EP0281835A1 - Numerically controlled grinding machine - Google Patents

Numerically controlled grinding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281835A1
EP0281835A1 EP88102668A EP88102668A EP0281835A1 EP 0281835 A1 EP0281835 A1 EP 0281835A1 EP 88102668 A EP88102668 A EP 88102668A EP 88102668 A EP88102668 A EP 88102668A EP 0281835 A1 EP0281835 A1 EP 0281835A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swivel arm
grinding machine
machine according
dressing
dressing tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88102668A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0281835B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Beyer
Roland Schemel
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K JUNG GmbH
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K JUNG GmbH
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Priority to AT88102668T priority Critical patent/ATE64879T1/en
Publication of EP0281835A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281835A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B24B53/065—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels having other than straight profiles, e.g. crowned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/12—Dressing tools; Holders therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a CNC-controlled grinding machine with a rotatingly driven grinding wheel, with at least one dressing tool which is movable relative to the grinding wheel, this tool having a cutting edge which engages the grinding wheel and has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, and with a swivel arm which carries the dressing tool and which is in a Storage frame is pivotally mounted and can be rotated by controlled drive means about a CNC pivot axis passing through the center of the cutting edge.
  • This object is achieved in a generic grinding machine in that at least two dressing tools are attached to a revolver rotatably mounted on the swivel arm, and the axis of rotation of the revolver runs parallel to and at a distance from the CNC swivel axis in that the indexing of the revolver from the twisting movement of the Swivel arm is derived about its CNC swivel axis, and that for this purpose a recess is formed in the turret, into which an index pin axially displaceable in the bearing frame of the swivel arm can be inserted in such a way that when the swivel arm is rotated, the turret held by the pin executes a relative rotational movement another dressing tool comes into the working position.
  • the required relative movement (dressing movement) between the dressing tool (e.g. a dressing diamond) and the grinding wheel can be generated either by the tool or by the grinding wheel or by both in combination, the movements controlled by CNC control devices with associated programs.
  • Fig. 1 shows three different positions of the dressing tool 3, each with different angles ⁇ 0.
  • the angle ⁇ 0 z. B. 95 °, ie the dressing tool is approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation 4 of the grinding wheel 1.
  • other angles ⁇ 0 are set, so that the dressing tool must be pivoted accordingly (cf. 3 ⁇ ).
  • the cutting edge 5 of the dressing tool 3 has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape.
  • the pivot axis 6 runs through the center of the circle of the cutting edge 5. This ensures that there are no shape distortions on the dressing profile when the dressing tool 3 is pivoted.
  • the center point of the cutting edge 5, through which the swivel axis 6 of the dressing tool runs, follows the profile to be produced at an equidistant distance during the dressing process, this distance being equal to the radius of the circle producing the tip of the dressing tool.
  • the dressing tool 3 is further arranged so that its axis 2 includes an angle of ⁇ 1 (for example 5 °) with the radius 8 of the grinding wheel 1 directed towards the point of application 7 of the tool 3.
  • This arrangement of the dressing unit is called witness 3 with respect to the direction of rotation D of the grinding wheel 1 also "pulling".
  • the pivot axis 6 of the dressing tool 3 is not set exactly tangentially at the point of application 7 with respect to the grinding wheel circumference, but at an angle of ⁇ 2 to the tangent. If ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are chosen approximately the same, the center point and thus the center line of the tip 5 of the dressing tool coincide approximately with the pivot axis. As a result, when the dressing tool is pivoted, e.g. on a cylindrical outer peripheral part of the grinding wheel, the same projection of the circle determining the tip of the dressing tool is always effective, i.e. the distance a in Fig. 2a is retained. This avoids "ripple" on the grinding wheel surface to be dressed.
  • a swivel arm 12 is mounted in a bearing frame 11 so that it can pivot about the swivel axis 6 already mentioned by means of ball bearings 13.
  • the drive is CNC controlled so that precisely defined angular positions can be communicated to the swivel arm.
  • the storage rack 11 is in turn firmly connected to a machine table 17, not shown in detail, which can be adjusted in a manner known per se with respect to the grinding wheel 1 in at least two directions.
  • the swivel arm 12 has the shape of a crank.
  • a shaft 19 is rotatably arranged in a self-supporting manner and is fixedly connected to a revolver 20 at its free end.
  • three further dressing tools 21, 22, 23 are fixedly arranged in the turret 20, wherein each dressing tool can be clamped in its own tool holder 24, which in turn is aligned with the body of the turret 20.
  • the turret 20 is thus rotatable about the axis of the shaft 19, this axis running parallel to and at a distance from the pivot axis 6 of the pivot arm 12. Different dressing tools can thus be brought into position alternately on the grinding wheel 1.
  • the shaft 19 is firmly connected to a grooved washer 25, on the exposed rear side of which a recess in the form of a cross groove 26 is formed, see FIGS. 3 and 8.
  • the shaft 19 is slidably displaceable in the end 18 of the swivel arm 12 and is biased into its normal position by a spring assembly 27 (to the left in FIG. 2b).
  • a centering toothing 29 is formed between the actual body of the revolver and an adjusting part 28 of the swivel arm to be described later. If the shaft 19 is moved out of its normal position (to the right in FIG. 2b) against the action of the spring assembly 27, the toothing 29 disengages so that the turret 20 and the dressing tools carried by it can be rotated.
  • an index pin 31 is slidably mounted against the pressure of a spring 32.
  • the pin 31 is connected to a piston 33 which is connected to a pressure medium, e.g. Compressed air can be acted on, so that the pin emerges from the storage rack 11 (to the right in FIG. 2b).
  • the index pin 31 can enter the cross groove 26 and thereby fix the washer 25 and with it the turret 20 relative to the storage rack 11.
  • the shaft 19 is displaced by the pin 31 striking the bottom of the cross groove, so that the toothing 29 disengages.
  • Fig. 3 the swivel arm is in its normal position.
  • the dressing tool 3 engages the grinding wheel 1.
  • the pivot axis 6 of the pivot arm 12 runs through the center of the circular tip 5 of the dressing tool 3.
  • the position of the index pin 31 and the cross groove 26 are indicated by dashed lines.
  • the turret 20 is pivotable in the direction of arrow R, the swivel arm 12 in the direction of arrow S.
  • the swivel arm 12 first reaches the position shown in FIG. 4, in which the index pin 31 enters an arm of the cross groove 26 and thereby fixes the turret 20 and releases the toothing 29.
  • the swivel arm 12 is still pivoted in the direction of arrow S when the turret 20 is fixed, as a result of which a relative rotation between the turret 20 and the swivel arm 12 is brought about.
  • the tool 21 takes the place of the tool 3, while the tool 3 assumes the former position of the tool 23.
  • the index pin 31 is withdrawn and the swivel arm is returned to its normal operating position.
  • the new dressing tool 21 is centered by the toothing 29.
  • the swivel arm 12 has a recess 35 in addition to the grooved washer 25, into which the remote-controlled index pin 31 can be inserted if necessary with a corresponding angular position of the swivel arm 12.
  • the swivel arm can be locked in the normal position with respect to its swivel drive without play, which enables a particularly precise dressing of the cylindrical outer surface of a grinding wheel.
  • FIG. 6 shows a dressing tool 3 that has worn out after dressing a grinding wheel.
  • the originally circular, dash-dotted line “tip” of the dressing tool 3 has waves due to wear shaped shape. If the latter remains within certain tolerances, for example within the circular arcs 5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ shown in FIG. 6, the dressing tool 3 can continue to be used. However, a new adjustment is then required in order to bring the center of the arcs 5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ into alignment with the swivel axis of the swivel arm 12. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the center point of the circular arc 5 is initially in register with the pivot axis 6.
  • the center of the circular arcs 5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ , designated by the reference numeral 6 ⁇ , is shifted downward and rightward by ⁇ H and ⁇ S with respect to the center of the circular arc 5, designated by the reference numeral 6.
  • the dressing tool 3 has to be readjusted accordingly by ⁇ H and ⁇ S.
  • the device according to the invention is also able to carry out this readjustment automatically, which is explained below with reference to FIGS. 2b and 7 to 9.
  • FIG. 7 shows a view essentially rotated by 90 ° compared to FIG. 2b.
  • the adjustment part 28 of the swivel arm 12 already mentioned is loosely clamped to the rest of the swivel arm 12 by means of bolts 36, 37 (FIG. 2b) and springs 38, 39 and is therefore slightly movable relative to the rest of the swivel arm.
  • 7 and 9 - a straight line of balls 41 is arranged in corresponding grooves of the parts 12 and 28, which overall form a linear ball guide and on the one hand a limited displacement of the adjusting part 28 along the the axis of the ball guide and on the other hand allow a limited pivoting about this axis, the maximum dimension of Ver pivoting depends on the space between parts 12 and 28.
  • the translatory shift mentioned takes place in FIG. 7 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and in FIG. 2b in the plane of the drawing, that is to say from bottom to top or vice versa. Due to this mobility of the adjustment part 28, the deviations ⁇ H and ⁇ S explained in connection with FIG. 6 can be corrected, namely the deviation ⁇ H by means of translatory adjustment of the adjustment part 28 along the axis of the ball guide and the deviation ⁇ S by pivoting the adjustment part 28 about this axis . Because of the spring assembly 27, the shaft 19 running with a little play in the swivel arm 12 can participate in these (slight) adjustment movements.
  • a shaft 42 is rotatably and axially immovably mounted in the swivel arm 12 and carries an eccentric 43 at its end which projects freely into the adjusting part 28.
  • the eccentric 43 lies against a cylindrical pin 44 arranged in the adjusting part 28, which in turn is supported on a threaded pin 45. If the shaft 42 is thus rotated, the adjusting part 28 (and thus the dressing tool 3) is displaced translationally relative to the rest of the swivel arm 12.
  • a threaded spindle 46 is rotatably mounted in the swivel arm 12 (see FIG. 7), on whose end facing the adjusting part 28 a stilt 47 is supported in a wobbling manner. This stilt 47 continues to be supported in a corresponding recess in the adjusting part 28. If the threaded spindle 46 is thus rotated, the associated axial displacement of the stilt 27 causes the adjusting part 28 to pivot about the axis of the ball guide.
  • a lever arm 48 or 49 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the ends of the shaft 42 and the threaded spindle 46 protruding from the swivel arm 12, cf. 7 and 8. If the swivel arm 12 is pivoted about its swivel axis 6 in a CNC-controlled manner when the index pin 31 is extended (shown in broken lines in FIGS.
  • the lever arms 48, 49 can be brought to a stop against the pin 31, whereby in each case a rotary movement of the shaft 42 or the threaded spindle 46 can be triggered, which in turn can then be used to correct the deviations ⁇ H or ⁇ S in the manner described.
  • a protective cap is connected to the body of the turret 20, which extends freely over the adjusting part 28 and is flexibly supported on the swivel arm 12 with the interposition of a seal 52 in such a way that the protective hood 51 adjusts the adjusting movements of the turret 20 and the Adjustment part 28 is not hindered.
  • a spherical reference surface 54 which is designed as a laterally projecting stop 53, is arranged on the bearing frame 11 of the swivel arm 12 (which is arranged displaceably on the machine table) and, as indicated by the dash-dotted line 55, with the tip of the dressing tool 3 is aligned.
  • the stop 53 with its reference surface 54 is arranged on the storage rack 11 so that it can be adjusted in height, so that the latter with the dressing unit Stuff 3 can be precisely aligned.
  • the housing 57 of a sensor 58 With a grinding headstock 56, which surrounds the grinding wheel 1 in a known manner and serves as a protective hood, the housing 57 of a sensor 58 is connected, the sensing pin 59 of which, in a manner known per se, faces a flat surface 50 of the spherical reference surface 54.
  • the housing 57 is preferably also vertically displaceable on the box 56 so that it can be moved out of the way during normal operation of the grinding machine.
  • the height shift of the sensor 58 can be done automatically by a pressure medium or electromechanically.
  • the position of the diamond tip of the dressing tool 3 can be measured precisely in comparison to the reference surface 54 with the aid of the scanning pin 59 of the sensor 58 brought into the working position.
  • the dressing tool 3 is moved into the position shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 10 by moving the storage rack 11.
  • pivot arm 12 is pivoted about its pivot axis 6, which, as stated above, is centered on the tip of the dressing tool 3, while the scanning pin 59 is in contact with the tip of the dressing tool 3, then signs of wear and misalignments of this tip can be easily determined and in a known manner record.
  • This gives, in particular, storable data for the worn shape of the tool tip shown in FIG. 6, which can then be used to calculate the arcs 5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ , so that one ends up has a simple procedure at hand to also automatically obtain the values for the deviations ⁇ H and ⁇ S and to derive the necessary setting commands for the above-described, CNC-controlled fine adjustment of the dressing tool.
  • the described dressing device can, as described, be arranged fixedly on the machine table 17 which can be moved in the usual manner. Then only the CNC-controlled swivel movement of the swivel arm 12 about its axis 6 is required for the described adjustment and adjustment movements, because the other movements can be carried out by the machine table.
  • the dressing device can also be "overhead", i.e. rotated downward by 180 ° and fastened directly to the grinding spindle box 56. In this case, two additional translational adjustment axes are required to carry out the dressing.
  • a circumferential dressing tool e.g. a diamond roller in which turret 20 are inserted.
  • stops e.g. a stop for a reference standard of a measuring device can be used.
  • the fine adjustment described carried out with the aid of the shaft 42 or the threaded spindle 46, can be used not only to adjust a dressing tool that is worn through wear, but also when a different turret 20 with other dressing tools is attached to the swivel arm 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

