EP1038333B1 - Patch antenna - Google Patents

Patch antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1038333B1
EP1038333B1 EP99947543A EP99947543A EP1038333B1 EP 1038333 B1 EP1038333 B1 EP 1038333B1 EP 99947543 A EP99947543 A EP 99947543A EP 99947543 A EP99947543 A EP 99947543A EP 1038333 B1 EP1038333 B1 EP 1038333B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metallization
plate
metallizations
recesses
antenna
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99947543A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1038333A1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric DIXIMUS
Daniel Leclerc
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Amphenol Socapex SA
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Amphenol Socapex SA
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Priority to DK99947543T priority Critical patent/DK1038333T3/en
Publication of EP1038333A1 publication Critical patent/EP1038333A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1038333B1 publication Critical patent/EP1038333B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plate type antenna for transmit and receive waves of wavelength ⁇ belonging to the band of frequency ranging from 100 Mhz to 6 Ghz and presenting in particular excellent transmission and reception characteristics in the 3.5 Ghz bands, the C band and the S. band
  • Plate antennas are well known. They are most often constituted by a first metal plate forming a ground plane and by one or more other metal plates arranged opposite the ground plane and which constitute the radiating plates. Most often, these two systems of metal plates are attached to opposite sides of a block of material the dielectric thus also ensuring the mechanical connection between the ground plane and the radiating plate (s).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a plate antenna using as dielectric material the air while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned above, in particular with regard to the mechanical structure of the antenna.
  • a plate antenna which can comprise one or more plates radiant which uses air as dielectric and which presents a structure suitable mechanics since the mechanical connection is made by through the insulating plates that serve as supports.
  • the presence recesses in the plate surrounding at least a part of the metallizations forming the radiating plate (s) can effectively use the air as dielectric in the zone of maximum electronic field produced by the periphery of the radiating metallization (s). We thus obtain a optimal operation of the antenna.
  • the second insulating plate of the antenna is provided with a plurality of second metallizations of substantially rectangular shape and the metallizations are electrically connected by connecting portions.
  • the antenna comprises a first plate of insulating material 10 of the type used for the manufacture of printed circuits and whose thickness is preferably between 0.8 and 1.6 millimeters in order to have mechanical properties sufficient.
  • This metallization 12 has a generally rectangular shape.
  • the antenna also comprises a second insulating plate 14 made with the same insulating material that the plate 10 and whose thickness e is of the same order of than that of the plate 10.
  • a metallization by any suitable technique 16 constituting the radiating plate of, the antenna (patch in Anglo-Saxon).
  • metallization 16 has also a rectangular shape whose dimensions are adapted to the band frequency in which the antenna works. Spacers such as 18 and 20 fixed in the parts of insulating plates 10 and 14 devoid of metallizations ensure a rigorous positioning of the two insulating plates and therefore the plane 12 and the radiating plate 18.
  • the antenna is completed by a line 22 which is connected respectively to the radiating plate 16 and the mass plan 12 as is well known.
  • the insulating plate 14 is provided with recesses such as 24 and 26 arranged in a peripheral zone surrounding the portion of the insulating plate 14 covered by the metallization 16 for reasons that will be explained in connection with Figure 2.
  • the radiating part of the antenna is consisting of two metallizations respectively referenced 34 and 36.
  • these two metallizations are substantially of square shape and their dimension corresponds to ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the wavelength in which the antenna works
  • is the wavelength in which the antenna works
  • These two metallizations 34 and 36 are electrically connected to one another by a electrical connection portion 38 ensuring the electrical continuity between the metallizations 34 and 36. It is defined around metallizations 34 and 36, as well as each side of the connecting portion 38 a so-called peripheral zone 40 whose width h is substantially equal to ⁇ / 10. It's inside this area device 40 that are formed the recesses such as 24 and 26.
  • the recesses must occupy the highest possible percentage of the area device 40 while nevertheless ensuring a sufficient mechanical connection between the portions of the insulating plate 14 on which the metallizations are made and the rest of this plate on which are fixed the spacers 18 and 20.
  • the material constituting the insulating plate must be removed where the amplitude electromagnetic field is maximum.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the recesses inside the peripheral zone 40.
  • the metallization 34 and the primer of the electrical connection portion 38 In the parts of the peripheral zone 40 corresponding to the electromagnetic field maximum, we find recesses for example circular, 54 which are very close together while on the other two edges of the plate, found recesses 56 also circular more spaced from each other in such a way that overall, one obtains the ad hoc mechanical resistance.
  • the radiating plates are rectangular or square. It goes without saying, however, that we would not go out of the invention if these metallizations were in the form of a circle, polygon, etc.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a microstrip antenna for transmitting and receiving waves of wave length lambd. It comprises a first insulating plate and a first metallization effected on a face of said plate in order to form a ground plane; a second insulating plate and at least one second metallization effected on a face of said second plate and presenting dimensions smaller than those of the first metallization; at least one feedline connected to said first and second metallization; and spacer means fastened with the two plates in order to maintain the two plates in a predetermined relative position so that the two metallizations face each other and the second metallization is opposite the first.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une antenne du type à plaque pour émettre et recevoir des ondes de longueur d'onde λ appartenant à la bande de fréquence allant de 100 Mhz à 6 Ghz et présentant en particulier d'excellentes caractéristiques d'émission et de réception dans les bandes 3,5 Ghz, la bande C et la bande S.The present invention relates to a plate type antenna for transmit and receive waves of wavelength λ belonging to the band of frequency ranging from 100 Mhz to 6 Ghz and presenting in particular excellent transmission and reception characteristics in the 3.5 Ghz bands, the C band and the S. band

