EP0280056B1 - Hydraulic cold-forging press - Google Patents

Hydraulic cold-forging press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280056B1
EP0280056B1 EP88101156A EP88101156A EP0280056B1 EP 0280056 B1 EP0280056 B1 EP 0280056B1 EP 88101156 A EP88101156 A EP 88101156A EP 88101156 A EP88101156 A EP 88101156A EP 0280056 B1 EP0280056 B1 EP 0280056B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
mandrel
press
cold
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88101156A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0280056A3 (en
EP0280056A2 (en
Inventor
Günter Dipl.-Ing. Hofmann (FH)
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Rüger (FH)
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Langenstein and Schemann GmbH
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Langenstein and Schemann GmbH
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Publication of EP0280056A2 publication Critical patent/EP0280056A2/en
Publication of EP0280056A3 publication Critical patent/EP0280056A3/en
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Publication of EP0280056B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280056B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/027—Special design or construction with punches moving along auxiliary lateral directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/12—Drives for forging presses operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic cold extrusion press with stand and hydraulic fluid drive, in which an interchangeable tool part is attached to a reciprocating plate, a further interchangeable tool part is seated on a stationary table, and the tool parts which are driven against one another form a housing-like closed tool for which Back and forth movement on the plate is attacked by a piston-cylinder device attached to the stand, the table is assigned an ejector movable to and fro by means of a piston-cylinder device attached to the stand, a working piston-cylinder device for exercising Forming pressure is provided on the stand, and the working piston-cylinder device is preceded by a controlled main valve, the piston-cylinder device acting on the plate closing the tool without deformation of a workpiece therein and keeping it closed for cold extrusion, and a in the housing-like tool penetrating, the cold extrusion of the workpiece causing, replaceable mandrel is acted upon by the working piston-cylinder device.
  • a known (DE-PS 21 41 980) cold extrusion press is designed in several stages with regard to the tool.
  • the piston-cylinder device acting on the plate also serves as a working piston-cylinder device and closes the tool under cold extrusion of the workpieces located in the tool.
  • the main valve is opened for the closing of the tool and the cold extrusion, and is closed when the tool is closed and the cold extrusion is thus ended.
  • the workpiece is disadvantageously formed in several stages. Let too do not produce such workpieces in this way, in which the material of the blank must flow in cavities at right angles to the forming pressure.
  • the cold extrusion press solves this problem, characterized in that a control device working on an adjustable main valve can be set to different values for the forming path and the forming speed of the press mandrel, that the plate acted upon by the piston-cylinder device detects the press distance from one another having driver stops in a starting position before the forming stroke drags, and that the working piston-cylinder device is divided into two working units arranged one behind the other, working on the same piston rod, and only a part of the pressure fluid supplied to the working piston device is led through the main valve to the one working unit, whereas the other part of the pressure fluid is led to the other working unit without a controlled main valve is led.
  • the arrangement of the press mandrel that is movable relative to the plate is advantageous, although the press mandrel must follow the closing movement of the plate because the press mandrel works on the stationary tool and the associated working piston-cylinder device can be attached to the head of the machine.
  • the mandrel is brought into working position by means of the plate and moved back out of it, which is the Operation of the working piston-cylinder device simplified. Since unusually large amounts of pressure fluid have to be fed into the working piston-cylinder device for the forming movement of the press mandrel and the main valve cannot let these large amounts pass in the desired short time, only a part of the required pressure fluid is controlled.
  • the uncontrolled hydraulic fluid part cannot do anything by itself and is only effective together with the controlled part.
  • control device working on the main valve can be set to different values for the dwell time of the press mandrel after the press stroke.
  • This value can also be easily controlled and set in a hydraulic press.
  • Forming speed and dwell time are important for the quality of the workpiece to be manufactured.
  • the variable parameters forming path, forming speed and dwell time are taken over from the hydraulic press, which is connected with a greatly simplified device for setting different values.
  • both the press mandrel on the table and the press mandrel on the plate are provided and the control device for synchronous operation of the two Press mandrels is designed.
  • the two mandrels work against each other and there is no need to support the tool against the action of a mandrel.
  • the synchronous operation can be designed for synchronous material displacement or synchronous speed.
  • the quality of the workpiece to be produced is improved by the synchronous control.
  • the speeds of the two mandrels can, however, be adjusted independently of one another, so that a defined non-synchronism of the two mandrels is also possible.
  • a forming mandrel is attached to the stand at right angles to the direction of movement of the pressing mandrel by means of a smaller working piston-cylinder device.
  • This forming mandrel which is smaller in comparison with the press mandrel, provides the workpiece with a hole and only requires a relatively small working piston-cylinder device.
  • the two forming mandrels act in opposite directions and the control device is designed for synchronous operation of the two forming mandrels.
  • the anchoring of the tool is relieved of the force of the forming mandrel.
  • the speeds of the two forming mandrels can also be set as desired independently of one another, so that a defined non-synchronism of the two forming mandrels is possible.
  • hydraulic fluid drive is formed by a unit comprising a pump and an accumulator. This enables particularly high forming speeds achievements.
  • a cold extrusion press according to the invention is said to deliver, for example, forming speeds of up to 200 m / s. The forming process usually takes about 0.15 s.
  • the hydraulic cold extrusion press has a frame-like stand 1 with an upper cross piece, two side columns and a lower cross piece.
  • a table 2 is installed in a fixed position and a plate 4 can be moved up and down on the columns by means of a guide device 3. Precise guidance of the plate is important.
  • the plate can be moved up and down by means of two piston-cylinder devices 5 and two piston-cylinder devices 6, which are attached to the upper cross piece of the stand 1.
  • the piston-cylinder devices 5 only serve to drive the plate 4 downwards and to hold it in a clamped position.
