EP0269905B1 - Lifting cylinder unit - Google Patents
Lifting cylinder unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0269905B1 EP0269905B1 EP87116374A EP87116374A EP0269905B1 EP 0269905 B1 EP0269905 B1 EP 0269905B1 EP 87116374 A EP87116374 A EP 87116374A EP 87116374 A EP87116374 A EP 87116374A EP 0269905 B1 EP0269905 B1 EP 0269905B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- pressure
- sleeve
- disposed
- cylinder unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1471—Guiding means other than in the end cap
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/149—Fluid interconnections, e.g. fluid connectors, passages
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lifting cylinder unit consisting of a cylinder with a longitudinal bore in which a piston which can be pressurized pneumatically or hydraulically on both sides and which is connected via a piston rod led out at one end of the cylinder to a head part, on which a part to be moved Part can be fastened, the cylinder and the head part having approximately the same length, extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, arranged on opposite sides of the lifting cylinder unit and on the long sides with guide surfaces of a linear guide.
- Such a lifting cylinder unit is described in EP-A-0 134 398. It represents an alternative to the most common design of lifting cylinder units, for. B. according to FR-A-2277 260 and US-A-3,994,539, in which the head part is not arranged radially but axially next to the piston rod and the cylinder. In comparison to the latter lifting cylinder units, the design described at the outset offers the advantage of relatively large fastening surfaces not only on the cylinder, but also on the head part, as well as simple, reliable absorption of loads due to lateral forces and at the same time a very compact design.
- the invention has for its object to further reduce the space required for such lifting cylinder units and at the same time to ensure better accessibility of the pressure fluid connections.
- the longitudinal bore of the cylinder is lined with a sleeve, both pressure connections are arranged at the same end of the cylinder and the pressure fluid from the one pressure connection to the opposite end of the cylinder is guided by a channel which is formed by at least one longitudinal groove radially covered by the sleeve in the longitudinal bore of the cylinder and / or in the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and is thus partially limited by the outer surface of the sleeve.
- the additional bush provided according to the invention does not normally need to bring about an increase in the cross-sectional dimensions. At the same time you can achieve in this simple way that no more pressure connections are required at both ends of the cylinder.
- the proposed attachment of the pressurized fluid connections to the same end of the cylinder only requires the necessary space for the connections there, while the opposite end of the lifting cylinder unit can be attached in any way to other components or can be attached or moved directly next to these without, how so far, a pressure connection is disturbing at this end. Since both pressure connections are accessible at the same end of the cylinder according to the invention, assembly is also made considerably easier, since one end of the lifting cylinder units is usually easy to get to.
- the pressure connections are arranged on the end of the cylinder opposite the passage of the piston rod. It is thereby achieved that the axial space between the axially opposite surfaces of the cylinder and the head part and also, if appropriate, the longitudinally extending fastening surface of the cylinder can be kept free of pressure connections.
- each relatively small grooves can be machined and molded into the longitudinal bore of the cylinder and / or the outer lateral surface of the sleeve and through an annular channel which are connected to a pressure connection.
- the lifting cylinder unit shown in the drawing consists of a cylinder 10 and a head part 12 which is mounted and guided longitudinally displaceably on the cylinder 10 in the manner of a slide.
- the head part 12 is U-shaped in cross section and partially overlaps the cylinder 10, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the linear guide preferably consists of balls or other rolling elements which run in opposite longitudinal grooves of the two parts 10 and 12.
- the cylinder 10 can be fastened to a machine frame with its lower, longitudinally extending fastening surface or also with its free end surface, for example by means of screws. On the top of the head part 12, where three threaded holes are present in the example shown in FIG. 3, z. B. with the help of a tool, a workpiece or a measuring instrument. Parts that are to be moved relative to the cylinder 10 can also be attached to the outer end face of the head part 12.
- the cylinder 10 has front and rear end walls 14 and 16, respectively.
- a cylinder bore 18 extends from its front to the rear end.
