CN103163065A - Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method - Google Patents
Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103163065A CN103163065A CN2013100457633A CN201310045763A CN103163065A CN 103163065 A CN103163065 A CN 103163065A CN 2013100457633 A CN2013100457633 A CN 2013100457633A CN 201310045763 A CN201310045763 A CN 201310045763A CN 103163065 A CN103163065 A CN 103163065A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and a detecting method. The cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device comprises an upper die portion provided with a sensing mechanism and a lower die position provided with an unloading mechanism, wherein the lower die portion is aligned with the upper die portion. The upper die portion comprises an upper die sleeve and a male die located in the upper die sleeve. The top of the male die contacts with the sensing mechanism. The lower die portion comprises a lower die sleeve, a bearing mechanism and a female die with a mold cavity, wherein the bearing mechanism and the female die are located in the lower die sleeve. The female die is located on the bearing mechanism and is aligned with the male die. The unloading mechanism penetrates through the lower die sleeve, the bearing mechanism and the female die in sequence and contacts with a workpiece located between the male die and the female die. Through adoption of a forward and reverse composite extrusion process simulation which is closer to the actual cold extrusion production, a press machine is used for supplying power to enable the upper die to stably move downwards under the guidance of a guide pillar and guide sleeve assembly. Through utilization of the tapered male die and the female die without a transition area, sensitivity of the stressed male die on friction lubrication is improved. Consequently, the tested metal workpiece is forced to be subjected to forward and reverse composite extrusion deformation in the lower die. Meanwhile, stressed data of the upper die are transmitted to a computer through a pressure sensor and a data acquisition card and used for directly estimating lubricating effects. The whole detection and estimation process is simple and operational stability is strong.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is pick-up unit and the method in a kind of lubricant manufacturing technology field, specifically a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit and method.
Background technology
Good lubricating status is to guarantee the smooth enforcement of metal cold extrusion technology and the good important process condition of cold extrusion part surface quality, the serviceable life that is conducive to simultaneously improve cold extrusion die.Owing to having good greasy property, the phospholeum metallization processes is widely used in Cold Extrusion Process always, but this technique also is restricted because of the pollution to environment.At present, industry member is attempting substituting the phospholeum metallization processes with other lubricating process methods and lubricant, and this just needs the suitable instrument about greasy property assessment aspect, apparatus and method.
About the evaluation of greasy property, often adopt the friction wear testing machine of standard, as pin disc type or four-ball friction and wear test machine etc., estimate by the indexs such as friction factor that measurement obtains.But this type of friction wear testing machine cost is larger, and equipment is comparatively heavy.Although the lubricating oil combination property evaluation testing device of existing many simplified structures directly draws the relatively differential of two oil products by the size of observing oil temperature and polishing scratch, evaluation result is more directly perceived.But this type of not too is applicable to the assessment of cold extrusion lubricant effect with the friction-wear test that the mode of relative sliding between friction pair or rolling is carried out, the generation of the formation of a large amount of fresh surfaces and plastic yield because Cold Extrusion Process invariably accompanies.
The method of friction factor when the ring compression method of testing is a kind of Plastic Forming that puts forward a kind of sixties, can be used for estimating the lubricated effect of Plastic Forming, but the method need to be carried out a series of ring compression test and be determined friction factor under different lubricating condition in conjunction with calibration curve.Yet By Means of Upsetting Ring can not be identified lubricant effect in some cases.
The Wang Zhigang of Gifu, Japan university professor is at paper " the cold forging the new evaluating method of wire surface lubricating film greasy property " (plastic engineering journal, 2002,9 (4): 56-59), on the basis of finite element simulation calculation, designed a kind of squash type friction test device that is attended by blank middle part Upsetting, and a parameter lambda having been proposed as the index of estimating greasy property, parameter lambda is amassed relevant with the extruding force of certain stroke, tensile strength and the initial cross-section thereof of wire rod.But the ratio of height to diameter 50.0mm/11.80mm=4.24 of disclosed test blank in the document, if blank diameter is 50.0mm, the height of blank will reach 212.0mm, need more test material, so this device relatively be applicable to the cold forging wire rod.In addition, this device also needs to configure cartridge heater, causes whole apparatus structure more complicated.