  • the two piston-cylinder devices 6 serve, on the one hand, to drive the plate 4 downwards and hold them in a clamping position, and, on the other hand, also to move the plate back or up again.
  • this piston-cylinder device 6 becomes hydraulic fluid centrally via a telescopic rod fed.
  • the four piston-cylinder devices 5, 6 move the plate 4 without tilting into the clamping position.
  • a drive piston-cylinder device 7 is provided in the center of the upper crosspiece and comprises two working units 8, 9, both of which act on the same piston rod 10, which carries a pressing mandrel 11 at one end, which protrudes through the plate 4.
  • the one working unit 8 is supplied with pressure fluid from a branch line 13 via a main valve 12 or servo valve and the other working unit 9 is supplied with pressure fluid from a branch line 14.
  • the drive units 8, 9 each drain into the tank via a controlled valve 15, hydraulic fluid being supplied to the pistons of the two drive units 8, 9 from below.
  • a drive piston-cylinder device 16 is also provided in the center, which is also divided into two drive units 17, 18, both of which act on the same piston rod 19, which at one end carries a press mandrel 20 which passes through the table 2 protrudes.
  • the hydraulic actuation of the drive piston-cylinder device 16 is the same as that of the other drive piston-cylinder device 7.
  • the latter device is not only moved with the plate 4 for the forming stroke of the press mandrel 11, but also empty.
  • the piston rod 10 has a stop 21 on the back of the plate 4, which can be moved back and forth between two driver stops 22, 23 which are arranged at a distance from one another and which are firmly connected to the plate 4.
  • the piston rod 19 is surrounded by a tubular ejector 24, which can be moved back and forth in the table 2 and can be displaced by means of a piston-cylinder device 25 which is arranged under the table 2.
  • a tubular ejector 24 which can be moved back and forth in the table 2 and can be displaced by means of a piston-cylinder device 25 which is arranged under the table 2.
  • two forming mandrels 26 are provided relatively close to the table 2, only one of which is shown and which can each be actuated by means of a smaller working piston-cylinder device 27 to which pressure fluid is supplied via a main valve 28.
  • These forming mandrels 26 form holes in the workpiece to be produced and are generally provided in pairs acting counter to one another, one, two or more forming mandrels being provided on each side as required.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a tool 29, which consists of two tool parts 30, 31, one 30 of which is interchangeably screwed to table 2 and the other 31 is interchangeably attached to plate 4.
  • the mandrel guided in the plate 4 protrudes into a bore of the tool 29 and the mandrel 20 guided in the table 2 also protrudes into a bore of the tool, the two mandrels being arranged coaxially and acting against one another.
  • 2 shows a workpiece 32 made from a blank and bores 33 running in the parting plane between the tool parts 30, 31, through which the forming mandrels act on the workpiece.
  • the forming mandrels arranged opposite one another are arranged coaxially and act against one another.
  • a hydraulic fluid drive 34 for the drive piston-cylinder devices 7, 16, 27 comprises, according to FIG. 3, a pump 35 with a motor.
  • the pump 35 is connected via a check valve 36 to a store, on the other hand gas bottles 38 and a safety valve 39 are connected.
  • the hydraulic fluid supplied by the pump 35 in the accumulator 37 reaches a common line which is divided into two branch lines 13, 14, in each of which a connection valve 40 is provided, which opens suddenly when the accumulator is full.
  • the control device comprises a computer or computer 41, to which the respective position of the upper tool part 31 is fed by means of a displacement measuring device 42 and the respective position of the ejector 24 is fed via a displacement measuring device 43.
  • a pressure gauge 44 measures the pressure for the upper mandrel 11 on the rod side and a pressure gauge 45 measures the pressure for the lower mandrel 20 on the rod side.
  • Pressure gauges 46 and 47 each measure the pressure for the upper mandrel 11 and the lower mandrel 20 on the bottom side.
  • the movement of the press mandrels is controlled by comparing the rod-side and bottom-side pressure values.
  • the closing pressure of the tool can be determined via a pressure measuring device 48.
  • Another pressure measuring device 49 supplies the computer with the pressure emitted by the hydraulic fluid drive according to FIG. 3.
  • the computer works for the forming on the servomotor 50 of the main valve or servo valve of the upper mandrel and on the servomotor 51 of the main valve of the lower mandrel.
  • the speed of the upper tool part when closing and opening is controlled via a valve servomotor 57.
  • An actuator 52 is provided for each of the four lateral forming mandrels, which converts the movement of the forming mandrel into closing the main valve assigned to it.
  • An input device 56 is also provided for the desired mode of operation, with which the computer can, for example, select different ones Values of forming path, forming speed and dwell time of the mandrels and mandrels can be set.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine hydraulische Kaltfließpresse mit Ständer und Druckflüssigkeits-Antrieb, bei der ein auswechselbares Werkzeugteil an einer hin-und herbewegbaren Platte angebracht ist, ein weiteres auswechselbares Werkzeugteil an einem ortsfesten Tisch sitzt, die gegeneinander gefahrenen Werkzeugteile ein gehäuseartig geschlossenes Werkzeug bilden, für die Hin- und Herbewegung an der Platte eine am Ständer angebrachte Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung angreift, dem Tisch ein mittels einer am Ständer angebrachten Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung hin- und herbewegbarer Auswerfer zugeordnet ist, eine Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung zur Ausübung von Umformdruck am Ständer vorgesehen ist, und der Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung ein gesteuertes Hauptventil vorgeordnet ist, wobei die an der Platte angreifende Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung das Werkzeug ohne Verformung eines darin befindlichen Werkstückes schließt und für das Kaltfließpressen geschlossen hält, und ein in das gehäuseartige Werkzeug eindringender, das Kaltfließpressen des Werkstückes bewirkender, auswechselbarer Preßdorn von der Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung beaufschlagt ist.The invention relates to a hydraulic cold extrusion press with stand and hydraulic fluid drive, in which an interchangeable tool part is attached to a reciprocating plate, a further interchangeable tool part is seated on a stationary table, and the tool parts which are driven against one another form a housing-like closed tool for which Back and forth movement on the plate is attacked by a piston-cylinder device attached to the stand, the table is assigned an ejector movable to and fro by means of a piston-cylinder device attached to the stand, a working piston-cylinder device for exercising Forming pressure is provided on the stand, and the working piston-cylinder device is preceded by a controlled main valve, the piston-cylinder device acting on the plate closing the tool without deformation of a workpiece therein and keeping it closed for cold extrusion, and a in the housing-like tool penetrating, the cold extrusion of the workpiece causing, replaceable mandrel is acted upon by the working piston-cylinder device.

