CN103163065B - Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method - Google Patents
Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103163065B CN103163065B CN201310045763.3A CN201310045763A CN103163065B CN 103163065 B CN103163065 B CN 103163065B CN 201310045763 A CN201310045763 A CN 201310045763A CN 103163065 B CN103163065 B CN 103163065B
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Abstract
The invention provides a cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and a detecting method. The cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device comprises an upper die portion provided with a sensing mechanism and a lower die position provided with an unloading mechanism, wherein the lower die portion is aligned with the upper die portion. The upper die portion comprises an upper die sleeve and a male die located in the upper die sleeve. The top of the male die contacts with the sensing mechanism. The lower die portion comprises a lower die sleeve, a bearing mechanism and a female die with a mold cavity, wherein the bearing mechanism and the female die are located in the lower die sleeve. The female die is located on the bearing mechanism and is aligned with the male die. The unloading mechanism penetrates through the lower die sleeve, the bearing mechanism and the female die in sequence and contacts with a workpiece located between the male die and the female die. Through adoption of a forward and reverse composite extrusion process simulation which is closer to the actual cold extrusion production, a press machine is used for supplying power to enable the upper die to stably move downwards under the guidance of a guide pillar and guide sleeve assembly. Through utilization of the tapered male die and the female die without a transition area, sensitivity of the stressed male die on friction lubrication is improved. Consequently, the tested metal workpiece is forced to be subjected to forward and reverse composite extrusion deformation in the lower die. Meanwhile, stressed data of the upper die are transmitted to a computer through a pressure sensor and a data acquisition card and used for directly estimating lubricating effects. The whole detection and estimation process is simple and operational stability is strong.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is pick-up unit and the method in a kind of lubricant manufacturing technology field, specifically a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit and method.
Background technology
Good lubricating status is to guarantee the smooth enforcement of metal cold extrusion technology and the good important process condition of cold extrusion part surface quality, the serviceable life that is simultaneously conducive to improve cold extrusion die.Owing to having good greasy property, phospholeum metallization processes is widely used always in Cold Extrusion Process, but this technique is also because the pollution to environment is restricted.At present, industry member is attempting substituting phospholeum metallization processes with other lubricating process methods and lubricant, and this just needs the suitable instrument about greasy property assessment aspect, apparatus and method.
About the evaluation of greasy property, often adopt the friction wear testing machine of standard, as pin disc type or four-ball friction and wear test machine etc., the indexs such as the friction factor obtaining by measurement are evaluated.But this type of friction wear testing machine cost is larger, equipment is comparatively heavy.Although the lubricating oil combination property evaluation testing device of existing many simplified structures, by observing the size of oil temperature and polishing scratch directly draw the relatively differential of two oil products, evaluation result is more directly perceived.But the friction-wear test that this type of mode with relative sliding between friction pair or rolling is carried out, is not too applicable to the assessment of cold extrusion lubricant effect, the formation of a large amount of fresh surfaces and the generation of plastic yield because Cold Extrusion Process invariably accompanies.
The method of friction factor when ring compression method of testing is a kind of Plastic Forming putting forward a kind of sixties, can be used for evaluating the lubricated effect of Plastic Forming, but the method need to be carried out a series of ring compression test and be determined the friction factor under different lubricating condition in conjunction with calibration curve.Yet By Means of Upsetting Ring can not be identified lubricant effect in some cases.