Summary of the invention
the present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit and method are proposed, adopt the positive and negative Combined Extrusion more approaching with cold extrusion production reality, provide power to make patrix steadily move downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly by pressing machine, force tested metal works that positive and negative For The Deformation of Combined Extrusion occurs in counterdie, utilization is with the punch of tapering and die without zone of transition, improve the stressed susceptibility to friction, lubrication of punch, be transferred in computing machine by pressure transducer and the data collecting card stress data with patrix simultaneously, be used for the direct assessment of lubricant effect, whole detection evaluation process is simple, and operational stability is strong.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit, comprising: with the part of the upper die of sensing mechanism with it over against the part of the lower die with unloading mechanism that arranges, wherein:
The part of the upper die comprises: Upper Die-sleeve and position punch in the inner, and the top of punch contacts with sensing mechanism, and is fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve by the patrix clamp ring, and patrix clamp ring and Upper Die-sleeve adopt thread connecting mode, and locking is convenient;
The part of the lower die comprises: lower die-sleeve and position in the inner load carrier and with the die of die cavity;
Die is positioned on load carrier and over against punch, and unloading mechanism runs through successively lower die-sleeve, load carrier and die and contacts with workpiece between punch and die;
Described punch is provided with the taper platform of cone angle, and taper platform outside diameter d 1 satisfies with taper platform substructure height h:
Wherein: D1 is the punch external diameter.
Described taper platform substructure height h is preferably 4.0mm, cone angle is preferably 40o, the punch of this special construction utilizes the taper platform, carry out the backward extrusion of large deformation, the taper punch can be realized larger area divergence ratio, form more fresh surface, be conducive to assess the action effect of lubricant and fresh surface.
Described die is provided with the step corresponding with the taper platform, and wherein: body diameter D2 and step inner diameter d 2 satisfy:
Have die without zone of transition by this, realize the forward extrusion of small deformation degree, the forward extrusion of small deformation degree combines with the backward extrusion of large deformation, can effectively reduce the plastic deformation resistance to the stressed contribution of punch; With the punch of tapering and die without zone of transition, can effectively increase frictional resistance to the stressed contribution of punch.Thereby improve the stressed susceptibility to friction, lubrication of punch.
The part of described punch and die adopt clearance fit, further lead, and are conducive to improve the stressed measuring accuracy of punch.The guiding length L of this clearance fit is preferably 5.0mm-15.0mm.
Described load carrier comprises: pressure block and counterdie clamp ring, and wherein: pressure block is positioned at the die below and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve by the counterdie clamp ring, and counterdie clamp ring and lower die-sleeve adopt thread connecting mode, and be easy to adjust;
Described sensing mechanism comprises: with the contacted pressure transducer of punch and the data collecting card that is connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer; Data collecting card records power and the history curve of time in test process, utilizes ergodic algorithm with the peak extraction of the power in history curve out.
The end face up and down of described pressure transducer is respectively equipped with breach backing plate and Pressure-bearing pads, wherein: Pressure-bearing pads is that wimet is made and is placed between Upper Die-sleeve and pressure transducer, this backing plate is difficult for occuring bending and deformation when center stressed, effective transmission of molding pressure can be guaranteed, pressure transducer can be protected on the other hand; The breach backing plate is for being with annular backing plate jaggy, and the data line of being convenient to pressure transducer is drawn, and is connected with data collecting card.
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing based on said apparatus, the cylindrical work that is 1:1 by the employing ratio of height to diameter is controlled at workpiece height 60% ~ 75% with drafts after lubricated, process and gatherer process in resulting pressure data, realize lubricated test; The method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, workpiece are prepared: the ratio of height to diameter that is ready in advance through the lubricated scheme lubricated of difference is the cylindrical work of 1:1, as workpiece to be assessed.
Second step, evaluating apparatus Installation and Debugging: evaluating apparatus is installed on pressing machine, and debugging apparatus moves up and down whole device on pressing machine smooth and easy.
The 3rd step, execution assessment test: the 1st workpiece to be assessed put into die, start pressing machine, patrix steadily moves downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly, after the patrix drafts is controlled at workpiece height 60% ~ 75%, the beginning backhaul, and upwards promote stripping attachment by push rod and eject workpiece, push rod resets, complete a working cycle, by pressure transducer and data collecting card, the stress data of patrix is transferred to computing machine in this process; Put into again the 2nd workpiece to be assessed, then complete a working cycle and image data; By that analogy, complete all assessment tests.