Eine bekannte (DE-PS 21 41 980) Kaltfließpresse ist hinsichtlich des Werkzeuges mehrstufig ausgebildet. Die an der Platte angreifende Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung dient auch als Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung und schließt das Werkzeug unter Kaltfließpressen der in dem Werkzeug befindlichen Werkstücke. Das Hauptventil wird für das Schließen des Werkzeuges und das Kaltfließpressen geöffnet sowie geschlossen, wenn das Werkzeug geschlossen und damit das Kaltfließpressen beendet ist. Nachteiligerweise wird das Werkstück in mehreren Stufen umgeformt. Auch lassen sich in dieser Weise solche Werkstücke nicht herstellen, bei denen das Material des Rohlings in Höhlungen rechtwinkelig zum Umformdruck fließen muß.A known (DE-PS 21 41 980) cold extrusion press is designed in several stages with regard to the tool. The piston-cylinder device acting on the plate also serves as a working piston-cylinder device and closes the tool under cold extrusion of the workpieces located in the tool. The main valve is opened for the closing of the tool and the cold extrusion, and is closed when the tool is closed and the cold extrusion is thus ended. The workpiece is disadvantageously formed in several stages. Let too do not produce such workpieces in this way, in which the material of the blank must flow in cavities at right angles to the forming pressure.

Es ist bekannt (DE-OS 28 19 167), daß ein zweiteiliges Werkzeug ohne Verformung eines darin befindlichen Werkstückes schließt und für ein Kaltfließpressen geschlossen gehalten wird und daß ein in das gehäuseartige Werkzeug eindringender, das Kaltfließpressen des Werkstückes bewirkender Preßdorn vorgesehen ist. Hierbei lassen sich formgetreue Werkstücke bei geringster Nacharbeit mittels nur eines Kaltfließvorganges herstellen. Auch fließt das Material des Rohlings in ausgeprägte Höhlungen rechtwinkelig zum Umformdruck. Dieses Werkzeug und der Preßdorn werden mit einer hydraulischen Presse betätigt, wobei die Gestaltung der hydraulischen Presse nicht näher angegeben ist.It is known (DE-OS 28 19 167) that a two-part tool closes without deformation of a workpiece located therein and is kept closed for a cold extrusion and that a mandrel penetrating into the housing-like tool and causing the cold extrusion of the workpiece is provided. Here, true-to-shape workpieces can be produced with minimal reworking using only one cold flow process. The material of the blank also flows into pronounced cavities at right angles to the forming pressure. This tool and the mandrel are operated with a hydraulic press, the design of the hydraulic press is not specified.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine hydraulische Kaltfließpresse der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der einerseits Werkstücke mittels nur eines Kaltfließpreßvorganges formgetreu bei geringster Nacharbeit und unter Materialfluß in ausgeprägte Höhlungen rechtwinkelig zur Umformdruckrichtung herstellbar sind und bei der andererseits die Maßnahmen und Einrichtungen zur Anpassung an verschieden gestaltete herzustellende Werkstücke einfach gehalten sind. Die erfindungsgemäße Kaltfließpresse ist, diese Aufgabe lösend, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine auf ein verstellbares Hauptventil arbeitende Steuereinrichtung auf verschiedene Werte für den Umformweg und die Umformgeschwindigkeit des Preßdornes einstellbar ist, daß die von der Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung beaufschlagte Platte den Preß-Abstand voneinander aufweisender Mitnehmer-Anschläge in eine Ausgangsstellung vor dem Umformhub schleppt, und daß die Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung in zwei hintereinander angeordnete, auf die gleiche Kolbenstange arbeitende Arbeitseinheiten unterteilt ist und von der der Arbeits-Kolben-Einrichtung zugeführten Druckflüssigkeit nur ein Teil durch das Hauptventil zu der einen Arbeitseinheit geführt ist, wogegen der andere Teil der Druckflüssigkeit zu der anderen Arbeitseinheit ohne gesteuertes Hauptventil geführt ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hydraulic cold extrusion press of the type mentioned at the outset, with which workpieces can be produced true to shape on the one hand by means of only one cold extrusion process with minimal reworking and under material flow in pronounced cavities at right angles to the forming pressure direction and on the other hand the measures and devices for Adaptation to differently designed workpieces to be manufactured are kept simple. The cold extrusion press according to the invention solves this problem, characterized in that a control device working on an adjustable main valve can be set to different values for the forming path and the forming speed of the press mandrel, that the plate acted upon by the piston-cylinder device detects the press distance from one another having driver stops in a starting position before the forming stroke drags, and that the working piston-cylinder device is divided into two working units arranged one behind the other, working on the same piston rod, and only a part of the pressure fluid supplied to the working piston device is led through the main valve to the one working unit, whereas the other part of the pressure fluid is led to the other working unit without a controlled main valve is led.

