EP0277234B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von nicht-gewobenem gewebe - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von nicht-gewobenem gewebe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277234B1
EP0277234B1 EP87903431A EP87903431A EP0277234B1 EP 0277234 B1 EP0277234 B1 EP 0277234B1 EP 87903431 A EP87903431 A EP 87903431A EP 87903431 A EP87903431 A EP 87903431A EP 0277234 B1 EP0277234 B1 EP 0277234B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
woven fabric
web
manufacturing
treatment
set forth
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EP87903431A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0277234A1 (de
EP0277234A4 (de
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Miyoshi Okamoto
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing non-woven fabric. Particularly, it relates to a method of directly manufacturing fabric enabling the width to be extended with a spinning machine of a small number of spinnerets.
  • the present invention is intended to resolve the foregoing problems. Specifically, it aims at excellent homogeneity and high isotropy, and simple width setting, weight setting and production of broad products with a small investment and less selvage loss.
  • fibers are (in a manner known per se ) collected and carried by high speed fluid into a web. This web is then introduced into a cloth lapper. Examples of cloth lappers are shown in US-A-3 903 568 and DE-A-2 519 493, these cloth lappers cross-lapping the web to form a laminate.
  • the invention is characterised in that the web is formed with a cross section in which the weight near each selvage gradually decreases toward the selvage and terminates in the selvage.
  • the first point of the invention exists in the following. That is, while the prior art concentrated directly on the high productivity of fabric, the method of the present invention has its merit found in the combination with a cloth lapper of low productivity against said high productivity.
  • the cloth lapper produces "lines" incidental to lapping, resulting in defective non-woven fabric with lines.
  • the webs have usually been made as thin as practicable as they came out of a short staple card or web making machine before lapping and have been lapped in 50 to 60 thicknesses at a high speed (from the standpoint of productivity) to prevent non-uniformity accompanying the cloth lapping.
  • a preferable method of the present invention that is, when the spun fiber filaments are drawn on a high speed air flow to form on the collecting surface a continuous web having the selvages in the form of the skirt of Mt.
  • Fuji such webs when lapped do not display steps at the selvages as in conventional material, so that the lapping occurs in a very smooth manner, and so a small number of webs may be lapped, but no ununiform stepwise lamintion is produced.
  • a particularly preferable method of the invention is to apply the filaments withdrawn by a high speed fluid flow onto a reflecting plate or surface which has its direction changed repeatedly to scatter the filaments and thus very effectively form a web of a smooth and even mountainous distribution.
  • the web of the mountainous distribution has a selvage expressed by the formula 0.01X ⁇ Y ⁇ 2.0X + 3 where Y is weight in unit of g/m2, and X is the distance from the selvage edge of the web in unit of cm.
  • the web is cut into squares of a side of 5 cm successively from the selvage edge, and the weight of each square is measured. This procedure is repeated five times for a web, and the mean values are obtained to provide a weight distribution curve in the direction of width of the web.
  • each selvage of the web is within the range of the foregoing formula.
  • a particularly preferable form of the web selvage is that expressed by the formula 0.05X ⁇ Y ⁇ 1.0X + 1 or, more preferably, by the formula 0.05X ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.6X + ++++0.8
  • a web with a correlation function of said primary regression curve of 0.55 or higher is preferable.
  • a web of a correlation function of 0.65 or higher is preferable.
  • the selvages are very smooth, and so a good web laminate is provided with a small number of webs.
  • the width of the selvage (where weight changes) is subject to vary with the overall breadth of the web and is not determinable generally, but in many cases, a width of about 20 cm will suffice. It is also possible to electrostatistically repulse the fibers from one another by forced or frictional charging to provide a web having a more homogeneous central part and smoothly decreasing selvages.
  • the fluid used for withdrawing the fibers may be air, steam, water or a combination thereof, but a preferable fluid is a gas comprised mainly of air or steam.
  • Air is easy to handle, and steam is advantageous in that it allows collection of fibers and, at the same time, heat treatment or stretching and orientation.
  • a liquid such as water, it allows a high speed for drawing and is, therefore, effective when a high degree of orientation is aimed at.