To dress the grinding wheel (1), a revolver (20) rotatably mounted on a pivoting arm (12) and having at least two dressing tools (3, 21) is provided on a CNC grinding machine, the rotational axis (19) of the revolver running parallel to and at a distance from the CNC pivoting axis (6) of the pivoting arm. The stepping of the revolver is derived from the rotary movement of the pivoting arm about its pivoting axis by a recess (26) being formed in the revolver, into which recess (26) an indexing pin (31) axially displaceable in the bearing stand (11) of the pivoting arm can be moved in such a way that, when the pivoting arm rotates, the revolver held in place by the pin performs a relative rotary movement through which another dressing tool moves into working position. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine CNC-gesteuerte Schleif­maschine mit einer rotierend angetriebenen Schleif­scheibe, mit wenigstens einem relativ zur Schleif­scheibe beweglichen Abrichtwerkzeug, wobei dieses Werkzeug eine an der Schleifscheibe angreifende Schneide von im wesentlichen kreisförmiger Quer­schnittsform hat, und mit einem das Abrichtwerk­zeug tragenden Schwenkarm, der in einem Lagerge­stell schwenkbar gelagert und durch gesteuerte An­triebsmittel um eine durch den Kreismittelpunkt der Schneide gehende CNC-Schwenkachse verdrehbar ist.The invention relates to a CNC-controlled grinding machine with a rotatingly driven grinding wheel, with at least one dressing tool which is movable relative to the grinding wheel, this tool having a cutting edge which engages the grinding wheel and has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, and with a swivel arm which carries the dressing tool and which is in a Storage frame is pivotally mounted and can be rotated by controlled drive means about a CNC pivot axis passing through the center of the cutting edge.

