EP0277881B1 - Safety lock with key - Google Patents

Safety lock with key Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277881B1
EP0277881B1 EP88400241A EP88400241A EP0277881B1 EP 0277881 B1 EP0277881 B1 EP 0277881B1 EP 88400241 A EP88400241 A EP 88400241A EP 88400241 A EP88400241 A EP 88400241A EP 0277881 B1 EP0277881 B1 EP 0277881B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety lock
barrel
key
ring
axially
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400241A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0277881A3 (en
EP0277881A2 (en
Inventor
Claude Charpentier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fontaine SA
Original Assignee
Fontaine SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Fontaine SA filed Critical Fontaine SA
Priority to AT88400241T priority Critical patent/ATE70590T1/en
Publication of EP0277881A2 publication Critical patent/EP0277881A2/en
Publication of EP0277881A3 publication Critical patent/EP0277881A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0277881B1 publication Critical patent/EP0277881B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/04—Devices for coupling the turning cylinder of a single or a double cylinder lock with the bolt operating member
    • E05B17/047—Devices for coupling the turning cylinder of a single or a double cylinder lock with the bolt operating member with rotating output elements forming part of cylinder locks, e.g. locking cams of double cylinder locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/02—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key
    • E05B27/08—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially
    • E05B27/086—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by the edge of the key arranged axially of the bar-tumbler type, the bars having slots or protrusions in alignment upon opening the lock
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B9/00—Lock casings or latch-mechanism casings ; Fastening locks or fasteners or parts thereof to the wing
    • E05B9/10—Coupling devices for the two halves of double cylinder locks, e.g. devices for coupling the rotor with the locking cam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to key-type security locks according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Locks of this type provide greater closing security than conventional locks, given the difficulty experienced by those who do not have the right key to neutralize all of the bars simultaneously.
  • each angular stress exerted on the barrel by a bad key angularly applies this barrel against the washer at the level of only one of the bars: the neutralization of this bar during such a stress can then be detected by touch since 'It results in a small click corresponding to the transfer of support for the angular stop of the barrel of said bar on another; it is thus possible, step by step, by hooking all the bars in their neutral positions and angularly releasing the barrel.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to remedy these drawbacks by making the lock such that its attempts to actuate by wrong keys automatically translate, no longer by angular blockages, but by crazy rotations of these keys.
  • the locks of the type in question according to the invention which, as a reminder, comprise in a manner known per se, a notched washer mounted in the barrel axially fixed but angularly mobile and elastic means for urging this washer to rest towards a stable angular position which it occupies without moving during normal actuations of the lock by a good key - are essentially characterized in that their means for angularly securing the barrel and the actuator are constituted by a clutch which is controlled by the angular displacements of the washer so that the actuations of the lock by bad keys result first of all in an angular displacement of the washer-barrel assembly ensuring the disengagement between the actuator and the barrel, then by a crazy rotation of said assembly without actuator drive.
  • the invention includes, apart from these main provisions, certain other provisions which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
  • the lock in question is of the pump type and the key 1 intended for controlling it comprises a grasping ring 2, a central rod 3, a radial bit 4 and a crown of cut front plates 5 offset longitudinally with respect to each other.
  • This lock is double here, that is to say composed of two identical elementary locks juxtaposed head to tail in the direction of a common axis X on either side of a central part 6, called actuator; this part itself comprises a transverse veil or wafer 7 with parallel faces hollowed out by a non-circular lumen 8 and a cylindrical sleeve 9 surrounding this veil and extended radially outwards by a lug 10 or by a toothed wheel.
  • This elementary lock comprises a stator or "barrel” a portion of which is visible at 11 in FIG. 1 and a rotor or “barrel” 12 which can be fixed angularly with the actuator 6 and housed in the barrel 11 axially fixed and angularly movable around of the X axis.
  • Said heel 20 and its guide members are arranged in such a way that this heel can either be housed axially in the lumen 8, or be released axially out of this lumen and that, in the first of these two positions, it can interact with the edges of said lumen for the purpose of rotating the tab 10.
  • the respective profiles of the light 8 and the heel 20 are not strictly complementary: that of the light is a little bit wide than that of the heel in order to make possible for the latter dead angular strokes of small amplitude corresponding to the declutching phases which will be described later.
  • the barrel 12 is terminated, at its axial end opposite the outlet of the lock, by a transverse closure plate 50 (FIG. 2) slightly projecting which is juxtaposed axially permanently against the web 7.
  • a notched washer 21 adapted to interact with the bars 17 for the purpose of angular blocking of this barrel, as long as the intensity of the couples exerted on it remains below a predetermined threshold.
  • the washer 21 is composed of two semi-circular arches juxtaposed.
  • this attachment corresponds to complete angular blocking of the barrel, preventing any actuation of the actuator 6.
  • each of the bars 17 has axially at the level of the washer one of its notches 23, as a result of the complete axial introduction of a good key into the hole 14, these notches can pass angularly along the washer , then overlapping the portions of this washer, which protrude towards the axis X.
  • the washer no longer hinders the rotations of the barrel 12: the latter can therefore be driven in rotation under the control of the good key, by cooperation of the bit 4 of this key with the groove 15 of this barrel, and, if the heel 20 is engaged in the slot 8, the actuator 6 is also driven so that the lock can be opened or closed at the option of the correct key holder.
  • the invention differs from the embodiments which have just been recalled in that the washer is no longer attached to the barrel: it is here mounted idly with respect to this barrel and permanently resiliently urged, when the lock is at rest, towards a stable average angular position.
  • Each couple exerted on this washer by at least one bar 17 then results in a slight angular displacement thereof and this slight displacement is used, in accordance with the invention, so as to disengage the barrel 12 of the actuator 6, or more precisely to axially release the heel 20 from the lumen 8.
  • the washer 21 is angularly secured to one of the bases of a cylindrical drive ring 24 which extends axially around the barrel towards the inside of the lock relative to the washer and the other base of which is hollowed out by at least one notch 25 in V. Said angular fastening is ensured for example by the introduction of lugs 37 axially extending the base concerned in notches 38 hollowed out in the outer edge of the washer.
  • At least one tooth 27 protrudes axially from the base of this collar 26, facing the ring 24, a tooth whose V-shaped profile is complementary to that of the notch 25 in which, at rest of the lock, is introduced into this notch as visible in figure 1.
  • the notched 25-tooth 27 torque may be unique, but to balance the forces around the axis of the lock, it is advantageous to provide at least two such couples, distributed around said axis, and preferably three, angularly offset by 120 ° relative to each other.
  • the collar 26 is further provided with a lug 28 extending radially outward and mounted so as to slide in an axial groove 29 itself hollowed out in a part integral with the barrel 11.
  • said collar 26 can move axially along the barrel, but it is locked angularly around the axis of this barrel.
  • the axial displacements of the collar 26 are transmitted to the heel 20 in any desirable manner ensuring disengagement, that is to say the axial disengagement of the heel 20 from the slot 8.
  • a simple construction would consist in applying directly in the axial direction the edge 30 of the collar 26, the furthest from the teeth 27 against a bearing secured to the heel 20.
  • the heel clearances 20 of the elementary lock considered outside the light 8 cannot be made in the direction indicated, since the volume located immediately to the left of said light in FIG. 1 is already occupied by the heel of the other elementary lock: these clearances must therefore bring this heel 20 into the barrel 12, to the right in FIG. 1.
  • the mechanism is arranged in such a way that the edge 30 of the collar 26 can bear axially against the internal arm of said rocker 31, arm closest to the X axis, while the external arm of this rocker can bear axially against a carried 33 secured to the heel 20 (see Figure 2).
  • a helical compression spring 34 of axis X disposed at the heart of the barrel bears axially against the heel 20 so as to constantly urge it towards the outlet of the barrel (to the left in FIG. 1) to introduce it into the lumen 8 .
  • the relaxation of the spring 34 then ensures the axial application of the collar 26 against the ring 24 with the teeth 27 of the first fully inserted into the notches 25 of the second.
  • the heel 20 of the elementary lock considered remains permanently juxtaposed axially against the heel 20 ′ (FIG. 2) of the other elementary lock paired head to tail with it, along a transverse plane P.
  • this plane P is coincident with that of the face, of the web 7, the most distant from the elementary lock equipped with said heel.
  • the components of the twin elementary lock are given the same references than the components of the first elementary lock described above, but affected by the index.
  • Figure 3 shows the position occupied by the two heels 20 and 20 ′ when it is the twin elementary lock, arranged on the right in Figures 1 and 2, which is actuated by a key.
  • each elementary lock described above is as follows. (It will be described with regard to the elementary lock shown in FIG. 1 and on the left half of FIG. 2, but it is the same for the other elementary lock).
  • the reaction of the lock then differs depending on whether or not the key is a good key.
  • the ring 24 is angularly displaced and the mutual cooperation of its notches 25 with the teeth 27 of the angularly fixed collar 26 have the effect of pushing the latter axially and therefore, by means of the rocker 31, to fit the heel 20 into the barrel 12.
  • an additional ring (not shown) is inserted axially between said spring 51 and said edge to better distribute the axial force of this spring on the collar 26 and to make the angular deflections of the rocker 31 more free: the outer end of this rocker is then housed in a notch hollowed out in the edge, of said ring, oriented towards the spring.
  • the lock described above is further arranged in such a way that its unlocking combination can be very easily modified without dismantling, using a simple key.
  • Such a change may prove to be advantageous for at least temporarily prohibiting the unlocking of the lock by the keys which were considered to be good at first, for example following the loss of such a key, or even for temporarily condemning the 'access controlled by said lock to holders of such a key.
  • notched washer 21 can be angularly displaced under certain conditions, by implementing the clutch described above.
  • the number of radial notches 22 hollowed out in the inner edge of the washer 21 is equal to five, each of these notches being angularly offset from its neighbors by 60 °, which shows an absence of notch or "screen” 40 at half angular distance between two of said notches (see FIGS. 4 to 6): even the number of notched bars 17 which are mounted longitudinally sliding on the barrel and which are capable of cooperating with the notches 22 is equal to five, these bars being angularly offset by 60 ° relative to each other around the axis of the barrel, which shows at mid-distance between two such bars a space 41 ( Figure 1) empty barrette, space communicating with the groove 15 above.
  • the number of notched pairs 25-teeth 27 described above is given the number of three, mutually offset by 120 ° around the axis of the lock, which makes it possible to give the ring 24-washer assembly. 21 three stable angular positions offset from each other by 120 ° relative to the barrel 11 and to the members angularly linked to this barrel (barrel 12 in its rest position, collar 26, etc.).
  • At least one of the two notched bars 17 - - called "change bars" below - - corresponding to one of the two positions angularly offset by 120 ° with respect to the the empty space 41 is hollowed out not only by the notch 23 explained above, but also by a second notch 42.
  • composition for unlocking the lock which results from the new angular position thus given to the washer is different from the previous one since now the screen 40 occupies the position which was initially occupied by a notch 22 of the washer 21 (FIG. 5) and that the change bar is blocked by this screen in its longitudinal position corresponding to the overlap of the washer by the second notch 42: this position does not correspond to that of the initial unlocks of the lock by the correct key 1, for which it was the first notch 22 of the change bar which was to be brought to the longitudinal level of the washer 21.
  • This second good key differs from the good initial key 1 by the size corresponding to the angular position of the screen 40: this size must indeed be sufficiently clear so that the introduction of the key is not hampered by the change bar blocked by said screen.
  • tubular sleeve surrounding this key, this sleeve being hollowed out by an internal groove having the general shape of a curved rectangle and suitable for receiving a lug secured to the key.
  • This sleeve can also be equipped with a spring constantly urging the key in the direction of the exit of the lock relative to the sleeve.
  • the lock is arranged in such a way that it can be made to undergo two successive changes of unlocking combination of the kind described above.
  • This variant has the following important advantage: if, after the second change of combination, the sequence of movements described above is imposed on the change key a third time, the lock is automatically found in its initial operating state, the sum of the three angular displacements corresponding in fact to a complete revolution of this washer.
  • the number of notches 25 hollowed out in the ring 24 is doubled, then being six instead of three, said notches then being offset by 60 ° step by step.
  • the number of teeth 27 capable of interacting with the notches 25 can then be at will or limited to three as before, or increased to six.
  • the maneuvers to be carried out to change the combination of the lock differ from that previously described only in that the angular back and forth of the change key are here limited to 60 ° instead of extending over 120 °

