EP0270389A1 - Gasisolierter mehrpoliger Drehschalter - Google Patents

Gasisolierter mehrpoliger Drehschalter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0270389A1
EP0270389A1 EP87402251A EP87402251A EP0270389A1 EP 0270389 A1 EP0270389 A1 EP 0270389A1 EP 87402251 A EP87402251 A EP 87402251A EP 87402251 A EP87402251 A EP 87402251A EP 0270389 A1 EP0270389 A1 EP 0270389A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary switch
contact
rotary
switch according
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87402251A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270389B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Bouvet
Jacques Gaillard
Robert Volsy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT87402251T priority Critical patent/ATE79199T1/de
Publication of EP0270389A1 publication Critical patent/EP0270389A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270389B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270389B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/14—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch
    • H01H31/16—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch with angularly-movable bridging contact or contact-carrying member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/886—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts by movement of rotating pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multipole rotary switch with gas isolation, in particular for an electrical panel of a medium-voltage distribution station, having a casing filled with gas of high dielectric strength, and containing by pole a movable double contact in shape.
  • knife cooperating in rotation with a plurality of fixed contacts angularly staggered in the same plane along the internal wall of the envelope, to occupy a first closed position ensuring the electrical connection between an input terminal to which is connected a incoming conductor, and an output terminal to which an outgoing conductor is connected, a second open position ensuring the separation between the two conductors and a third earthing position of one of the conductors.
  • the object of the invention consists in making a rotary switch with gas isolation having a reduced bulk and good dielectric strength.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized in that the movable contact comes into engagement in the second opening position with a fixed contact permanently connected to the earth, so as to provide a disconnecting function allowing the isolation to be preserved. between the input and output terminals.
  • the movable contact is advantageously associated with a metal screen to constitute the movable assembly, arranged in a guard ring in said second open position.
  • the screen can also be made of metallized insulating material.
  • any operation on the equipment downstream of the switch for example the test of the feeder conductor, can thus be carried out safely, thanks to the presence of the metal screen grounded when the contact is in the second position.
  • the guard ring function is removed in the first closed position because the screen is then isolated from the ground.
  • the screen In addition to its function as a guard ring, the screen also plays the role of a rotary piston for compressing the gas in piston chambers of the envelope. Blowing means communicate with this chamber to ensure the extinction of the arc drawn between the contacts, when the knife passes from the first closed position to the second open position.
  • a pole of a rotary switch 10 for a switchboard of a three-phase medium voltage distribution station with gas isolation is housed in a cylindrical casing 12, filled with gas of high dielectric strength, in particular of sulfur hexafluoride SF 6.
  • the casing 12 is made of insulating material, and comprises on its internal periphery a series of five fixed contacts 14 to 22 carried by radial bushings.
  • the fixed contacts 14 to 22 are arranged in the transverse median plane of the casing 12 with a predetermined angular offset, and cooperate with a double movable contact 24 in the form of a rotary knife with three positions.
  • the first fixed contact 14 is connected externally to an incoming conductor 26, while the third fixed contact 18, diametrically opposite, is connected to a starting conductor 28.
  • the fourth and fifth fixed contacts 20, 22 are interconnected by a earth connection 30.
  • the second fixed contact 16, diametrically opposite to the fifth fixed contact 22, is located between the first and third fixed contacts 14, 18, and is connected to the starting conductor 28 by an electrical connection 32.
  • a longitudinal shaft 34 for driving in rotation the movable contact 24, is arranged coaxially inside the cylindrical envelope 12, and is made of insulating material.
  • the knife of the double movable contact 24 is secured to a radial metallic screen 36 extending orthogonally to the longitudinal shaft 34 and to the transverse median plane of the switch 10.
  • the screen 36 is fixed laterally to two electrodes 38, 40, annulars encircling the two opposite ends of the insulating shaft 34.
  • the movable contact knife 24 comprises a pair of parallel contact blades 24 a, 24 b, separated from each other by a predetermined axial interval l (see FIG. 5).
  • the two blades 24 a, 24 b, are elastically biased towards one another, and the presence of the interval l allows the elastic insertion of the two diametrically opposite zones of interruption of the knife with the fixed contacts 14 to 22 corresponding, during the rotation of the shaft 34 between the three positions.
  • the dimension of the metallic screen 36 in the diametrical direction may be less than that of the knife, so as to leave a radial clearance (see FIG. 3) between the internal wall of the envelope 12 and the edge of the screen 36.
  • the thickness of the radial clearance is generally less than 5 millimeters.