Les antennes à plaque sont bien connues. Elles sont le plus souvent constituées par une première plaque métallique formant un plan de masse et par une ou plusieurs autres plaques métalliques disposées en regard du plan de masse et qui constituent les plaques rayonnantes. Le plus souvent, ces deux systèmes de plaque métalliques sont fixés sur les faces opposées d'un bloc en matériau diélectrique assurant ainsi en outre la liaison mécanique entre le plan de masse et la ou les plaques rayonnantes.Plate antennas are well known. They are most often constituted by a first metal plate forming a ground plane and by one or more other metal plates arranged opposite the ground plane and which constitute the radiating plates. Most often, these two systems of metal plates are attached to opposite sides of a block of material the dielectric thus also ensuring the mechanical connection between the ground plane and the radiating plate (s).

Cependant, un tel système peut devenir onéreux notamment en raison du coût du matériau diélectrique de grande qualité lorsque la ou les plaques rayonnantes présentent une surface relativement importante.However, such a system can become expensive, particularly because of the cost of high quality dielectric material when the plate (s) radiators have a relatively large surface area.

Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, on a proposé d'utiliser comme diélectrique l'air interposé entre le plan de masse et la plaque rayonnante. Le document US-A-4 633 262 divulgue une telle antenne. Dans le cas d'une unique plaque rayonnante, cette solution est déjà d'une mise en oeuvre très délicate dans la mesure où il est difficile d'assurer le maintien d'une position précise de la plaque rayonnante par rapport au plan de masse et d'assurer une liaison mécanique entre ces deux plaques pouvant résister à des sollicitations externes. Ce problème est rendu encore plus complexe dans le cas où la partie rayonnante de l'antenne doit comporter plusieurs plaques métalliques puisque celles-ci doivent être maintenues rigoureusement dans un même plan.To remedy this drawback, it has been proposed to use dielectric air interposed between the ground plane and the radiating plate. US-A-4,633,262 discloses such an antenna. In the case of a single radiant plate, this solution is already an implementation very difficult in so far as it is difficult to maintain a position radiating plate in relation to the ground plane and to ensure mechanical connection between these two plates that can withstand stresses External. This problem is made even more complex in the case where the radiating antenna must have several metal plates since these must be rigorously maintained in the same plane.

Un objet de la présente invention est de fournir une antenne à plaque utilisant comme matériau diélectrique l'air tout en évitant les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus, notamment en ce qui concerne la structure mécanique de l'antenne.An object of the present invention is to provide a plate antenna using as dielectric material the air while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned above, in particular with regard to the mechanical structure of the antenna.