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety lock with key. The serrated washer (21) interacting with the serrated strips (17) of the barrel (12) for absorbing the angular stresses exerted on said barrel by the wrong key is no longer fixed, but is loosely mounted angularly and non-axially in relation to the case (11) of the lock, and it is stressed elastically at rest towards a stable position by a spring (34). When the torque exerted on the washer by the wrong key exceeds a predetermined threshold, the serrated washer is driven in rotation, and this rotation is converted into axial displacements of a lug (20) mounted slideably in the barrel and capable of cooperating with a slot (8) made in the lock actuator (6). This conversion is ensured by the interaction of at least one V-shaped tooth (27) located on a collar (26) blocked angularly, but free to move axially in relation to the case with a notch (25) made in a ring (24) fixed to the washer. The axial displacements of the collar (26) are converted into oppositely directed axial displacements of the lug (20) by means of a rocker (31). <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative aux serrures de sûreté à clé du type selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The invention relates to key-type security locks according to the preamble of claim 1.

Les serrures de ce type (voir FR-A-2 313 526) assurent une sécurité de fermeture plus poussée que les serrures classiques, vu la difficulté qu'éprouve celui qui ne détient pas la bonne clé à neutraliser simultanément la totalité des barrettes.Locks of this type (see FR-A-2 313 526) provide greater closing security than conventional locks, given the difficulty experienced by those who do not have the right key to neutralize all of the bars simultaneously.

Toutefois, l'identification des combinaisons de ces positions de neutralisation est parfois possible par palpage à l'aide de dispositifs exploitant les résistances opposées individuellement par les contacts barrettes-rondelle aux sollicitations angulaires exercées sur les barrettes à partir de mauvaises clés, par l'intermédiaire du barillet.However, the identification of combinations of these neutralization positions is sometimes possible by probing using devices exploiting the resistances individually opposed by the bar-washer contacts to the angular stresses exerted on the bars from bad keys, via the barrel.

En particulier chaque sollicitation angulaire exercée sur le barillet par une mauvaise clé applique angulairement ce barillet contre la rondelle au niveau de l'une seulement des barrettes: la neutralisation de cette barrette au cours d'une telle sollicitation peut alors se détecter au toucher vu qu'elle se traduit par un petit déclic correspondant au transfert de la prise en charge de la butée angulaire du barillet de ladite barrette sur une autre; on peut ainsi, de proche en proche, placer par crochetage toutes les barrettes en leurs positions neutres et libérer angulairement le barillet.In particular, each angular stress exerted on the barrel by a bad key angularly applies this barrel against the washer at the level of only one of the bars: the neutralization of this bar during such a stress can then be detected by touch since 'It results in a small click corresponding to the transfer of support for the angular stop of the barrel of said bar on another; it is thus possible, step by step, by hooking all the bars in their neutral positions and angularly releasing the barrel.

Pour écarter cet inconvénient, il a déjà été proposé de monter la rondelle de façon telle qu'elle puisse effectuer des déplacements angulaires de petite amplitude à l'encontre d'une force de rappel élastique, lors de l'exercice de fortes sollicitations angulaires sur elle à partir d'une mauvaise clé, ces petits déplacements étant exploités de façon à assurer un blocage angulaire du barillet ou de l'actionneur, notamment par interposition d'une butée mécanique plus résistante que les barrettes sur la trajectoire rotative de ce barillet ou actionneur.To overcome this drawback, it has already been proposed to mount the washer in such a way that it can make angular displacements of small amplitude against an elastic restoring force, during the exercise of high angular stresses on it from a bad key, these small displacements being exploited so as to ensure an angular blocking of the barrel or of the actuator, in particular by interposition of a mechanical stop more resistant than the bars on the rotary trajectory of this barrel or actuator.

Les constructions de ce genre, bien que donnant satisfaction dans certains cas, présentent l'inconvénient suivant.Constructions of this kind, although satisfactory in certain cases, have the following drawback.

Si le couple exercé sur le barillet à l'aide d'une mauvaise clé en vue de forcer la serrure dépasse un certain seuil, l'organe spécial de blocage angulaire évoqué ci-dessus est cassé et le barillet est débloqué, ce qui permet d'ouvrir la serrure.If the torque exerted on the barrel using a wrong key in order to force the lock exceeds a certain threshold, the special angular blocking device mentioned above is broken and the barrel is released, which allows d 'open the lock.

L'invention a pour but, surtout, de remédier à ces inconvénients en rendant la serrure telle que ses tentatives d'actionnement par de mauvaises clés se traduisent automatiquement, non plus par des blocages angulaires, mais par des rotations folles de ces clés.The object of the invention is, above all, to remedy these drawbacks by making the lock such that its attempts to actuate by wrong keys automatically translate, no longer by angular blockages, but by crazy rotations of these keys.

A cet effet les serrures du genre en question selon l'invention ― qui pour rappel comprennent d'une façon connue en soi, une rondelle crantée montée dans le canon de façon axialement fixe mais angulairement mobile et des moyens élastiques pour solliciteer au repos cette rondelle vers une position angulaire stable qu'elle occupe sans se déplacer lors des actionnements normaux de la serrure par une bonne clé ― sont essentiellement caractérisées en ce que leurs moyens de solidarisation angulaire du barillet et de l'actionneur sont constitués par un embrayage qui est commandé par les déplacements angulaires de la rondelle de façon telle que les actionnements de la serrure par de mauvaises clés se traduisent d'abord par un déplacement angulaire de l'ensemble rondelle-barillet assurant le débrayage entre l'actionneur et le barillet, puis par une rotation folle dudit ensemble sans entraînement de l'actionneur.To this end, the locks of the type in question according to the invention - which, as a reminder, comprise in a manner known per se, a notched washer mounted in the barrel axially fixed but angularly mobile and elastic means for urging this washer to rest towards a stable angular position which it occupies without moving during normal actuations of the lock by a good key - are essentially characterized in that their means for angularly securing the barrel and the actuator are constituted by a clutch which is controlled by the angular displacements of the washer so that the actuations of the lock by bad keys result first of all in an angular displacement of the washer-barrel assembly ensuring the disengagement between the actuator and the barrel, then by a crazy rotation of said assembly without actuator drive.

Il convient de rappeler ici qu'il a déjà été proposé avant l'invention de rompre la chaîne cinématique reliant le barillet à l'actionneur d'une serrure en transformant chaque tentative de forçage angulaire de cette serrure en un débrayage axial mutuel de deux pièces liées respectivement à ces deux ensembles et liées angulairement entre elles seulement pour leur position embrayée (voir document FR-1 046 542).It should be recalled here that it was already proposed before the invention to break the kinematic chain connecting the barrel to the actuator of a lock by transforming each attempt at forcing the lock angularly into a mutual axial disengagement of two parts linked respectively to these two sets and angularly linked together only for their engaged position (see document FR-1 046 542).