- a piston 20 is guided in the longitudinal bore 18 and divides it into a front cylinder chamber 22 and a rear cylinder chamber 24.
- the head part 12 has an L-shape in longitudinal section according to FIG. 1, the longer leg being approximately as long as the cylinder 10, and the shorter leg being connected to the piston rod 26.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the longitudinal bore 18 of the cylinder 10 is lined with a sleeve 28.
- the piston 20 On the inner wall of the sleeve 18, the piston 20. With its outer lateral surface, the sleeve 18 is seated so firmly in the cylinder 10 that it extends from one to the other end wall 14, 16 of the cylinder into the longitudinal bore 18 before the insertion of the Bush 28 incorporated longitudinal groove 30 closes radially inward tight.
- the channel 30 is connected to an external pressure connection via a connection bore 32.
- the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure fluid introduced into the channel 30 above flows directly in front of the rear end wall 16 via a radial opening 34 in the sleeve 28 into the rear cylinder chamber 24.
- connection bore 36 in the front end wall 14 forms a connection between the front cylinder chamber 22 and another external pressure connection.
- the non-pressurized connection bore 32 or 36 serves as a return line for the fluid displaced from the respectively relieved cylinder chamber 22 or 24.
- FIG. 1 shows an alternative in that at least one of the pressure connections can be attached on the side of the lower, longitudinally extending fastening surface of the cylinder 10.
- the pressure connections there is the further possibility of placing the pressure connections on one side or on opposite sides of the front end wall 14, compare the connection bore indicated in FIG. 3.
- the rear end wall 16 is more accessible from below or from the side than the front end wall 14. In this case, the pressure connections would be attached to the rear end wall 16.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubzylinder-Einheit, bestehend aus einem Zylinder mit einer Längsbohrung, in welcher ein beidseitig pneumatisch oder hydraulisch mit Druck beaufschlagbarer Kolben gleitet, der über eine an einem Ende des Zylinders herausgeführte Kolbenstange mit einem Kopfteil verbunden ist, an welchem ein zu bewegendes Teil befestigbar ist, wobei der Zylinder und das Kopfteil mit etwa gleich langen, sich in Längsrichtung des Zylinders erstreckenden, an entgegengesetzten Seiten der Hubzylinder-Einheit angeordneten Befestigungsflächen und an den Längsseiten mit Führungsflächen einer Linearführung ausgebildet sind.The invention relates to a lifting cylinder unit consisting of a cylinder with a longitudinal bore in which a piston which can be pressurized pneumatically or hydraulically on both sides and which is connected via a piston rod led out at one end of the cylinder to a head part, on which a part to be moved Part can be fastened, the cylinder and the head part having approximately the same length, extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, arranged on opposite sides of the lifting cylinder unit and on the long sides with guide surfaces of a linear guide.
Eine derartige Hubzylinder-Einheit ist in der EP-A-0 134 398 beschrieben. Sie stellt eine Alternative dar zu der gebräuchlichsten Bauform von Hubzylinder-Einheiten, z. B. gemäß FR-A-2277 260 und US-A-3,994,539, bei denen das Kopfteil nicht radial, sondern axial neben der Kolbenstange und dem Zylinder angeordnet ist. Im Vergleich zu diesen letztgenannten Hubzylinder-Einheiten bietet die eingangs bezeichnete Ausführung den Vorteil verhältnismäßig großer Befestigungsflächen nicht nur am Zylinder, sondern auch am Kopfteil sowie einfacher, zuverlässiger Aufnahme von Belastungen durch Seitenkräfte bei gleichzeitig sehr kompakter Bauweise.Such a lifting cylinder unit is described in EP-A-0 134 398. It represents an alternative to the most common design of lifting cylinder units, for. B. according to FR-A-2277 260 and US-A-3,994,539, in which the head part is not arranged radially but axially next to the piston rod and the cylinder. In comparison to the latter lifting cylinder units, the design described at the outset offers the advantage of relatively large fastening surfaces not only on the cylinder, but also on the head part, as well as simple, reliable absorption of loads due to lateral forces and at the same time a very compact design.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den notwendigen Raumbedarf derartiger Hubzylinder-Einheiten noch weiter zu verkleinern und gleichzeitig für bessere Zugänglichkeit der Druckfluid-Anschlüsse zu sorgen.The invention has for its object to further reduce the space required for such lifting cylinder units and at the same time to ensure better accessibility of the pressure fluid connections.