Be analyzed by the workpiece gained patrix stress data to the Different Lubrication Conditions Used that collects, the lubricant effect that obtains the minimum corresponding lubricating oil to be measured of stressed peak value is best.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention is stressed responsive to lubricating condition to punch, and evaluation index is conveniently obtained; Compare with traditional By Means of Upsetting Ring, test process is simple, and operational stability is strong; Evaluation test has been simulated positive and negative Combined Extrusion, and is more approaching with cold extrusion production reality, and by the lubricated scheme that this apparatus for evaluating and method evaluation go out, the feasibility of practical application is larger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the upper die structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the guide frame schematic diagram of patrix and counterdie.
Fig. 4 is the lower die structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is breach backing structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of breach backing structure.
Embodiment
The below elaborates to embodiments of the invention, and the present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the proving installation that the present embodiment relates to comprises: with the part of the upper die 2 of sensing mechanism 1 with it over against the part of the lower die 4 with unloading mechanism 3 that arranges, wherein:
Part of the upper die 2 comprises: Upper Die-sleeve 5 and position punch 6 in the inner, and the top of punch 6 contacts with sensing mechanism 1;
Part of the lower die 4 comprises: lower die-sleeve 7 and position in the inner load carrier 8 and with the die 9 of die cavity;
Die 9 is positioned on load carrier 8 and over against punch 6, and unloading mechanism 3 runs through successively lower die-sleeve 7, load carrier 8 and die 9 and contacts with workpiece 10 between punch 6 and die 9.
Described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly 11 realizations over against arranging by interaction connects and two ends are fixedly linked with upper and lower mould respectively.
Described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly 11 comprises: four ball bearing guide bushings 12 that are fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve 5 and four ball guide pillars 13 that are fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve 7, wherein: be clearance fit between guide pin bushing and guide pillar.
Described load carrier 8 comprises: pressure block 14 and counterdie clamp ring 15, wherein: pressure block 14 is positioned at die 9 belows and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve 7 by counterdie clamp ring 15.
Described punch 6 is staircase structural model, and large footpath D1, the path d1 of this step satisfies:
The height h of this step is 4.0mm, and cone angle is 40 °.
Described punch 6 enters die 9 by part and realizes guiding, and the length L that part enters is: 10.0mm.
Described die 9 is double-deck unitized construction, and the large footpath D2 of this die 9 and path d2 satisfy:
Described sensing mechanism 1 comprises: with the contacted pressure transducer 16 of punch 6 and the data collecting card that is connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer 16, wherein: pressure transducer 16 highly sensitive in 2mV/V; Data collecting card collects pressure data in computing machine, is used for the assessment of follow-up lubricant effect relatively.
The end face up and down of described pressure transducer 16 is respectively equipped with breach backing plate 17 and Pressure-bearing pads 18, wherein: Pressure-bearing pads 18 is made and is placed in for wimet between Upper Die-sleeve 5 and pressure transducer 16, this backing plate is difficult for occuring bending and deformation when center stressed, effective transmission of molding pressure can be guaranteed, pressure transducer 16 can be protected on the other hand; Breach backing plate 17 is for being with annular backing plate jaggy, and the data line of being convenient to pressure transducer 16 is drawn, and is connected with data collecting card.
Described unloading mechanism 3 comprises push rod 19 and the stripping attachment 20 that connects successively, and wherein: stripping attachment 20 is positioned at die 9 and the top contacts with workpiece 10, and push rod 19 is movably set in lower die-sleeve 7 and runs through load carrier 8.
This device is tested in the following manner:
In the assessment test, preprepared workpiece 10 to be assessed is put into the die cavity of die 9, after punch 6 moves downward stroke and reaches workpiece height 60% ~ 75%, punch 6 beginning backhauls move upward, push rod 19 promotion stripping attachments 20 move upward simultaneously, and workpiece is ejected from the counterdie die cavity, and then push rod 19 resets downwards, stripping attachment 20 also resets thereupon, completes a working cycle.
The first step, workpiece are prepared: the ratio of height to diameter that is ready in advance through the lubricated scheme lubricated of difference is the cylindrical work of 1:1, as workpiece to be assessed.Workpiece size is: φ 25.0mm*25.0mm, material and state: 6063Al alloy T4 supplies attitude, lubricated scheme: adopt a kind of rolling coating unit, complete the coating of the zinc stearate powdery lubricant of different time under difference rolling rotating speed, obtain the workpiece to be assessed of different lubricated schemes.
Second step, evaluating apparatus Installation and Debugging: evaluating apparatus is installed on the hydropress of 1000kN, debugging apparatus moves up and down whole device on pressing machine smooth and easy.