Pour atteindre ce but, selon l'invention, l'antenne du type à plaque pour émettre ou recevoir des ondes de longueur d'onde λ se caractérise en ce qu'elle comprend :

  • une première plaque isolante et une première métallisation réalisée sur une face de ladite plaque recouvrant une partie de ladite première plaque pour former un plan de masse ;
  • une deuxième plaque isolante et au moins une deuxième métallisation réalisée sur une face de ladite deuxième plaque et présentant des dimensions inférieures à celles de la première métallisation, ladite deuxième plaque comportant une zone périphérique entourant ladite deuxième métallisation sur une largeur sensiblement égale à λ/10, correspondant à une région où l'amplitude du champs électromagnétique créé par la périphérie de ladite deuxième métallisation est maximale, ladite deuxième plaque étant munie d'évidements dans au moins une partie de ladite zone périphérique, des portions pleines séparant lesdits évidements pour assurer une liaison mécanique entre la portion de ladite deuxième plaque portant la deuxième métallisation et le reste de ladite deuxième plaque ;
  • au moins un conducteur d'antenne relié auxdites première et deuxième métallisation ; et
  • des moyens d'entretoisement solidaires des deux plaques pour maintenir les deux plaques dans une position relative prédéterminée de telle manière que les deux métallisations soient tournées l'une vers l'autre et que la deuxième métallisation soit en regard de la première.
To achieve this object, according to the invention, the plate type antenna for transmitting or receiving waves of wavelength λ is characterized in that it comprises:
  • a first insulating plate and a first metallization made on a face of said plate covering a portion of said first plate to form a ground plane;
  • a second insulating plate and at least one second metallization made on one face of said second plate and having dimensions smaller than those of the first metallization, said second plate comprising a peripheral zone surrounding said second metallization over a width substantially equal to λ / 10 , corresponding to a region where the amplitude of the electromagnetic field created by the periphery of said second metallization is maximum, said second plate being provided with recesses in at least a portion of said peripheral zone, solid portions separating said recesses to provide a mechanical connection between the portion of said second plate carrying the second metallization and the remainder of said second plate;
  • at least one antenna conductor connected to said first and second metallization; and
  • integral bracing means of the two plates for holding the two plates in a predetermined relative position so that the two metallizations are turned towards each other and the second metallization is opposite the first.

On comprend que grâce au fait que le plan de masse et la ou les plaques rayonnantes sont disposées sur des supports isolants présentant une bonne résistance mécanique et que, de plus, les plaques conductrices se font directement face, on obtient une antenne à plaque qui peut comporter une ou plusieurs plaques rayonnantes qui utilise l'air comme diélectrique et qui présente une structure mécanique convenable puisque la liaison mécanique est réalisée par l'intermédiaire des plaques isolantes qui servent de supports.It is understood that thanks to the fact that the ground plane and the plate (s) radiators are arranged on insulating supports having a good mechanical resistance and that, moreover, the conductive plates are directly face, one obtains a plate antenna which can comprise one or more plates radiant which uses air as dielectric and which presents a structure suitable mechanics since the mechanical connection is made by through the insulating plates that serve as supports.

En outre, comme on l'expliquera plus en détails ultérieurement, la présence des évidements dans la plaque entourant au moins une partie des métallisations formant la ou les plaques rayonnantes permet d'utiliser effectivement l'air comme diélectrique dans la zone de champ électronique maximale produite par la périphérie de la ou des métallisations rayonnantes. On obtient ainsi un fonctionnement optimal de l'antenne.In addition, as will be explained in more detail later, the presence recesses in the plate surrounding at least a part of the metallizations forming the radiating plate (s) can effectively use the air as dielectric in the zone of maximum electronic field produced by the periphery of the radiating metallization (s). We thus obtain a optimal operation of the antenna.

Selon un mode préféré de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, la deuxième plaque isolante de l'antenne est munie d'une pluralité de deuxièmes métallisations de forme sensiblement rectangulaire et les métallisations sont électriquement raccordées par des portions de liaison.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second insulating plate of the antenna is provided with a plurality of second metallizations of substantially rectangular shape and the metallizations are electrically connected by connecting portions.