Es wird also das Kaltfließpressen durch eindringenden Preßdorn im geschlossenen Werkzeug auf der hydraulischen Presse praktisch brauchbar durchgeführt. Es wird ein vereinfachtes Werkzeug ohne Zusatzeinrichtungen verwendet, das für verschiedene herzustellende Werkstücke ausgetauscht wird. Auch das Austauschen des vom Werkzeug unabhängigen Preßdornes ist einfach. Die Einstellung eines für verschiedene Werkstücke verschiedenen Umformweges und einer für verschiedene Werkstücke verschiedenen Umformgeschwindigkeit lassen sich bei einer hydraulischen Presse durch das die Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung steuerende Hauptventil und die zugehörige Steuereinrichtung einfach erreichen. Das Werkzeug liegt fest auf dem Tisch. Während des Schleppbetriebes muß das Hauptventil entsprechend der Geschwindigkeit der Platte und des oberen Preßdornes vom Stellmotor in eine Stellung, die der Schließposition der Platte entspricht, gebracht werden.So the cold extrusion is practically performed by penetrating mandrel in the closed tool on the hydraulic press. A simplified tool without additional devices is used, which is exchanged for different workpieces to be produced. It is also easy to replace the press mandrel, which is independent of the tool. The setting of a different forming path for different workpieces and a different forming speed for different workpieces can be easily achieved in a hydraulic press by the main valve controlling the working piston-cylinder device and the associated control device. The tool is firmly on the table. During the towing operation, the main valve must be brought into a position corresponding to the closing position of the plate in accordance with the speed of the plate and the upper press mandrel.