The Wang Zhigang of Gifu, Japan university professor is at paper " the new evaluating method of wire surface lubricating film greasy property for cold forging " (plastic engineering journal, 2002,9 (4): 56-59), on the basis of finite element simulation calculation, designed a kind of squash type friction test device that is attended by blank middle part Upsetting, and a parameter lambda has been proposed as the index of evaluating greasy property, parameter lambda with the extruding force of certain stroke, the tensile strength of wire rod and initial cross-section thereof amass relevant.But the ratio of height to diameter 50.0mm/11.80mm=4.24 of disclosed test blank in the document, if blank diameter is 50.0mm, the height of blank will reach 212.0mm, need more test material, so this device relatively be applicable to cold forging wire rod.In addition, this device also needs to configure cartridge heater, causes whole apparatus structure more complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit and method are proposed, adopt the positive and negative Combined Extrusion more approaching with cold extrusion production reality, by pressing machine, provide power that patrix is steadily moved downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly, force tested metal works that positive and negative For The Deformation of Combined Extrusion occurs in counterdie, utilization is with the punch of tapering and die without zone of transition, improve the stressed susceptibility to friction, lubrication of punch, by pressure transducer and data collecting card, the stress data of patrix is transferred in computing machine simultaneously, direct assessment for lubricant effect, whole detection evaluation process is simple, and operational stability is strong.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit, comprising: with the part of the upper die of sensing mechanism with it over against the part of the lower die with unloading mechanism arranging, wherein:
Part of the upper die comprises: Upper Die-sleeve and position punch in the inner, and the top of punch contacts with sensing mechanism, and is fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve by patrix clamp ring, and patrix clamp ring and Upper Die-sleeve adopt thread connecting mode, and locking is convenient;
Part of the lower die comprises: lower die-sleeve and load carrier in the inner of position and with the die of die cavity;
Die is positioned on load carrier and over against punch, and unloading mechanism runs through successively lower die-sleeve, load carrier and die and contacts with the workpiece between punch and die;
Described punch is provided with the taper platform of cone angle, and taper platform outside diameter d 1 meets with taper platform substructure height h:
Wherein: D1 is punch external diameter.
Described taper platform substructure height h is preferably 4.0mm, cone angle is preferably 40o, the punch of this special construction utilizes taper platform, carry out the backward extrusion of large deformation, taper punch can be realized larger area divergence ratio, form more fresh surface, be conducive to assess the action effect of lubricant and fresh surface.
Described die is provided with the step corresponding with taper platform, wherein: body diameter D2 and step inner diameter d 2 meet:
by this, have the die without zone of transition, realize the forward extrusion of small deformation degree, the forward extrusion of small deformation degree combines with the backward extrusion of large deformation, can effectively reduce plastic deformation resistance to the stressed contribution of punch; With the punch of tapering and die without zone of transition, can effectively increase frictional resistance to the stressed contribution of punch.Thereby improve the stressed susceptibility to friction, lubrication of punch.
A part for described punch and die adopt clearance fit, further lead, and are conducive to improve the stressed measuring accuracy of punch.The guiding length L of this clearance fit is preferably 5.0mm-15.0mm.
Described load carrier comprises: pressure block and counterdie clamp ring, wherein: pressure block is positioned at die below and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve by counterdie clamp ring, and counterdie clamp ring and lower die-sleeve adopt thread connecting mode, easy to adjust;
Described sensing mechanism comprises: the pressure transducer contacting with punch and the data collecting card being connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer; Data collecting card records power and the history curve of time in test process, utilizes ergodic algorithm by the peak extraction of the power in history curve out.
The end face up and down of described pressure transducer is respectively equipped with breach backing plate and Pressure-bearing pads, wherein: Pressure-bearing pads is that wimet is made and is placed between Upper Die-sleeve and pressure transducer, this backing plate is difficult for occuring bending and deformation when center stressed, effective transmission of molding pressure can be guaranteed, pressure transducer can be protected on the other hand; Breach backing plate is for being with annular backing plate jaggy, and the data line of being convenient to pressure transducer is drawn, and is connected with data collecting card.
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing based on said apparatus, by adopting the cylindrical work that ratio of height to diameter is 1:1 to be controlled at workpiece height 60% ~ 75% with drafts after lubricated, process and gatherer process in resulting pressure data, realize lubricated test; The method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, workpiece are prepared: be ready in advance the cylindrical work that the ratio of height to diameter through the lubricated scheme lubricated of difference is 1:1, as workpiece to be assessed.
Second step, evaluating apparatus Installation and Debugging: evaluating apparatus is installed on pressing machine, and it is smooth and easy that debugging apparatus moves up and down whole device on pressing machine.
The 3rd step, execution assessment test: the 1st workpiece to be assessed put into die, start pressing machine, patrix steadily moves downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly, patrix drafts is controlled at after workpiece height 60% ~ 75%, start backhaul, and by push rod, upwards promote stripping attachment and eject workpiece, push rod resets, complete a working cycle, in this process, by pressure transducer and data collecting card, the stress data of patrix is transferred to computing machine; Put into again the 2nd workpiece to be assessed, then complete a working cycle image data; By that analogy, complete all assessment tests.
