside the triplate lines, which makes it complicated, therefore expensive; - It has significant losses, due to the radiation of said conductive wire; - It is bulky and heavy, in particular because of the shielding which it is necessary to provide to stop the radiation described in the preceding paragraph.
  • the object of the present invention is a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line.
  • the central conductor of the triplate line has a protrusion outside of this triplate line; this protrusion crosses the ground plane and the dielectric of the microstrip line without electrical contact, then is electrically connected to the microstrip line conductor.
  • Such a junction has the following advantages: - it is performed outside the triplate line; - It has an "intrinsic" mechanical strength thanks to the crossing of the ground plane and the dielectric of the microstrip line by the protuberance of the central conductor of the triplate line; - it is compact and light; - it has few losses thanks to a good impedance matching; - it radiates little: shielding stopping the radiation from this junction is not essential; - its principle is simple, it is therefore inexpensive.
  • the invention more specifically relates to a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line, the triplate line comprising a conductive strip, called the central conductor, and two conductive planes, called ground planes, the central conductor being kept at substantially constant distance from each of the two ground planes, the central conductor being separated from each of the two ground planes by a dielectric, the microstrip line comprising a metallic strip, called the conductor, and a metal plate, called the ground plane, substantially parallel to the conductor, and separated from the conductor by a dielectric, said junction being characterized in that the central conductor of the three-ply line has a protrusion outside this three-ply line, this protrusion being electrically connected to the conductor of the microstrip line, after crossing the ground plane and of the dielectric of the microstrip line, electrical insulation means being provided between the conductor central ur of the triplate line and the ground plane of the microstrip line.
  • FIG. 1 represents a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a triplate line, composed of a conductive strip 1, kept at a substantially constant distance from two conducting planes 2 and 3 which behave like short circuits; the conductive strip 1, also called the central conductor of the three-ply line, is separated from each of the two planes 2 and 3, also called the ground planes of the three-ply line, by a dielectric 4.
  • the orientation of a three-ply line is identified in the following by its longitudinal axis, its transverse axis along its thickness, and its transverse axis along its width, respectively noted tL, tTE and tTL.
  • FIG. 2 represents a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a microstrip line, composed of a metallic strip 5, also called conductor of the microstrip line, and of a metallic plate 6, behaving like a short circuit , also called ground plane of the microstrip line, the conductor 5 and the ground plane 6 of this microstrip line being substantially parallel and separated by a dielectric 7.
  • the orientation of a microstrip line m is identified in the following by its longitudinal axis, its transverse axis along its thickness, and its transverse axis along its width, respectively denoted mL, mTE, mTL.
  • FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of a first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, these two microwave line elements being represented before their assembly.
  • This assembly is carried out along an axis D parallel to the axis tL of the triplate line, and to the axis mTE of the microstrip line.
  • Dielectric 4 of the three-ply line is not shown.
  • the central conductor 1 of the three-ply line has a protrusion 8 outside the three-ply line. The width a of this protuberance 8 is smaller than that A of the same central conductor 1 located inside said three-ply line.
  • a particular embodiment of this variation in width is obtained by cutting, for example in a bevel 9, which makes it possible to ensure a progressive variation in the width of said central conductor 1.
  • the protuberance 8 of said central conductor 1 is intended to pass through the ground plane 6 and the dielectric 7 of the microstrip line, then to be mechanically fixed on the one hand, and electrically connected on the other hand, to the conductor 5 of this microstrip line.
  • This mechanical strength and this electrical connection are made, for example, by means of a weld. This welding is done, for example, by wave by tinning.
  • the electrical insulation between the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line and the protuberance 8 of the central conductor 1 of the three-ply line is provided for example by means of: - a savings 10, for example circular, made in the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line; - the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the three-ply line, produced for example by cutting, for example bevel 9.
  • One end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line is connected to the rest of the electrical circuit.
  • the other end has a non-zero and finite length, noted b.
  • Figure 4 shows the same elements as those of Figure 3, no longer seen in perspective but seen from above. We see in particular the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line.
  • FIG. 5 represents the same elements as those of FIG. 4 and those of FIG. 3, no longer seen in perspective or seen from above, but seen in profile. We see in particular the length b of the end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line not connected to the rest of the electrical circuit.
  • FIG. 6 represents, in an embodiment, a microstrip line intended to be connected according to the invention to a triplate line.
  • This microstrip line is a view from the side of its ground plane 6. In this figure, is shown, in particular, the savings 10 practiced in this ground plane 6.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show, respectively in top view, and in profile view, the first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, after the assembly of these two elements of microwave line.
  • the weld which was discussed above, is drawn and numbered 11 in these two figures 7 and 8.
  • the junction which is the subject of the present invention, illustrated by FIGS. 3 to 8, is produced without any intervention inside the triplate line, and has an "intrinsic" mechanical strength, thanks to the crossing of the ground plane 6 and of the dielectric 7 of the microstrip line by the projection 8 of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line; this allows it to be light and compact. Its principle is moreover, extremely simple, its realization is consequently inexpensive.
  • This junction can be used in the frequency band called L, corresponding to 1 GHz, and in the frequency band called S corresponding to 4 or 5 GHz.
  • this junction has little energy loss, whether it be radiation losses, or else losses due to poor impedance matching, i.e. at a wave rate. stationary (noted TOS) high.
  • Such a junction can be optimized by adjusting three parameters which are: - the length b, defined above, of the end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line; - the shape and size of the savings 10, practiced in the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line; - The embodiment of the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line, namely, for example the shape of the bevel 9 and its position relative to the edge of the triplate line.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show different embodiments of a triplate line, seen from above, intended to be connected according to the invention to a microstrip line. These two figures illustrate in particular two different positions of said bevel 9 relative to said edge of the triplate line.
  • the end of the bevel 9 is located inside the triplate line, and in FIG. 9b, the end of the bevel 9 is situated exactly at the edge of the triplate line.
  • the three parameters listed above are determined based on experimental measurements, in particular the TOS.
  • the three ground planes of the junction namely the two ground planes 2 and 3 of the triplate line and the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line, are in electrical contact with each other at the junction.
  • Such a junction optimized by the judicious choice of the three parameters mentioned above, radiates sufficiently little, so that shielding is not essential.
  • FIG. 10 corresponding to a second embodiment of a junction according to the invention, is the analog of FIG. 3, after a rotation of 90 ° of one of the microwave line elements with respect to the other .
  • the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line is preferably wider in FIG. 10 than in FIG. 3, this in order to ensure electrical contact between this ground plane 6 of the microstrip line and the two ground planes 2 and 3 of the triplate line, this electrical contact optimizing the performance of the junction, as has been explained previously.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of two triplate lines 30 and 31 superimposed and oriented in an identical manner, by means of a microstrip line 32.
  • the triplate line 30 is electrically connected, by means of a junction 12, according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated by FIG. 3, to the microstrip line 32, itself electrically connected, by means of a junction 13, in the same mode for carrying out the invention, on the triple line 31.
  • FIG. 12 represents a mode of application of a junction according to the invention to the electrical connection of two triplate lines 33 and 34 perpendicular, and oriented so that their axes tTL (transverse along their width) are parallel.
  • the three-ply line 34 is electrically connected, by means of a junction 15, according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated by FIG. 10, to the microstrip line 35, itself electrically connected, by means of a junction 14 , according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3, at the three-ply line 33.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 the various elements of the microstrip lines and of the triplate lines are not shown.
  • FIG. 13 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the production of a candlestick energy distributor essentially comprising triplate lines.
  • the first branch of the candlestick consists of a triplate line 16; this single branch is divided for example into ten at the level of ten electrical connections 17-1, ..., 17-i, ..., 17-10, corresponding to the configuration illustrated by FIG.
  • each triplate line 18-i is part of a set i of two superposed triplate lines, denoted 18-i and 20-i; several, for example eight, electrical connections 19-i-1, ..., 19-ij, ..., 19-i-8, corresponding to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 11 connect the ends of the central conductor of the line triplate 18-i at other ends of the central conductor of the triplate line 20-i.
  • FIG. 14 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the production of a candlestick energy distributor comprising triplate lines and a microstrip line, in addition to the microstrip lines forming part of junctions according to the invention.
  • the first branch of the candlestick consists of a microstrip line 21, pressed against the slices of several, for example ten triplate lines 18-i and of several, for example ten triplate lines 20-i; this single branch is divided for example into ten at the level of ten junctions 22-1, ..., 22-i, ..., 22-10, according to the invention, corresponding to the configuration illustrated in FIG.
  • phase-shifters are introduced at the level of the ten electrical connections 17-i, that is to say between the vertical energy distribution and the horizontal energy distribution.
  • An antenna with electronic scanning in the site plane, the rotation in the plane of bearing taking place mechanically, can also be carried out from a candlestick energy distributor such as that described by FIG. 14, the phase shifters are then introduced at the level of the ten junctions 22-i.
  • FIG. 16 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of radiating microstrip elements, the diagram of which is given in FIG. 15, to a three-plate line 26, forming, for example, of a candlestick energy distributor such as that illustrated in FIG. 13, or else that illustrated in FIG. 14.
  • a microstrip radiating element as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 15, consists of a metal surface 23, called the pattern of the microstrip radiating element, and of a metal plate 24 substantially parallel to the pattern 23, behaving as a short circuit and called the ground plane of the microstrip radiating element, the pattern 23 and the ground plane 24 being separated by a dielectric 25.
  • the pattern 23 can, in principle, have any shape; nevertheless, in practice, it has a simple geometric shape: it forms for example, an equilateral triangle, a hexagon, a square, ...
  • Such radiating elements microstrips are part of the state of the art and are described, for example , in the book "Microstrip Antennas" by IS Bahl and P. Bhartia.
  • the microstrip radiating elements shown in FIG. 16 include patterns 23, for example triangular, deposited on a common dielectric 25 separating them from a common ground plane 24. Each pattern 23 is electrically connected to one end of the central conductor of a triplate line 26, by means of a junction according to the invention. In this figure 16, the different elements of the three-ply line 26 are not shown.