Vorstehende Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Längsbohrung des Zylinders mit einer Büchse ausgekleidet ist, beide Druckanschlüsse an demselben Ende des Zylinders angeordnet sind und das Druckfluid von dem einen Druckanschluß zum entgegengesetzten Ende des Zylinders durch einen Kanal geführt ist, der durch wenigstens eine durch die Büchse radial innen abgedeckte Längsnut in der Längsbohrung des Zylinders und/oder in der äußeren Mantelfläche der Büchse gebildet und somit teilweise durch die äußere Fläche der Büchse begrenzt ist.The above object is achieved in that the longitudinal bore of the cylinder is lined with a sleeve, both pressure connections are arranged at the same end of the cylinder and the pressure fluid from the one pressure connection to the opposite end of the cylinder is guided by a channel which is formed by at least one longitudinal groove radially covered by the sleeve in the longitudinal bore of the cylinder and / or in the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and is thus partially limited by the outer surface of the sleeve.
Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene zusätzliche Büchse braucht normalerweise keine Vergrößerung der Querschnittsmaße mit sich zu bringen. Gleichzeitig erreicht man auf diesem einfachen Wege, daß nicht mehr Druckanschlüsse an beiden Enden des Zylinders erforderlich sind. Die vorgeschlagene Anbringung der Druckfluidanschlüsse an demselben Ende des Zylinders erfordert nur noch dort den notwendigen Platzbedarf für die Anschlüsse, während das gegenüberliegende Ende der Hubzylinder-Einheit in beliebiger Weise an anderen Bauteilen befestigt oder unmittelbar neben diesen angebracht oder vorbeibewegt werden kann, ohne daß, wie bisher, an diesem Ende ein Druckanschluß stört. Indem beide Druckanschlüsse erfindungsgemäß an demselben Ende des Zylinders zugänglich sind, wird außerdem die Montage wesentlich erleichtert, denn an das eine Ende der Hubzylinder-Einheiten kommt man meistens gut heran.The additional bush provided according to the invention does not normally need to bring about an increase in the cross-sectional dimensions. At the same time you can achieve in this simple way that no more pressure connections are required at both ends of the cylinder. The proposed attachment of the pressurized fluid connections to the same end of the cylinder only requires the necessary space for the connections there, while the opposite end of the lifting cylinder unit can be attached in any way to other components or can be attached or moved directly next to these without, how so far, a pressure connection is disturbing at this end. Since both pressure connections are accessible at the same end of the cylinder according to the invention, assembly is also made considerably easier, since one end of the lifting cylinder units is usually easy to get to.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Druckanschlüsse an dem der Durchführung der Kolbenstange gegenüberliegenden Ende des Zylinders angeordnet. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß der axiale Zwischenraum zwischen den axial gegenüberliegenden Flächen des Zylinders und des Kopfteils und außerdem gegebenenfalls die sich in Längsrichtung erstreckende Befestigungsfläche des Zylinders von Druckanschlüssen freigehalten werden können.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure connections are arranged on the end of the cylinder opposite the passage of the piston rod. It is thereby achieved that the axial space between the axially opposite surfaces of the cylinder and the head part and also, if appropriate, the longitudinally extending fastening surface of the cylinder can be kept free of pressure connections.