Die relativ zur Platte bewegliche Anordnung des Preßdornes ist vorteilhaft, obwohl der Preßdorn die Schließbewegung der Platte mitmachen muß, weil der Preßdorn auf das ortsfest angeordnete Werkzeug arbeitet und die zugehörige Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung sich am Kopf der Maschine anbringen läßt. Der Preßdorn wird mittels der Platte in Arbeitsstellung gebracht und aus dieser zurückbewegt, was den Betrieb der Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung vereinfacht. Da für die Umformbewegung des Preßdornes sehr häufig ungewöhnlich große Mengen von Druckflüssigkeit in die Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung geführt werden müssen und das Hauptventil diese großen Mengen in der gewünschten kurzen Zeit nicht passieren lassen kann, wird nur ein Teil der nötigen Druckflüssigkeit gesteuert. Der ungesteuerte Druckflüssigkeits-Teil kann für sich alleine nichts bewirken und wird nur zusammen mit dem gesteuerten Teil wirksam.The arrangement of the press mandrel that is movable relative to the plate is advantageous, although the press mandrel must follow the closing movement of the plate because the press mandrel works on the stationary tool and the associated working piston-cylinder device can be attached to the head of the machine. The mandrel is brought into working position by means of the plate and moved back out of it, which is the Operation of the working piston-cylinder device simplified. Since unusually large amounts of pressure fluid have to be fed into the working piston-cylinder device for the forming movement of the press mandrel and the main valve cannot let these large amounts pass in the desired short time, only a part of the required pressure fluid is controlled. The uncontrolled hydraulic fluid part cannot do anything by itself and is only effective together with the controlled part.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die auf das Hauptventil arbeitende Steuereinrichtung auf verschiedene Werte für die Verweilzeit des Preßdornes nach dem Preßhub einstellbar ist. Auch dieser Wert läßt sich bei einer hydraulischen Presse in einfacher Weise steuern und einstellen. Umformgeschwindigkeit und Verweilzeit sind für die Güte des herzustellenden Werkstückes wichtig. Die variablen Parameter Umformweg, Umformgeschwindigkeit und Verweilzeit sind von der hydraulischen Presse übernommen, was mit einer stark vereinfachten Einrichtung zur Einstellung verschieden hoher Werte verbunden ist.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the control device working on the main valve can be set to different values for the dwell time of the press mandrel after the press stroke. This value can also be easily controlled and set in a hydraulic press. Forming speed and dwell time are important for the quality of the workpiece to be manufactured. The variable parameters forming path, forming speed and dwell time are taken over from the hydraulic press, which is connected with a greatly simplified device for setting different values.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es ebenfalls, wenn ein weiterer Preßdorn den Tisch hin- und herverschiebbar durchdringt und der Auswerfer den Preßdorn rohrartig umfaßt. Diesen Preßdorn braucht man nur im Rahmen des Arbeitshubes hin und her zu bewegen. Es ist eine platzsparende, mit dem Preßdorn kombinierte Anordnung des Auswerfers vorgesehen.It is also particularly expedient and advantageous if a further press mandrel penetrates the table so that it can be pushed back and forth and the ejector surrounds the press mandrel in a tube-like manner. This mandrel only needs to be moved back and forth during the working stroke. A space-saving arrangement of the ejector combined with the press mandrel is provided.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es sodann, wenn sowohl der Preßdorn beim Tisch als auch der Preßdorn bei der Platte vorgesehen ist und die Steuereinrichtung für Synchronlauf der beiden Preßdorne ausgelegt ist. Die beiden Preßdorne arbeiten gegeneinander und eine Abstützung des Werkzeuges gegen die Wirkung eines Preßdornes entfällt. Der Synchronlauf kann auf synchrone Materialverdrängung oder synchrone Geschwindigkeit ausgelegt sein. Durch die Synchronsteuerung wird die Güte des herzustellenden Werkstückes verbessert. Die Geschwindigkeiten der beiden Preßdorne sind aber unabhängig voneinander beliebig einstellbar, so daß auch ein definierter Ungleichlauf der beiden Preßdorne möglich ist.It is then particularly expedient and advantageous if both the press mandrel on the table and the press mandrel on the plate are provided and the control device for synchronous operation of the two Press mandrels is designed. The two mandrels work against each other and there is no need to support the tool against the action of a mandrel. The synchronous operation can be designed for synchronous material displacement or synchronous speed. The quality of the workpiece to be produced is improved by the synchronous control. The speeds of the two mandrels can, however, be adjusted independently of one another, so that a defined non-synchronism of the two mandrels is also possible.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es, wenn rechtwinkelig zur Bewegungsrichtung des Preßdornes ein Umformdorn mittels einer kleineren Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung hin- und herbewegbar am Ständer angebracht ist. Dieser im Vergleich mit dem Preßdorn kleinere Umformdorn versieht das Werkstück mit einem Loch und benötigt nur eine relativ kleine Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if a forming mandrel is attached to the stand at right angles to the direction of movement of the pressing mandrel by means of a smaller working piston-cylinder device. This forming mandrel, which is smaller in comparison with the press mandrel, provides the workpiece with a hole and only requires a relatively small working piston-cylinder device.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn beiderseits des Werkzeuges je ein Umformdorn vorgesehen ist, die beiden Umformdorne in einander entgegengesetzter Richtung wirken und die Steuereinrichtung für Synchronlauf der beiden Umformdorne ausgelegt ist. Durch das Gegeneinanderwirken der Umformdorne wird die Verankerung des Werkzeuges von der Krafteinwirkung des Umformdornes entlastet. Die Geschwindigkeiten der beiden Umformdorne sind aber auch unabhängig voneinander beliebig einstellbar, sodaß ein definierter Ungleichlauf der beiden Umformdorne möglich ist.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if a forming mandrel is provided on each side of the tool, the two forming mandrels act in opposite directions and the control device is designed for synchronous operation of the two forming mandrels. By counteracting the forming mandrel, the anchoring of the tool is relieved of the force of the forming mandrel. However, the speeds of the two forming mandrels can also be set as desired independently of one another, so that a defined non-synchronism of the two forming mandrels is possible.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es noch, wenn der Druckflüssigkeits-Antrieb von einer Pumpe und Speicher umfassenden Einheit gebildet ist. Hier durch lassen sich besonders hohe Umformgeschwindig keiten erreichen. Eine erfindungsgemäße Kaltfließpresse soll z.B. Umformgeschwindigkeiten bis zu 200 m/s liefern. Der Umformvorgang dauert in der Regel ca. 0,15 s.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the hydraulic fluid drive is formed by a unit comprising a pump and an accumulator. This enables particularly high forming speeds achievements. A cold extrusion press according to the invention is said to deliver, for example, forming speeds of up to 200 m / s. The forming process usually takes about 0.15 s.

In der Zeichnung ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dargestellt und zeigt

Fig. 1
eine hydraulische Kaltfließpresse, schemattisch und teilweise im Schnitt,
Fig. 2
das Werkzeug der Kaltfließpresse gemäß Fig. 1, im Schnitt und in einem gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten Maßstab,
Fig. 3
einen Druckflüssigkeits-Antrieb für die Kaltfließpresse gemäß Fig. 1 und
Fig. 4
schematisch einen Teil einer Steuereinrichtung der Kaltfließpresse gemäß Fig. 1.
In the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown and shows
Fig. 1
a hydraulic cold extrusion press, schematic and partly in section,
Fig. 2
1, in section and on an enlarged scale compared to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a hydraulic fluid drive for the cold extrusion press according to FIG. 1 and
Fig. 4
schematically a part of a control device of the cold extrusion press according to FIG. 1.