  • the casing 12 further comprises two fixed partitions 42, 44 cooperating with the movable assembly to form a device for compressing the insulating gas, contained in the two chambers (46 a, 46 b; 48 a, 48 b) which can be pistoned, formed in the interior volume of the envelope 12.
  • the compression device is associated with blowing means (not shown), intended to extinguish the arc drawn between the contacts, when the knife passes from one position to the other .
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show the different switching positions:
  • the knife of the movable contact 24 forms a bridge between the first and third fixed contacts 14, 18, to ensure the connection between the incoming conductor 26 and the outgoing conductor 28.
  • the fixed contacts 14, 18 constitute the input and output terminals of the switch.
  • the actuation of the rotary shaft 34 in the trigonometric direction causes the opening of the switch by angular separation of the knife with the fixed contacts 14, 18.
  • the opening stroke of the movable contact 24 corresponds approximately to 60 degrees, and one of the knife contact zones comes into engagement with the fourth fixed contact 20 connected to the ground.
  • the mobile assembly forms, in this second open position, an integrated guard ring, composed of the metallic screen 36, the movable contact 24 and the two electrodes 38, 40.
  • the insertion of the metallic screen 36 on the leakage line between the input and output terminals of the switch 10 prevents any break in the insulation between these terminals, following a dangerous path along the internal wall of the insulating jacket 12, and the tree 34.
  • the test operation of the latter is carried out in the open position (FIG. 3) by injection of a test current on one of the fixed contacts 16 or 18, or on a special outlet on the outgoing conductor 28.
  • the cable test is thus carried out safely, when the screen 36 and the knife are connected to earth.
  • the metal screen 36 acts as a rotary gas compression piston in the chambers 46 a, 46 b; 48 a, 48 b.
  • the gas compression effect occurs in the two directions of rotation of the movable contact 24, and is advantageously used for blowing the arc drawn during the opening phase of the switch 10, after passing from the first position (figure 2) to the second position (figure 3).
  • the rotary switch 10 provides a sectioning function in the second open position, thanks to the presence of the screen 36 grounded, allowing to maintain correct insulation between the input and output terminals .
  • the guard ring function is eliminated in the first closed position (FIG. 2) of the rotary switch 10, because the screen 36 is isolated from the ground.
  • the insulating casing 12 of the rotary switch 10 comprises two end pieces 50, 52, of ends made of insulating material, allowing a reduction in the size of the metallic screen 36 in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 7 shows the outright removal of the screen 36, by means of larger end pieces 50, 52, delimiting a narrow axial interval for the passage of the single movable contact 24 to two parallel blades.
  • the guard ring is then constituted by the movable contact 24 in the form of a knife.
  • the rotary gas compression piston is formed by a separate part from the metallic screen 36.
  • the invention has been described in relation to an envelope 12 containing a single switch pole, but it is clear that it applies to a three-phase switch in which the poles are aligned along the longitudinal axis of the shaft 34
  • the poles can be housed in a common insulating envelope, or in independent envelopes attached to each other.
  • the casing 12 of each pole of the rotary switch 10 is made of metallic material, the fixed contacts 14 to 22 then being supported by insulating bushings.
  • FIG. 8 shows an application of the invention in a medium-voltage distribution cell for a three-phase network containing a circuit breaker 60 having a first terminal connected to the busbar 62 by a first rotary switch 10 of the type described above, and a second terminal connected to the start 64 via a second rotary switch 10.
  • FIG. 9 represents another application of the invention in a cell for coupling two busbars 62, 66, elementary of a three-phase network RST, by means of a circuit breaker 60.
  • the first busbar 60 is connected to the circuit breaker 60 by a rotary switch 10
  • the second busbar 66 is connected to the circuit breaker by a second rotary switch 10 with three positions.
  • the two switches 10 have a structure identical to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 10 shows a plan view of FIGS. 8 and 9, in which the superposition of the rotary switches 10 of the three phases appears, in a vertical direction parallel to the alignment of the poles of the circuit breaker 60.
  • the grouping in column of the six poles d switches 10 on the same shaft line facilitates the mechanical control of the cell.
  • the invention also applies to an eccentric rotation switch of the movable knife.
  • the extinction of the arc drawn during the opening phase of the rotary switch can occur by means of a permanent magnet suitably positioned inside the envelope 12.
  • the action of the magnetic field of the magnet on the arc causes the latter to rotate and rapidly extinguish.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
EP87402251A 1986-11-03 1987-10-09 Gasisolierter mehrpoliger Drehschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0270389B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87402251T ATE79199T1 (de) 1986-11-03 1987-10-09 Gasisolierter mehrpoliger drehschalter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8615375A FR2606209B1 (fr) 1986-11-03 1986-11-03 Interrupteur rotatif multipolaire a isolement gazeux
FR8615375 1986-11-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270389A1 true EP0270389A1 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0270389B1 EP0270389B1 (de) 1992-08-05