Bei bekannten Schleifmaschinen dieser Art ist nur ein Abrichtwerkzeug vorgesehen, so daß es erforder­lich ist, für verschiedene Arbeitsgänge, beispiels­weise Vor- und Feinabrichten, verschiedene Abricht­werkzeuge in einen Werkzeughalter einzusetzen, zu justieren und relativ zur Schleifscheibe auszurich­ten. Dies ist eine umständliche, zeitraubende Arbeit, die den Produktionsfortgang hemmt.In known grinding machines of this type, only one dressing tool is provided, so that it is necessary to use different dressing tools in a tool holder for different work steps, for example preliminary and fine dressing, to adjust and align them relative to the grinding wheel. This is cumbersome, time-consuming work that inhibits production progress.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, diesem Mangel abzuhelfen und eine gattungsgemäße Schleifmaschine so zu verbessern, daß mehrere Abrichtwerkzeuge nacheinander automatisch in Stellung gebracht werden können.It is an object of the invention to remedy this deficiency and to improve a generic grinding machine in such a way that several dressing tools can be automatically brought into position one after the other.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Schleif­maschine dadurch gelöst, daß an einem drehbar am Schwenk­arm gelagerten Revolver wenigstens zwei Abrichtwerkzeuge befestigt sind, und die Drehachse des Revolvers parallel zu und im Abstand von der CNC-Schwenkachse verläuft, daß die Fortschaltung des Revolvers von der Verdrehbewegung des Schwenkarms um dessen CNC-Schwenkachse abgeleitet ist, und daß hierzu im Revolver eine Ausnehmung ausge­bildet ist, in die ein im Lagergestell des Schwenkarms axial verschieblicher Indexstift derart einführbar ist, daß bei Verdrehung des Schwenkarms der durch den Stift festgehaltene Revolver eine relative Drehbewegung aus­führt, durch die ein anderes Abrichtwerkzeug in Arbeits­stellung gelangt.This object is achieved in a generic grinding machine in that at least two dressing tools are attached to a revolver rotatably mounted on the swivel arm, and the axis of rotation of the revolver runs parallel to and at a distance from the CNC swivel axis in that the indexing of the revolver from the twisting movement of the Swivel arm is derived about its CNC swivel axis, and that for this purpose a recess is formed in the turret, into which an index pin axially displaceable in the bearing frame of the swivel arm can be inserted in such a way that when the swivel arm is rotated, the turret held by the pin executes a relative rotational movement another dressing tool comes into the working position.

Die nachstehende Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausfüh­rungsform der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit bei­liegender Zeichnung der weiteren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch und teilweise eine Profil­schleifscheibe mit Abrichtwerkzeug;
  • Fig. 2a eine schematische Teilansicht in Rich­tung des Pfeiles A in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 2b eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenan­sicht eines Schwenkarms;
  • Fig. 3 eine Vorderansicht des Schwenkarms in Richtung des Pfeiles B in Fig. 2b;
  • Fig. 4 und 5 Ansichten ähnlich Fig. 3 mit verschie­denen Stellungen des Schwenkarms und eines von diesem getragenen Revolvers;
  • Fig. 6 schematisch die Spitze eines abge­arbeiteten Abrichtwerkzeuges;
  • Fig. 7 eine Teilschnittansicht des Schwenk­arms entlang der Linie 7-7 in Fig. 2b;
  • Fig. 8 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie 8-8 in Fig. 2b und 7;
  • Fig. 9 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie 9-9 in Fig. 7 und
  • Fig.10 eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der Justierung eines Abrichtwerkzeuges.
The following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention serves in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for further explanation. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 schematically and partially a profile grinding wheel with dressing tool;
  • 2a shows a schematic partial view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1;
  • 2b is a partially sectioned side view of a swivel arm;
  • 3 shows a front view of the swivel arm in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2b;
  • 4 and 5 views similar to FIG. 3 with different positions of the swivel arm and a revolver carried by it;
  • 6 schematically shows the tip of a finished dressing tool;
  • FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of the swivel arm along the line 7-7 in FIG. 2b;
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in Figures 2b and 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line 9-9 in Fig. 7 and
  • 10 shows a schematic illustration to explain the adjustment of a dressing tool.

Beim Abrichten von Schleifscheiben mit zylindrischer oder in anderer Weise profilierter Außenumfangsfläche kann die erforderliche Relativbewegung (Abrichtbe­wegung) zwischen Abrichtwerkzeug (z. B. einem Abricht­diamanten) und Schleifscheibe entweder von dem Werk­zeug oder von der Schleifscheibe oder durch beide im Zusammenspiel erzeugt werden, wobei die Bewegungen durch CNC-Steuereinrichtungen mit zugehörigen Programmen gesteuert werden.When dressing grinding wheels with a cylindrical or otherwise profiled outer peripheral surface, the required relative movement (dressing movement) between the dressing tool (e.g. a dressing diamond) and the grinding wheel can be generated either by the tool or by the grinding wheel or by both in combination, the movements controlled by CNC control devices with associated programs.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, bildet beim Abrichten einer Profilschleifscheibe 1 die Längsachse 2 eines Abricht­werkzeuges 3 mit der Drehachse 4 der Schleifscheibe einen Winkel α₀, der von der zu erzeugenden Profilform am Schleifscheibenumfang abhängig ist. Die Fig. 1 zeigt drei verschiedene Stellungen des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Winkeln α₀. Bei zylind­rischem Schleifscheibenumfang (vergl. in Fig. 1 das Abrichtwerkzeug 3ʹ) beträgt der Winkel α₀ z. B. 95°, d.h. das Abrichtwerkzeug steht etwa senkrecht zur Dreh­achse 4 der Schleifscheibe 1. Bei anderen Profilformen werden andere Winkel α₀ eingestellt, so daß das Ab­richtwerkzeug entsprechend geschwenkt werden muß (vergl. 3ʺ).As can be seen from FIG. 1, when a profile grinding wheel 1 is dressed, the longitudinal axis 2 of a dressing tool 3 forms one with the axis of rotation 4 of the grinding wheel Angle α₀, which depends on the profile shape to be generated on the circumference of the grinding wheel. Fig. 1 shows three different positions of the dressing tool 3, each with different angles α₀. With a cylindrical grinding wheel circumference (cf. in FIG. 1, the dressing tool 3ʹ), the angle α₀ z. B. 95 °, ie the dressing tool is approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation 4 of the grinding wheel 1. In other profile shapes, other angles α₀ are set, so that the dressing tool must be pivoted accordingly (cf. 3ʺ).

in Fig. 1 die Stellung der beiden Abrichtwerkzeuge 3 und Wie dargestellt, hat die Schneide 5 des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 eine im wesentlichen kreisförmige Querschnittsform. Beim Verschwenken des Abrichtwerkzeugs während des Ab­richtvorganges verläuft die Schwenkachse 6 durch den Kreismittelpunkt der Schneide 5. Dadurch erreicht man, daß beim Schwenken des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 keine Form­verzerrungen am Abrichtprofil entstehen. Der Kreismittel­punkt der Schneide 5, durch den die Schwenkachse 6 des Abrichtwerkzeuges verläuft, folgt während des Abricht­vorganges in äquidistanter Entfernung dem zu erzeugen­den Profil, wobei diese Entfernung gleich dem Radius des die Spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges erzeugenden Kreises ist.in Fig. 1, the position of the two dressing tools 3 and As shown, the cutting edge 5 of the dressing tool 3 has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. When the dressing tool is pivoted during the dressing process, the pivot axis 6 runs through the center of the circle of the cutting edge 5. This ensures that there are no shape distortions on the dressing profile when the dressing tool 3 is pivoted. The center point of the cutting edge 5, through which the swivel axis 6 of the dressing tool runs, follows the profile to be produced at an equidistant distance during the dressing process, this distance being equal to the radius of the circle producing the tip of the dressing tool.

Wie Fig. 2a zeigt, wird weiterhin das Abrichtwerkzeug 3 so angeordnet, daß seine Achse 2 mit dem zum Angriffs­punkt 7 des Werkzeuges 3 gerichteten Radius 8 der Schleif­scheibe 1 einen Winkel von α₁ (beispielsweise 5°) ein­schließt. Man nennt diese Anordnung des Abrichtwerk­ zeuges 3 mit Bezug auf die Drehrichtung D der Schleif­scheibe 1 auch "ziehend".As shown in Fig. 2a, the dressing tool 3 is further arranged so that its axis 2 includes an angle of α₁ (for example 5 °) with the radius 8 of the grinding wheel 1 directed towards the point of application 7 of the tool 3. This arrangement of the dressing unit is called witness 3 with respect to the direction of rotation D of the grinding wheel 1 also "pulling".