Die hydraulische Kaltfließpresse gemäß Zeichnung besitzt einen rahmenartigen Ständer 1 mit einem oberen Querstück, zwei seitlichen Säulen und einem unteren Querstück. Beim unteren Querstück ist ortsfest ein Tisch 2 eingebaut und an den Säulen ist mittels Führungseinrichtung 3 geführt eine Platte 4 auf- und abbewegbar. Eine genaue Führung der Platte ist wichtig. Die Platte läßt sich mittels zwei Kolben-ZylinderEinrichtungen 5 und zwei Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 6 auf- und abbewegen, die am oberen Querstück des Ständers 1 befestigt sind. Die Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 5 dienen nur dazu, die Platte 4 abwärts zu fahren und in einer Klemmstellung zu halten. Die beiden Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 6 dienen einerseits dazu, die Platte 4 abwärts zu fahren und in einer Klemmstellung zu halten, und andererseits auch dazu, die Platte wieder zurück bzw. aufwärts zu fahren.The hydraulic cold extrusion press according to the drawing has a frame-like stand 1 with an upper cross piece, two side columns and a lower cross piece. In the lower crosspiece, a table 2 is installed in a fixed position and a plate 4 can be moved up and down on the columns by means of a guide device 3. Precise guidance of the plate is important. The plate can be moved up and down by means of two piston-cylinder devices 5 and two piston-cylinder devices 6, which are attached to the upper cross piece of the stand 1. The piston-cylinder devices 5 only serve to drive the plate 4 downwards and to hold it in a clamped position. The two piston-cylinder devices 6 serve, on the one hand, to drive the plate 4 downwards and hold them in a clamping position, and, on the other hand, also to move the plate back or up again.

Diesen Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 6 wird zum Rückzug Druckflüssigkeit mittig über eine Teleskopstange zugeführt. Durch die vier Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 5, 6 wird die Platte 4 verkantungsfrei in die Klemmstellung gefahren.For retraction, this piston-cylinder device 6 becomes hydraulic fluid centrally via a telescopic rod fed. The four piston-cylinder devices 5, 6 move the plate 4 without tilting into the clamping position.

Am oberen Querstück ist mittig eine Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 7 vorgesehen, die zwei Arbeitseinheiten 8, 9 umfaßt, die beide auf die gleiche Kolbenstange 10 wirken, die an einem Ende einen Preßdorn 11 trägt, der durch die Platte 4 ragt. Um den Preßdorn 11 zu einem Umformhub zu bewegen, wird der einen Arbeitseinheit 8 über ein Hauptventil 12 bzw. Servoventil von einer Zweigleitung 13 her Druckflüssigkeit zugeführt und wird der anderen Arbeitseinheit 9 von einer Zweigleitung 14 her Druckflüssigkeit zugeführt. Wenn die Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 7 zurückfährt, dann entleeren sich die Antriebseinheiten 8, 9 jeweils über ein gesteuertes Ventil 15 in den Tank, wobei den Kolben der beiden Antriebseinheiten 8, 9 Druckflüssigkeit von unten zugeführt wird.A drive piston-cylinder device 7 is provided in the center of the upper crosspiece and comprises two working units 8, 9, both of which act on the same piston rod 10, which carries a pressing mandrel 11 at one end, which protrudes through the plate 4. In order to move the mandrel 11 to a forming stroke, the one working unit 8 is supplied with pressure fluid from a branch line 13 via a main valve 12 or servo valve and the other working unit 9 is supplied with pressure fluid from a branch line 14. When the drive piston-cylinder device 7 moves back, the drive units 8, 9 each drain into the tank via a controlled valve 15, hydraulic fluid being supplied to the pistons of the two drive units 8, 9 from below.

Am unteren Querstück ist mittig ebenfalls eine Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 16 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls in zwei Antriebseinheiten 17, 18 unterteilt ist, die beide auf die gleiche Kolbenstange 19 wirken, die an einem Ende einen Preßdorn 20 trägt, der durch den Tisch 2 ragt. Die hydraulische Betätigung der Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 16 ist so wie die der anderen Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 7. Jedoch wird die zuletzt genannte Einrichtung nicht nur zum Umformhub des Preßdornes 11, sondern auch leer mit der Platte 4 bewegt. Für die Leerbewegung weist die Kolbenstange 10 an der Rückseite der Platte 4 einen Anschlag 21 auf, der zwischen zwei auf Abstand voneinander angeordneten Mitnehmer-Anschlägen 22, 23 hin- und herbewegbar ist, die mit der Platte 4 fest verbunden sind.At the lower crosspiece, a drive piston-cylinder device 16 is also provided in the center, which is also divided into two drive units 17, 18, both of which act on the same piston rod 19, which at one end carries a press mandrel 20 which passes through the table 2 protrudes. The hydraulic actuation of the drive piston-cylinder device 16 is the same as that of the other drive piston-cylinder device 7. However, the latter device is not only moved with the plate 4 for the forming stroke of the press mandrel 11, but also empty. For the empty movement, the piston rod 10 has a stop 21 on the back of the plate 4, which can be moved back and forth between two driver stops 22, 23 which are arranged at a distance from one another and which are firmly connected to the plate 4.