By the workpiece gained patrix stress data to the Different Lubrication Conditions Used collecting, be analyzed, the lubricant effect that obtains the minimum corresponding lubricating oil to be measured of stressed peak value is best.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention is stressed responsive to lubricating condition to punch, and evaluation index is conveniently obtained; Compare with traditional By Means of Upsetting Ring, test process is simple, and operational stability is strong; Evaluation test has been simulated positive and negative Combined Extrusion, more approaching with cold extrusion production reality, the lubricated scheme going out by this apparatus for evaluating and method evaluation, and the feasibility of practical application is larger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is upper die structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the guide frame schematic diagram of patrix and counterdie.
Fig. 4 is lower die structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is breach backing structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of breach backing structure.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the proving installation that the present embodiment relates to comprises: with the part of the upper die 2 of sensing mechanism 1 with it over against the part of the lower die 4 with unloading mechanism 3 arranging, wherein:
Part of the upper die 2 comprises: Upper Die-sleeve 5 and position punch 6 in the inner, and the top of punch 6 contacts with sensing mechanism 1;
Part of the lower die 4 comprises: lower die-sleeve 7 and load carrier 8 in the inner of position and with the die 9 of die cavity;
Die 9 is positioned on load carrier 8 and over against punch 6, and unloading mechanism 3 runs through successively lower die-sleeve 7, load carrier 8 and die 9 and contacts with the workpiece 10 between punch 6 and die 9.
Described over against arranging by interaction, connect and realize with the guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly 11 that upper and lower mould is fixedly linked respectively at two ends.
Described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly 11 comprises: four ball bearing guide bushings 12 that are fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve 5 and four ball guide pillars 13 that are fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve 7, wherein: between guide pin bushing and guide pillar, be clearance fit.
Described load carrier 8 comprises: pressure block 14 and counterdie clamp ring 15, wherein: pressure block 14 is positioned at die 9 belows and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve 7 by counterdie clamp ring 15.
Described punch 6 is staircase structural model, and large footpath D1, the path d1 of this step meets:
the height h of this step is 4.0mm, and cone angle is 40 °.
Described punch 6 enters die 9 by part and realizes guiding, and the length L that part enters is: 10.0mm.
Described die 9 is double-deck unitized construction, and the large footpath D2 of this die 9 and path d2 meet:
Described sensing mechanism 1 comprises: the pressure transducer 16 contacting with punch 6 and the data collecting card being connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer 16, wherein: pressure transducer 16 highly sensitive in 2mV/V; Data collecting card collects pressure data in computing machine, for the assessment comparison of follow-up lubricant effect.
The end face up and down of described pressure transducer 16 is respectively equipped with breach backing plate 17 and Pressure-bearing pads 18, wherein: Pressure-bearing pads 18 is made and is placed between Upper Die-sleeve 5 and pressure transducer 16 for wimet, this backing plate is difficult for occuring bending and deformation when center stressed, effective transmission of molding pressure can be guaranteed, pressure transducer 16 can be protected on the other hand; Breach backing plate 17 is for being with annular backing plate jaggy, and the data line of being convenient to pressure transducer 16 is drawn, and is connected with data collecting card.
Described unloading mechanism 3 comprises push rod 19 and the stripping attachment 20 connecting successively, and wherein: stripping attachment 20 is positioned at die 9 and top contacts with workpiece 10, push rod 19 is movably set in lower die-sleeve 7 and runs through load carrier 8.
This device is tested in the following manner:
In assessment test, preprepared workpiece 10 to be assessed is put into the die cavity of die 9, punch 6 moves downward stroke and reaches after workpiece height 60% ~ 75%, punch 6 starts backhaul and moves upward, push rod 19 promotion stripping attachments 20 move upward simultaneously, and workpiece is ejected from counterdie die cavity, and then push rod 19 resets downwards, stripping attachment 20 also resets thereupon, completes a working cycle.
The first step, workpiece are prepared: be ready in advance the cylindrical work that the ratio of height to diameter through the lubricated scheme lubricated of difference is 1:1, as workpiece to be assessed.Workpiece size is: φ 25.0mm*25.0mm, material and state: 6063Al alloy T4 supplies state, lubricated scheme: adopt a kind of rolling coating unit, complete the coating of the zinc stearate powdery lubricant of different time under difference rolling rotating speed, obtain the workpiece to be assessed of different lubricated schemes.
Second step, evaluating apparatus Installation and Debugging: evaluating apparatus is installed on the hydropress of 1000kN, it is smooth and easy that debugging apparatus moves up and down whole device on pressing machine.