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Schwenkachse 6 des Abricht­werkzeugs 3 mit Bezug auf den Schleifscheibenumfang nicht genau tangential am Angriffspunkt 7 eingestellt, sondern unter einem Winkel von α₂ zur Tangente. Werden α₁ und α₂ in etwa gleich gewählt, so fällt der Mittel­punkt und damit auch die Mittellinie der Spitze 5 des Abrichtwerkzeuges etwa mit der Schwenkachse zusammen. Dadurch wird beim Schwenken des Abrichtwerkzeuges, z.B. an einem zylindrischen Außenumfangsteil der Schleif­scheibe stets die gleiche Projektion des die Spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges bestimmenden Kreises wirksam, d.h. der Abstand a in Fig. 2a bleibt erhalten. Hierdurch wird eine "Welligkeit" an der abzurichtenden Schleif­scheibenfläche vermieden.According to the pivot axis 6 of the dressing tool 3 is not set exactly tangentially at the point of application 7 with respect to the grinding wheel circumference, but at an angle of α₂ to the tangent. If α₁ and α₂ are chosen approximately the same, the center point and thus the center line of the tip 5 of the dressing tool coincide approximately with the pivot axis. As a result, when the dressing tool is pivoted, e.g. on a cylindrical outer peripheral part of the grinding wheel, the same projection of the circle determining the tip of the dressing tool is always effective, i.e. the distance a in Fig. 2a is retained. This avoids "ripple" on the grinding wheel surface to be dressed.

Bei dem in Fig. 2b dargestellten Abrichtgerät 10 ist in einem Lagergestell 11 ein Schwenkarm 12 um die bereits erwähnte Schwenkachse 6 mittels Kugellagern 13 schwenk­bar gelagert. Eine mit dem Schwenkarm 12 fest verbun­dene, in den Kugellagern 13 gelagerte Welle 14 wird von einem nicht dargestellten Motor über einen Riemen 15 und eine Riemenscheibe 16 angetrieben. Der Antrieb er­folgt CNC-gesteuert, so daß dem Schwenkarm genau definierte Winkelpositionen mitgeteilt werden können. Das Lagergestell 11 ist seinerseits mit einem im einzelnen nicht gezeichneten Maschinentisch 17 fest verbunden, der in an sich bekannter Weise mit Bezug auf die Schleifscheibe 1 nach mindestens zwei Rich­tungen hin einstellbar ist. Der Schwenkarm 12 hat die Gestalt einer Kurbel.In the dressing device 10 shown in FIG. 2b, a swivel arm 12 is mounted in a bearing frame 11 so that it can pivot about the swivel axis 6 already mentioned by means of ball bearings 13. A shaft 14, which is fixedly connected to the swivel arm 12 and is supported in the ball bearings 13, is driven by a motor (not shown) via a belt 15 and a pulley 16. The drive is CNC controlled so that precisely defined angular positions can be communicated to the swivel arm. The storage rack 11 is in turn firmly connected to a machine table 17, not shown in detail, which can be adjusted in a manner known per se with respect to the grinding wheel 1 in at least two directions. The swivel arm 12 has the shape of a crank.

Am freien Ende 18 des Schwenkarms 12 ist freitragend eine Welle 19 drehbar angeordnet, die an ihrem freien Ende fest mit einem Revolver 20 verbunden ist. Im Re­volver 20 sind außer dem Abrichtwerkzeug 3 noch drei weitere Abrichtwerkzeuge 21, 22, 23 fest angeordnet, wobei jedes Abrichtwerkzeug in einem eigenen Werkzeug­halter 24 eingespannt sein kann, der seinerseits aus­gerichtet mit dem Körper des Revolvers 20 verbunden ist. Der Revolver 20 ist damit um die Achse der Welle 19 drehbar, wobei diese Achse parallel zu und im Ab­stand von der Schwenkachse 6 des Schwenkarms 12 ver­läuft. Somit können abwechselnd verschiedene Abricht­werkzeuge an der Schleifscheibe 1 in Position gebracht werden.At the free end 18 of the swivel arm 12, a shaft 19 is rotatably arranged in a self-supporting manner and is fixedly connected to a revolver 20 at its free end. In addition to the dressing tool 3, three further dressing tools 21, 22, 23 are fixedly arranged in the turret 20, wherein each dressing tool can be clamped in its own tool holder 24, which in turn is aligned with the body of the turret 20. The turret 20 is thus rotatable about the axis of the shaft 19, this axis running parallel to and at a distance from the pivot axis 6 of the pivot arm 12. Different dressing tools can thus be brought into position alternately on the grinding wheel 1.

Die Welle 19 ist an ihrem dem Revolver 20 abgekehrten Ende fest mit einer Nutenscheibe 25 verbunden, an deren freiliegender Rückseite eine Ausnehmung in Gestalt einer Kreuznut 26 ausgebildet ist, vergl. Fig. 3 und 8.At its end facing away from the turret 20, the shaft 19 is firmly connected to a grooved washer 25, on the exposed rear side of which a recess in the form of a cross groove 26 is formed, see FIGS. 3 and 8.

Außerdem ist die Welle 19 im Ende 18 des Schwenkarms 12 gleitverschieblich und wird von einem Federpaket 27 (in Fig. 2b nach links) in ihre Normallage vorgespannt. Zwischen dem eigentlichen Körper des Revolvers und einem später noch zu beschreibenden Justierteil 28 des Schwenkarms ist eine Zentrierverzahnung 29 ausgebildet. Wenn die Welle 19 gegen die Wirkung des Federpakets 27 aus ihrer Normallage heraus (in Fig. 2b nach rechts) ver­schoben wird, gelangt die Verzahnung 29 außer Eingriff, so daß der Revolver 20 und die von ihm getragenen Ab­richtwerkzeuge verdreht werden können.In addition, the shaft 19 is slidably displaceable in the end 18 of the swivel arm 12 and is biased into its normal position by a spring assembly 27 (to the left in FIG. 2b). A centering toothing 29 is formed between the actual body of the revolver and an adjusting part 28 of the swivel arm to be described later. If the shaft 19 is moved out of its normal position (to the right in FIG. 2b) against the action of the spring assembly 27, the toothing 29 disengages so that the turret 20 and the dressing tools carried by it can be rotated.

Im Lagergestell 11 des Schwenkarms 12 ist ein Index­stift 31 gegen den Druck einer Feder 32 gleitverschieb­lich gelagert. Der Stift 31 ist mit einem Kolben 33 verbunden, der über eine Bchrung 34 mit einem Druck­medium, z.B. Druckluft beaufschlagbar ist, so daß der Stift aus dem Lagergestell 11 (in Fig. 2b nach rechts) austritt. Der Indexstift 31 kann dabei in die Kreuz­nut 26 eintreten und hierdurch die Nutenscheibe 25 und mit ihr den Revolver 20 relativ zum Lagergestell 11 fixieren. Weiterhin wird durch den am Boden der Kreuz­nut anschlagenden Stift 31 die Welle 19 verschoben, so daß die Verzahnung 29 außer Eingriff gelangt.In the bearing frame 11 of the swivel arm 12, an index pin 31 is slidably mounted against the pressure of a spring 32. The pin 31 is connected to a piston 33 which is connected to a pressure medium, e.g. Compressed air can be acted on, so that the pin emerges from the storage rack 11 (to the right in FIG. 2b). The index pin 31 can enter the cross groove 26 and thereby fix the washer 25 and with it the turret 20 relative to the storage rack 11. Furthermore, the shaft 19 is displaced by the pin 31 striking the bottom of the cross groove, so that the toothing 29 disengages.

Es werde angenommen, daß der Indexstift 31 in einen der Arme der Kreuznut 26 eingetreten ist und die Ver­zahnung 29 gelöst hat. Wenn nun bei hierdurch fixiertem Revolver 20 der Schwenkarm 12 um die Schwenkachse 6 verschwenkt wird, findet eine Relativverstellung zwischen dem Schwenkarm 12 und dem am Lagergestell fixierten Re­volver 20 statt. Hierdurch kann ein neues Abrichtwerk­zeug in Stellung gebracht werden.It is assumed that the index pin 31 has entered one of the arms of the cross groove 26 and has loosened the toothing 29. If the swivel arm 12 is now pivoted about the swivel axis 6 with the turret 20 fixed thereby, a relative adjustment takes place between the swivel arm 12 and the turret 20 fixed to the bearing frame. In this way, a new dressing tool can be brought into position.