Mais il s'agissait alors de serrures dans lesquelles le barillet était normalement lié au canon par des poussoirs radiaux et pour lesquelles les tentatives en question se traduisaient initialement par un cisaillement desdits poussoirs, ce qui détruisait les serrures concernées.But these were locks in which the barrel was normally linked to the barrel by radial pushers and for which the attempts in question initially resulted in a shearing of said pushers, which destroyed the locks concerned.

Dans les serrures à barrettes et rondelle crantées ici considérées, les tentatives de forçage assurent le débrayage indiqué sans détériorer en rien la serrure, laquelle demeure intacte et prête à l'emploi après de telles tentatives.In the bar locks and notched washer considered here, the forcing attempts ensure the disengagement indicated without damaging the lock, which remains intact and ready for use after such attempts.

Dans des modes de réalisation préférés, on a recours en outre à l'une et/ou à l'autre des dispositions suivantes:

  • ― l'embrayage comprend un talon excentré monté axialement coulissant sur le barillet et un logement de réception de ce talon évidé dans l'actionneur, et les moyens de commande de l'embrayage comprennent une bague cylindrique dont une base est solidarisée avec la rondelle crantée et dont la tranche de l'autre base est profilée selon deux rampes inclinées en sens inverses, et un collier cylindrique monté dans le canon de façon à pouvoir coulisser axialement, mais non angulairement, par rapport à ce canon, collier dont une base est profilée selon deux rampes inclinées en sens inverses propres à glisser contre les deux rampes de la bague, et dont l'autre base est agencée de façon à prendre appui axialement, directement ou non, contre le talon d'embrayage,
  • ― dans une serrure selon l'alinéa précédent, l'appui axial entre le collier et le talon est réalisé par l'intermédiaire d'un basculeur monté pivotant autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de la serrure de façon telle que les déplacements axiaux du collier se traduisent par des déplacements axiaux du talon en sens inverse,
  • ― une serrure double comprend deux serrures élémentaires identiques selon l'alinéa précédent, juxtaposées axialement tête-bêche au niveau d'un actionneur commun, la portion centrale de cet actionneur est une galette plate évidée axialement de part en part par un logement de réception unique pour les talons des deux serrures élémentaires, ces deux talons sont appliqués axialement l'un contre l'autre par des moyens élastiques le long d'un plan transversal et l'ensemble est agencé de façon telle que, lors de l'actionnement normal de chaque serrure élémentaire par une bonne clé, ledit plan transversal soit confondu avec la face, de la galette, la plus éloignée de cette serrure élémentaire,
  • ― la tranche intérieure de la rondelle crantée est évidée radialement par cinq encoches décalées angulairement les unes des autres de 60°, ce qui fait apparaître dans ladite tranche un "écran" ou portion pleine correspondant à une absence d'encoche à mi-distance angulaire entre deux desdites encoches, le barillet comporte lui-même en tout et pour tout cinq barrettes crantées propres à coopérer respectivement avec ces cinq encoches pour la position angulaire initiale de la rondelle, ce qui fait apparaître dans ce barillet un espace exempt de barrette à mi-distance angulaire entre deux des barrettes, les encoches délimitées par les rampes de la bague ou du collier et propres à recevoir les dents délimitées par les autres rampes sont au nombre d'au moins trois, décalées mutuellement de 120° autour de l'axe de la serrure, et l'une au moins des deux barrettes décalées angulairement de 120° par rapport à l'espace exempt de barrette est évidée de deux encoches propres à chevaucher jointivement la rondelle, savoir une première encoche correspondant au déverrouillage initial de la serrure à l'aide de la bonne clé et une seconde encoche,
  • ― dans une serrure selon l'alinéa précédent, chacune des deux barrettes crantées décalées angulairement de 120° par rapport à l'espace exempt de barrette est évidée de deux encoches,
  • ― dans une serrure selon au moins l'alinéa qui précède le précédent, les encoches délimitées par les rampes sont au nombre de six, décalées de 60° de proche en proche autour de l'axe de la serrure.
In preferred embodiments, use is also made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements:
  • - The clutch comprises an eccentric heel mounted axially sliding on the barrel and a housing for receiving this heel hollowed out in the actuator, and the clutch control means comprise a cylindrical ring whose base is secured to the notched washer and whose edge of the other base is profiled according to two ramps inclined in opposite directions, and a cylindrical collar mounted in the barrel so as to be able to slide axially, but not angularly, relative to this barrel, collar of which a base is profiled according to two ramps inclined in opposite directions suitable for sliding against the two ramps of the ring, and the other base of which is arranged so as to bear axially, directly or not, against the clutch heel,
  • - In a lock according to the preceding paragraph, the axial support between the collar and the heel is produced by means of a rocker mounted pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the lock so that the axial displacements of the collar result in axial displacements of the heel in the opposite direction,
  • - A double lock comprises two identical elementary locks according to the preceding paragraph, juxtaposed axially head to tail at a common actuator, the central portion of this actuator is a wafer flat axially hollowed right through by a single receiving housing for the heels of the two elementary locks, these two heels are applied axially against one another by elastic means along a transverse plane and the assembly is arranged in such a way that, during normal actuation of each elementary lock with a good key, said transverse plane is coincident with the face, of the wafer, the most distant from this elementary lock,
  • - The inner edge of the notched washer is hollowed out radially by five notches angularly offset from each other by 60 °, which makes appear in said edge a "screen" or full portion corresponding to an absence of notch at mid-angular distance between two of said notches, the barrel itself comprises in all and for all five notched bars capable of cooperating respectively with these five notches for the initial angular position of the washer, which makes appear in this barrel a space free of barrette at mid angular distance between two of the bars, the notches delimited by the ramps of the ring or of the collar and suitable for receiving the teeth delimited by the other ramps are at least three in number, mutually offset by 120 ° around the axis of the lock, and at least one of the two bars angularly offset by 120 ° with respect to the bar-free space is hollowed out by two notches suitable for overlapping the washer, namely a first notch corresponding to the initial unlocking of the lock using the correct key and a second notch,
  • - in a lock according to the previous paragraph, each of the two notched bars angularly offset by 120 ° with respect to the bar-free space is hollowed out by two notches,
  • - In a lock according to at least the paragraph preceding the previous one, the notches delimited by the ramps are six in number, offset by 60 ° step by step around the axis of the lock.

Les dispositions explicitées dans les deux derniers alinéas ci-dessus permettent de changer, à l'aide d'une clé appropriée, la composition de déverrouillage de la serrure, ainsi qu'il sera explicité ci-après.The provisions explained in the last two paragraphs above make it possible to change, using an appropriate key, the composition for unlocking the lock, as will be explained below.

L'invention comprend, mises à part ces dispositions principales, certaines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après.The invention includes, apart from these main provisions, certain other provisions which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.

Dans ce qui suit, l'on va décrire un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention en se référant aux dessins ci-annexés d'une manière bien entendu non limitative.

  • La figure 1, de ces dessins, montre en vue perspective quelques-uns des composants d'une serrure de sûreté établie selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 montre en coupe axiale une portion de la même serrure.
  • La figure 3 montre à échelle réduite une partie de cette coupe axiale pour une autre position de fonctionnement de la serrure.
  • Les figures 4, 5 et 6 montrent de façon schématique les positions angulaires qu'occupe la rondelle crantée comprise par une variante perfectionnée d'une telle serrure, positions correspondant respectivement à trois combinaisons de déverrouillage distinctes de cette serrure.
In what follows, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in a manner which is of course not limiting.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings shows in perspective some of the components of a security lock established according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows in axial section a portion of the same lock.
  • Figure 3 shows on a reduced scale part of this axial section for another operating position of the lock.
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 schematically show the angular positions occupied by the toothed washer included by an improved variant of such a lock, positions corresponding respectively to three distinct unlocking combinations of this lock.

La serrure considérée est du type à pompe et la clé 1 destinée à la commander comporte un anneau de préhension 2, une tige centrale 3, un panneton radial 4 et une couronne de plages frontales découpées 5 décalées longitudinalement les unes par rapport aux autres.The lock in question is of the pump type and the key 1 intended for controlling it comprises a grasping ring 2, a central rod 3, a radial bit 4 and a crown of cut front plates 5 offset longitudinally with respect to each other.

Cette serrure est ici double, c'est-à-dire composée de deux serrures élémentaires identiques juxtaposées tête-bêche selon la direction d'un axe X commun de part et d'autre d'une pièce centrale 6, dite actionneur; cette pièce comporte elle-même un voile ou galette transversal 7 à faces parallèles évidé par une lumière non circulaire 8 et un manchon cylindrique 9 entourant ce voile et prolongé radialement vers l'extérieur par une patte 10 ou par une roue dentée.This lock is double here, that is to say composed of two identical elementary locks juxtaposed head to tail in the direction of a common axis X on either side of a central part 6, called actuator; this part itself comprises a transverse veil or wafer 7 with parallel faces hollowed out by a non-circular lumen 8 and a cylindrical sleeve 9 surrounding this veil and extended radially outwards by a lug 10 or by a toothed wheel.

Les rotations de cette patte 10 autour de l'axe X, commandées par l'introduction et la rotation d'une bonne clé dans l'une ou l'autre des deux serrures élémentaires, sont exploitées aux fins d'ouverture et de fermeture de la serrure à l'aide de moyens connus et non représentées ici.The rotations of this tab 10 around the axis X, controlled by the introduction and rotation of a good key in one or the other of the two elementary locks, are used for the purpose of opening and closing the lock using known means and not shown here.

Dans ce qui va suivre, on décrit plus spécialement l'une des deux serrures élémentaires identiques.In what follows, one of the two identical elementary locks is more specifically described.