  • Such fluid is normally used at room temperature, but by using, for example, high temperature air, the filament quality can be modified.
  • the fibers collected by such fluid is not particularly limited.
  • the fibers may be in the form of filaments or those obtainable by melt blow or flash spinning. That the fibers are collected in a mountainous distribution enhances the advantages of the method of the invention.
  • the mountainous distribution is readily obtainable from fibers in the form of filaments or staples if they are carried on a fluid for collecting.
  • filaments, very fine fibers, melt-blow fibers and flash spun fibers could hardly transformed into a web, and so that the method of the invention is applicable to them is very significant.
  • any material that can be provided in the form of a fiber is usable.
  • esters such as poly(butylene terephthalate) and Poly(ethylene terephthalate), nylons such as nylon 6, 66 and 610, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, flexible polyurethanes, copolymers of poly(tetramethylene glycol) and an amide, ester or urethane, and regenerated celluloses such as rayon.
  • the fiber used according to the method of the invention may be comprised of one component or be a multi-component fiber.
  • fibers that can be subdivided by chemical treatment, mechanical treatment or heat treatment or a combination thereof are preferable.
  • those having a plurality of fibers generated from a fiber are preferable.
  • the sea-island fiber, radially subdividable fiber and radially subdividable hollow fiber are representative.
  • Such fibers are collected by a fluid flowing at a high speed into a web.
  • any well known method is usable, and thus the collecting method is not limited in any way.
  • the velocity of the high speed fluid is subject to variation with the kind of the fiber or fluid, cannot be specified in general, and must be determined appropriately through testing.
  • the speed at which the fiber is spouted or drawn that is, 2000 m/min or more or, more particularly, 3000 m/min is preferable.
  • the web obtained by such method may be directly introduced to a cloth lapper into a laminate.
  • preliminary bonding is desirable.
  • the non-woven web is very unstable in the form with the fibers merely overlaid upon one another, and, in the process of introducing to the cloth lapper for lamination, it may have a web disturbance such as scraping, cramping or stretching generated by a turbulence or hooking, resulting in uneven folding at the time of lamination to make it difficult to obtain a satisfactory non-woven fabric.
  • preliminary bonding lamination is effected stably and efficiently.
  • high speed fluid treatment, needle punching, adhesion, fusion and pressing are suitable for such preliminary bonding.
  • Such treatment is chosen appropriately depending on the purpose, use and the kind of the fibrous material. Bonding by means of high speed fluid or needle punch has a great degree of freedom of bond between the fibers and is thus advantageous in that various processings are allowed later. It also provides a flexible product.
  • the fluid or, more particularly, water jet or air jet is suitable for treating a web of very fine fibers.
  • the needle punch may have the needle broken when it is applied to the very fine fibers. But, high speed fluid flow is free from such problem. It also facilitates interwining.
  • heat pressing with a calendar roll or belt nip used has a fast processing speed and has thus a great advantage that the productivity is high.
  • Use of this method enables the hardening of the texture to be suppressed by using a composite fiber having the core component of a higher melting point than the sheath component.
  • the web is charged to preclude smooth movement from the cloth lapper or from the preceding collecting device to the subsequent process. This was particularly noticeable when a web comprised of a less conductive thermoplastic fiber was carried at a high speed, producing a problem that the transfer of the non-woven web from the carrier to the laminate support would become irregular, resulting in uneven folds.
  • the charge of the web is quickly neutralized to allow the web to drop stationarily from the carrier. That is, a non-woven fabric having the folds evenly arranged is obtainable with less selvage cut loss and improvement of the process yield.
  • the apparatus used for the method of the invention is preferably made of materials which are not readily charged. Apparatus having a coat of conductive substance over the surface or comprised of conductive materials is preferable. Specifically, for the conveyor of the cloth lapper, apparatus having the surface comprised mainly of cellulose and/or cellulose derivative of small electric resistance is particularly preferable.
  • the type of the cloth lapper is not specifically limited.
  • a cloth lapper having the carrier comprised of a pair of belts and carrying the non-woven web between them is preferable, as the non-woven web is scarcely disturbed.
  • a cloth lapper of the type pressing the web constantly while lapping is preferable.