Dieser Vorgang wird anhand von Fig. 3, 4 und 5 näher erläutert. In Fig. 3 befindet sich der Schwenkarm in seiner normalen Position. Das Abrichtwerkzeug 3 greift an der Schleifscheibe 1 an. Die Schwenkachse 6 des Schwenkarms 12 verläuft durch den Mittelpunkt der kreis­förmigen Spitze 5 des Abrichtwerkzeugs 3. Die Lage des Indexstiftes 31 und der Kreuznut 26 sind gestrichelt angedeutet. der Revolver 20 ist in Richtung des Pfeiles R, der Schwenkarm 12 in Richtung des Pfeiles S schwenk­bar. Durch eine numerisch gesteuerte Schwenkbewegung gelangt zunächst der Schwenkarm 12 in die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Position, in welcher der Indexstift 31 in einen Arm der Kreuznut 26 eintritt und hierdurch den Revolver 20 fixiert sowie die Verzahnung 29 löst. Nunmehr wird der Schwenkarm 12 bei fixiertem Revolver 20 weiterhin in Richtung des Pfeiles S verschwenkt, wodurch eine Relativverdrehung zwischen Revolver 20 und Schwenkarm 12 hervorgerufen wird. Durch diese Relativbewegung gelangt das Werkzeug 21 an die Stelle des Werkzeuges 3, während das Werkzeug 3 die frühere Position des Werkzeuges 23 einnimmt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, allein unter Zuhilfenahme der nume­rischen Steuerung des Schwenkarms 12 und des Index­stiftes 31 das Abrichtwerkzeug zu wechseln. Nach be­endetem Wechselvorgang werden der Indexstift 31 zu­rückgezogen und der Schwenkarm in seine normale Be­triebslage zurückgeführt. Beim Zurückziehen des Index­stiftes 31 wird das neue Abrichtwerkzeug 21 durch die Verzahnung 29 zentriert.This process is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. In Fig. 3 the swivel arm is in its normal position. The dressing tool 3 engages the grinding wheel 1. The pivot axis 6 of the pivot arm 12 runs through the center of the circular tip 5 of the dressing tool 3. The position of the index pin 31 and the cross groove 26 are indicated by dashed lines. the turret 20 is pivotable in the direction of arrow R, the swivel arm 12 in the direction of arrow S. Through a numerically controlled swivel movement 4, the swivel arm 12 first reaches the position shown in FIG. 4, in which the index pin 31 enters an arm of the cross groove 26 and thereby fixes the turret 20 and releases the toothing 29. Now the swivel arm 12 is still pivoted in the direction of arrow S when the turret 20 is fixed, as a result of which a relative rotation between the turret 20 and the swivel arm 12 is brought about. As a result of this relative movement, the tool 21 takes the place of the tool 3, while the tool 3 assumes the former position of the tool 23. In this way it is possible to change the dressing tool solely with the aid of the numerical control of the swivel arm 12 and the index pin 31. After the changing process, the index pin 31 is withdrawn and the swivel arm is returned to its normal operating position. When the index pin 31 is withdrawn, the new dressing tool 21 is centered by the toothing 29.

Wie sich aus Fig. 3 und insbesondere der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Rückansicht des Schwenkarms 12 ergibt, weist dieser neben der Nutenscheibe 25 eine Ausnehmung 35 auf, in welche der ferngesteuerte Indexstift 31 bei entsprechender Winkelposition des Schwenkarms 12 be­darfsweise eingeführt werden kann. Hierdurch kann der Schwenkarm in Normallage mit Bezug auf seinen Schwenk­antrieb spielfrei arretiert werden, wodurch ein besonders genaues Abrichten der zylindrischen Mantelfläche einer Schleifscheibe möglich wird.As can be seen from FIG. 3 and in particular the rear view of the swivel arm 12 shown in FIG. 8, the swivel arm 12 has a recess 35 in addition to the grooved washer 25, into which the remote-controlled index pin 31 can be inserted if necessary with a corresponding angular position of the swivel arm 12. As a result, the swivel arm can be locked in the normal position with respect to its swivel drive without play, which enables a particularly precise dressing of the cylindrical outer surface of a grinding wheel.

Die Fig. 6 zeigt ein nach Abrichten einer Schleifscheibe abgenutztes Abrichtwerkzeug 3. Die ursprünglich kreis­runde, strichpunktiert dargestellte "Spitze" des Ab­richtwerkzeugs 3 hat infolge Abnutzung eine wellen­ förmige Gestalt angenommen. Wenn sich letztere inner­halb bestimmter Toleranzen hält, beispielsweise inner­halb der in Fig. 6 eingezeichneten Kreisbögen 5ʹ und 5ʺ, kann das Abrichtwerkzeug 3 weiterverwendet werden. Aller­dings ist dann eine erneute Justierung erforderlich, um den Mittelpunkt der Kreisbögen 5ʹ und 5ʺ in Deckung mit der Schwenkachse des Schwenkarms 12 zu bringen. Wie aus Fig. 6 hervorgeht, ist der Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogens 5 ursprünglich mit der Schwenkachse 6 in Deckung. Der mit dem Bezugszeichen 6ʹ bezeichnete Mittelpunkt der Kreis­bögen 5ʹ und 5ʺ ist gegenüber dem mit dem Bezugszeichen 6 bezeichneten Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogens 5 um ΔH und ΔS nach unten bzw. rechts verschoben. Um zu erreichen, daß die tatsächliche Schwenkachse des Schwenkarms 12 mit dem neuen Kreismittelpunkt 6ʹ zusammenfällt, muß das Abrichtwerkzeug 3 um ΔH und ΔS entsprechend neu justiert werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist in der Lage, auch diese Neujustierung automatisch aus­zuführen, was nachstehend anhand von Fig. 2b und 7 bis 9 erläutert wird.FIG. 6 shows a dressing tool 3 that has worn out after dressing a grinding wheel. The originally circular, dash-dotted line “tip” of the dressing tool 3 has waves due to wear shaped shape. If the latter remains within certain tolerances, for example within the circular arcs 5ʹ and 5ʺ shown in FIG. 6, the dressing tool 3 can continue to be used. However, a new adjustment is then required in order to bring the center of the arcs 5ʺ and 5ʺ into alignment with the swivel axis of the swivel arm 12. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the center point of the circular arc 5 is initially in register with the pivot axis 6. The center of the circular arcs 5ʹ and 5ʺ, designated by the reference numeral 6ʹ, is shifted downward and rightward by ΔH and ΔS with respect to the center of the circular arc 5, designated by the reference numeral 6. In order to ensure that the actual swivel axis of the swivel arm 12 coincides with the new circle center 6 das, the dressing tool 3 has to be readjusted accordingly by ΔH and ΔS. The device according to the invention is also able to carry out this readjustment automatically, which is explained below with reference to FIGS. 2b and 7 to 9.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt eine gegenüber Fig. 2b im wesentlichen um 90° verdrehte Ansicht. Das bereits erwähnte Justier­teil 28 des Schwenkarms 12 ist über Bolzen 36, 37 (Fig. 2b) so­wie Federn 38, 39 mit dem übrigen Schwenkarm 12 lose verspannt und somit zum übrigen Schwenkarm geringfügig beweglich. Zwischen dem Justierteil 28 und dem übrigen Schwenkarm 12 ist - vergl. Fig. 7 und 9 - in entsprechen­den Nuten der Teile 12 und 28 eine geradlinige Reihe von Kugeln 41 angeordnet, die insgesamt eine lineare Kugel­führung bilden und einerseits eine begrenzte Verschie­bung des Justierteils 28 entlang der Achse der Kugel­führung sowie andererseits eine begrenzte Verschwenkung um diese Achse ermöglichen, wobei das Maximalmaß der Ver­ schwenkung vom Zwischenraum zwischen den Teilen 12 und 28 abhängt. Die erwähnte translatorische Verschiebung erfolgt in Fig. 7 senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene und in Fig. 2b in der Zeichnungsebene, also von unten nach oben oder umgekehrt. Aufgrund dieser Beweglichkeit des Justierteils 28 können die im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 6 erläuterten Abweichungen ΔH und ΔS korrigiert wer­den, und zwar die Abweichung ΔH mittels translato­rischer Verstellung des Justierteils 28 entlang der Achse der Kugelführung und die Abweichung ΔS durch Verschwenken des Justierteils 28 um diese Achse. Wegen des Federpakets 27 kann die mit etwas Spiel im Schwenk­arm 12 verlaufende Welle 19 diese (geringfügigen) Ver­stellbewegungen mitmachen.FIG. 7 shows a view essentially rotated by 90 ° compared to FIG. 2b. The adjustment part 28 of the swivel arm 12 already mentioned is loosely clamped to the rest of the swivel arm 12 by means of bolts 36, 37 (FIG. 2b) and springs 38, 39 and is therefore slightly movable relative to the rest of the swivel arm. 7 and 9 - a straight line of balls 41 is arranged in corresponding grooves of the parts 12 and 28, which overall form a linear ball guide and on the one hand a limited displacement of the adjusting part 28 along the the axis of the ball guide and on the other hand allow a limited pivoting about this axis, the maximum dimension of Ver pivoting depends on the space between parts 12 and 28. The translatory shift mentioned takes place in FIG. 7 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and in FIG. 2b in the plane of the drawing, that is to say from bottom to top or vice versa. Due to this mobility of the adjustment part 28, the deviations ΔH and ΔS explained in connection with FIG. 6 can be corrected, namely the deviation ΔH by means of translatory adjustment of the adjustment part 28 along the axis of the ball guide and the deviation ΔS by pivoting the adjustment part 28 about this axis . Because of the spring assembly 27, the shaft 19 running with a little play in the swivel arm 12 can participate in these (slight) adjustment movements.