Cette serrure élémentaire comprend un stator ou "canon" dont une portion est visible en 11 sur la figure 1 et un rotor ou "barillet" 12 solidarisable angulairement avec l'actionneur 6 et logé dans le canon 11 de façon axialement fixe et angulairement mobile autour de l'axe X.This elementary lock comprises a stator or "barrel" a portion of which is visible at 11 in FIG. 1 and a rotor or "barrel" 12 which can be fixed angularly with the actuator 6 and housed in the barrel 11 axially fixed and angularly movable around of the X axis.

Ce barillet 12 comprend lui-même:

  • ― une cage 13 évidée axialement par un trou de clé 14 et radialement par une rainure longitudinale 15 propre à recevoir le panneton 4 de la clé et par une pluralité de fentes longitudinales 16,
  • ― des barrettes crantées 17 logées dans ces fentes 16 et sollicitées axialement vers la sortie de la serrure ou du trou de clé 14 par des ressorts 18 (figure 2), les extrémités axiales 19, de ces barrettes 17, les plus proches de ladite sortie étant propres à coagir avec les plages frontales 5 de la clé,
  • ― et un talon excentré 20 - -parfois appelé "paillette d'entraînement"- - monté axialement coulissant sur l'extrémité, de la cage 13, la plus éloignée de la sortie de la serrure, extrémité adjacente au voile 7 de l'actionneur.
This barrel 12 itself includes:
  • A cage 13 hollowed out axially by a key hole 14 and radially by a longitudinal groove 15 suitable for receiving the bit 4 of the key and by a plurality of longitudinal slots 16,
  • - notched bars 17 housed in these slots 16 and biased axially towards the outlet of the lock or of the key hole 14 by springs 18 (FIG. 2), the axial ends 19, of these bars 17, closest to said outlet being able to interact with the front areas 5 of the key,
  • - and an eccentric heel 20 - -sometimes called "drive flake" - - axially sliding mounted on the end of the cage 13, the furthest from the outlet of the lock, the end adjacent to the veil 7 of the actuator.

Ledit talon 20 et ses organes de guidage sont agencés de façon telle que ce talon puisse être, soit logé axialement dans la lumière 8, soit dégagé axialement hors de cette lumière et que, dans la première de ces deux positions, il puisse coagir avec les bords de ladite lumière aux fins d'entraînement en rotations de la patte 10.Said heel 20 and its guide members are arranged in such a way that this heel can either be housed axially in the lumen 8, or be released axially out of this lumen and that, in the first of these two positions, it can interact with the edges of said lumen for the purpose of rotating the tab 10.

Les profils respectifs de la lumière 8 et du talon 20 ne sont pas rigoureusement complémentaires: celui de la lumière est un peu peu large que celui du talon afin de rendre possibles pour ce dernier des courses angulaires mortes de petite amplitude correspondant aux phases de débrayage qui seront décrites plus loin.The respective profiles of the light 8 and the heel 20 are not strictly complementary: that of the light is a little bit wide than that of the heel in order to make possible for the latter dead angular strokes of small amplitude corresponding to the declutching phases which will be described later.

Le barillet 12 est terminé, à son extrémité axiale opposée à la sortie de la serrure, par une plaquette transversale de fermeture 50 (figure 2) légèrement débordante qui est juxtaposée axialement en permanence contre le voile 7.The barrel 12 is terminated, at its axial end opposite the outlet of the lock, by a transverse closure plate 50 (FIG. 2) slightly projecting which is juxtaposed axially permanently against the web 7.

On prévoit en outre, montée dans une gorge annulaire extérieure du barillet, une rondelle crantée 21 propre à coagir avec les barrettes 17 aux fins de blocage angulaire de ce barillet, tant que l'intensité des couples exercés sur lui demeure inférieure à un seuil prédéterminé.It is further provided, mounted in an external annular groove of the barrel, a notched washer 21 adapted to interact with the bars 17 for the purpose of angular blocking of this barrel, as long as the intensity of the couples exerted on it remains below a predetermined threshold. .

Pour permettre ledit montage, la rondelle 21 est composée de deux arceaux semi-circulaires juxtaposés.To allow said mounting, the washer 21 is composed of two semi-circular arches juxtaposed.

Elle présente intérieurement une série d'encoches radiales 22 propres à livrer passage axialement aux barrettes 17 en chevauchant jointivement ces barrettes, mais non les encoches 23 évidées dans celles-ci.It has internally a series of radial notches 22 capable of delivering passage axially to the bars 17 by overlapping these bars, but not the notches 23 hollowed out therein.

Dans ces conditions, lorsque l'une au moins des barrettes présente axialement l'une de ses portions non encochées au niveau de la rondelle 21, ce qui est le cas tant qu'une bonne clé n'est pas introduite à fond dans le trou de clé 14, il y a solidarisation angulaire entre cette rondelle et cette barrette et donc entre la rondelle et le barillet 12.Under these conditions, when at least one of the bars has one of its non-notched portions axially at the level of the washer 21, which is the case as long as a good key is not fully inserted into the key hole 14, there is an angular connection between this washer and this bar and therefore between the washer and the barrel 12.

Si donc la rondelle est solidaire du canon, comme c'est généralement le cas dans les modes de réalisation connus, cette solidarisation correspond à un blocage angulaire complet du barillet, empêchant toute manoeuvre de l'actionneur 6.If the washer is therefore integral with the barrel, as is generally the case in known embodiments, this attachment corresponds to complete angular blocking of the barrel, preventing any actuation of the actuator 6.

Si au contraire chacune des barrettes 17 présente axialement au niveau de la rondelle l'une de ses encoches 23, par suite de l'introduction axiale complète d'une bonne clé dans le trou 14, ces encoches peuvent défiler angulairement le long de la rondelle, en chevauchant alors les portions, de cette rondelle, qui font saillie vers l'axe X. En d'autres termes, la rondelle n'entrave plus aucunement les rotations du barillet 12: celui-ci peut donc être entraîne en rotation sous la commande de la bonnne clé, par coopération du panneton 4 de cette clé avec la rainure 15 de ce barillet, et, si le talon 20 est engagé dans la lumière 8, l'actionneur 6 est également entraîné de sorte que la serrure peut être ouverte ou fermée au gré du détenteur de la bonne clé.If, on the contrary, each of the bars 17 has axially at the level of the washer one of its notches 23, as a result of the complete axial introduction of a good key into the hole 14, these notches can pass angularly along the washer , then overlapping the portions of this washer, which protrude towards the axis X. In other words, the washer no longer hinders the rotations of the barrel 12: the latter can therefore be driven in rotation under the control of the good key, by cooperation of the bit 4 of this key with the groove 15 of this barrel, and, if the heel 20 is engaged in the slot 8, the actuator 6 is also driven so that the lock can be opened or closed at the option of the correct key holder.

L'invention diffère des réalisations qui viennent d'être rappelées en ce que la rondelle n'est plus solidaire du canon: elle est ici montée folle par rapport à ce canon et sollicitée élastiquement en permanence, lorsque la serrure est au repos, vers une position angulaire moyenne stable.The invention differs from the embodiments which have just been recalled in that the washer is no longer attached to the barrel: it is here mounted idly with respect to this barrel and permanently resiliently urged, when the lock is at rest, towards a stable average angular position.

Chaque couple exercé sur cette rondelle par au moins une barrette 17 se traduit alors par un léger déplacement angularie de celui-ci et ce léger déplacement est exploité, conformément à l'invention, de façon à débrayer le barillet 12 de l'actionneur 6, ou plus précisément à dégager axialement le talon 20 hors de la lumière 8.Each couple exerted on this washer by at least one bar 17 then results in a slight angular displacement thereof and this slight displacement is used, in accordance with the invention, so as to disengage the barrel 12 of the actuator 6, or more precisely to axially release the heel 20 from the lumen 8.

Pour transformer ledit déplacement angulaire de la rondelle 21 en déplacement axial du talon 20, on a recours à la coopération de rampes obliques solidaires respectivement de ces deux éléments et appliquées axialement l'un contre l'autre au moins pour la position de repos de la serrure.To transform said angular displacement of the washer 21 into axial displacement of the heel 20, recourse is had to the cooperation of oblique ramps secured respectively to these two elements and applied axially against one another at least for the rest position of the lock.

A cet effet, dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la rondelle 21 est solidarisée angulairement avec l'une des bases d'une bague d'entraînement cylindrique 24 qui s'étend axialement autour du barillet vers l'intérieur de la serrure par rapport à la rondelle et dont l'autre base est évidée par au moins une encoche 25 en V. Ladite solidarisation angulaire est assurée par exemple par introduction de pattes 37 prolongeant axialement la base concernée dans des encoches 38 évidées dans la tranche extérieure de la rondelle.To this end, in the illustrated embodiment, the washer 21 is angularly secured to one of the bases of a cylindrical drive ring 24 which extends axially around the barrel towards the inside of the lock relative to the washer and the other base of which is hollowed out by at least one notch 25 in V. Said angular fastening is ensured for example by the introduction of lugs 37 axially extending the base concerned in notches 38 hollowed out in the outer edge of the washer.

Et l'on monte fou autour de la portion, du barillet, encore plus intérieure à la serrure que la bague 24, un collier cylindrique 26.And we go crazy around the portion, of the barrel, even more inside the lock than the ring 24, a cylindrical collar 26.