Dans ce mode de réalisation qui permet, grâce à la présence des différentes métallisations rayonnantes d'adapter de façon convenable le gain de l'antenne, on prévoit également des évidements dans la zone périphérique disposée de part et d'autre des éléments de liaison électrique entre les différentes métallisations rayonnantes.In this embodiment that allows, thanks to the presence of different radiating metallizations to suitably match the gain of the antenna, one also provides for recesses in the peripheral zone arranged on the other elements of electrical connection between the different metallizations radiating.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'antenne dans le cas où celle-ci comporte une seule métallisation rayonnante ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de détail de la figure 1 montrant les lignes de champs électromagnétiques entre le plan de masse et la métallisation rayonnante ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de dessous de la plaque supérieure dans le cas où celle-ci comporte plusieurs métallisations rayonnantes ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une antenne à plaque selon l'invention comportant plusieurs métallisations rayonnantes ; et
  • la figure 5 est une vue partielle de la figure 3 montrant une variante de réalisation des évidements entourant les métallisations rayonnantes.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures in which:
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the antenna in the case where it comprises a single radiating metallization;
  • Figure 2 is a detail view of Figure 1 showing the electromagnetic field lines between the ground plane and the radiating metallization;
  • Figure 3 is a bottom view of the upper plate in the case where it comprises a plurality of radiating metallizations;
  • Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of a plate antenna according to the invention comprising a plurality of radiating metallizations; and
  • Figure 5 is a partial view of Figure 3 showing an alternative embodiment of the recesses surrounding the radiating metallizations.

En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on va décrire un premier mode de réalisation de l'antenne à plaque dans le.cas où la partie rayonnante est constituée par une unique métallisation.Referring first to Figure 1, we will describe a first mode of realization of the plate antenna in the case where the radiating part is constituted by a single metallization.

L'antenne comporte une première plaque en matériau isolant 10 du type utilisé pour la fabrication de circuits imprimés et dont l'épaisseur est de préférence comprise entre 0,8 et 1,6 millimètres afin de présenter des propriétés mécaniques suffisantes. Sur la face supérieure 10a de cette plaque 10, on réalise une métallisation par exemple en cuivre 12 pour constituer le plan de masse de l'antenne. Cette métallisation 12 a une forme générale rectangulaire. L'antenne comporte également une deuxième plaque isolante 14 réalisée avec le même matériau isolant que la plaque 10 et dont l'épaisseur e est du même ordre de grandeur que celle de la plaque 10. Sur la face inférieure 14a, on réalise une métallisation par toute technique convenable 16 constituant la plaque rayonnante de, l'antenne (patch en anglo-saxon). Comme cela est connu, la métallisation 16 a également une forme rectangulaire dont les dimensions sont adaptées à la bande de fréquence dans laquelle travaille l'antenne. Des entretoises telles que 18 et 20 fixées dans les parties des plaques isolantes 10 et 14 dépourvues de métallisations assurent un positionnement rigoureux des deux plaques isolantes et donc du plan de masse 12 et de la plaque rayonnante 18. L'antenne est complétée par une ligne d'alimentation 22 qui est reliée respectivement à la plaque rayonnante 16 et au plan de masse 12 comme cela est bien connu. De plus, la plaque isolante 14 est munie d'évidements tels que 24 et 26 disposés dans une zone périphérique entourant la portion de la plaque isolante 14 recouverte par la métallisation 16 pour des raisons que l'on va expliquer en liaison avec la figure 2.The antenna comprises a first plate of insulating material 10 of the type used for the manufacture of printed circuits and whose thickness is preferably between 0.8 and 1.6 millimeters in order to have mechanical properties sufficient. On the upper face 10a of this plate 10, a metallization for example copper 12 to constitute the ground plane of the antenna. This metallization 12 has a generally rectangular shape. The antenna also comprises a second insulating plate 14 made with the same insulating material that the plate 10 and whose thickness e is of the same order of than that of the plate 10. On the lower face 14a, a metallization by any suitable technique 16 constituting the radiating plate of, the antenna (patch in Anglo-Saxon). As is known, metallization 16 has also a rectangular shape whose dimensions are adapted to the band frequency in which the antenna works. Spacers such as 18 and 20 fixed in the parts of insulating plates 10 and 14 devoid of metallizations ensure a rigorous positioning of the two insulating plates and therefore the plane 12 and the radiating plate 18. The antenna is completed by a line 22 which is connected respectively to the radiating plate 16 and the mass plan 12 as is well known. In addition, the insulating plate 14 is provided with recesses such as 24 and 26 arranged in a peripheral zone surrounding the portion of the insulating plate 14 covered by the metallization 16 for reasons that will be explained in connection with Figure 2.