Wie aus Fig. 7 hervorgeht, ist im Schwenkarm 12 eine Welle 42 drehbar und axial unverschieblich gelagert, die an ihrem frei in den Justierteil 28 ragenden Ende einen Exzenter 43 trägt. Der Exzenter 43 liegt gemäß Fig. 9 an einem im Justierteil 28 angeordneten Zylin­derstift 44 an, der sich seinerseits an einem Gewinde­stift 45 abstützt. Wenn somit die Welle 42 gedreht wird, erfolgt eine translatorische Verschiebung des Justierteils 28 (und damit des Abrichtwerkzeugs 3) relativ zum übrigen Schwenkarm 12.As can be seen from FIG. 7, a shaft 42 is rotatably and axially immovably mounted in the swivel arm 12 and carries an eccentric 43 at its end which projects freely into the adjusting part 28. According to FIG. 9, the eccentric 43 lies against a cylindrical pin 44 arranged in the adjusting part 28, which in turn is supported on a threaded pin 45. If the shaft 42 is thus rotated, the adjusting part 28 (and thus the dressing tool 3) is displaced translationally relative to the rest of the swivel arm 12.

Zur Herbeiführung der erwähnten Verschwenkung des Justierteils 28 ist im Schwenkarm 12 (vergl. Fig. 7) weiterhin eine Gewindespindel 46 drehbar gelagert, an deren dem Justierteil 28 zugewandten Ende taumelnd eine Stelze 47 abgestützt ist. Diese Stelze 47 stützt sich weiterhin in einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung des Justierteils 28 ab. Wenn somit die Gewindespindel 46 verdreht wird, erfolgt durch die damit verbundene Axialverschiebung der Stelze 27 eine Verschwenkung des Justierteils 28 um die Achse der Kugelführung.To bring about the mentioned pivoting of the adjusting part 28, a threaded spindle 46 is rotatably mounted in the swivel arm 12 (see FIG. 7), on whose end facing the adjusting part 28 a stilt 47 is supported in a wobbling manner. This stilt 47 continues to be supported in a corresponding recess in the adjusting part 28. If the threaded spindle 46 is thus rotated, the associated axial displacement of the stilt 27 causes the adjusting part 28 to pivot about the axis of the ball guide.

Um die für eine präzise Nachjustierung des Abricht­werkzeuges 3 erforderlichen Drehbewegungen der Welle 42 und der Gewindespindel 46 automatisch ausführen zu können, ist mit den aus dem Schwenkarm 12 herausragen­den Enden der Welle 42 und der Gewindespindel 46 je­weils ein Hebelarm 48 bzw. 49 drehfest verbunden, vergl. Fig. 7 und 8. Wenn bei ausgefahrenem Indexstift 31 (in Fig. 7 und 8 strichpunktiert dargestellt) der Schwenk­arm 12 CNC-gesteuert um seine Schwenkachse 6 verschwenkt wird, können die Hebelarme 48, 49 zum Anschlag an den Stift 31 gebracht werden, wodurch jeweils eine Drehbe­wegung der Welle 42 bzw. der Gewindespindel 46 ausge­löst werden kann, was dann wiederum in der beschrie­benen Weise zur Korrektur der Abweichungen ΔH bzw. ΔS ausgenutzt werden kann.In order to be able to automatically carry out the rotary movements of the shaft 42 and the threaded spindle 46 required for a precise readjustment of the dressing tool 3, a lever arm 48 or 49 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the ends of the shaft 42 and the threaded spindle 46 protruding from the swivel arm 12, cf. 7 and 8. If the swivel arm 12 is pivoted about its swivel axis 6 in a CNC-controlled manner when the index pin 31 is extended (shown in broken lines in FIGS. 7 and 8), the lever arms 48, 49 can be brought to a stop against the pin 31, whereby in each case a rotary movement of the shaft 42 or the threaded spindle 46 can be triggered, which in turn can then be used to correct the deviations ΔH or ΔS in the manner described.

Wie Fig. 2b zeigt, ist mit dem Körper des Revolvers 20 eine Schutzkappe verbunden, die sich frei über den Justierteil 28 hinwegerstreckt und unter Zwischenschaltung einer Dichtung 52 nachgiebig am Schwenkarm 12 so abge­stützt ist, daß die Schutzhaube 51 die Verstellbewegungen des Revolvers 20 und des Justierteils 28 nicht behindert.As shown in FIG. 2b, a protective cap is connected to the body of the turret 20, which extends freely over the adjusting part 28 and is flexibly supported on the swivel arm 12 with the interposition of a seal 52 in such a way that the protective hood 51 adjusts the adjusting movements of the turret 20 and the Adjustment part 28 is not hindered.

Wie in Fig. 10 halbschematisch dargestellt, ist an dem (verschieblich am Maschinentisch angeordneten) Lagerge­stell 11 des Schwenkarms 12 eine als seitlich abstehender Anschlag 53 ausgebildete, kugelförmige Referenzfläche 54 angeordnet, die, wie durch die strichpunktierte Linie 55 angedeutet, mit der Spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 fluchtet. Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Anschlag 53 mit seiner Referenzfläche 54 höheneinstellbar am Lagerge­stell 11 angeordnet, so daß diese mit dem Abrichtwerk­ zeug 3 genau ausgefluchtet werden kann. Mit einem die Schleifscheibe 1 in an sich bekannter Weise um­schließenden, als Schutzhaube dienenden Schleifspin­delkasten 56 ist das Gehäuse 57 eines Meßfühlers 58 verbunden, dessen in an sich bekannter Weise axial verschieblicher Abtaststift 59 mit einer planen Fläche 50 der kugelförmigen Referenzfläche 54 zugekehrt ist. Das Gehäuse 57 ist vorzugsweise ebenfalls höhenverschieblich am Kasten 56 angeordnet, so daß es im normalen Betrieb der Schleifmaschine außer Weges gebracht werden kann. Die Höhenverschiebung des Meßfühlers 58 kann automatisch durch ein Druckmedium oder elektromechanisch erfolgen.As shown semi-schematically in FIG. 10, a spherical reference surface 54, which is designed as a laterally projecting stop 53, is arranged on the bearing frame 11 of the swivel arm 12 (which is arranged displaceably on the machine table) and, as indicated by the dash-dotted line 55, with the tip of the dressing tool 3 is aligned. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the stop 53 with its reference surface 54 is arranged on the storage rack 11 so that it can be adjusted in height, so that the latter with the dressing unit Stuff 3 can be precisely aligned. With a grinding headstock 56, which surrounds the grinding wheel 1 in a known manner and serves as a protective hood, the housing 57 of a sensor 58 is connected, the sensing pin 59 of which, in a manner known per se, faces a flat surface 50 of the spherical reference surface 54. The housing 57 is preferably also vertically displaceable on the box 56 so that it can be moved out of the way during normal operation of the grinding machine. The height shift of the sensor 58 can be done automatically by a pressure medium or electromechanically.