Au moins une dent 27 fait saillie axialement sur la base, de ce collier 26, tournée vers la bague 24, dent dont le profil en V est complémentaire de celui de l'encoche 25 en qui, au repos de la serrure, est introduite dans cette encoche comme visible à la figure 1.At least one tooth 27 protrudes axially from the base of this collar 26, facing the ring 24, a tooth whose V-shaped profile is complementary to that of the notch 25 in which, at rest of the lock, is introduced into this notch as visible in figure 1.

Le couple encoche 25-dent 27 peut être unique, mais pour équilibrer les efforts autour de l'axe de la serrure, il est avantageux de prévoir au moins deux tels couples, répartis autour dudit axe, et de préférence trois, décalés angulairement de 120° les uns par rapport aux autres.The notched 25-tooth 27 torque may be unique, but to balance the forces around the axis of the lock, it is advantageous to provide at least two such couples, distributed around said axis, and preferably three, angularly offset by 120 ° relative to each other.

Le collier 26 est en outre muni d'une patte 28 s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur et montée de façon à coulisser dans une gorge axiale 29 elle-même évidée dans une pièce solidaire du canon 11.The collar 26 is further provided with a lug 28 extending radially outward and mounted so as to slide in an axial groove 29 itself hollowed out in a part integral with the barrel 11.

Ainsi ledit collier 26 peut se déplacer axialement le long du barillet, mais il est bloqué angulairement autour de l'axe de ce barillet.Thus said collar 26 can move axially along the barrel, but it is locked angularly around the axis of this barrel.

Les déplacements axiaux du collier 26 sont transmis au talon 20 de toute manière désirable assurant le débrayage, c'est-à-dire le dégagement axial du talon 20 hors de la lumière 8.The axial displacements of the collar 26 are transmitted to the heel 20 in any desirable manner ensuring disengagement, that is to say the axial disengagement of the heel 20 from the slot 8.

Une construction simple consisterait à appliquer directement selon la direction axiale la tranche 30, du collier 26, la plus éloignée des dents 27 contre une portée solidaire du talon 20.A simple construction would consist in applying directly in the axial direction the edge 30 of the collar 26, the furthest from the teeth 27 against a bearing secured to the heel 20.

Dans un tel cas, le dégagement du talon 20 hors de la lumière 8 serait effectué en s'éloignant du barillet, savoir vers la gauche sur la figure 1, et ce talon serait raccordé à un tronçon cylindrique de révolution qui subsisterait seul dans la lumière 8 lors dudit dégagement, de façon à rendre possibles les rotations de l'actionneur 6.In such a case, the clearance of the heel 20 from the lumen 8 would be carried out away from the barrel, namely to the left in FIG. 1, and this heel would be connected to a cylindrical section of revolution which would remain alone in the lumen 8 during said release, so as to make possible the rotations of the actuator 6.

Mais une telle construction ne peut être envisagée que lorsque la serrure considérée est unique, c'est-à-dire ne permet un actionnement qu'à partir d'un côté de la porte équipée par elle.However, such a construction can only be envisaged when the lock considered is unique, that is to say only allows actuation from one side of the door fitted by it.

Dans la version à double commande illustrée, les dégagements du talon 20 de la serrure élémentaire considérée hors de la lumière 8 ne peuvent être effectués dans le sens indiqué, car le volume situé immédiatement à gauche de ladite lumière sur la figure 1 est déjà occupé par le talon de l'autre serrure élémentaire: ces dégagements doivent donc faire rentrer ce talon 20 dans le barillet 12, vers la droite sur la figure 1.In the dual control version illustrated, the heel clearances 20 of the elementary lock considered outside the light 8 cannot be made in the direction indicated, since the volume located immediately to the left of said light in FIG. 1 is already occupied by the heel of the other elementary lock: these clearances must therefore bring this heel 20 into the barrel 12, to the right in FIG. 1.

A cet effet, on transforme les déplacements axiaux du collier 26 en déplacements axiaux de sens inverse du talon 20, ce pour quoi l'on a recours à un basculeur 31 s'étendant radialement et monté rotatif autour d'un pivot 32 d'axe transversal Y perpendiculaire à l'axe X.To this end, the axial displacements of the collar 26 are transformed into axial displacements of the heel 20 in the opposite direction, which is why a rocker 31 extending radially and rotatably mounted around a pivot 32 with an axis is used. transverse Y perpendicular to the X axis.

Le mécanisme est agencé de façon telle que la tranche 30 du collier 26 puisse prendre appui axialement contre le bras interne dudit basculeur 31, bras le plus proche de l'axe X, alors que le bras externe de ce basculeur peut prendre appui axialement contre une portée 33 solidaire du talon 20 (voir figure 2).The mechanism is arranged in such a way that the edge 30 of the collar 26 can bear axially against the internal arm of said rocker 31, arm closest to the X axis, while the external arm of this rocker can bear axially against a carried 33 secured to the heel 20 (see Figure 2).

Un ressort hélicoïdal de compression 34 d'axe X disposé au coeur du barillet prend appui axialement contre le talon 20 de façon à le solliciter constamment vers la sortie du barillet (vers la gauche sur la figure 1) pour l'introduire dans la lumière 8.A helical compression spring 34 of axis X disposed at the heart of the barrel bears axially against the heel 20 so as to constantly urge it towards the outlet of the barrel (to the left in FIG. 1) to introduce it into the lumen 8 .

Pour la position la plus sortie de ce talon, qui est représentée sur la figure 2, on observe à la fois le contact entre la portée 33 du talon 20 et le bras interne du basculeur 31 et le contact entre le bras externe de ce basculeur et la tranche 30 du collier 26.For the most extended position of this heel, which is shown in FIG. 2, there is both the contact between the bearing surface 33 of the heel 20 and the internal arm of the rocker 31 and the contact between the external arm of this rocker and the edge 30 of the collar 26.

En d'autres termes, la détente du ressort 34 assure alors l'application axiale du collier 26 contre la bague 24 avec les dents 27 du premier introduites à fond dans les encoches 25 de la seconde.In other words, the relaxation of the spring 34 then ensures the axial application of the collar 26 against the ring 24 with the teeth 27 of the first fully inserted into the notches 25 of the second.

Le talon 20 de la serrure élémentaire considérée demeure en permanence juxtaposé axialement contre le talon 20′ (figure 2) de l'autre serrure élémentaire jumelée tête-bêche avec elle, le long d'un plan transversal P.The heel 20 of the elementary lock considered remains permanently juxtaposed axially against the heel 20 ′ (FIG. 2) of the other elementary lock paired head to tail with it, along a transverse plane P.

Pour la position totalement sortie du talon 20 qui vient d'être définie, ce plan P est confondu avec celui de la face, du voile 7, la plus éloignée de la serrure élémentaire équipée dudit talon.For the fully extended position of the heel 20 which has just been defined, this plane P is coincident with that of the face, of the web 7, the most distant from the elementary lock equipped with said heel.

En d'autres termes, seul ce talon est alors engagé dans la lumière 8 (position embrayée) et l'autre talon 20′ demeure totalement dégagé de cette lumière (position débrayée) et ne peut donc en interdire les rotations.In other words, only this heel is then engaged in the lumen 8 (engaged position) and the other heel 20 ′ remains completely clear of this lumen (disengaged position) and cannot therefore prevent rotation.

Sur la figure 2 les composants de la serrure élémentaire jumelée sont affectés des mêmes références que les composants de la première serrure élémentaire ci-dessus décrite, mais affectés de l'indice.In FIG. 2, the components of the twin elementary lock are given the same references than the components of the first elementary lock described above, but affected by the index.

On voit qui c'est la détente simultanée des deux ressorts 34 et 34′ qui assure la juxtaposition axiale permanente des deux talons 20 et 20′, et que la position "totalement sortie" définie ci-dessus du talon 20 correspond à la position "totalement rentrée" du talon 20′ dans son barillet.We see that it is the simultaneous relaxation of the two springs 34 and 34 ′ which ensures the permanent axial juxtaposition of the two heels 20 and 20 ′, and that the “fully extended” position defined above of the heel 20 corresponds to the position “ fully retracted "from the heel 20 ′ in its barrel.

On voit également sur la figure 2, au centre de chaque serrure élémentaire, une tige centrale 35, 35′ terminée par une collerette 36, 36′ logée dans le talon 20, 20′ correspondant, tige facilitant le montage de ce talon et celui du ressort 34, 34′ appliqué contre lui.We also see in Figure 2, in the center of each elementary lock, a central rod 35, 35 ′ terminated by a collar 36, 36 ′ housed in the corresponding heel 20, 20 ′, rod facilitating the mounting of this heel and that of the spring 34, 34 ′ applied against it.

La figure 3 montre la position occupée par les deux talons 20 et 20′ lorsque c'est la serrure élémentaire jumelée, disposée à droite sur les figures 1 et 2, qui est actionnée par une clé.Figure 3 shows the position occupied by the two heels 20 and 20 ′ when it is the twin elementary lock, arranged on the right in Figures 1 and 2, which is actuated by a key.

Le fonctionnement de chaque serrure élémentaire ci-dessus décrite est le suivant. (Il sera décrit à propos de la serrure élémentaire représentée sur la figure 1 et sur la moitié de gauche de la figure 2, mais c'est le même pour l'autre serrure élémentaire).The operation of each elementary lock described above is as follows. (It will be described with regard to the elementary lock shown in FIG. 1 and on the left half of FIG. 2, but it is the same for the other elementary lock).

La simple introduction axiale d'une clé 1 dans le trou de serrure 14 se traduit par la sortie maximum au sens défini ci-dessus du talon 20, c'est-à-dire par son introduction exclusive dans la lumière 8 de l'actionneur 6 (position embrayée), et ce par simple poussée axiale directe de ladite clé 1 contre la tige 35 et détente du ressort 34.The simple axial introduction of a key 1 into the keyhole 14 results in the maximum output in the sense defined above of the heel 20, that is to say by its exclusive introduction into the light 8 of the actuator 6 (engaged position), and this by simple direct axial thrust of said key 1 against the rod 35 and relaxation of the spring 34.