Die Kolbenstange 19 ist von einem rohrartigen Auswerfer 24 führend umfaßt, der in dem Tisch 2 geführt hin- und herbewegbar ist und mittels einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 25 verschiebbar ist, die unter dem Tisch 2 angeordnet ist. An jeder Säule des Ständers 1 sind relativ nahe dem Tisch 2 zwei Umformdorne 26 vorgesehen, von denen nur einer gezeigt ist und die jeweils mittels einer kleineren Arbeits-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung 27 betätigbar sind, der über ein Hauptventil 28 Druckflüssigkeit zugeführt wird. Diese Umformdorne 26 bilden in dem herzustellenden Werkstück Löcher und werden in der Regel paarweise gegeneinander wirkend vorgesehen, wobei auf jeder Seite nach Bedarf ein, zwei oder mehr Umformdorne vorgesehen sind.The piston rod 19 is surrounded by a tubular ejector 24, which can be moved back and forth in the table 2 and can be displaced by means of a piston-cylinder device 25 which is arranged under the table 2. On each column of the stand 1, two forming mandrels 26 are provided relatively close to the table 2, only one of which is shown and which can each be actuated by means of a smaller working piston-cylinder device 27 to which pressure fluid is supplied via a main valve 28. These forming mandrels 26 form holes in the workpiece to be produced and are generally provided in pairs acting counter to one another, one, two or more forming mandrels being provided on each side as required.

Fig. 2 verdeutlicht ein Werkzeug 29, das aus zwei Werkzeugteilen 30, 31 besteht, von denen eines 30 am Tisch 2 auswechselbar angeschraubt ist und das andere 31 an der Platte 4 auswechselbar angebracht ist. Der in der Platte 4 geführte Preßdorn ragt in eine Bohrung des Werkzeuges 29 und der im Tisch 2 geführte Preßdorn 20 ragt ebenfalls in eine Bohrung des Werkzeuges, wobei die beiden Preßdorne koaxial angeordnet sind und gegeneinander wirken. Fig. 2 zeigt ein aus einem Rohling hergestelltes Werkstück 32 und in der Teilungsebene zwischen den Werkzeugteilen 30, 31 verlaufende Bohrungen 33, durch welche die Umformdorne auf das Werkstück wirken. Die einander gegenüber angeordneten Umformdorne sind koaxial angeordnet und wirken gegeneinander.Fig. 2 illustrates a tool 29, which consists of two tool parts 30, 31, one 30 of which is interchangeably screwed to table 2 and the other 31 is interchangeably attached to plate 4. The mandrel guided in the plate 4 protrudes into a bore of the tool 29 and the mandrel 20 guided in the table 2 also protrudes into a bore of the tool, the two mandrels being arranged coaxially and acting against one another. 2 shows a workpiece 32 made from a blank and bores 33 running in the parting plane between the tool parts 30, 31, through which the forming mandrels act on the workpiece. The forming mandrels arranged opposite one another are arranged coaxially and act against one another.

Ein Druckflüssigkeits-Antrieb 34 für die Antriebs-Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtungen 7, 16, 27 umfaßt gemäß Fig. 3 eine Pumpe 35 mit Motor. Die Pumpe 35 ist über ein Rückschlagventil 36 mit einem Speicher verbunden, an den andererseits Gasflaschen 38 und ein Sicherheitsventil 39 angeschlossen sind. Die von der Pumpe 35 in dem Speicher 37 gelieferte Druckflüssigkeit gelangt in eine gemeinsame Leitung, die sich in zwei Zweigleitungen 13, 14 teilt, in denen jeweils ein Zuschaltventil 40 vorgesehen ist, das schlagartig öffnet, wenn der Speicher voll ist.A hydraulic fluid drive 34 for the drive piston-cylinder devices 7, 16, 27 comprises, according to FIG. 3, a pump 35 with a motor. The pump 35 is connected via a check valve 36 to a store, on the other hand gas bottles 38 and a safety valve 39 are connected. The hydraulic fluid supplied by the pump 35 in the accumulator 37 reaches a common line which is divided into two branch lines 13, 14, in each of which a connection valve 40 is provided, which opens suddenly when the accumulator is full.

Die Steuereinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 umfaßt einen Computer bzw. Rechner 41, dem mittels eines Wegmeßgerätes 42 die jeweilige Stellung des oberen Werkzeugteiles 31 zugeführt wird und über ein Wegmeßgerät 43 die jeweilige Stellung des Auswerfers 24 zugeführt wird. Ein Druckmeßgerät 44 mißt den Druck für den oberen Preßdorn 11 stangenseitig und ein Druckmeßgerät 45 mißt den Druck für den unteren Preßdorn 20 stangenseitig. Druckmeßgeräte 46 und 47 messen für den oberen Preßdorn 11 und den unteren Preßdorn 20 den Druck jeweils bodenseitig. Die Steuerung der Bewegung der Preßdorne erfolgt über einen Vergleich der stangenseitigen und bodenseitigen Druckwerte. Über ein Druckmeßgerät 48 läßt sich der Schließdruck des Werkzeuges feststellen. Ein weiteres Druckmeßgerät 49 führt dem Rechner den von dem Druckflüssigkeits-Antrieb gemäß Fig. 3 abgegebenen Druck zu.The control device according to FIG. 4 comprises a computer or computer 41, to which the respective position of the upper tool part 31 is fed by means of a displacement measuring device 42 and the respective position of the ejector 24 is fed via a displacement measuring device 43. A pressure gauge 44 measures the pressure for the upper mandrel 11 on the rod side and a pressure gauge 45 measures the pressure for the lower mandrel 20 on the rod side. Pressure gauges 46 and 47 each measure the pressure for the upper mandrel 11 and the lower mandrel 20 on the bottom side. The movement of the press mandrels is controlled by comparing the rod-side and bottom-side pressure values. The closing pressure of the tool can be determined via a pressure measuring device 48. Another pressure measuring device 49 supplies the computer with the pressure emitted by the hydraulic fluid drive according to FIG. 3.