Family

ID=9340525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402251A Expired - Lifetime EP0270389B1 (de) 1986-11-03 1987-10-09 Gasisolierter mehrpoliger Drehschalter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0270389B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE79199T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3780921T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2035099T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2606209B1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4117057A1 (de) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Siemens Ag Mit loeschgas arbeitender mehrstellungs-drehschalter
WO1996017420A1 (en) * 1994-11-28 1996-06-06 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Electric switching device
CN103117187A (zh) * 2012-11-23 2013-05-22 李继华 单刀双投旋转式户内高压隔离开关
CN110233081A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-13 广东电网有限责任公司 旋转式高压隔离开关
CN111524744A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 库柏爱迪生(平顶山)电子科技有限公司 灭弧喷口及具有其的负荷开关
EP3961668B1 (de) 2019-04-26 2023-06-07 Ormazabal Y Cia S.L.U. Abschalter für gasisolierte schaltanlage
WO2024022681A1 (fr) 2022-07-26 2024-02-01 Socomec Module de coupure électrique avec barrière diélectrique

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2660109B1 (fr) * 1990-03-23 1992-06-05 Merlin Gerin Mecanisme de commande d'un interrupteur a trois positions.
US5153399A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-10-06 G&W Electric Company Rotary puffer switch
ES2076100B1 (es) * 1993-08-03 1997-10-01 Iberica De Aparellajes S L Mejoras en interruptores multiples para celdas de distribucion de energia electrica
CN112530730B (zh) * 2020-11-30 2023-04-28 海南电网有限责任公司东方供电局 一种配网架空线隔离开关

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1279475A (fr) * 1960-11-10 1961-12-22 Comp Generale Electricite Cellule préfabriquée avec commutateur rotatif multipolaire
CH390346A (de) * 1959-04-10 1965-04-15 Siemens Ag Trennschalter
EP0199044A2 (de) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Concordia Sprecher Energie Gmbh Gekapselter Lastschalter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH390346A (de) * 1959-04-10 1965-04-15 Siemens Ag Trennschalter
FR1279475A (fr) * 1960-11-10 1961-12-22 Comp Generale Electricite Cellule préfabriquée avec commutateur rotatif multipolaire
EP0199044A2 (de) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Concordia Sprecher Energie Gmbh Gekapselter Lastschalter