The 3rd step, execution assessment test: the 1st workpiece 10 to be assessed put into die, start pressing machine, punch 6 steadily moves downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly, drafts is 16.0mm, is workpiece height 64%, starts backhaul, and by push rod 19, upwards promote stripping attachment 20 and eject workpiece 10, push rod resets, and completes a working cycle, in this process, by pressure pressure transducer 16 and data collecting card, the stress data of punch 6 is transferred to computing machine;
Put into again the 2nd workpiece to be assessed, then complete a working cycle image data; By that analogy, the stressed peak value of punch 6 of gained is as shown in table 1.
The 4th step, data analysis comparison: the workpiece gained patrix stress data to Different Lubrication Conditions Used is analyzed, the minimum corresponding lubricant effect of stressed peak value is best, the lubricant effect that is scheme 3 is best, also can find out simultaneously, lubricant effect is along with the increase of rolling rotating speed, the prolongation of coating time, and lubricant effect can improve.
Table 1 evaluation test data
| Numbering | Coating time | Rolling rotating speed | Stressed peak value/the kN of patrix |
| 1 | 60min | 30r/min | 215.45 |
| 2 | 60min | 45r/min | 212.60 |
| 3 | 60min | 60r/min | 205.06 |
| 4 | 40min | 60r/min | 210.51 |
| 5 | 30min | 60r/min | 213.05 |
Claims (8)
1. a cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit, is characterized in that, comprising: with the part of the upper die of sensing mechanism with it over against the part of the lower die with unloading mechanism arranging, wherein:
Part of the upper die comprises: Upper Die-sleeve and position punch in the inner, and the top of punch contacts with sensing mechanism;
Part of the lower die comprises: lower die-sleeve and load carrier in the inner of position and with the die of die cavity;
Die is positioned on load carrier and over against punch, and unloading mechanism runs through successively lower die-sleeve, load carrier and die and contacts with the workpiece between punch and die;
Described punch is provided with the taper platform of cone angle, and taper platform outside diameter d 1 meets with taper platform substructure height h:
wherein: D1 is punch external diameter; Described die is provided with the step corresponding with taper platform, wherein: body diameter D2 and step inner diameter d 2 meet:
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described over against arranging by interaction, connects and realize with the guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly that upper and lower mould is fixedly linked respectively at two ends; Described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly comprises: four ball bearing guide bushings that are fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve and four ball guide pillars that are fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve, wherein: between guide pin bushing and guide pillar, be clearance fit.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described load carrier comprises: pressure block and counterdie clamp ring, wherein: pressure block is positioned at die below and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve by counterdie clamp ring.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described taper platform substructure height h is 4.0mm, and cone angle is 40 °.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, a part for described punch and die adopt clearance fit, further lead, and are conducive to improve the stressed measuring accuracy of punch.
6. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the guiding length L of described clearance fit is 5.0mm-15.0mm.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensing mechanism comprises: the pressure transducer contacting with punch and the data collecting card being connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer, wherein: pressure transducer highly sensitive in 2mV/V; Data collecting card collects pressure data in computing machine, for the assessment comparison of follow-up lubricant effect.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the end face up and down of described pressure transducer is respectively equipped with breach backing plate and Pressure-bearing pads, wherein: Pressure-bearing pads is that wimet is made and is placed between Upper Die-sleeve and pressure transducer; Breach backing plate, for being with annular backing plate jaggy, is drawn for the data line of pressure transducer, is connected with data collecting card.
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| CN201310045763.3A CN103163065B (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method |
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| CN201310045763.3A CN103163065B (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103776989B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-05-27 | 上海交通大学 | Device and method for detecting conical forging lubricating effect |
| CN114295541B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-11-17 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Hot extrusion lubrication effect detection device and method |
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2013
- 2013-02-05 CN CN201310045763.3A patent/CN103163065B/en active Active
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| US4831861A (en) * | 1987-02-26 | 1989-05-23 | Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh | Hydraulic cold extrusion press |
| CN101502855A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2009-08-12 | 湖北天轮机械有限公司 | Reverse cold extrusion mold for car rear transversal stabilizer bar casing tube |
| CN101524723A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-09-09 | 杭州正强实业有限公司 | Cold extruding and forming device of blank of universal joint sleeve |
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