Le talon 20 étant sorti au maximum le renvoi effectué par le basculeur 31 applique axialement le collier 26 contre la bague 24, avec engagement à fond des dents 27 dans les encoches 25.With the heel 20 having extended as far as possible, the return made by the rocker 31 axially applies the collar 26 against the ring 24, with engagement of the teeth 27 in the notches 25.

Après introduction axiale à fond de la clé 1 dans le trou de clé 14, l'usager sollicite cette clé angulairement.After axial insertion of the key 1 into the key hole 14, the user requests this key angularly.

La réaction de la serrure diffère alors selon que la clé est ou non une bonne clé.The reaction of the lock then differs depending on whether or not the key is a good key.

Si la clé est bonne, toutes les encoches 23 des barrettes 17 se trouvent alors au niveau axial de la rondelle 21, cette dernière n'oppose aucune résistance aux rotations du barillet et ce dernier peut être entraîné angulariement sans entrave par la clé, ce qui entraîne angulairement en rotation le talon 20 et l'actionneur 6: c'est l'ouverture de la serrure.If the key is good, all the notches 23 of the bars 17 are then at the axial level of the washer 21, the latter does not oppose any resistance to the rotation of the barrel and the latter can be angularly driven without hindrance by the key, which angularly rotates the heel 20 and the actuator 6: this is the opening of the lock.

Si au contraire la clé n'est pas bonne, l'une au moins des barrettes 17 vient buter angulairement contre la rondelle 21 et sollicite celle-ci en rotation, ainsi que la bague 24, à l'encontre de la force de rappel du ressort 34.If on the contrary the key is not good, at least one of the bars 17 abuts angularly against the washer 21 and biases the latter in rotation, as well as the ring 24, against the restoring force of the spring 34.

Si le couple ainsi exercé dépasse un certain seuil, la bague 24 est déplacée angulairement et la coopération mutuelle de ses encoches 25 avec les dents 27 du collier 26 angulairement fixe ont pour effet de repousser axialement ce dernier et donc, par l'intermédiaire du basculeur 31, de faire rentrer le talon 20 dans le barillet 12.If the torque thus exerted exceeds a certain threshold, the ring 24 is angularly displaced and the mutual cooperation of its notches 25 with the teeth 27 of the angularly fixed collar 26 have the effect of pushing the latter axially and therefore, by means of the rocker 31, to fit the heel 20 into the barrel 12.

Ledit talon est donc débrayé de l'actionneur 6.Said heel is therefore disengaged from the actuator 6.

Dès lors la poursuite de la rotation de la clé 1 entraîne avec celle-ci l'ensemble, devenu fou en rotation, du barillet 17, de la rondelle 21, de la bague 24, du collier 26 et du talon 20.Consequently, the continued rotation of the key 1 brings with it the assembly, which has become madly in rotation, of the barrel 17, the washer 21, the ring 24, the collar 26 and the heel 20.

En d'autres termes, l'actionnement de la serrure par une mauvaise clé se traduit par une rotation folle de cette clé sans aucun entraînement de l'actionneur 6.In other words, actuation of the lock by a wrong key results in a crazy rotation of this key without any drive of the actuator 6.

Il n'est donc plus possible de forcer la serrure en augmentant le couple exercé sur une mauvaise clé.It is therefore no longer possible to force the lock by increasing the torque exerted on a bad key.

Dès que cette mauvaise clé est retirée du trou de serrure 14, l'ensemble des composants retourne en sa position de repos initiale et la serrure est à nouveau prête à être normalement actionée par une bonne clé.As soon as this bad key is removed from the keyhole 14, all of the components return to its initial rest position and the lock is again ready to be normally actuated by a good key.

Pour assurer une application axiale mutuelle constante de la rondelle 21, de la bague 24 et du collier 26, même lorsque le basculeur 31 n'est pas sollicité dans sa position qui assure une telle application (position du basculeur de gauche sur la figure 2), on a recours avantageusement à un bout de ressort hélicoïdal 51 monté autour du tube fendu constitutif du barillet 13 et interposé axialement entre la bordure périphérique de la plaquette de fermeture 50 et la tranche en regard du collier 26.To ensure mutual axial application constant of the washer 21, of the ring 24 and of the collar 26, even when the rocker 31 is not stressed in its position which ensures such an application (position of the left rocker in FIG. 2), recourse is advantageously to a helical spring end 51 mounted around the split tube constituting the barrel 13 and interposed axially between the peripheral edge of the closure plate 50 and the edge facing the collar 26.

De préférence encore un anneau supplémentaire (non représenté) est inséré axialement entre ledit ressort 51 et ladite tranche pour mieux répartir l'effort axial de ce ressort sur le collier 26 et pour rendre plus libres les débattements angulaires du basculeur 31: l'extrémité externe de ce basculeur est alors logée dans une encoche évidée dans la tranche, dudit anneau, orientée vers le ressort.More preferably, an additional ring (not shown) is inserted axially between said spring 51 and said edge to better distribute the axial force of this spring on the collar 26 and to make the angular deflections of the rocker 31 more free: the outer end of this rocker is then housed in a notch hollowed out in the edge, of said ring, oriented towards the spring.

Dans des variantes perfectionnées, la serrure ci-dessus décrite est agencée en outre de façon telle que sa combinaison de déverrouillage puisse être très facilement modifiée sans démontage, à l'aide d'une simple clé.In improved variants, the lock described above is further arranged in such a way that its unlocking combination can be very easily modified without dismantling, using a simple key.

Un tel changement peut se révéler intéressant pour interdire au moins provisoirement le déverrouillage de la serrure par les clés qui étaient considérées comne bonnes dans un premier temps, par exemple à la suite de la perte d'une telle clé, ou encore pour condamner provisoirement l'accès contrôlé par ladite serrure aux détenteurs d'une telle clé.Such a change may prove to be advantageous for at least temporarily prohibiting the unlocking of the lock by the keys which were considered to be good at first, for example following the loss of such a key, or even for temporarily condemning the 'access controlled by said lock to holders of such a key.

On exploite à cet effet le fait que la rondelle crantée 21 puisse être déplacée angulairenent dans certaines conditions, par mise en oeuvre du débrayage ci-dessus décrit.It exploits for this purpose the fact that the notched washer 21 can be angularly displaced under certain conditions, by implementing the clutch described above.

Dans les variantes en question, d'une façon connue en soi, le nombre des encoches radiales 22 évidées dans la tranche intérieure de la rondelle 21 est égal à cinq, chacune de ces encoches étant décalée angulairement de ses voisines de 60°, ce qui fait apparaître une absence d'encoche ou "écran" 40 à mi-distance angulaire entre deux desdites encoches (voir figures 4 à 6): de même le nombre des barrettes crantées 17 qui sont montées de façon longitudinalement coulissante sur le barillet et qui sont susceptibles de coopérer avec les encoches 22 est égal à cinq, ces barrettes étant décalées angulairement de 60° les unes par rapport aux autres autour de l'axe du barillet, ce qui fait apparaître à mi-distance entre deux telles barrettes un espace 41 (figure 1) vide de barrette, espace communiquant avec la rainure 15 ci-dessus.In the variants in question, in a manner known per se, the number of radial notches 22 hollowed out in the inner edge of the washer 21 is equal to five, each of these notches being angularly offset from its neighbors by 60 °, which shows an absence of notch or "screen" 40 at half angular distance between two of said notches (see FIGS. 4 to 6): even the number of notched bars 17 which are mounted longitudinally sliding on the barrel and which are capable of cooperating with the notches 22 is equal to five, these bars being angularly offset by 60 ° relative to each other around the axis of the barrel, which shows at mid-distance between two such bars a space 41 (Figure 1) empty barrette, space communicating with the groove 15 above.

De plus, on donne au nombre des couples encoches 25-dents 27 décrits ci-dessus le nombre de trois, décalés mutuellement de 120° autour de l'axe de la serrure, ce qui permet de donner à l'ensemble bague 24-rondelle 21 trois positions angulaires stables décalées entre elles de 120° par rapport au canon 11 et aux organes angulairement liés à ce canon (barillet 12 en sa position de repos, collier 26,...).In addition, the number of notched pairs 25-teeth 27 described above is given the number of three, mutually offset by 120 ° around the axis of the lock, which makes it possible to give the ring 24-washer assembly. 21 three stable angular positions offset from each other by 120 ° relative to the barrel 11 and to the members angularly linked to this barrel (barrel 12 in its rest position, collar 26, etc.).

En outre, et selon le perfectionnement ici considéré, l'une au moins des deux barrettes crantées 17 - - appelées "barrettes de changement" ci-après- - correspondant à l'une des deux positions décalées angulairement de 120° par rapport à l'espace vide 41 est évidée non seulement de l'encoche 23 explicitée ci-dessus, mais également par une seconde encoche 42.In addition, and according to the improvement considered here, at least one of the two notched bars 17 - - called "change bars" below - - corresponding to one of the two positions angularly offset by 120 ° with respect to the the empty space 41 is hollowed out not only by the notch 23 explained above, but also by a second notch 42.