  • the product of Asran, France is well known.
  • the cloth lapper of this type features in that the lapping speed is high and that the web is not disturbed by the wind incidentally generated by the reciprocal movement.
  • the web When the web is too thin, it is entwined over the lattice on the cloth lapper and is hardly laminated. In such case, the web should be lapped continuously on a carrier which is comprised of a gas permeable member and has its black side adapted to slide over the suction port of a gas suction device.
  • a non-woven web of lower weight had a problem of being so much more disturbed by the turbulent flow or mechanical vibration when placed on the carrier, resulting in uneven folds at the edges or creases being generated, and a satisfactory process yield was hardly attained. But, by holding the web on the carrier surface through suction, very exact, stable and efficient laminating is enabled.
  • the number of layers to be laminated by the cloth lapper is preferably 3-60, or more preferably 5-50, from the uniformity of weight and productivity of the equipment.
  • the web thus laminated is directly usable effectively. But, it is preferable to bond the layers further for improvement of the ease of handling, physical property and homogeneity.
  • high speed fluid treatment is suitable for production of a flexible non-woven fabric of a weight of 300 g/m2 or less or treatment of very fine fibers or partially fibrillary fibers.
  • the Needle punching is used for production of a non-woven fabric of 100 g/m2 or more, and adhesion, fusion and pressing are used for production of a non-woven fabric of which a hardness or resilience is required and for production of a sheet used in the field where falling off of fibers from the sheet is to be avoided.
  • these treatments are usable in combination.
  • needle punching is taken for example, when a foundation for artificial suede leather is to be provided, needle punching of 100 needles/cm2 or more, particularly 1000 needles/cm2 or more, is preferable. When the foundation is for silvering leather, needle punching less than 2000 needles/cm2 is generally effective. For development to the sanitary field such as diapers, needle punching of about 200 needles/cm2 will suffice. Of course, these values are subject to change with the type of the needle.
  • the fibers constituting the web laminated by the cloth lapper are generally oriented in a lateral direction, and so stretching the laminated web is effective for controlling the direction of orientation of the fibers. By taking such measure, it is possible to improve the anisotropy in physical properties of the sheet obtained. Stretching of the laminated web is preferably made before the bonding treatment of the laminated web. It is, of course, preferable to give a bonding treatment, then stretching and again give a bonding treatment. Stretching may also be made simultaneously with the bonding treatment.
  • the multi-core fibers subdividable into a number of core components such as a polymer oriented fiber, the so-called exfoliating type fibers and the polymer blend fibers.
  • the fibers may, of course, be subdivided in the preliminary bonding or any other treatment. Subdivision does not always mean that the fiber is subdivided over the whole length and includes partial subdivision.
  • Needle punching has less movement or sliding of fibers with finer fiber to produce needle breaking. As a result, the fibers are not entwined together, but the non-woven fabric has the apparent density increased, that is, takes the so-called corrugated board structure and has thus the quality degraded.
  • the fluid jet or, more specifically, water jet punching works more effectively as the fiber becomes finer and is, therefore, preferable for 0.2 denier or less or, more particularly, 0.07 denier or less.
  • the water jet punching it is also possible to exfoliate the multi-core fibers or remove the bond component, and in this case, it is possible to directly produce a non-woven fabric having very fine fibers highly entwined.
  • the multi-core fibers or relatively thick fibers needle punching is suitable and that water jet punching is suitable for the fibers which are adapted to become thin or have become thin.
  • the method of the invention satisfies both successfully.
  • the fibers generating very fine fibers mention may be made of those sea-island type fibers which have the sea component dissolve in water or hot water.
  • the sea-island fibers having the island component further transformed into a sea-island structure may have very fine fibers obtained readily or the island component removed readily.
  • the number of islands is preferably 50 or more or, more preferably, 100 or more.
  • the upper limit may be as large as 10,000, but, when a high proportion of the island component to the sea component is required, 1000 or less is preferable, 500 or less being more preferable.
  • the proportion of the island component is preferably 75 percent or higher or, more preferably, 85 percent or higher, and the sea component is preferably water-soluble.
  • the sea component is preferably water-soluble.
  • a columnar jet flow rather than a mist flow is preferable.