Landscapes

  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)

Abstract

The central conductor (1) of the triplate line has a bevelled projection (8) standing out from this triplate line. This projection (8) crosses the earth plane (6) and the dielectric (7) of the microstrip line, then is electrically connected, by soldering, to the conductor (5) of the microstrip line. Electrical insulation is produced between the central conductor (1) and the earth plane (6) by means of a land gap (10), for example circular, allowed for in the earth plane (6). Various applications of this junction. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne une jonction entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban et son application notamment :
- à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques superposées ;
- à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques perpendiculaires ;
- à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie comportant essentiellement des lignes triplaques ;
- à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie comportant des lignes triplaques et une ligne microruban ;
- à la réalisation d'une antenne à balayage électronique dans le plan de site ;
- à la connexion électrique d'éléments rayonnants microrubans à une ligne triplaque.The invention relates to a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and its application in particular:
- the electrical connection of two superimposed triplate lines;
- the electrical connection of two perpendicular triplate lines;
- the production of an energy distributor essentially comprising three-plate lines;
- the production of an energy distributor comprising triplate lines and a microstrip line;
- the creation of an electronic scanning antenna in the site plan;
- the electrical connection of microstrip radiating elements to a triplate line.

Des radars "fixes", destinés à rester au sol peuvent comporter des antennes volumineuses et lourdes. Des radars "embarqués", placés sur des véhicules terrestres ou non doivent au contraire comporter des antennes les plus petites et les plus légères possibles, sans pour autant que leurs performances ne soient détériorées. Ces critères de taille et de poids d'antennes faisant partie de radars embarqués sont d'autant plus importants que de telles antennes sont aéroportées."Fixed" radars intended to remain on the ground may include bulky and heavy antennas. On-board radars, placed on land vehicles or not, must on the contrary have the smallest and lightest antennas possible, without their performance being deteriorated. These criteria of size and weight of antennas forming part of on-board radars are all the more important as such antennas are airborne.

Il est donc indispensable de disposer d'une technologie de fabrication d'antennes utilisant des éléments petits et légers. En particulier, il est intéressant d'utiliser comme lignes hyperfréquences, des lignes triplaques et des lignes microrubans, les secondes étant les plus légères et les plus compactes, mais présentant plus de pertes que les premières. On peut être amené à réaliser la connexion électrique entre de tels éléments.It is therefore essential to have an antenna manufacturing technology using small and light elements. In particular, it is advantageous to use as microwave lines, triplate lines and microstrip lines, the latter being the lightest and most compact, but having more losses than the former. It may be necessary to make the electrical connection between such elements.

L'art antérieur comporte de telles connexions électriques. A titre d'exemple, la jonction de deux lignes triplaques superposées se fait, d'après l'art antérieur, à l'aide d'un fil conducteur situé à l'intérieur desdites lignes triplaques : ce fil conducteur connecte électriquement les conducteurs centraux de chacune des deux lignes triplaques, en traversant notamment le plan de masse commun aux deux lignes triplaques et situé entre lesdits conducteurs centraux ; des moyens d'isolation électrique sont prévus entre ce fil conducteur et le plan de masse qu'il traverse. Une jonction de ce type présente de nombreux inconvénients :
- elle nécessite une intervention à l'intérieur des lignes triplaques, ce qui la rend compliquée, donc coûteuse ;
- elle présente des pertes importantes, dues au rayonnement dudit fil conducteur ;
- elle est encombrante et lourde, en particulier à cause du blindage qu'il est nécessaire de prévoir pour arrêter le rayonnement décrit dans l'alinéa précédent.The prior art includes such electrical connections. By way of example, the junction of two superposed triplate lines is made, according to the prior art, using a conductive wire located inside said triplate lines: this conductive wire electrically connects the central conductors of each of the two triplate lines, in particular crossing the ground plane common to the two triplate lines and located between said central conductors; electrical insulation means are provided between this conductive wire and the ground plane through which it passes. A junction of this type has many drawbacks:
- It requires intervention inside the triplate lines, which makes it complicated, therefore expensive;
- It has significant losses, due to the radiation of said conductive wire;
- It is bulky and heavy, in particular because of the shielding which it is necessary to provide to stop the radiation described in the preceding paragraph.