Mit Hilfe des Abtaststiftes 59 des in Arbeitsstellung gebrachten Meßfühlers 58 kann die Position der Diamant­spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 im Vergleich zur Refe­renzfläche 54 genau vermessen werden. Hierzu wird durch Verschieben des Lagergestelles 11 das Abricht­werkzeug 3 in die in Fig. 10 strichpunktiert darge­stellte Position verbracht.The position of the diamond tip of the dressing tool 3 can be measured precisely in comparison to the reference surface 54 with the aid of the scanning pin 59 of the sensor 58 brought into the working position. For this purpose, the dressing tool 3 is moved into the position shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 10 by moving the storage rack 11.

Wird während des Anliegens des Abtaststiftes 59 an der Spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 der Schwenkarm 12 um seine Schwenkachse 6 verschwenkt, die, wie oben ausgeführt, zur Spitze des Abrichtwerkzeuges 3 zentriert ist, so lassen sich Verschleißerscheinungen und Dejustie­rungen dieser Spitze leicht feststellen und in bekannter Weise aufzeichnen. Man gewinnt hierdurch insbeson­dere speicherbare Daten für die in Fig. 6 darge­stellte, abgenutzte Form der Werkzeugspitze, die dann zur Berechnung der Kreisbögen 5ʹ sowie 5ʺ heran­gezogen werden können, so daß man letztenendes ein einfaches Verfahren zur Hand hat, um auch die Werte für die Abweichungen ΔH und ΔS automatisch zu ge­winnen und hieraus die erforderlichen Stellbefehle für die oben beschriebene, CNC-gesteuerte Fein­justierung des Abrichtwerkzeuges abzuleiten.If the pivot arm 12 is pivoted about its pivot axis 6, which, as stated above, is centered on the tip of the dressing tool 3, while the scanning pin 59 is in contact with the tip of the dressing tool 3, then signs of wear and misalignments of this tip can be easily determined and in a known manner record. This gives, in particular, storable data for the worn shape of the tool tip shown in FIG. 6, which can then be used to calculate the arcs 5ʹ and 5ʺ, so that one ends up has a simple procedure at hand to also automatically obtain the values for the deviations ΔH and ΔS and to derive the necessary setting commands for the above-described, CNC-controlled fine adjustment of the dressing tool.

Das beschriebene Abrichtgerät kann, wie beschrieben, fest auf dem in üblicher Weise verschieblichen Maschinen­tisch 17 angeordnet sein. Dann ist für die beschriebenen Verstell- und Justierbewegungen lediglich die CNC-ge­steuerte Schwenkbewegung des Schwenkarms 12 um seine Achse 6 erforderlich, weil die anderen Bewegungen vom Maschinentisch ausgeführt werden können. Das Abricht­gerät kann bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfin­dung jedoch auch "über Kopf", d.h. um 180° verdreht nach unten gerichtet direkt am Schleifspindelkasten 56 befestigt sein. In diesem Falle sind zur Durchführung der Abrichtung zwei weitere translatorische Verstell­achsen erforderlich.The described dressing device can, as described, be arranged fixedly on the machine table 17 which can be moved in the usual manner. Then only the CNC-controlled swivel movement of the swivel arm 12 about its axis 6 is required for the described adjustment and adjustment movements, because the other movements can be carried out by the machine table. In another embodiment of the invention, however, the dressing device can also be "overhead", i.e. rotated downward by 180 ° and fastened directly to the grinding spindle box 56. In this case, two additional translational adjustment axes are required to carry out the dressing.

Anstelle eines ortsfesten Abrichtwerkzeuges (Diamant­spitze) kann auch ein umlaufendes Abrichtwerkzeug, z.B. eine Diamantformrolle, in den Revolver 20 einge­setzt werden. Ferner können in den Revolver nötigen­falls auch Anschläge, z.B. ein Anschlag für ein Bezugs­normal eines Meßgerätes eingesetzt werden.Instead of a stationary dressing tool (diamond tip), a circumferential dressing tool, e.g. a diamond roller in which turret 20 are inserted. If necessary, stops, e.g. a stop for a reference standard of a measuring device can be used.

Bei dem beschriebenen Abrichtgerät ist es von Vorteil, daß keine Zuleitungen für elektrischen Strom, Druck­medien oder dergleichen die Schwenkbewegungen des Schwenkarmes mit ausführen müssen.In the dressing device described, it is advantageous that no feed lines for electrical current, pressure media or the like have to carry out the pivoting movements of the pivoting arm.

Die beschriebene, mit Hilfe der Welle 42 bzw. der Gewindespindel 46 ausgeführte Feinjustierung kann nicht nur zum Justieren eines durch Verschleiß ab­genutzten Abrichtwerkzeuges ausgenutzt werden, son­dern auch dann, wenn insgesamt ein anderer Revolver 20 mit anderen Abrichtwerkzeugen an den Schwenkarm 12 angesetzt wird.The fine adjustment described, carried out with the aid of the shaft 42 or the threaded spindle 46, can be used not only to adjust a dressing tool that is worn through wear, but also when a different turret 20 with other dressing tools is attached to the swivel arm 12.

Claims (15)