The 3rd step, execution assessment test: the 1st workpiece 10 to be assessed put into die, start pressing machine, punch 6 steadily moves downward under the guiding of guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly, drafts is 16.0mm, is workpiece height 64%, the beginning backhaul, and upwards promote stripping attachment 20 by push rod 19 and eject workpiece 10, push rod resets, and completes a working cycle, by pressure pressure transducer 16 and data collecting card, the stress data of punch 6 is transferred to computing machine in this process;
Put into again the 2nd workpiece to be assessed, then complete a working cycle and image data; By that analogy, the stressed peak value of punch 6 of gained is as shown in table 1.
The 4th step, data analysis are compared: the workpiece gained patrix stress data to Different Lubrication Conditions Used is analyzed, the minimum corresponding lubricant effect of stressed peak value is best, the lubricant effect that is scheme 3 is best, also can find out simultaneously, lubricant effect is along with the increase of rolling rotating speed, the prolongation of coating time, and lubricant effect can improve.
Table 1 evaluation test data
| Numbering | Coating time | The rolling rotating speed | Stressed peak value/the kN of patrix |
| 1 | 60min | 30r/min | 215.45 |
| 2 | 60min | 45r/min | 212.60 |
| 3 | 60min | 60r/min | 205.06 |
| 4 | 40min | 60r/min | 210.51 |
| 5 | 30min | 60r/min | 213.05 |
Claims (10)
1. a cold extrusion lubricant effect pick-up unit, is characterized in that, comprising: with the part of the upper die of sensing mechanism with it over against the part of the lower die with unloading mechanism that arranges, wherein:
The part of the upper die comprises: Upper Die-sleeve and position punch in the inner, and the top of punch contacts with sensing mechanism;
The part of the lower die comprises: lower die-sleeve and position in the inner load carrier and with the die of die cavity;
Die is positioned on load carrier and over against punch, and unloading mechanism runs through successively lower die-sleeve, load carrier and die and contacts with workpiece between punch and die.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly realization over against arranging by interaction connects and two ends are fixedly linked with upper and lower mould respectively; Described guide pillar guide pin bushing assembly comprises: four ball bearing guide bushings that are fixedly connected with Upper Die-sleeve and four ball guide pillars that are fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve, wherein: be clearance fit between guide pin bushing and guide pillar.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described load carrier comprises: pressure block and counterdie clamp ring, wherein: pressure block is positioned at the die below and is fixedly connected with lower die-sleeve by the counterdie clamp ring.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described punch is provided with the taper platform of cone angle, and taper platform outside diameter d 1 satisfies with taper platform substructure height h:
Wherein: D1 is the punch external diameter; Described die is provided with the step corresponding with the taper platform, and wherein: body diameter D2 and step inner diameter d 2 satisfy:
5. device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described taper platform substructure height h is 4.0mm, and cone angle is 40o.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the part of described punch and die adopt clearance fit, further lead, and are conducive to improve the stressed measuring accuracy of punch.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the guiding length L of described clearance fit is 5.0mm-15.0mm.
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensing mechanism comprises: with the contacted pressure transducer of punch and the data collecting card that is connected with the output terminal of pressure transducer, wherein: pressure transducer highly sensitive in 2mV/V; Data collecting card collects pressure data in computing machine, is used for the assessment of follow-up lubricant effect relatively.
9. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the end face up and down of described pressure transducer is respectively equipped with breach backing plate and Pressure-bearing pads, and wherein: Pressure-bearing pads is that wimet is made and is placed between Upper Die-sleeve and pressure transducer; The breach backing plate is for being with annular backing plate jaggy, and the data line that is used for pressure transducer is drawn, and is connected with data collecting card.
10. detection method according to the described device of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, the cylindrical work that is 1:1 by the employing ratio of height to diameter is controlled at workpiece height 60% ~ 75% with drafts after lubricated, process and gatherer process in resulting pressure data, realize lubricated test.
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| CN201310045763.3A CN103163065B (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Cold extrusion lubricating effect detecting device and detecting method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776989A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Device and method for detecting conical forging lubricating effect |
| CN114295541A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-08 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Hot extrusion lubrication effect detection device and method |
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2013
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776989A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Device and method for detecting conical forging lubricating effect |
| CN114295541A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-08 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Hot extrusion lubrication effect detection device and method |
| CN114295541B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-11-17 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Hot extrusion lubrication effect detection device and method |
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| CN103163065B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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