L'objet de la présente invention est une jonction entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban. Le conducteur central de la ligne triplaque présente une excroissance hors de cette ligne triplaque ; cette excroissance traverse sans contact électrique le plan de masse et le diélectrique de la ligne microruban, puis est connecté électriquement au conducteur de ligne microruban. Une telle jonction présente les avantages suivants :
- elle est réalisée hors de la ligne triplaque ;
- elle a une tenue mécanique "intrinsèque" grâce à la traversée du plan de masse et du diélectrique de la ligne microruban par l'excroissance du conducteur central de la ligne triplaque ;
- elle est compacte et légère ;
- elle présente peu de pertes grâce à une bonne adaptation d'impédance ;
- elle rayonne peu : un blindage arrêtant le rayonnement de cette jonction n'est pas indispensable ;
- son principe est simple, elle est donc peu coûteuse.The object of the present invention is a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line. The central conductor of the triplate line has a protrusion outside of this triplate line; this protrusion crosses the ground plane and the dielectric of the microstrip line without electrical contact, then is electrically connected to the microstrip line conductor. Such a junction has the following advantages:
- it is performed outside the triplate line;
- It has an "intrinsic" mechanical strength thanks to the crossing of the ground plane and the dielectric of the microstrip line by the protuberance of the central conductor of the triplate line;
- it is compact and light;
- it has few losses thanks to a good impedance matching;
- it radiates little: shielding stopping the radiation from this junction is not essential;
- its principle is simple, it is therefore inexpensive.

L'invention a plus précisément pour objet une jonction entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, la ligne triplaque comportant une bande conductrice, dite conducteur central, et deux plans conducteurs, dits plans de masse, le conducteur central étant maintenu à distance sensiblement constante de chacun des deux plans de masse, le conducteur central étant séparé de chacun des deux plans de masse par un diélectrique, la ligne microruban comportant un ruban métallique, dit conducteur, et une plaque métallique, dite plan de masse, sensiblement parallèle au conducteur, et séparée du conducteur par un diélectrique, ladite jonction étant caractérisée en ce que le conducteur central de la ligne triplaque comporte une excroissance hors de cette ligne triplaque, cette excroissance étant connectée électriquement au conducteur de la ligne microruban, après traversée du plan de masse et du diélectrique de la ligne microruban, des moyens d'isolation électrique étant prévus entre le conducteur central de la ligne triplaque et le plan de masse de la ligne microruban.The invention more specifically relates to a junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line, the triplate line comprising a conductive strip, called the central conductor, and two conductive planes, called ground planes, the central conductor being kept at substantially constant distance from each of the two ground planes, the central conductor being separated from each of the two ground planes by a dielectric, the microstrip line comprising a metallic strip, called the conductor, and a metal plate, called the ground plane, substantially parallel to the conductor, and separated from the conductor by a dielectric, said junction being characterized in that the central conductor of the three-ply line has a protrusion outside this three-ply line, this protrusion being electrically connected to the conductor of the microstrip line, after crossing the ground plane and of the dielectric of the microstrip line, electrical insulation means being provided between the conductor central ur of the triplate line and the ground plane of the microstrip line.

Des précisions, des particularités, et diverses applications de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui suit, à l'aide des figures qui représentent :

  • - la figure 1, une coupe transversale d'une ligne triplaque ;
  • - la figure 2, une coupe transversale d'une ligne microruban ;
  • - la figure 3, une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, avant l'assemblage de ces deux éléments de ligne hyperfréquence ;
  • - la figure 4, une vue de dessus de la figure précédente ;
  • - la figure 5, une vue de profil de la figure 3 ;
  • - la figure 6, un mode de réalisation d'une ligne microruban destinée à être connectée selon l'invention à une ligne triplaque, cette ligne microruban étant vue du côté de son plan de masse, à l'intérieur duquel est pratiquée une épargne circulaire ;
  • - la figure 7, une vue de dessus du premier mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, après l'assemblage de ces deux éléments de ligne hyperfréquence ;
  • - la figure 8, une vue de profil de la figure précédente ;
  • - les figures 9a et 9b, différents modes de réalisation d'une ligne triplaque destinée à être connectée selon l'invention à une ligne microruban ;
  • - la figure 10, une vue en perspective d'un second mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention, entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, avant l'assemblage de ces deux éléments de ligne hyperfréquence ; ;
  • - la figure 11, un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques superposées ;
  • - la figure 12, un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques perpendiculaires ;
  • - la figure 13, un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie comportant essentiellement des lignes triplaques ;
  • - la figure 14, un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie comportant des lignes triplaques et une ligne microruban ;
  • - la figure 15, un schéma de principe d'un élément rayonnant microruban ;
  • - la figure 16, un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la connexion électrique d'éléments rayonnants microrubans à une ligne triplaque.
Details, particularities, and various applications of the invention will appear during the description which follows, with the aid of the figures which represent:
  • - Figure 1, a cross section of a triplate line;
  • - Figure 2, a cross section of a microstrip line;
  • - Figure 3, a perspective view of a first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, before the assembly of these two microwave line elements;
  • - Figure 4, a top view of the previous figure;
  • - Figure 5, a side view of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 6, an embodiment of a microstrip line intended to be connected according to the invention to a triplate line, this microstrip line being viewed from the side of its ground plane, inside which is practiced a circular savings ;
  • - Figure 7, a top view of the first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, after the assembly of these two microwave line elements;
  • - Figure 8, a side view of the previous figure;
  • - Figures 9a and 9b, different embodiments of a triplate line intended to be connected according to the invention to a microstrip line;
  • - Figure 10, a perspective view of a second embodiment of a junction according to the invention, between a triplate line and a microstrip line, before the assembly of these two microwave line elements; ;
  • - Figure 11, a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of two superimposed triplate lines;
  • - Figure 12, a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of two perpendicular triplate lines;
  • - Figure 13, a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, in the production of an energy distributor essentially comprising three-plate lines;
  • - Figure 14, a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, in the production of an energy distributor comprising triplate lines and a microstrip line;
  • - Figure 15, a block diagram of a microstrip radiating element;
  • - Figure 16, a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of radiating microstrip elements to a triplate line.