Pour modifier la combinaison de la serrure ainsi définie, on a recours à une "clé de changement" susceptible de placer:

  • ― d'une part la totalité des barrettes 17 autres que la barrette de changement en leurs positions longitudinales normales de déverrouillage correspondant à l'introduction de la bonne clé initiale 1 dans la serrure,
  • ― et d'autre part la barrette de changement en sa position longitudinale pour laquelle sa seconde encoche 42 se trouve radialement en regard de la rondelle 21.
To modify the combination of the lock thus defined, use a "change key" capable of placing:
  • On the one hand, all of the bars 17 other than the bar for changing into their normal longitudinal unlocking positions corresponding to the introduction of the correct initial key 1 into the lock,
  • - and on the other hand the change bar in its longitudinal position for which its second notch 42 is located radially opposite the washer 21.

Pour effectuer le changement en question, il suffit alors:

  • ― d'enfoncer la clé de changement à fond dans la serrure, ce qui place longitudinalement les barrettes en leurs positions qui viennent d'être définies,
  • ― puis de faire tourner ladite clé de 120° dans le sens (le sens horaire H sur la figure 4) qui amène la barrette de changement en regard de l'écran 40, ce qui est possible avec entraînement angulaire du barillet et non pas de la rondelle 21 vu que la totalité des barrettes présentent alors des encoches 23, 42 au niveau longitudinal de cette rondelle 21,
  • ― puis de dégager légèrement la clé vers la sortie de la serrure, ce qui est rendu possible en prévoyant pour cette clé une patte 4 de petite dimension axiale, dégagement qui fait reculer longitudinalement les quatre barrettes autres que la barrette de changement vers leur position de repos initiale, recul qui solidarise angulairement la rondelle et le barillet, la barrette de changement demeurant alors bloquée longitudinalement par l'écran 40,
  • ― puis de faire tourner la clé de 120° en sens inverse du précédent (sens de la flèche F sur la figure 4), ce qui ramène le barillet en sa position d'origine tout en entraînant angulairement avec lui la rondelle 21, cet entraînement angulaire étant rendu possible par la constitution même de la serrure à débrayage axial ci-dessus décrite, puisque le débrayage est alors commandé par un dégagement axial des dents 27 hors des encoches 25, la fin de ce déplacement angulaire se traduisant par un nouvel engagement axial de ces dents dans ces encoches,
  • ― et enfin de dégager axialement la clé.
To make the change in question, it suffices:
  • - insert the change key fully into the lock, which places the bars longitudinally in their positions which have just been defined,
  • - Then rotate said key 120 ° in the direction (clockwise H in Figure 4) which brings the change bar next to the screen 40, which is possible with angular drive of the barrel and not the washer 21 since all of the bars then have notches 23, 42 at the longitudinal level of this washer 21,
  • - Then slightly release the key towards the exit of the lock, which is made possible by providing for this key a tab 4 of small axial dimension, clearance which makes the four bars other than the change bar move back longitudinally towards their position of initial rest, recoil which angularly secures the washer and the barrel, the change bar then remaining blocked longitudinally by the screen 40,
  • - Then rotate the key 120 ° in the opposite direction to the previous one (direction of arrow F in Figure 4), which returns the barrel to its original position while angularly driving the washer 21 with it, this drive angular being made possible by the very constitution of the lock with axial release described above, since the release is then controlled by an axial release of the teeth 27 out of the notches 25, the end of this angular displacement resulting in a new axial engagement of these teeth in these notches,
  • - And finally to release the key axially.

La composition de déverrouillage de la serrure qui résulte de la nouvelle position angulaire ainsi donnée à la rondelle est différente de la précédente puisque maintenant l'écran 40 occupe la position qui était initialement occupée par une encoche 22 de la rondelle 21 (figure 5) et que la barrette de changement se trouve bloquée par cet écran en sa position longitudinale correspondant au chevauchement de la rondelle par la seconde encoche 42: cette position ne correspond pas à celle des déverrouillages initiaux de la serrure par la bonne clé 1, pour laquelle c'était la première encoche 22 de la barrette de changement qui devait être amenée au niveau longitudinal de la rondelle 21.The composition for unlocking the lock which results from the new angular position thus given to the washer is different from the previous one since now the screen 40 occupies the position which was initially occupied by a notch 22 of the washer 21 (FIG. 5) and that the change bar is blocked by this screen in its longitudinal position corresponding to the overlap of the washer by the second notch 42: this position does not correspond to that of the initial unlocks of the lock by the correct key 1, for which it was the first notch 22 of the change bar which was to be brought to the longitudinal level of the washer 21.

Il est dès lors nécessaire, pour déverrouiller la serrure, de disposer d'une nouvelle clé ou "seconde bonne clé".It is therefore necessary, to unlock the lock, to have a new key or "second good key".

Cette seconde bonne clé diffère de la bonne clé 1 initiale par la taille correspondant à la position angulaire de l'écran 40: cette taille doit en effet être suffisamment dégagée pour que l'introduction de la clé ne soit pas entravée par la barrette de changement bloquée par ledit écran.This second good key differs from the good initial key 1 by the size corresponding to the angular position of the screen 40: this size must indeed be sufficiently clear so that the introduction of the key is not hampered by the change bar blocked by said screen.

Bien entendu, pour être efficace, cette mesure suppose que la position longitudinalement bloquée de la barrette de changement correspondant au chevauchement de la rondelle par la seconde encoche de cette barrette soit plus proche de la sortie de la serrure que la position de déverrouillage initiale de ladite barrette correspondant à son actionnement par la bonne clé 1.Of course, to be effective, this measure assumes that the longitudinally blocked position of the change bar corresponding to the overlap of the washer by the second notch of this bar is closer to the exit of the lock than the initial unlocking position of said bar corresponding to its actuation by the correct key 1.

Pour guider et délimiter avec précision les différents déplacements axiaux et angulaires de la clé de changement, on peut prévoir un manchon tubulaire entourant cette clé, ce manchon étant évidé par une rainure interne présentant la forme générale d'un rectangle incurvé et propre à recevoir un ergot solidaire de la clé.To guide and delimit with precision the different axial and angular displacements of the change key, one can provide a tubular sleeve surrounding this key, this sleeve being hollowed out by an internal groove having the general shape of a curved rectangle and suitable for receiving a lug secured to the key.

Ce manchon peut en outre être équipé d'un ressort sollicitant constamment la clé dans le sens de la sortie de la serrure par rapport au manchon.This sleeve can also be equipped with a spring constantly urging the key in the direction of the exit of the lock relative to the sleeve.

Le changement de combinaison de déverrouillage qui a été décrit ci-dessus présente l'avantage d'être réversible: il suffit en effet d'imposer à la clé de changement la séquence de déplacements inverse de celle décrite ci-dessus pour que la serrure soit remise en son état de fonctionnement initial, c'est-à-dire soit à nouveau déverrouillable par la bonne clé initiale.The change in unlocking combination which has been described above has the advantage of being reversible: it suffices to impose on the change key the sequence of movements opposite to that described above for the lock to be return to its initial operating state, that is to say, be unlocked again with the correct initial key.

Il est à noter qu'avec la serrure ci-dessus décrite, les "secondes bonnes clés" permettent de déverrouiller la serrure aussi bien avant qu'après le changement décrit: ce changement ne permet d'invalider que les bonnes clés initiales.It should be noted that with the lock described above, the "second good keys" allow the lock to be unlocked both before and after the change described: this change only validates the correct initial keys.

Selon une variante intéressante, on agence la serrure de façon telle que l'on puisse lui faire subir deux changements successifs de combinaison de déverrouillage du genre décrit ci-dessus.According to an interesting variant, the lock is arranged in such a way that it can be made to undergo two successive changes of unlocking combination of the kind described above.

A cet effet, il suffit de prévoir également deux encoches dans la seconde barrette de changement qui se trouve en une position décalée angulairement de 120° à la fois par rapport à la première barrette de changement ci-dessus considérée et par rapport à l'espace vide 41.For this purpose, it suffices to also provide two notches in the second change bar which is in a position angularly offset by 120 ° both relative to the first change bar above considered and relative to the space. empty 41.

Avec une telle serrure, il suffit d'imposer successivement deux fois de suite à la clé de changement la séquence de déplacements ci-dessus décrite pour bloquer à tour de rôle les deux barrettes de changement, à l'aide de l'écran 40, en des positions longitudinales respectives différentes du celles correspondant au déverrouillage de la serrure à l'aide d'une bonne clé initiale 1.With such a lock, it suffices to impose successively twice on the change key the sequence of movements described above to block the two change bars in turn, using the screen 40, in respective longitudinal positions different from those corresponding to unlocking the lock using a good initial key 1.

Cette variante présente l'avantage important suivant: si, après le second changement de combinaison, on impose une troisième fois à la clé de changement la séquence de déplacements ci-dessus décrite, la serrure se retrouve automatiquement en son état de fonctionnement initial, la somme des trois déplacements angulaires correspondant en effet à un tour complet de cette rondelle.This variant has the following important advantage: if, after the second change of combination, the sequence of movements described above is imposed on the change key a third time, the lock is automatically found in its initial operating state, the sum of the three angular displacements corresponding in fact to a complete revolution of this washer.

Dans la variante qui vient d'être décrite et qui se prête à plusieurs changements successifs de la combinaison de déverrouillage, il est évidemment intéressant de pouvoir assurer ces divers changements à l'aide d'une seule et même clé de changement.In the variant which has just been described and which lends itself to several successive changes of the unlocking combination, it is obviously advantageous to be able to ensure these various changes using a single change key.

A cet effet, il suffit de donner aux deux "tailles", de ladite clé, qui correspondent respectivement aux deux barrettes de changement, les profils correspondant respectivement aux deux "secondes encoches" de ces deux barrettes.To this end, it suffices to give the two "sizes" of said key, which correspond respectively to the two change bars, the profiles corresponding respectively to the two "second notches" of these two bars.