1. CNC-gesteuerte Schleifmaschine mit einer rotierend angetriebenen Schleifscheibe, mit wenigstens einem relativ zur Schleifscheibe beweglichen Abricht­werkzeug, wobei dieses Werkzeug eine an der Schleif­scheibe angreifende Schneide von im wesentlichen kreisförmiger Querschnittsform hat, und mit einem das Abrichtwerkzeug tragenden Schwenkarm, der in einem Lagergestell schwenkbar gelagert und durch ge­steuerte Antriebsmittel um eine durch den Kreis­mittelpunkt der Schneide gehende CNC-Schwenkachse verdrehbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an einem drehbar am Schwenkarm (12) gelagerten Revolver (20) wenigstens zwei Abrichtwerkzeuge (3, 21) befestigt sind, und die Drehachse (19) des Revolvers parallel zu und im Abstand von der CNC-­Schwenkachse (6) verläuft,
daß die Fortschaltung des Revolvers von der Ver­drehbewegung des Schwenkarms um dessen CNC-Schwenk­achse abgeleitet ist,
und daß hierzu im Revolver eine Ausnehmung (26) aus­gebildet ist, in die ein im Lagergestell (11) des Schwenkarms axial verschieblicher Indexstift (31) derart einführbar ist, daß bei Verdrehung des Schwenk­arms der durch den Stift festgehaltene Revolver eine relative Drehbewegung ausführt, durch die ein anderes Abrichtwerkzeug in Arbeitsstellung gelangt.1. CNC-controlled grinding machine with a rotationally driven grinding wheel, with at least one dressing tool movable relative to the grinding wheel, this tool having a cutting edge which engages the grinding wheel and has a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, and with a swivel arm which carries the dressing tool and which can be pivoted in a storage rack stored and rotated by controlled drive means about a CNC swivel axis passing through the center of the cutting edge,
characterized,
that at least two dressing tools (3, 21) are attached to a revolver (20) rotatably mounted on the swivel arm (12), and the axis of rotation (19) of the revolver runs parallel to and at a distance from the CNC swivel axis (6),
that the indexing of the turret is derived from the twisting movement of the swivel arm about its CNC swivel axis,
and that for this purpose a recess (26) is formed in the turret, into which an index pin (31) axially displaceable in the bearing frame (11) of the swivel arm can be inserted such that when the swivel arm is rotated, the turret held by the pin executes a relative rotational movement another dressing tool comes into the working position. 2. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Revolver (20) vier Abrichtwerk­zeuge (3, 21, 22, 23) trägt, und die den Indexstift (31) aufnehmende Ausnehmung (26) als Kreuznut aus­gebildet ist.2. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the turret (20) carries four dressing tools (3, 21, 22, 23), and the recess (26) receiving the index pin (31) is designed as a cross groove. 3. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Revolver (20) normalerweise durch Federdruck (27) mit dem Schwenkarm (12) verriegelt (29) ist und der Indexstift (31) nach seinem Ein­dringen in die Ausnehmung (26) diese Verriegelung (29) aufhebt, so daß der Revolver fortgeschaltet werden kann.3. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the turret (20) is normally locked by spring pressure (27) with the swivel arm (12) (29) and the index pin (31) after its penetration into the recess (26) this locking (29) picks up so that the revolver can be advanced. 4. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Revolver (20) an einem Justier­teil (28) gelagert ist, das zur Feinjustierung der Ab­richtwerkzeuge (3,21,22,23) nach zwei Richtungen (ΔH,ΔS) hin am Schwenkarm (12) verstellbar ist, daß diese Verstellbewegung von der Verdrehbewegung des Schwenk­arms um dessen CNC-Schwenkachse (6) abgeleitet ist, und daß hierzu Stellglieder (42, 46) vorgesehen sind, die beim Verdrehen des Schwenkarms an Anschlägen (31) anschlagen und hierdurch die Verstellbewegung auslösen.4. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the turret (20) is mounted on an adjusting part (28) which for fine adjustment of the dressing tools (3,21,22,23) in two directions (ΔH, ΔS) on the swivel arm (12) is adjustable that this adjustment movement is derived from the rotational movement of the swivel arm about its CNC swivel axis (6), and that actuators (42, 46) are provided for this purpose, which strike the stops (31) when the swivel arm is rotated and thereby trigger the adjustment movement. 5. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Anschläge durch den Indexstift (31) gebildet sind.5. Grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the stops are formed by the index pin (31). 6. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß das Justierteil (28) über eine line­are Kugelführung (41) und eine Stelze (47) ver­schieblich sowie verkippbar am Schwenkarm (12) ab­gestützt ist.6. Grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the adjusting part (28) via a linear ball guide (41) and a stilt (47) is displaceably and tiltably supported on the swivel arm (12). 7. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß als Stellglied ein drehbarer Ex­zenter (43) vorcesehen ist, durch den das Justier­teil (28) entlang der Kugelführung (41) verschieb­lich ist.7. Grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that a rotatable eccentric (43) is provided as the actuator, through which the adjusting part (28) along the ball guide (41) is displaceable. 8. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß als Stellglied eine Gewindespindel (46) vorgesehen ist, durch die das Justierteil (28) um die Achse der Kugelführung (41) verkippbar ist.8. Grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that a threaded spindle (46) is provided as the actuator, through which the adjusting part (28) about the axis of the ball guide (41) can be tilted. 9. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Exzenter (43) und der Gewindespindel (46) Hebelarme (48, 49) fest verbunden sind, die bei Verdrehung des Schwenkarms (12) am Indexstift (31) anschlagen.9. Grinding machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that with the eccentric (43) and the threaded spindle (46) lever arms (48, 49) are firmly connected, which abut upon rotation of the swivel arm (12) on the index pin (31). 10. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine Bohrung (35) am Schwenkarm (12), in welche der Indexstift (31) zwecks Arretierung des Schwenkarms einführbar ist.10. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized by a bore (35) on the swivel arm (12) into which the index pin (31) can be inserted for the purpose of locking the swivel arm. 11. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß das Lagergestell (11) des Schwenk­arms (12) an einem nach zwei Koordinatenrichtungen beweglichen Maschinentisch (17) angeordnet ist.11. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing frame (11) of the swivel arm (12) is arranged on a machine table (17) movable in two coordinate directions. 12. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß das Lagergestell (11) des Schwenk­arms (12) an einem Schlitten befestigt ist, der seinerseits nach zwei Koordinatenrichtungen beweg­lich an einem Schleifspindelkasten (56) der Schleif­maschine gelagert ist.12. Grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing frame (11) of the swivel arm (12) is fastened to a slide which in turn is movably mounted on a grinding spindle box (56) of the grinding machine in two coordinate directions. 13. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß am Lagergestell (11) des Schwenk­arms (12) in Höhe der CNC-Schwenkachse (6) eine Referenzfläche (54) und am Schleifspindelkasten (56) der Maschine ein Meßfühler (58, 59) angeord­net sind, wobei der Meßfühler wahlweise mit der Referenzfläche oder der Schneide (5) des Abricht­werkzeugs (3) in Berührung bringbar ist.13. Grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that on the bearing frame (11) of the swivel arm (12) at the level of the CNC swivel axis (6) a reference surface (54) and on the grinding spindle box (56) of the machine a sensor (58, 59) are arranged, the sensor being selectively contactable with the reference surface or the cutting edge (5) of the dressing tool (3). 14. Schleifmaschine nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Referenzfläche (54) und/oder der Meßfühler (58) höhenverstellbar ausgebildet sind.14. Grinding machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the reference surface (54) and / or the sensor (58) are designed to be height-adjustable. 15. Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Dejustierung des Ab­richtwerkzeuges an einer Schleifmaschine gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man durch Abfühlen der Positionen von Referenzfläche und Schneide des Abrichtwerkzeuges mit dem Meßfühler die Abnutzung des Abrichtwerkzeuges bestimmt, durch gleich­zeitiges Verdrehen des Schwenkarms die Abweichung der Schneidenform von der Kreisform ermittelt, und hierdurch speicherbare Daten für die Feinjustie­rung des Abrichtwerkzeuges gewinnt.15. A method for determining the misalignment of the dressing tool on a grinding machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the wear of the dressing tool is determined by sensing the positions of the reference surface and the cutting edge of the dressing tool with the sensor, by simultaneously rotating the swivel arm the deviation of the cutting edge shape of the circular shape, and thereby obtainable data for the fine adjustment of the dressing tool.
EP88102668A 1987-03-11 1988-02-24 Numerically controlled grinding machine Expired - Lifetime EP0281835B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88102668T ATE64879T1 (en) 1987-03-11 1988-02-24 CNC CONTROLLED GRINDING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3707775 1987-03-11
DE3707775A DE3707775C2 (en) 1987-03-11 1987-03-11 CNC-controlled grinding machine with a dressing device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281835A1 true EP0281835A1 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0281835B1 EP0281835B1 (en) 1991-07-03

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ID=6322760

Family Applications (1)

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EP88102668A Expired - Lifetime EP0281835B1 (en) 1987-03-11 1988-02-24 Numerically controlled grinding machine

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EP (1) EP0281835B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0780122B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE64879T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3707775C2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0341968A2 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-15 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Numerically controlled machine tool
WO1992018918A1 (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-29 Bryant Grinder Corporation Probe positioning mechanism for a radius dresser
EP0512956A1 (en) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-11 Voumard Machines Co. S.A. Numerically controlled grinding machine
WO1999030871A1 (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Memc Electronic Materials, Inc. Apparatus for dressing inside diameter saws

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10214792B4 (en) * 2002-04-04 2004-05-06 Saint-Gobain Winter Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for grinding profiles on workpieces

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US2979971A (en) * 1960-05-27 1961-04-18 Warner Swasey Co Power indexed machine tool turret
GB916294A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-01-23 Jones & Shipman A A Ltd Improvements relating to grinding wheels
DE3437682A1 (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Werkzeugmasch Okt Veb Device for dressing double-conical abrasive wheels
EP0177131A2 (en) * 1984-08-29 1986-04-09 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Orthogonal dressing of grinding wheels

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE704226C (en) * 1936-05-24 1941-03-26 Herbert Lindner Device for profiling and dressing single- or multi-profile form grinding wheels
DD96430A1 (en) * 1972-04-07 1973-03-20
JPH0224610Y2 (en) * 1986-10-24 1990-07-05

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2979971A (en) * 1960-05-27 1961-04-18 Warner Swasey Co Power indexed machine tool turret
GB916294A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-01-23 Jones & Shipman A A Ltd Improvements relating to grinding wheels
DE3437682A1 (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Werkzeugmasch Okt Veb Device for dressing double-conical abrasive wheels
EP0177131A2 (en) * 1984-08-29 1986-04-09 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Orthogonal dressing of grinding wheels

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0341968A2 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-15 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Numerically controlled machine tool
EP0341968B1 (en) * 1988-05-09 1996-09-18 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Numerically controlled machine tool
WO1992018918A1 (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-29 Bryant Grinder Corporation Probe positioning mechanism for a radius dresser
EP0512956A1 (en) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-11 Voumard Machines Co. S.A. Numerically controlled grinding machine
US5323572A (en) * 1991-05-07 1994-06-28 Voumard Machines Co. S.A. Precision grinding machine
WO1999030871A1 (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Memc Electronic Materials, Inc. Apparatus for dressing inside diameter saws

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3707775C2 (en) 1996-03-07
DE3707775A1 (en) 1988-09-22
JPH0780122B2 (en) 1995-08-30
ATE64879T1 (en) 1991-07-15
EP0281835B1 (en) 1991-07-03
JPS63232979A (en) 1988-09-28

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