Sur ces différentes figures d'une part l'échelle réelle n'a pas été respectée, et d'autre part les mêmes références se rapportent aux mêmes éléments.In these different figures, on the one hand, the real scale has not been respected, and on the other hand, the same references relate to the same elements.

La figure 1 représente une coupe transversale d'un exemple de réalisation d'une ligne triplaque, composée d'une bande conductrice 1, maintenue à distance sensiblement constante de deux plans conducteurs 2 et 3 qui se comportent comme des courts-circuits ; la bande conductrice 1, aussi appelée conducteur central de la ligne triplaque, est séparée de chacun des deux plans 2 et 3, aussi appelés plans de masse de la ligne triplaque, par un diélectrique 4. L'orientation d'une ligne triplaque t est repérée dans ce qui suit par son axe longitudinal, son axe transversal le long de son épaisseur, et son axe transversal le long de sa largeur, respectivement notés tL, tTE et tTL.FIG. 1 represents a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a triplate line, composed of a conductive strip 1, kept at a substantially constant distance from two conducting planes 2 and 3 which behave like short circuits; the conductive strip 1, also called the central conductor of the three-ply line, is separated from each of the two planes 2 and 3, also called the ground planes of the three-ply line, by a dielectric 4. The orientation of a three-ply line is identified in the following by its longitudinal axis, its transverse axis along its thickness, and its transverse axis along its width, respectively noted tL, tTE and tTL.

La figure 2 représente une coupe tranversale d'un exemple de réalisation d'une ligne microruban, composée d'un ruban métallique 5, aussi appelé conducteur de la ligne microruban, et d'une plaque métallique 6, se comportant comme un court-circuit, aussi appelé plan de masse de la ligne microruban, le conducteur 5 et le plan de masse 6 de cette ligne microruban étant sensiblement parallèles et séparés par un diélectrique 7. L'orientation d'une ligne microruban m est repérée dans ce qui suit par son axe longitudinal, son axe transversal le long de son épaisseur, et son axe transversal le long de sa largeur, respectivement notés mL, mTE, mTL.FIG. 2 represents a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a microstrip line, composed of a metallic strip 5, also called conductor of the microstrip line, and of a metallic plate 6, behaving like a short circuit , also called ground plane of the microstrip line, the conductor 5 and the ground plane 6 of this microstrip line being substantially parallel and separated by a dielectric 7. The orientation of a microstrip line m is identified in the following by its longitudinal axis, its transverse axis along its thickness, and its transverse axis along its width, respectively denoted mL, mTE, mTL.

La figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, ces deux éléments de ligne hyperfréquence étant représentés avant leur assemblage. Cet assemblage est effectué selon un axe D parallèle à l'axe tL de la ligne triplaque, et à l'axe mTE de la ligne microruban. Le diélectrique 4 de la ligne triplaque n'est pas représenté. Le conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque présente une excroissance 8 hors de la ligne triplaque. La largeur a de cette excroissance 8 est plus faible que celle A du même conducteur central 1 situé à l'intérieur de ladite ligne triplaque. Un mode particulier de réalisation de cette variation de largeur est obtenu grâce à une découpe par exemple en biseau 9, ce qui permet d'assurer une variation progressive de la largeur dudit conducteur central 1. L'excroissance 8 dudit conducteur central 1 est destinée à traverser le plan de masse 6 et le diélectrique 7 de la ligne microruban, puis à être fixée mécaniquement d'une part, et connectée électriquement d'autre part, au conducteur 5 de cette ligne microruban. Cette tenue mécanique et cette connexion électrique sont réalisées, par exemple, au moyen d'une soudure. Cette soudure est faite, par exemple, à la vague par étamage. L'isolation électrique entre le plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban et l'excroissance 8 du conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque, est assurée par exemple au moyen :
- d'une épargne 10, par exemple circulaire, pratiquée dans le plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban ;
- de la variation de largeur du conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque, réalisée par exemple grâce à la découpe par exemple en biseau 9 .FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of a first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, these two microwave line elements being represented before their assembly. This assembly is carried out along an axis D parallel to the axis tL of the triplate line, and to the axis mTE of the microstrip line. Dielectric 4 of the three-ply line is not shown. The central conductor 1 of the three-ply line has a protrusion 8 outside the three-ply line. The width a of this protuberance 8 is smaller than that A of the same central conductor 1 located inside said three-ply line. A particular embodiment of this variation in width is obtained by cutting, for example in a bevel 9, which makes it possible to ensure a progressive variation in the width of said central conductor 1. The protuberance 8 of said central conductor 1 is intended to pass through the ground plane 6 and the dielectric 7 of the microstrip line, then to be mechanically fixed on the one hand, and electrically connected on the other hand, to the conductor 5 of this microstrip line. This mechanical strength and this electrical connection are made, for example, by means of a weld. This welding is done, for example, by wave by tinning. The electrical insulation between the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line and the protuberance 8 of the central conductor 1 of the three-ply line, is provided for example by means of:
- a savings 10, for example circular, made in the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line;
- the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the three-ply line, produced for example by cutting, for example bevel 9.

Une des extrémités du conducteur 5 de la ligne microruban est connectée au reste du circuit électrique. L'autre extrémité possède une longueur non nulle et finie, notée b.One end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line is connected to the rest of the electrical circuit. The other end has a non-zero and finite length, noted b.

La figure 4 représente les mêmes éléments que ceux de la figure 3, non plus vus en perspective mais vus de dessus. On y voit notamment la variation de largeur du conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque.Figure 4 shows the same elements as those of Figure 3, no longer seen in perspective but seen from above. We see in particular the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line.

La figure 5 représente les mêmes éléments que ceux de la figure 4 et ceux de la figure 3, non plus vus en perspective ou vus de dessus, mais vus de profil. On y voit notamment la longueur b de l'extrémité du conducteur 5 de la ligne microruban non connectée au reste du circuit électrique.FIG. 5 represents the same elements as those of FIG. 4 and those of FIG. 3, no longer seen in perspective or seen from above, but seen in profile. We see in particular the length b of the end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line not connected to the rest of the electrical circuit.

La figure 6, représente en mode de réalisation d'une ligne microruban destinée à être connectée selon l'invention à une ligne triplaque. Cette ligne microruban est une vue du côté de son plan de masse 6. Sur cette figure, est représentée, en particulier, l'épargne 10 pratiquée dans ce plan de masse 6.FIG. 6 represents, in an embodiment, a microstrip line intended to be connected according to the invention to a triplate line. This microstrip line is a view from the side of its ground plane 6. In this figure, is shown, in particular, the savings 10 practiced in this ground plane 6.

Les figures 7 et 8 représentent, respectivement en vue de dessus, et en vue de profil, le premier mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, après l'assemblage de ces deux éléments de ligne hyperfréquence. La soudure, dont il a été question précédemment, est dessinée et numérotée 11 sur ces deux figures 7 et 8.Figures 7 and 8 show, respectively in top view, and in profile view, the first embodiment of a junction according to the invention between a triplate line and a microstrip line, after the assembly of these two elements of microwave line. The weld, which was discussed above, is drawn and numbered 11 in these two figures 7 and 8.