Sur cette figure 2, on retrouve la plaque isolante 10, la métallisation 12, la plaque isolante 14 et la métallisation 16 formant plaque rayonnante. Sur cette figure agrandie, on a fait apparaítre les lignes de champ électromagnétique 30 qui se développent entre les plaques conductrices 12 et 16 dans leur portion en regard, ainsi que les lignes de champ électromagnétique 32 qui sont créées par le courant électrique circulant à la périphérie 16a de la métallisation 16. Comme le montre la figure, ces lignes de champ dans la zone de champs électromagnétiques maximale créée par cette périphérie 16a sont tout d'abord dirigées vers le support isolant 14. Ce support isolant 14, pour des raisons de coût, étant réalisé avec un matériau aux propriétés diélectriques médiocres, celles-ci viendraient amoindrir la qualité de l'antenne. Pour cette raison, on réalise des évidements 24 et 26 autour de la métallisation 16, comme on l'expliquera plus en détails. Ainsi, les lignes de champ électromagnétique émises par la périphérie de la métallisation 16 traversent les évidements 24 et 26 dans lesquels le diélectrique est également constitué par de l'air comme c'est le cas entre les plaques conductrices 12 et 16. On obtient ainsi une antenne présentant de très bonnes qualités:In this figure 2, there is the insulating plate 10, the metallization 12, the insulating plate 14 and the metallization 16 forming a radiating plate. On this enlarged figure, we have shown the electromagnetic field lines 30 which develop between the conductive plates 12 and 16 in their opposite portion, as well as the electromagnetic field lines 32 that are created by the current electrical circuit circulating at the periphery 16a of the metallization 16. As shown in FIG. figure, these field lines in the zone of maximum electromagnetic fields created by this periphery 16a are first directed towards the insulating support 14. This insulating support 14, for cost reasons, being made of a material with poor dielectric properties, these would reduce the quality of the the antenna. For this reason, recesses 24 and 26 are made around the metallization 16, as will be explained in more detail. So the field lines electromagnetic emissions emitted by the periphery of the metallization 16 pass through recesses 24 and 26 in which the dielectric is also constituted by air as is the case between the conductive plates 12 and 16. an antenna with very good qualities:

En se référant maintenant aux figures 3 et 4, on va décrire un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'antenne dans lequel la partie rayonnante de l'antenne est constituée par deux métallisations respectivement référencées 34 et 36. Comme cela est connu, ces deux métallisations sont sensiblement de forme carrée et leur cote correspond à λ/2, λ étant la longueur d'onde dans laquelle travaille l'antenne Ces deux métallisations 34 et 36 sont reliées électriquement entre elles par une portion de liaison électrique 38 assurant la continuité électrique entre les métallisations 34 et 36. On définit autour des métallisations 34 et 36, ainsi que de chaque côté de la portion de liaison 38 une zone dite périphérique 40 dont la largeur h est sensiblement égale à λ/10. C'est à l'intérieur de cette zone périphérique 40 que sont ménagés les évidements tels que 24 et 26. Bien entendu, les évidements doivent occuper le pourcentage le plus élevé possible de la zone périphérique 40 tout en assurant néanmoins une liaison mécanique suffisante entre les portions de la plaque isolante 14 sur lesquelles sont réalisées les métallisations et le reste de cette plaque sur laquelle sont fixées les entretoises 18 et 20. En priorité, la matière constituant la plaque isolante doit être enlevée là où l'amplitude du champ électromagnétique est maximale.Referring now to Figures 3 and 4, we will describe a second embodiment of the antenna in which the radiating part of the antenna is consisting of two metallizations respectively referenced 34 and 36. As this is known, these two metallizations are substantially of square shape and their dimension corresponds to λ / 2, where λ is the wavelength in which the antenna works These two metallizations 34 and 36 are electrically connected to one another by a electrical connection portion 38 ensuring the electrical continuity between the metallizations 34 and 36. It is defined around metallizations 34 and 36, as well as each side of the connecting portion 38 a so-called peripheral zone 40 whose width h is substantially equal to λ / 10. It's inside this area device 40 that are formed the recesses such as 24 and 26. Of course, the recesses must occupy the highest possible percentage of the area device 40 while nevertheless ensuring a sufficient mechanical connection between the portions of the insulating plate 14 on which the metallizations are made and the rest of this plate on which are fixed the spacers 18 and 20. In priority, the material constituting the insulating plate must be removed where the amplitude electromagnetic field is maximum.