Der Rechner arbeitet für die Umformung auf den Stellmotor 50 des Hauptventils bzw. Servoventils des oberen Preßdornes und auf den Stellmotor 51 des Hauptventils des unteren Preßdornes. Ebenso wird über einen Ventil-Stellmotor 57 die Geschwindigkeit des oberen Werkzeugteiles beim Schließen und Öffnen gesteuert. Für jeden der vier seitlichen Umformdorne ist ein Stellglied 52 vorgesehen, das die Bewegung des Umformdornes in ein Schließen des diesem zugeordneten Hauptventiles umsetzt. Es ist auch ein Eingabegerät 56 für die jeweils gewünschte Betriebsweise vorgesehen, mit dem der Rechner z.B. auf verschiedene Werte von Umformweg, Umformgeschwindigkeit und Verweilzeit der Preßdorne und Umformdorne einstellbar ist.The computer works for the forming on the servomotor 50 of the main valve or servo valve of the upper mandrel and on the servomotor 51 of the main valve of the lower mandrel. Likewise, the speed of the upper tool part when closing and opening is controlled via a valve servomotor 57. An actuator 52 is provided for each of the four lateral forming mandrels, which converts the movement of the forming mandrel into closing the main valve assigned to it. An input device 56 is also provided for the desired mode of operation, with which the computer can, for example, select different ones Values of forming path, forming speed and dwell time of the mandrels and mandrels can be set.

Claims (8)

  1. A hydraulic cold-forging press with a housing and a pressure fluid drive, wherein an exchangeable tool part is mounted on a plate which is movable to and fro, a further exchangeable tool part is positioned on a stationary table, the tool parts form a tool closed in the manner of a casing when brought together, a piston-cylinder arrangement mounted on the housing engages on the plate for the reciprocating movement, an ejector, which is reciprocable by means of a piston-cylinder arrangement mounted on the housing, is associated with the table, a working-piston-cylinder arrangement is provided on the housing for exerting shaping pressure, and a controlled main valve is associated with the working-piston-cylinder arrangement, wherein the piston-cylinder arrangement engaging on the plate closes the tool without deformation of a workpiece located therein and holds the tool closed for the cold-forging process, and an exchangeable press mandrel, which penetrates the casing-like tool and effects the cold-forging of the workpiece, is acted upon by the working-piston-cylinder arrangement, characterised in that a control arrangement (41) acting on an adjustable main valve (12, 28) can be adjusted to different values for the shaping procedure and the shaping speed of the press mandrel (11, 20, 26), in that the plate (4) acted upon by the piston-cylinder arrangement (5, 6) pulls the press mandrel (11) into a starting position before the shaping stroke by means of carrier stops (22, 23) which are at a distance from each other, and in that the working-piston-cylinder arrangement (7) is divided into two working units (8, 9) arranged one behind the other and acting on the same piston rod (10) and only one part of the pressure fluid fed to the working-piston-cylinder arrangement (7) is fed through the main valve (12) to one of the working units (8), whereas the other part of the pressure fluid is fed to the other working unit (9) without passing through said controlled main valve.
  2. A cold-forging press according to claim 1, characterised in that the control arrangement (41) acting on the main valve (12, 28) can be adjusted to different values for the dwell time of the press mandrel (11) after the pressing stroke.
  3. A cold-forging press according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a further press mandrel (20) penetrates the table so as to be displaceable in a reciprocating manner and the ejector (24) surrounds the press mandrel (20) in a tubular manner.
  4. A cold-forging press according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that both the press mandrel (20) at the table and the press mandrel (11) at the plate (4) are provided and the control arrangement (41) is designed for the synchronous operation of the two press mandrels (11, 20).
  5. A cold-forging press according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a shaping mandrel (26) is mounted on the housing (1) at right angles to the direction of movement of the press mandrel (11, 20) so as to be reciprocable by means of a smaller working-piston-cylinder arrangement (27).
  6. A cold-forging press according to claim 5, characterised in that a shaping mandrel (26) is provided on each side of the tool (29), the two shaping mandrels work in opposing directions and the control arrangement (41) is designed for the synchronous operation of the two shaping mandrels.
  7. A cold-forging press according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pressure fluid drive (34) is formed by a press (35) and a reservoir (37).
  8. A cold-forging press according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the plate (4) on the one hand is acted upon by four piston-cylinder arrangements (5, 6) and on the other hand guides the press mandrel (11).
EP88101156A 1987-02-26 1988-01-27 Hydraulic cold-forging press Expired - Lifetime EP0280056B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3706193 1987-02-26
DE19873706193 DE3706193A1 (en) 1987-02-26 1987-02-26 HYDRAULIC COLD FLOW PRESS

Publications (3)

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EP0280056A2 EP0280056A2 (en) 1988-08-31
EP0280056A3 EP0280056A3 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0280056B1 true EP0280056B1 (en) 1992-04-15

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ID=6321817

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EP88101156A Expired - Lifetime EP0280056B1 (en) 1987-02-26 1988-01-27 Hydraulic cold-forging press

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US (1) US4831861A (en)
EP (1) EP0280056B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0677785B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3706193A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0280056A3 (en) 1990-05-23
DE3706193C2 (en) 1990-12-20
JPH0677785B2 (en) 1994-10-05
EP0280056A2 (en) 1988-08-31
JPS63230243A (en) 1988-09-26
US4831861A (en) 1989-05-23
DE3706193A1 (en) 1988-09-08

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