La jonction faisant l'objet de la présente invention, illustrée par les figures 3 à 8, est réalisée sans aucune intervention à l'intérieur de la ligne triplaque, et possède une tenue mécanique "intrinsèque", grâce à la traversée du plan de masse 6 et du diélectrique 7 de la ligne microruban par l'excroissance 8 du conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque ; ceci lui permet d'être légère et compacte. Son principe est en outre, extrêmement simple, sa réalisation est par conséquent peu coûteuse.The junction which is the subject of the present invention, illustrated by FIGS. 3 to 8, is produced without any intervention inside the triplate line, and has an "intrinsic" mechanical strength, thanks to the crossing of the ground plane 6 and of the dielectric 7 of the microstrip line by the projection 8 of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line; this allows it to be light and compact. Its principle is moreover, extremely simple, its realization is consequently inexpensive.

Cette jonction est utilisable dans la bande de fréquence dite L, correspondant à 1 GHz, et dans la bande de fréquence dite S correspondant à 4 ou 5 GHz.This junction can be used in the frequency band called L, corresponding to 1 GHz, and in the frequency band called S corresponding to 4 or 5 GHz.

En outre, cette jonction présente peu de pertes d'énergie, qu'il s'agisse de pertes par rayonnement, ou bien de pertes dues à une mauvaise adaptation d'impédance, c'est-à-dire à un taux d'onde stationnaire (noté TOS) élevé.In addition, this junction has little energy loss, whether it be radiation losses, or else losses due to poor impedance matching, i.e. at a wave rate. stationary (noted TOS) high.

Une telle jonction peut être optimisée en ajustant trois paramètres qui sont :
- la longueur b, définie précédemment, du bout du conducteur 5 de la ligne microruban ;
- la forme et la dimension de l'épargne 10, pratiquée dans le plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban ;
- le mode de réalisation de la variation de largeur du conducteur central 1 de la ligne triplaque, à savoir, par exemple la forme du biseau 9 et sa position par rapport au bord de la ligne triplaque.Such a junction can be optimized by adjusting three parameters which are:
- the length b, defined above, of the end of the conductor 5 of the microstrip line;
- the shape and size of the savings 10, practiced in the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line;
- The embodiment of the variation in width of the central conductor 1 of the triplate line, namely, for example the shape of the bevel 9 and its position relative to the edge of the triplate line.

Les figures 9a et 9b représentent différents modes de réalisation d'une ligne triplaque, vue de dessus, destinée à être connectée selon l'invention à une ligne microruban. Ces deux figures illustrent en particulier deux positions différentes dudit biseau 9 par rapport audit bord de la ligne triplaque. Sur la figure 9a, l'extrémité du biseau 9 est située à l'intérieur de la ligne triplaque, et sur la figure 9b, l'extrémité du biseau 9 est située exactement au bord de la ligne triplaque.FIGS. 9a and 9b show different embodiments of a triplate line, seen from above, intended to be connected according to the invention to a microstrip line. These two figures illustrate in particular two different positions of said bevel 9 relative to said edge of the triplate line. In FIG. 9a, the end of the bevel 9 is located inside the triplate line, and in FIG. 9b, the end of the bevel 9 is situated exactly at the edge of the triplate line.

La détermination des trois paramètres énumérés ci-dessus est effectuée en fonction de mesures expérimentales, en particulier du TOS.The three parameters listed above are determined based on experimental measurements, in particular the TOS.

En outre, d'après l'art antérieur, il est nécessaire que les trois plans de masse de la jonction, à savoir les deux plans de masse 2 et 3 de la ligne triplaque et le plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban, soient en contact électrique les uns avec les autres au niveau de la jonction.In addition, according to the prior art, it is necessary that the three ground planes of the junction, namely the two ground planes 2 and 3 of the triplate line and the ground plane 6 of the microstrip line, are in electrical contact with each other at the junction.

Une telle jonction, optimisée par le choix judicieux des trois paramètres cités précédemment, rayonne suffisamment peu, pour qu'un blindage ne soit pas indispensable.Such a junction, optimized by the judicious choice of the three parameters mentioned above, radiates sufficiently little, so that shielding is not essential.

La figure 10, correspondant à un second mode de réalisation d'une jonction selon l'invention, est l'analogue de la figure 3, après une rotation de 90° de l'un des éléments de ligne hyperfréquence par rapport à l'autre. Le plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban est de préférence plus large sur la figure 10 que sur la figure 3, ceci afin d'assurer un contact électrique entre ce plan de masse 6 de la ligne microruban et les deux plans de masse 2 et 3 de la ligne triplaque, ce contact électrique optimisant les performances de la jonction, comme cela a été expliqué précédemment.FIG. 10, corresponding to a second embodiment of a junction according to the invention, is the analog of FIG. 3, after a rotation of 90 ° of one of the microwave line elements with respect to the other . The ground plane 6 of the microstrip line is preferably wider in FIG. 10 than in FIG. 3, this in order to ensure electrical contact between this ground plane 6 of the microstrip line and the two ground planes 2 and 3 of the triplate line, this electrical contact optimizing the performance of the junction, as has been explained previously.

La figure 11 illustre un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques 30 et 31 superposées et orientées de façon identique, au moyen d'une ligne microruban 32. La ligne triplaque 30 est connectée électriquement, au moyen d'une jonction 12, selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré par la figure 3, à la ligne microruban 32, elle-même connectée électriquement, au moyen d'une jonction 13, selon le même mode de réalisation de l'invention, à la ligne triplaque 31.FIG. 11 illustrates a mode of application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of two triplate lines 30 and 31 superimposed and oriented in an identical manner, by means of a microstrip line 32. The triplate line 30 is electrically connected, by means of a junction 12, according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated by FIG. 3, to the microstrip line 32, itself electrically connected, by means of a junction 13, in the same mode for carrying out the invention, on the triple line 31.

La figure 12 représente un mode d'application d'une jonction selon l'invention à la connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques 33 et 34 perpendiculaires, et orientées de telle sorte que leurs axes tTL (transversaux le long de leur largeur) soient parallèles. La ligne triplaque 34 est connectée électriquement, au moyen d'une jonction 15, selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré par la figure 10, à la ligne microruban 35, elle-même connectée électriquement, au moyen d'une jonction 14, selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré par la figure 3, à la ligne triplaque 33.FIG. 12 represents a mode of application of a junction according to the invention to the electrical connection of two triplate lines 33 and 34 perpendicular, and oriented so that their axes tTL (transverse along their width) are parallel. The three-ply line 34 is electrically connected, by means of a junction 15, according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated by FIG. 10, to the microstrip line 35, itself electrically connected, by means of a junction 14 , according to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3, at the three-ply line 33.