Avec une telle clé en effet, on est sûr dans tous les cas:

  • ― que d'une part toute les rotations initiales de 120° du barrilet comprises par les séquences de changement sont possibles,
  • ― et que d'autre part, on trouve toujours à la fin de chaque rotation initiale de 120°, au niveau de l'écran 40 de la rondelle 21, soit l'une des deux barrettes de changement avec sa seconde encoche 42 à cheval sur cet écran, soit l'espace vide 41.
With such a key, we are sure in all cases:
  • - that on the one hand all the initial rotations of 120 ° of the barrel understood by the change sequences are possible,
  • - and that on the other hand, there is always at the end of each initial rotation of 120 °, at the level of the screen 40 of the washer 21, that is one of the two change bars with its second notch 42 on horseback on this screen, i.e. the empty space 41.

Il est à noter que la clé de changement ainsi définie permet de commander le déverrouillage de la serrure dans tous les cas et peut donc servir de "passe général".It should be noted that the change key thus defined makes it possible to control the unlocking of the lock in all cases and can therefore serve as a "general pass".

Selon une variante qui peut présenter de l'intérêt dans certains cas, le nombre des encoches 25 évidées dans la bague 24 est doublé, étant alors de six au lieu de trois, lesdites encoches étant alors décalées de 60° de proche en proche.According to a variant which may be of interest in certain cases, the number of notches 25 hollowed out in the ring 24 is doubled, then being six instead of three, said notches then being offset by 60 ° step by step.

Le nombre des dents 27 propres à coagir avec les encoches 25 peut alors être à volonté soit limité à trois comme précédemment, soit porté à six.The number of teeth 27 capable of interacting with the notches 25 can then be at will or limited to three as before, or increased to six.

Cette variante permet de multiplier le nombre des combinaisons susceptibles d'être imposées à la serrure par des manoeuvres du genre de celle décrite ci-dessus puisque chacune des cinq barrettes crantées 17 peut être évidée d'une seconde encoche 42 de changement de combinaison alors que cette mesure ne concernait que deux de ces cinq barrettes dans la version précédente.This variant makes it possible to multiply the number of combinations liable to be imposed on the lock by maneuvers of the kind described above since each of the five notched bars 17 can be hollowed out with a second notch 42 for changing the combination while this measure only affected two of these five bars in the previous version.

Dans une telle hypothèse, les manoeuvres à effectuer pour changer la combinaison de la serrure diffèrent de celle précédemment décrite uniquement en ce que les allers et retours angulaires de la clé de changement sont ici limités à 60° au lieu de s'étendre sur 120°In such a hypothesis, the maneuvers to be carried out to change the combination of the lock differ from that previously described only in that the angular back and forth of the change key are here limited to 60 ° instead of extending over 120 °

En suite de quoi, et quel que soit le mode de réalisation adopté, on obtient finalement une serrure de haute sûreté dont la constitution, le fonctionnement et les avantages résultent suffisamment de ce qui précède.As a result of which, and whatever the embodiment adopted, one finally obtains a high security lock whose constitution, operation and advantages result sufficiently from the above.

Comme il va de soi, et comme il résulte d'ailleurs déjà de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes d'application et de réalisation qui ont été plus spécialement envisagés.As is obvious, and as is moreover already apparent from the foregoing, the invention is in no way limited to those of its modes of application and embodiments which have been more especially envisaged.

Claims (8)

1. Safety lock with key comprising a stator or a "barrel" (11), a cylindric rotor or cylinder (12) situated inside a complementary seat of the barrel in a way to be able to turn inside the seat without the possibility of shifting axially, the cylinder being centrally bored through by an axis (14) for a key and being formed in such a way that it can be taken along rotationally by a fitting key (1), a plurality of toothed bars (17) mounted in a way which allows for axially sliding in longitudinal grooves of the cylinder and being able to cooperate with a toothed ring (21) for angularly blocking the cylinder, wherein the toothed ring is axially fixed to but angularly free with respect to the barrel, wherein each bar is situated and mounted in such a way that it can be axially taken along by simply inserting the fitting key axially and completely and against a spring-type returning effort leading back to a neutralization position corresponding to setting the cylinder angularly free, whereby rotations of the cylinder which is taken along by this key with respect to the ring are made possible, elastic means (34) for bringing the ring back into a stable angular position during non-operation in which it remains without moving during normal operation of the safety lock by means of a fitting key, an actuating device (6) designed for utilization of the rotation of the cylinder for unlocking or locking of the safety lock, and means for establishing an angularly fixed connection between the cylinder (12) and the actuating device (6), characterized in that the means for establishing the fixed connection is constituted by a clutch which is controlled by the angular movements of the ring in such a way that the actuation of the safety lock by wrong keys is transformed at first into an angular movement of the ring-cylinder unit, resulting in a decoupling of the actuating device from the cylinder and then into a rotation of the unit without taking along the actuating device.
2. Safety lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutch comprises an eccentric nose (20) mounted on the cylinder (12) in a way aligned for axial sliding, and a receptacle (8) for the nose provided in the actuating device (6).
3. Safety lock according to claim 2, characterized in that the controlling means for the clutch comprises a cylindric ring (24), one base of that cylindric ring being fixedly connected to the ring (21) and the edge of the other base thereof being provided with a profile having two inversely inclined slanted sections (25), and a cylindric collar (26) which is mounted inside the barrel in a manner allowing for axially, but not angularly sliding with respect to the barrel, wherein one base of the collar is provided with a profile comprising two slanted, inversely inclined sections (27) allowing for sliding along a corresponding section of the ring and wherein the other base (30) is prepared such that it rests, directly or not, on the nose (20) of the clutch.
4. Safety lock according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial contact between the collar (26) and the nose (20) is embodied by a rocking device (31) which is pivotingly mounted around an axis (Y) perpendicular to the axis (X) of the safety lock in such a manner that the axial movements of the collar are tranformed into axial movements of the nose in the other direction.
5. Twin safety lock comprising two identical safety locks according to claim 4, wherein these safety locks are axially and inversely mounted with respect to a common actuating device (6) characterized in that the central portion of that actuating device is a flat disk (7) that is provided with an axial recess serving as common receptacle (8) for the noses (20, 20′) of the two individual safety locks, in that the two noses are axially pressed one against the other along a transversal plane (P) by elastic means (34, 34′), and in that the unit is arranged in such a way that during normal actuation of each safety lock by a fitting key the transversal plane (T) is aligned with the most distant face of the disk 7 with respect to the particular safety lock.
6. Safety lock according to one of claims 3 through 5, wherein the internal edge of the toothed ring 21 is radially recessed by five notches or recesses (22) which are angularly offset one from the other by 60°, whereby this edge is provided with a "shield" or full portion (40) corresponding to a non-existing recess at half of the angular distance between two of said recesses, and wherein the cylinder itself comprises a total of five toothed bars (17) suitable for respectively cooperating with the five recesses for the initial angular position of the disk, whereby this barrel is provided with a space lacking a bar at half the angular distance between two such bars, and wherein there are at least three recesses defined by the ramps (25 or 27) of the ring (24) or the collar (26) and which can receive the cams defined by the other ramps (27 or 25) and which are spaced at 120° around the axis of the safety lock, characterized in that at least one of the two bars (17) which are angularly spaced at 120° with respect to the space (41) lacking a bar is provided with two recesses jointly overlapping the disk, viz. the first recess (23) corresponding to an initial unlocking of the safety lock by means of a fitting key, and a second recess (42).
7. Safety lock according to claim 6, characterized in that each of the two toothed bars (17) which are angularly offset by 120° with respect to the space (41) lacking the bar, is provided with two recesses (23, 42).
8. Safety lock according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that there are six recesses defined by the portions (25 or 27) which are offset by 60° around the axis of the safety lock and in that at least one of the toothed bars (17) which is different from those being angularly offset by 120° with respect to the space (41) lacking a bar is provided with two recesses (23 and 42) corresponding to the aforementioned type.
EP88400241A 1987-02-03 1988-02-02 Safety lock with key Expired - Lifetime EP0277881B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400241T ATE70590T1 (en) 1987-02-03 1988-02-02 SECURITY LOCK WITH KEY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8701272A FR2610356B1 (en) 1987-02-03 1987-02-03 IMPROVEMENTS ON KEY SECURITY LOCKS
FR8701272 1987-02-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0277881A2 EP0277881A2 (en) 1988-08-10
EP0277881A3 EP0277881A3 (en) 1989-07-12
EP0277881B1 true EP0277881B1 (en) 1991-12-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400241A Expired - Lifetime EP0277881B1 (en) 1987-02-03 1988-02-02 Safety lock with key

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0277881B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE70590T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3866887D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2610356B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5964108A (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-10-12 Mcbride; Darryl G. High security lock

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1046542A (en) * 1951-12-19 1953-12-07 Security device for cylinder locks

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2270420A1 (en) * 1974-03-27 1975-12-05 Fontaine Cylinder lock with sliding locking plates - has filter ring with inner radial ribs on outer end of cylinder
FR2311911A1 (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-17 Fontaine Double entry security door lock - has sprung mortice locking wedge which prevents opening from the outside when inside key is left in position
FR2313526A1 (en) * 1975-06-02 1976-12-31 Fontaine Injection moulded metal alloy barrel lock - has discs with nose pieces engaging in barrel when key is withdrawn

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1046542A (en) * 1951-12-19 1953-12-07 Security device for cylinder locks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0277881A3 (en) 1989-07-12
ATE70590T1 (en) 1992-01-15
DE3866887D1 (en) 1992-01-30
FR2610356A1 (en) 1988-08-05
EP0277881A2 (en) 1988-08-10
FR2610356B1 (en) 1990-08-10

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