Afin de réaliser un compromis entre un pourcentage élevé d'évidement dans la zone périphérique 40 et la résistance mécanique qui doit demeurer dans cette zone, on augmentera la densité d'évidements selon les bords des plaques conductrices 34 et 36 correspondant à la présence d'un champ magnétique maximal et on diminuera cette densité selon les autres bords et selon les bords de la connexion électrique 38. Par exemple, dans le cas de la figure 3, on prévoit dans cette zone périphérique 40 des fentes 42, 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b et 48 qui correspondent à l'ensemble de la largeur des plaques conductrices. En revanche, sur les deux autres bords de chacune des deux métallisations, on prévoira simplement des évidements espacés tels que 50, par exemple de forme circulaire, séparés par des portions du matériau isolant 52 assurant la continuité mécanique de l'ensemble de la plaque.In order to achieve a compromise between a high percentage of recess in the peripheral zone 40 and the mechanical resistance that must remain in this area, we will increase the density of recesses according to the edges of the plates conductors 34 and 36 corresponding to the presence of a magnetic field maximum and we will decrease this density according to the other edges and according to the edges of the electrical connection 38. For example, in the case of FIG. 3, provision is made in this peripheral zone 40 of the slots 42, 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b and 48 which correspond to the entire width of the conductive plates. On the other hand, on the other two edges of each of the two metallizations, provision will be made simply spaced recesses such as 50, for example of circular shape, separated by portions of the insulating material 52 ensuring mechanical continuity of the entire plate.

Comme on l'a représenté également sur les figures 3 et 4, il peut être intéressant de prévoir des fils de court circuit tels que 51 et 53 qui relient respectivement le plan de masse 12 à chacune des métallisations 34 et 36 sensiblement en son centre. On fixe ainsi un potentiel électrique sensiblement nul au centre de chacune des plaques rayonnantes 34 et 36, ce qui améliore la stabilité de l'antenne.As also shown in Figures 3 and 4, it can be interesting to provide short circuit wires such as 51 and 53 which connect respectively the ground plane 12 at each of the metallizations 34 and 36 substantially in its center. A substantially zero electrical potential is thus fixed in the center of each of the radiating plates 34 and 36, which improves the stability of the antenna.

Sur la figure 5, on a représenté une variante de réalisation des évidements à l'intérieur de la zone périphérique 40. Sur cette figure, on a représenté simplement la métallisation 34 et l'amorce de la portion de liaison électrique 38. Dans les parties de la zone périphérique 40 correspondant au champ électromagnétique maximal, on trouve des évidements par exemple circulaires,54 qui sont très rapprochés les uns des autres alors que selon les deux autres bords de la plaque, on trouve des évidements 56 également circulaires plus espacés les uns des autres de telle manière que globalement, on obtienne la résistance mécanique ad hoc.FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the recesses inside the peripheral zone 40. In this figure, it is simply shown the metallization 34 and the primer of the electrical connection portion 38. In the parts of the peripheral zone 40 corresponding to the electromagnetic field maximum, we find recesses for example circular, 54 which are very close together while on the other two edges of the plate, found recesses 56 also circular more spaced from each other in such a way that overall, one obtains the ad hoc mechanical resistance.

Il va de soi que l'on ne sortirait pas de l'invention si la partie rayonnante de l'antenne était constituée par plus de deux plaques conductrices reliées entre elles électriquement. On ne sortirait pas non plus de l'invention si les plaques conductrices formant la partie rayonnante de l'antenne n'étaient pas reliées électriquement, mais comportaient chacune un conducteur d'antenne tel que 22. Enfin, il faut noter que pour obtenir à la fois le taux de vide autour des éléments conducteurs rayonnants et la résistance mécanique suffisante, on peut également jouer sur les dimensions des évidements élémentaires 54 ou 56. It goes without saying that one would not go beyond the invention if the radiating part of the antenna consisted of more than two conductive plates interconnected electrically. We would not go out of the invention either if the plates conductors forming the radiating part of the antenna were not connected electrically, but each had an antenna conductor such as 22. Finally, it should be noted that to obtain both the void rate around the elements radiating conductors and sufficient mechanical strength one can also play on the dimensions of the elementary recesses 54 or 56.

De même, dans la description précédente, les plaques rayonnantes sont rectangulaires ou carrées. Il va cependant de soi que l'on ne sortirait pas de l'invention si ces métallisations étaient en forme de cercle, polygone, etc.Similarly, in the previous description, the radiating plates are rectangular or square. It goes without saying, however, that we would not go out of the invention if these metallizations were in the form of a circle, polygon, etc.