Sur les figures 11 et 12, les différents éléments des lignes microrubans et des lignes triplaques ne sont pas représentés.In FIGS. 11 and 12, the various elements of the microstrip lines and of the triplate lines are not shown.

La figure 13 représente l'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier comportant essentiellement des lignes triplaques. La première branche du chandelier est constituée d'une ligne triplaque 16 ; cette branche unique se divise par exemple en dix au niveau de dix connexions électriques 17-1, ..., 17-i, ..., 17-10, correspondant à la configuration illustrée par la figure 12 ; ces dix connexions électriques 17-i relient la ligne triplaque 16 à dix lignes triplaques 18-1, ..., 18-i, ..., 18-10, sensiblement parallèles entre elles, et sensiblement perpendiculaires à la ligne triplaque 16 ; chaque ligne triplaque 18-i fait partie d'un jeu i de deux lignes triplaques superposées, notées 18-i et 20-i ; plusieurs, par exemple huit, connexions électriques 19-i-1, ..., 19-i-j, ..., 19-i-8, correspondant à la configuration illustrée par la figure 11 relient des extrémités du conducteur central de la ligne triplaque 18-i à d'autres extrémités du conducteur central de la ligne triplaque 20-i.FIG. 13 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the production of a candlestick energy distributor essentially comprising triplate lines. The first branch of the candlestick consists of a triplate line 16; this single branch is divided for example into ten at the level of ten electrical connections 17-1, ..., 17-i, ..., 17-10, corresponding to the configuration illustrated by FIG. 12; these ten electrical connections 17-i connect the triplate line 16 to ten triplate lines 18-1, ..., 18-i, ..., 18-10, substantially parallel to each other, and substantially perpendicular to the triplate line 16; each triplate line 18-i is part of a set i of two superposed triplate lines, denoted 18-i and 20-i; several, for example eight, electrical connections 19-i-1, ..., 19-ij, ..., 19-i-8, corresponding to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 11 connect the ends of the central conductor of the line triplate 18-i at other ends of the central conductor of the triplate line 20-i.

La figure 14 représente l'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la réalisation d'un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier comportant des lignes triplaques et une ligne microruban, outre les lignes microrubans faisant partie de jonctions selon l'invention. La première branche du chandelier est constituée d'une ligne microruban 21, plaquée contre les tranches de plusieurs, par exemple dix lignes triplaques 18-i et de plusieurs, par exemple dix lignes triplaques 20-i ; cette branche unique se divise par exemple en dix au niveau de dix jonctions 22-1, ..., 22-i, ..., 22-10, selon l'invention, correspondant à la configuration illustrée par la figure 3 ; ces dix jonctions 22-i connectent électriquement la ligne microruban 21 à dix lignes triplaques 18-1, ..., 18-i, ..., 18-10 identiques à celles de la figure 13 ; chaque ligne triplaque 18-i fait partie d'un jeu i de deux lignes triplaques superposées, notées 18-i et 20-i, comme sur la figure 13 ; la suite de la description de la figure 14 est la même que celle de la figure 13.FIG. 14 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the production of a candlestick energy distributor comprising triplate lines and a microstrip line, in addition to the microstrip lines forming part of junctions according to the invention. The first branch of the candlestick consists of a microstrip line 21, pressed against the slices of several, for example ten triplate lines 18-i and of several, for example ten triplate lines 20-i; this single branch is divided for example into ten at the level of ten junctions 22-1, ..., 22-i, ..., 22-10, according to the invention, corresponding to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3; these ten junctions 22-i electrically connect the microstrip line 21 to ten triplate lines 18-1, ..., 18-i, ..., 18-10 identical to those of FIG. 13; each triplate line 18-i is part of a set i of two superimposed triplate lines, denoted 18-i and 20-i, as in FIG. 13; the following description of FIG. 14 is the same as that of FIG. 13.

Il est possible de réaliser une antenne à balayage électronique dans le plan de site, la rotation dans le plan de gisement s'effectuant mécaniquement, cette antenne comportant un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier tel que celui décrit par la figure 13. Pour cela, on introduit des déphaseurs au niveau des dix connexions électriques 17-i, c'est-à-dire entre la répartition d'énergie verticale et la répartition d'énergie horizontale.It is possible to make an antenna with electronic scanning in the site plan, the rotation in the plane of bearing taking place mechanically, this antenna comprising a candlestick energy distributor such as that described in FIG. 13. For this, phase-shifters are introduced at the level of the ten electrical connections 17-i, that is to say between the vertical energy distribution and the horizontal energy distribution.

Une antenne à balayage électronique dans le plan de site, la rotation dans le plan de gisement s'effectuant mécaniquement, peut aussi être réalisée à partir d'un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier tel que celui décrit par la figure 14, les déphaseurs sont alors introduits au niveau des dix jonctions 22-i.An antenna with electronic scanning in the site plane, the rotation in the plane of bearing taking place mechanically, can also be carried out from a candlestick energy distributor such as that described by FIG. 14, the phase shifters are then introduced at the level of the ten junctions 22-i.

La figure 16 représente l'application d'une jonction selon l'invention, à la connexion électrique d'éléments rayonnants microrubans, dont le schéma est donné par la figure 15, à une ligne triplaque 26, faisant partie, par exemple, d'un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier tel que celui illustré par la figure 13, ou bien celui illustré par la figure 14.FIG. 16 represents the application of a junction according to the invention, to the electrical connection of radiating microstrip elements, the diagram of which is given in FIG. 15, to a three-plate line 26, forming, for example, of a candlestick energy distributor such as that illustrated in FIG. 13, or else that illustrated in FIG. 14.

Un élément rayonnant microruban, tel que schématisé sur la figure 15, est constitué d'une surface métallique 23, appelée motif de l'élément rayonnant microruban, et d'une plaque métallique 24 sensiblement parallèle au motif 23, se comportant comme un court-circuit et appelée plan de masse de l'élément rayonnant microruban, le motif 23 et le plan de masse 24 étant séparés par un diélectrique 25. Le motif 23 peut, en principe, avoir n'importe quelle forme ; néanmoins, en pratique, il possède une forme géométrique simple : il forme par exemple, un triangle équilatéral, un hexagone, un carré, ... De tels éléments rayonnants microrubans font partie de l'état de la technique et sont décrits, par exemple, dans le livre "Microstrip Antennas" de I.S. Bahl et P. Bhartia. Les éléments rayonnants microrubans représentés sur la figure 16 comportent des motifs 23, par exemple triangulaires, déposés sur un diélectrique 25 commun les séparant d'un plan de masse 24 commun. Chaque motif 23 est connecté électriquement à une extrémité du conducteur central d'une ligne triplaque 26, au moyen d'une jonction selon l'invention. Sur cette figure 16, les différents éléments de la ligne triplaque 26 ne sont pas représentés.A microstrip radiating element, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 15, consists of a metal surface 23, called the pattern of the microstrip radiating element, and of a metal plate 24 substantially parallel to the pattern 23, behaving as a short circuit and called the ground plane of the microstrip radiating element, the pattern 23 and the ground plane 24 being separated by a dielectric 25. The pattern 23 can, in principle, have any shape; nevertheless, in practice, it has a simple geometric shape: it forms for example, an equilateral triangle, a hexagon, a square, ... Such radiating elements microstrips are part of the state of the art and are described, for example , in the book "Microstrip Antennas" by IS Bahl and P. Bhartia. The microstrip radiating elements shown in FIG. 16 include patterns 23, for example triangular, deposited on a common dielectric 25 separating them from a common ground plane 24. Each pattern 23 is electrically connected to one end of the central conductor of a triplate line 26, by means of a junction according to the invention. In this figure 16, the different elements of the three-ply line 26 are not shown.