  • a preferable water pressure is 70-150 kg per square centimeter.
  • the water temperature should be 30-60°C, more preferably 45-60°C.
  • Multi-core fibers using for one component a hot water soluble sea component of a copolymer of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid or 5-sodium-sulfoisophthalic acid with ethylene glycol or a copolymer having polyethylene glycol further copolymerized are particularly suitable.
  • a polyalkylether or its compound is added to the sea component, destruction of the sea component by the water jet is accelerated to enhance the entwining effect.
  • water of a former stage covers the surface of the web to reduce the effect of the subsequent water jet, and so draining water quickly by suction becomes an effective method for entwining.
  • Rectangular samples of 5 cm x 20 cm were taken for the lateral and longitudinal directions respectively, and using a constant speed tensile testing machine of a tensile speed of 10 cm/min, the values of maximum strength and the elongation at the maximum strength were measured and taken as the lateral and longitudinal tensile strength (kg/5 cm) and lateral and longitudinal tensile elongation (%).
  • the correlation function of X and Y was 0.88. This web was lapped in a width of 58 inches (1.47 m) while it was held by a high speed cloth lapper, product of Asran, France, in 20 laps (pitch 12 cm). In ordinary card webbing this would be considered deficient in the number of lappings, but a very clean cloth lap web was formed with selvages neatly arranged. Weight was about 120 g/m2. The web was subjected to needle punching at a needle density of 50 needles/m2 then to water jet punching.
  • the water jet was of oscillating type, and an impact treatment was given at a water pressure of 100 kg/cm2 through a nozzle having a number of small holes of 0.23 mm diameter arranged at a pitch of 6 mm. Notwithstanding the long filaments, they were entwined tightly into a firm and very flexible non-woven fabric. The fiber was reduced to very fine fibers, and it was found that by the water jet punch, both entwining and removal of the sea component proceeded simultaneously.
  • the fabric was strong, flexible, scarcely anisotropic in both lateral and longitudinal directions with the selvages scarcely loosened and was very suitable as a wiping cloth.
  • the correlation function of X and Y was 0.83.
  • the web had a pressing treatment rendered as a preliminary bonding treatment by a pair of 50 cm diameter calendar rollers heated at a surface temperature of 160°C, then it was guided to the carrier of a cloth lapper and was treated with air containing anions and cations and was continuously dropped on a moving support comprised of a gas permeable unit, the back of which slid in contact with the suction port of a gas suction device, with the atmosphere in the vicinity of the surface of said gas permeable unit sucked in the backward direction, into a laminate having an average of 10 layers and a width of 5.9 cm.
  • the top and reverse surfaces were alternately treated twice repeatedly by a high pressure, high speed columnar flow of 25 kg/cm2 from a rectangular nozzle having a number of 0.2 mm diameter nozzle holes arranged at a spacing of 1.2 mm which moves reciprocally at an amplitude of 1.2 mm and 20 cycles per minute on the support, then the laminate was dried by hot air of 120°C, and there was obtained a long fiber non-woven fabric of a mean weight of 52 g/m2 and a width of 5.7 m.
  • this long fiber non-woven fabric was, when compared with the reference, of a broader width, very small in weight variation as well as anisotropy, high in process yield, with the trace of lamination by the cloth lapper scarcely observed and the folds at both ends well arranged, and was thus of a high grade in appearance and was very suitable for clothing such as an operating gown or dust-free clothing or as an industrial material for leather or filter foundation.
  • Example 2 A web was obtained similarly to Example 2. It was guided to the carrier of a cloth lapper and was treated with air containing anions and cations, then had the lamination, bond treatment and bonding similarly to Example 2, and there was obtained a long fiber non-woven fabric, the mean weight and width of which were nearly the same as those in Example 2. With respect to the weight variation and anisotropy, this long fiber non-woven fabric was a distinguished one similar to that of Example 2, as shown in Tables 1 and 2. The process yield was far superior to the reference.