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4117057A1 (de) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Siemens Ag Mit loeschgas arbeitender mehrstellungs-drehschalter
WO1996017420A1 (en) * 1994-11-28 1996-06-06 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Electric switching device
CN103117187A (zh) * 2012-11-23 2013-05-22 李继华 单刀双投旋转式户内高压隔离开关
EP3961668B1 (de) 2019-04-26 2023-06-07 Ormazabal Y Cia S.L.U. Abschalter für gasisolierte schaltanlage
CN110233081A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-09-13 广东电网有限责任公司 旋转式高压隔离开关
CN111524744A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 库柏爱迪生(平顶山)电子科技有限公司 灭弧喷口及具有其的负荷开关
CN111524744B (zh) * 2020-05-27 2023-03-31 库柏爱迪生(平顶山)电子科技有限公司 灭弧喷口及具有其的负荷开关
WO2024022681A1 (fr) 2022-07-26 2024-02-01 Socomec Module de coupure électrique avec barrière diélectrique
FR3138559A1 (fr) 2022-07-26 2024-02-02 Socomec Module de coupure électrique avec barrière diélectrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3780921D1 (de) 1992-09-10
EP0270389B1 (de) 1992-08-05
DE3780921T2 (de) 1993-03-25
FR2606209B1 (fr) 1994-05-20
ES2035099T3 (es) 1993-04-16
ATE79199T1 (de) 1992-08-15
FR2606209A1 (fr) 1988-05-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0538157B1 (de) Hybridschalter mit Axialblasspule
EP0847586B1 (de) Hybrid-hochspannungsschalter
EP0270389B1 (de) Gasisolierter mehrpoliger Drehschalter
FR2846802A1 (fr) Appareillage sous enveloppe metallique
FR2596576A1 (fr) Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage a tenue dielectrique amelioree
RU98114866A (ru) Вакуумный выключатель и вакуумное распределительное устройство
EP1652278B1 (de) Masseschalter mit drei stellungen
EP1946348B1 (de) Erdtrennschalter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0771057A1 (de) Mittelspannungsschaltanlage
FR2940516A1 (fr) Cellule de distribution electrique moyenne tension
EP0224051A1 (de) Schwefelhexafluoridposten zum Lastschalten
EP0693763A1 (de) Mittelspannung elektrischer Schalter
EP0924827A1 (de) Gasisolierte Mittelspannungsschaltgerätzelle mit erhöhter dielektrischer Festigkeit
EP0277848A1 (de) Mehrphasenleistungsschalter mit Selbstausdehnung, ausgerüstet mit einer gekapselten Löschkammer je Phase
EP1226641B1 (de) Geschottete metallgekapselte schaltanlage zum einsetzen von trennschaltern
EP1507274B1 (de) Erdungsschalter
EP0433183A1 (de) Dreipoliger gasisolierter Hochspannungsschalter
EP0338382B1 (de) Zelle für gekapselte Mittel oder Hochspannungsstation und Station, die aus solchen Zellen aufgebaut ist
EP0707364B1 (de) Gasisoliertes Hochspannungsgerät mit einem Lichtbogenkurzschlusselement
FR2803117A1 (fr) Combine sectionneur d'isolement, sectionneur de terre pour une installation electrique haute tension blindee
EP3076420B1 (de) Schnellerdungsverfahren mit stromunterbrechungseigenschaft für metallgekapselte schaltanlage
EP3486934A1 (de) Unterbrechungspol für stromunterbrechungsgerät
EP2200060B1 (de) Zelle zur Verteilung von Strom mittlerer Spannung
FR2823002A1 (fr) Interrupteur/sectionneur multifonctionnel pour poste de distribution electrique
KR960030284A (ko) 가스 절연 개폐장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19881024

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910611

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19920805

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19920805

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19920805

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19920805

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 79199

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19920815

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3780921

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920910

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: EUROPATENT S.A.S.

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19920805

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2035099

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20001011

Year of fee payment: 14

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20001011

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20001214

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20011001

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011009

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20011025

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011031

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011031

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: MERLIN GERIN

Effective date: 20011031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021010

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20031112

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051009