Claims (11)

1. Jonction entre une ligne triplaque et une ligne microruban, la ligne triplaque comportant une bande conductrice (1), dite conducteur central, et deux plans conducteurs (2, 3), dits plans de masse, le conducteur central (1) étant maintenu à distance sensiblement constante de chacun des deux plans de masse (2, 3), le conducteur central (1) étant séparé de chacun des deux plans de masse (2, 3) par un diélectrique (4), la ligne microruban comportant un ruban métallique (5), dit conducteur, et une plaque métallique (6), dite plan de masse, sensiblement parallèle au conducteur, et séparée du conducteur (5) par un diélectrique (7), ladite jonction étant caractérisée en ce que le conducteur central (1) de la ligne triplaque comporte une excroissance (8) hors de cette ligne triplaque, cette excroissance (8) étant connectée électriquement au conducteur (5) de la ligne microruban, après traversée du plan de masse (6) et du diélectrique (7) de la ligne microruban, des moyens d'isolation électrique étant prévus entre le conducteur central (1) de la ligne triplaque et le plan de masse (6) de la ligne microruban.1. Junction between a three-ply line and a microstrip line, the three-ply line comprising a conductive strip (1), called the central conductor, and two conductive planes (2, 3), called ground planes, the central conductor (1) being maintained at a substantially constant distance from each of the two ground planes (2, 3), the central conductor (1) being separated from each of the two ground planes (2, 3) by a dielectric (4), the microstrip line comprising a ribbon metallic (5), said conductor, and a metallic plate (6), said ground plane, substantially parallel to the conductor, and separated from the conductor (5) by a dielectric (7), said junction being characterized in that the central conductor (1) of the triplate line has a protrusion (8) outside of this triplate line, this protrusion (8) being electrically connected to the conductor (5) of the microstrip line, after crossing the ground plane (6) and the dielectric ( 7) microstrip line, electrical insulation means that being provided between the central conductor (1) of the triplate line and the ground plane (6) of the microstrip line. 2. Jonction selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'excroissance (8) du conducteur central (1) de la ligne triplaque possède une largeur (a) plus faible que celle (A) du même conducteur central (1) situé à l'intérieur de ladite ligne triplaque, une découpe en biseau (9) assurant cette variation de largeur de façon progressive.2. Junction according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection (8) of the central conductor (1) of the three-ply line has a width (a) smaller than that (A) of the same central conductor (1) located at inside said triplate line, a bevel cut (9) ensuring this variation in width progressively. 3. Jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'isolation prévus entre le conducteur central (1) de la ligne triplaque et le plan de masse (6) de la ligne microruban comportent :
- une épargne (10) pratiquée dans ledit plan de masse (6) ;
- une découpe en biseau (9) dudit conducteur central (1).3. Junction according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the isolation means provided between the central conductor (1) of the triplate line and the ground plane (6) of the microstrip line comprise:
- a savings (10) practiced in said ground plane (6);
- a bevel cut (9) of said central conductor (1). 4. Jonction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la connexion électrique entre le conducteur (5) de la ligne microruban et l'excroissance (8) du conducteur central (1) de la ligne triplaque est assurée au moyen d'une soudure (11).4. Junction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical connection between the conductor (5) of the microstrip line and the projection (8) of the central conductor (1) of the three-ply line is ensured by means of 'a weld (11). 5. Connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques superposées, caractérisée en ce que les deux lignes triplaques sont respectivement connectées électriquement au moyen de deux jonctions (12) et (13) selon l'une des revendications précédentes à une ligne microruban unique.5. Electrical connection of two superimposed triplate lines, characterized in that the two triplate lines are respectively electrically connected by means of two junctions (12) and (13) according to one of the preceding claims to a single microstrip line. 6. Connexion électrique de deux lignes triplaques perpendiculaires, caractérisée en ce que les deux lignes triplaques sont respectivement connectées électriquement au moyen de deux jonctions (14) et (15) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 à une ligne microruban unique.6. Electrical connection of two perpendicular triplate lines, characterized in that the two triplate lines are respectively electrically connected by means of two junctions (14) and (15) according to one of claims 1 to 4 to a single microstrip line. 7. Distributeur d'énergie en chandelier, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :
- une ligne triplaque (16), constituant la première branche du chandelier ;
- une pluralité de jeux (i) de deux lignes triplaques superposées (18-i) et (20-i), sensiblement perpendiculaires à la ligne triplaque (16) ;
- une pluralité de connexions électriques (17-i) selon la revendication 6, chacune de ces connexions reliant ladite ligne triplaque (16) à une ligne triplaque (18-i) ;
- une pluralité de connexions électriques (19-i-j) selon la revendication 5 reliant des extrémités du conducteur central d'une ligne triplaque (18-i) à des extrémités du conducteur central de la ligne triplaque (20-i), appartenant au même jeu (i) de deux lignes triplaques superposées.7. Candlestick energy distributor, characterized in that it comprises:
- a triplate line (16), constituting the first branch of the candlestick;
- A plurality of sets (i) of two superimposed triplate lines (18-i) and (20-i), substantially perpendicular to the triplate line (16);
- a plurality of electrical connections (17-i) according to claim 6, each of these connections connecting said triplate line (16) to a triplate line (18-i);
- a plurality of electrical connections (19-ij) according to claim 5 connecting ends of the central conductor of a three-ply line (18-i) to ends of the central conductor of the three-ply line (20-i), belonging to the same set (i) of two overlapping triplate lines. 8. Distributeur d'énergie en chandelier, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :
- une ligne microruban (21), constituant la première branche du chandelier ;
- une pluralité de jeux (i) de deux lignes triplaques superposées (18-i) et (20-i), sensiblement perpendiculaires à la ligne microruban (21) ;
- une pluralité de jonctions (22-i) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, chacune de ces jonctions reliant ladite ligne microruban (21) à une ligne triplaque (18-i) ;
- une pluralité de connexions électriques (19-i-j) selon la revendication 5 reliant des extrémités du conducteur central d'une ligne triplaque (18-i) à des extrémités du conducteur central de la ligne triplaque (20-i), appartenant au même jeu (i) de deux lignes triplaques superposées.8. Candlestick energy distributor, characterized in that it comprises:
- a microstrip line (21), constituting the first branch of the candlestick;
- A plurality of sets (i) of two superimposed triplate lines (18-i) and (20-i), substantially perpendicular to the microstrip line (21);
- a plurality of junctions (22-i) according to one of claims 1 to 4, each of these junctions connecting said microstrip line (21) to a triplate line (18-i);
- a plurality of electrical connections (19-ij) according to claim 5 connecting ends of the central conductor of a three-ply line (18-i) to ends of the central conductor of the three-ply line (20-i), belonging to the same set (i) of two overlapping triplate lines. 9. Antenne à balayage électronique dans un plan prédé- terminé, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte :
- un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier selon la revendication 7 ;
- des déphaseurs situés au niveau des dix connexions électriques (17-i).9. Antenna with electronic scanning in a predetermined plane, characterized in that it comprises:
- a candlestick energy distributor according to claim 7;
- phase shifters located at the level of the ten electrical connections (17-i). 10. Antenne à balayage électronique dans un plan prédé- terminé, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte :
- un distributeur d'énergie en chandelier selon la revendication 8 ;
- des déphaseurs situés au niveau des dix jonctions (22-i).10. Antenna with electronic scanning in a predetermined plane, characterized in that it comprises:
- a candlestick energy distributor according to claim 8;
- phase shifters located at the level of the ten junctions (22-i). 11. Connexion électrique d'éléments rayonnants microrubans (23) à une ligne triplaque (26), caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée au moyen de jonctions selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.11. Electrical connection of radiating microstrip elements (23) to a three-plate line (26), characterized in that it is produced by means of junctions according to one of claims 1 to 4.
EP88400604A 1987-03-20 1988-03-15 Junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and application thereof Withdrawn EP0283396A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703917 1987-03-20
FR8703917A FR2612697B1 (en) 1987-03-20 1987-03-20 JUNCTION BETWEEN A PLAQUE LINE AND A MICRO-TAPE LINE AND APPLICATIONS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0283396A1 true EP0283396A1 (en) 1988-09-21