Claims (6)

  1. Patch antenna for transmitting or receiving waves of wave-length λ comprising a first insulating plate (10) and a first metallization (12) effected on one face of said plate covering a part of said first plate to form a ground plane, said patch antenna being characterised by
    a second insulating plate (14) and at least a second metallization (16) effected on one face of said second plate and presenting dimensions smaller than those of the first metallization, said second plate comprising a peripheral zone surrounding said second metallization over a width substantially equal to λ/10, corresponding to a region where the amplitude of the electromagnetic field created by the periphery of said second metallization is maximum, said second plate being provided with recesses (24, 26) in at least a part of said peripheral zone, solid portions separating said recesses in order to ensure a mechanical connection between that portion of said second plate bearing the second metallization and the rest of said second plate;
    at least one feedline (22) connected to said first and second metallizations; and
    spacer means (18, 20) fast with the two plates in order to maintain the two plates in a predetermined relative position so that the two metallizations face each other and the second metallization is opposite the first.
  2. Antenna according to Claim 1, characterised in that said second plate is provided with a plurality of second metallizations of substantially rectangular shape and in that said metallizations are electrically connected by feedlines forming connection portions.
  3. Antenna according to Claim 2, characterised in that each second metallization is substantially surrounded by a peripheral zone and in that each connection portion is bordered by a peripheral zone, recesses being arranged in at least a part of each peripheral zone.
  4. Antenna according to Claim 2, characterised in that, for each second metallization, the recesses comprise a slot arranged over the whole length of two parallel sides of the same metallization.
  5. Antenna according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that said recesses comprise circular bores.
  6. Antenna according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it further comprises short-circuit lines, each short-circuit line connecting said first metallization to the centre of a second metallization.
EP99947543A 1998-10-12 1999-10-12 Patch antenna Expired - Lifetime EP1038333B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK99947543T DK1038333T3 (en) 1998-10-12 1999-10-12 plate Antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9812727A FR2784506A1 (en) 1998-10-12 1998-10-12 Radio frequency patch antenna air dielectric construction having lower insulating metallised ground plane supporting post upper metallised insulating slab with upper peripheral zone electric field retention
FR9812727 1998-10-12
PCT/FR1999/002449 WO2000022695A1 (en) 1998-10-12 1999-10-12 Patch antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1038333A1 EP1038333A1 (en) 2000-09-27
EP1038333B1 true EP1038333B1 (en) 2005-07-06

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EP99947543A Expired - Lifetime EP1038333B1 (en) 1998-10-12 1999-10-12 Patch antenna

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US (1) US6285326B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1038333B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002527974A (en)
KR (1) KR20010032890A (en)
CN (1) CN1126191C (en)
AT (1) ATE299299T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69926050D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1038333T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2245516T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2784506A1 (en)
HK (1) HK1034811A1 (en)
TW (1) TW445666B (en)
WO (1) WO2000022695A1 (en)

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JP2005503062A (en) * 2001-09-13 2005-01-27 フラクトゥス・ソシエダッド・アノニマ Multilevel space-filling ground plane for small multiband antennas
US9755314B2 (en) 2001-10-16 2017-09-05 Fractus S.A. Loaded antenna
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US10840589B2 (en) 2016-09-02 2020-11-17 Taoglas Group Holdings Limited Multi-band MIMO panel antennas
WO2020126606A1 (en) 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Saint-Gobain Glass France Glass pane for a vehicle
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CN111989820A (en) 2019-03-22 2020-11-24 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Vehicle glazing
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WO2021110400A1 (en) 2019-12-03 2021-06-10 Saint-Gobain Glass France Glass pane
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000022695A1 (en) 2000-04-20
HK1034811A1 (en) 2001-11-02
DK1038333T3 (en) 2005-10-17
ATE299299T1 (en) 2005-07-15
DE69926050D1 (en) 2005-08-11
TW445666B (en) 2001-07-11
EP1038333A1 (en) 2000-09-27
CN1287697A (en) 2001-03-14
ES2245516T3 (en) 2006-01-01
CN1126191C (en) 2003-10-29
FR2784506A1 (en) 2000-04-14
US6285326B1 (en) 2001-09-04
KR20010032890A (en) 2001-04-25
JP2002527974A (en) 2002-08-27

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