  • Example 2 Similarly to Example 2, a web was obtained. It was guided to the carrier of a cloth lapper with no preliminary bonding treatment, then had a voltage of 30 kV applied by a high voltage generator, product of Kasuga Denki, and was treated with air containing anions and cations. Thereafter, it was successively dropped on a moving wooden lattice into a laminate of 10 layers on average and a width of 5.9 m. Further, under the same conditions as Example 2, a bonding treatment and drying were performed, and there was obtained a long fiber non-woven fabric which was nearly the same as Example 1 in mean weight and width. As shown in Tables 1 and 2, this long fiber non-woven fabric was a distinguished long fiber non-woven fabric similar to Example 2 in so far as the weight variation and anisotropy were concerned. The process yield was considerably improved over the reference.
  • the direction and angle of the metal surface were carefully adjusted so that the filaments would be deposited as evenly as practicable, while a side plate having a high voltage of 50 kV loaded in order to prevent the web from spreading excessively was provided at each end of the wire gauge conveyor.
  • the web had the top and reverse surfaces alternately treated twice repeatedly by a high pressure, high speed columnar flow of 25 kg/cm2 from a reactangular nozzle having a number of 0.2 mm nozzle holes arranged at a spacing of 1.2 mm which makes a reciprocal movement at an amplitude of 1.2 mm and a frequency of 20 cycles per minute in the direction of the width on a support comprised of a 100 mesh wire gauge conveyor.
  • the web was dried by hot air of 120°C and had the selvages cut, and there was obtained a long fiber non-woven fabric of a mean weight of 52 g/m2 and a width of 1.0 m.
  • This long fiber non-woven fabric was inferior in the weight variation and anisotropy to Examples 2, 3 and 4 and involved a great selvage cut loss, resulting in a low yield, degraded appearance and smaller width.
  • each spinning unit comprised of a melt spinning machine, an air ejector and a reflecting plate
  • a web consisting of nylon 6 filaments of a mean single size of 0.9 denier and having a mean weight of 14 g/m2, a width of 50 cm and selvages similar to those of Example 2.
  • the web had an oiling agent (butylstearate, 6%; ethylene oxide additive of lauryl alcohol, 4%; phosphate static eliminator, 1%; and water, 89%) applied in an amount of 4.5% to the web weight.
  • the stretched laminate was guided to a needle punch for a bonding treatment from both top and reverse surfaces at a needle density of 300 needles/cm2, then after drying, had each selvage cut by 2 cm, and there was obtained a long fiber non-woven fabric of a mean weight of 180 g/m2 and a width of 4.46 m at a speed of 0.5 m/min.
  • the tearing strength of the non-woven fabric thus obtained was 3.9 kg/4.1 kg in longitudinal/lateral direction. With a non-woven fabric obtained similarly except stretching, the tear strength was 4.8 kg/3.0 kg.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies, umfassend die Schritte: Sammeln von Fasern und Eintragen derselben mit einem Hochgeschwindigkeits-Fluid in eine Bahn und sodann Einführen der Bahn in einen Umwickler, der dei Bahn zur Bildung eines Laminats kreuzweise umwickelt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bahn mit einem Querschnitt ausgebildet wird, bei dem das Gewicht nahe jeder Kante zur Kante hin allmählich abnimmt und an der Kante endet.
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Gewichtsverteilung im Querschnitt in Beziehung steht zwischen dem Gewicht an der Kante und an einem Punkt innerhalb von 20 cm von der Kante, die durch nachfolgende primäre Rückbildungskurve ausgedrückt ist, und daß die Einflußfunktion des Gewichts an der Kante und der Abstand 0,55 oder mehr beträgt. 0,01X ≦ Y ≦ 0,9X + 3
Figure imgb0009
 wobei Y das Gewicht pro Flächeneinheit in g/m² und X den Abstand von der Kante der Bahn in cm bezeichnet.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Verfahren des Mitführens der Fasern auf einem Hochgeschwindigkeits-Fluid darin besteht, daß die Fasern mitgeführt werden, während sie gegen eine zurückwerfende Aufprallfläche geblasen werden.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hochgeschwindigkeits-Fluid mindestens eines der folgenden ist:
   (i) Luft; (ii) Dampf; und (iii) Wasser.
5. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Faser mindestens eine der folgenden ist:
   (i) Filament; (ii) Schmelzflußfaser; und (iii) Blitzspinnfaser.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Faser aus einer Mehrkomponentenfaser besteht, die mindestens zwei Komponenten hat.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Faser eine Mehrkernfaser ist, die mindestens zehn Kerne hat.
8. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Kerne jeweils 0,2 Denier oder weniger haben.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Umwickeln der Bahn ausgeführt wird, indem die Bahn auf eine Sammelfläche angepreßt oder angesaugt wird.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Bahn verkettet wird, bevor sie in den Umwickler eingeführt wird.
11. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Verkettungsbehandlung mindestens eines der folgenden Verfahren umfaßt:
   (i) Verflechtungsbehandlung; (ii) Schmelzbehandlung; (iii) Verklebungsbehandlung; und (iv) Preßbehandlung.
12. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Verflechtungsbehandlung mindestens eines der folgenden Verfahren umfaßt:
   (i) Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrahlbehandlung; und (ii) Nadelstanzverfahren.
13. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die umwickelte Bahn einer Verkettungsbehandlung unterworfen wird.
14. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 13, wobei die Verkettungsbehandlung mindestens eines der folgenden Verfahren umfaßt:
   (i) Verflechtungsbehandlung; (ii) Schmelzbehandlung; (iii) Verklebungsbehandlung; und (iv) Preßbehandlung.
15. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach Anspruch 14, wobei die Verflechtungsbehandlung mindestens eine der folgenden Verfahren umfaßt:
   (i) Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrahlbehandlung; und (ii) Nadelstanzverfahren.
16. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die umwickelte Bahn einer Dehnung unterworfen wird.
17. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faservlies nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die umwickelte Bahn mit einem Ionen enthaltenden Gas behandelt wird.
EP87903431A 1986-06-10 1987-05-28 Verfahren zur herstellung von nicht-gewobenem gewebe Expired - Lifetime EP0277234B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP134403/86 1986-06-10
JP61134403A JPS62299557A (ja) 1986-06-10 1986-06-10 不織布の製造方法

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EP0277234A1 EP0277234A1 (de) 1988-08-10
EP0277234A4 EP0277234A4 (de) 1988-10-24
EP0277234B1 true EP0277234B1 (de) 1991-11-13

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EP87903431A Expired - Lifetime EP0277234B1 (de) 1986-06-10 1987-05-28 Verfahren zur herstellung von nicht-gewobenem gewebe

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JP (1) JPS62299557A (de)
KR (1) KR880701301A (de)
DE (1) DE3774561D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1987007658A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03269151A (ja) * 1990-03-16 1991-11-29 Kanebo Ltd 不織布の製造方法
JP5159139B2 (ja) * 2007-03-29 2013-03-06 株式会社クラレ 長繊維不織布の製造方法および人工皮革用基材の製造方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3903568A (en) * 1966-07-29 1975-09-09 Celanese Corp Production of batting
FR2134206B1 (de) * 1971-04-26 1973-12-28 Rhone Poulenc Textile
GB1495564A (en) * 1974-05-03 1977-12-21 Ici Ltd Non-woven fabric
JPS58169557A (ja) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-06 東レ株式会社 交絡不織布およびその製造方法
JPH0834748B2 (ja) * 1984-04-25 1996-03-29 旭化成工業株式会社 不織ウェブの製造方法
DE3501897A1 (de) * 1985-01-22 1986-07-24 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur herstellung einer mehrlagigen fasermatte
JPS6216206A (ja) * 1985-07-15 1987-01-24 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 垂直磁気ヘツド
JPS62162064A (ja) * 1986-01-10 1987-07-17 日本不織布株式会社 不織布の製造方法
CA2076127A1 (en) * 1991-09-26 1993-03-27 Louis R. Nerone Electronic ballast arrangement for a compact fluorescent lamp

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Publication number Publication date
DE3774561D1 (de) 1991-12-19
JPS62299557A (ja) 1987-12-26
KR880701301A (ko) 1988-07-26
WO1987007658A1 (en) 1987-12-17
EP0277234A1 (de) 1988-08-10
JPH0361788B2 (de) 1991-09-20
EP0277234A4 (de) 1988-10-24

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