Family

ID=9349258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400604A Withdrawn EP0283396A1 (en) 1987-03-20 1988-03-15 Junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and application thereof

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0283396A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63254802A (en)
FR (1) FR2612697B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992012547A1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-23 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Microwave connector
EP0551556A1 (en) * 1992-01-15 1993-07-21 Communications Satellite Corporation Low loss, broadband stripline-to-microstrip transition
US7486234B2 (en) 2003-03-06 2009-02-03 Qinetiq Limited Microwave connector, antenna and method of manufacture of same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2816253A (en) * 1953-12-23 1957-12-10 Sanders Associates Inc Electronic module structure
US2825875A (en) * 1953-07-22 1958-03-04 Itt Radio frequency transducer
US3218585A (en) * 1964-03-10 1965-11-16 Charles B May Stripline board connector
US3303439A (en) * 1965-06-14 1967-02-07 Western Electric Co Strip transmission line interboard connection
EP0198698A2 (en) * 1985-04-13 1986-10-22 Fujitsu Limited Integrated circuit device having strip line structure therein

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825875A (en) * 1953-07-22 1958-03-04 Itt Radio frequency transducer
US2816253A (en) * 1953-12-23 1957-12-10 Sanders Associates Inc Electronic module structure
US3218585A (en) * 1964-03-10 1965-11-16 Charles B May Stripline board connector
US3303439A (en) * 1965-06-14 1967-02-07 Western Electric Co Strip transmission line interboard connection
EP0198698A2 (en) * 1985-04-13 1986-10-22 Fujitsu Limited Integrated circuit device having strip line structure therein

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IRE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, vol. MTT-9, no. 3, mai 1961, pages 273-274, New York, US; R. LEVY: "New coaxial-to-stripline transformers using rectangular lines" *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992012547A1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-23 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Microwave connector
US5369380A (en) * 1991-01-04 1994-11-29 The Secretary Of State Of Defence In Her Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Of Defence Research Agency Microwave connector
EP0551556A1 (en) * 1992-01-15 1993-07-21 Communications Satellite Corporation Low loss, broadband stripline-to-microstrip transition
US7486234B2 (en) 2003-03-06 2009-02-03 Qinetiq Limited Microwave connector, antenna and method of manufacture of same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63254802A (en) 1988-10-21
FR2612697B1 (en) 1989-06-16
FR2612697A1 (en) 1988-09-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0205212B1 (en) Modular microwave antenna units and antenna composed of such units
EP1407512B1 (en) Antenna
CA1291560C (en) Helicoidal antenna and method for fabricating said antenna
EP0108463B1 (en) Radiating element for cross-polarized microwave signals and planar antenna consisting of an array of such elements
EP1038333B1 (en) Patch antenna
EP0243289A1 (en) Plate antenna with two crossed polarizations
FR2583226A1 (en) OMNIDIRECTIONAL CYLINDRICAL ANTENNA
FR2556510A1 (en) PLANE PERIODIC ANTENNA
EP0667984B1 (en) Monopolar wire-plate antenna
FR2552938A1 (en) RADIANT DEVICE WITH IMPROVED MICRO-TAPE STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION TO AN ADAPTIVE ANTENNA
FR2582865A1 (en) UNITARY MODULES OF MICROWAVE ANTENNA AND MICROWAVE ANTENNA COMPRISING SUCH MODULES
EP1042845B1 (en) Antenna
EP0082751A1 (en) Microwave radiator and its use in an electronically scanned antenna
CA2640481A1 (en) Circularly or linearly polarized antenna
CA2489776C (en) Circularly polarized wire antenna
EP0283396A1 (en) Junction between a triplate line and a microstrip line and application thereof
FR2794290A1 (en) VERTICAL POLARIZATION ANTENNA
EP0484241B1 (en) Printed circuit antenna for a dual polarized antenna array
EP0296929B1 (en) Balanced microwave transmission line with two coplanar conductors
FR2759814A1 (en) PROPELLER HYPERFREQUENCY ANTENNA ELEMENTS
WO2019110651A1 (en) Microwave component and associated manufacturing process
EP0082053B1 (en) Radiating system comprising two stacked antennas working in the same frequency band
FR2461369A1 (en) Angled hyperfrequency coaxial element - has centre conductor covered with sleeve of high rigidity dielectric secured at each end in dielectric block
EP0983616B1 (en) Method and device for connecting two millimetric elements
EP0352160A1 (en) Omnidirectional antenna, particularly for the transmission of radio or television signals in the decimetric-wave range, and radiation system formed by an arrangement of these antennas

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT NL

RAP3 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: THOMSON-CSF

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19890322