Wird ein verhältnismäßig großer Strömungsquerschnitt gebraucht, sollen aber die Querschnittsmaße des Zylinders möglichst klein gehalten werden, so können mehrere parallele, je für sich verhältnismäßig kleine Nuten in die Längsbohrung des Zylinders und/oder die äußere Mantelfläche der Büchse eingearbeitet und eingeformt und durch einen Ringkanal mit dem einen Druckanschluß verbunden werden.If a relatively large flow cross-section is needed, but the cross-sectional dimensions of the cylinder are to be kept as small as possible, several parallel, each relatively small grooves can be machined and molded into the longitudinal bore of the cylinder and / or the outer lateral surface of the sleeve and through an annular channel which are connected to a pressure connection.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Hubzylinder-Einheit;
- Fig. 2
- einen Querschnitt durch die Hubzylinder-Einheit nach Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht der Hubzylinder-Einheit nach Fig. 1 und 2;
- Fig. 4 u. 5
- in größerem Maßstab als Fig. 1 und 2 einen Querschnitt und einen Längsschnitt durch den Zylinder der Hubzylinder-Einheit nach Fig. 1 bis 3 bei gleichzeitig geänderter Anordnung der Druckanschlüsse.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a lifting cylinder unit;
- Fig. 2
- a cross section through the lifting cylinder unit of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 3
- a perspective view of the lifting cylinder unit according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
- Fig. 4 u. 5
- on a larger scale than FIGS. 1 and 2, a cross-section and a longitudinal section through the cylinder of the lifting cylinder unit according to FIGS. 1 to 3 with a simultaneously changed arrangement of the pressure connections.
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Hubzylinder-Einheit besteht aus einem Zylinder 10 und einem Kopfteil 12, welches nach Art eines Schlittens längsverschieblich auf dem Zylinder 10 gelagert und geführt ist. Das Kopfteil 12 ist im Querschnitt U-förmig und übergreift den Zylinder 10 teilweise, wie dies aus Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich ist. Die Linearführung besteht vorzugsweise gemäß Fig. 2 aus Kugeln oder anderen Wälzkörpern, die in gegenüberliegenden Längsnuten der beiden Teile 10 und 12 laufen.The lifting cylinder unit shown in the drawing consists of a
Der Zylinder 10 kann mit seiner unteren, sich in Längsrichtung erstreckenden Befestigungsfläche oder auch mit seiner freien Stirnfläche beispielsweise mittels Schrauben an einem Maschinenrahmen befestigt werden. Auf der Oberseite des Kopfteils 12, wo gemäß Fig. 3 im Beispielsfall drei Gewindebohrungen vorhanden sind, kann z. B. mit deren Hilfe ein Werkzeug, ein Werkstück oder ein Meßinstrument befestigt werden. Auch auf der äußeren Stirnfläche des Kopfteils 12 lassen sich Teile anbringen, die relativ zum Zylinder 10 bewegt werden sollen.The
Der Zylinder 10 hat eine vordere und eine hintere Endwand 14 bzw. 16. Eine Zylinderbohrung 18 erstreckt sich von seinem vorderen zum hinteren Ende. In der Längsbohrung 18 ist ein Kolben 20 geführt, der sie in eine vordere Zylinderkammer 22 und eine hintere Zylinderkammer 24 unterteilt. Eine Kolbenstange 26, welche den Kolben 20 mit dem Kopfteil 12 an dessen hinteren Ende verbindet, erstreckt sich durch die hintere Wand 16 des Zylinders.The
Das Kopfteil 12 hat im Längsschnitt nach Fig. 1 L-Form, wobei der längere Schenkel etwa ebenso lang ist wie der Zylinder 10, und der kürzere Schenkel mit der Kolbenstange 26 verbunden ist.The
Die im größeren Maßstab dargestellten Schnittansichten nach Fig. 4 und 5 zeigen, daß die Längsbohrung 18 des Zylinders 10 mit einer Büchse 28 ausgekleidet ist. An der Innenwand der Büchse 18 führt sich der Kolben 20. Mit ihrer äußeren Mantelfläche sitzt die Büchse 18 so fest im Zylinder 10, daß sie eine sich von einer zur anderen Endwand 14, 16 des Zylinders erstreckende, in die Längsbohrung 18 vor dem Einsetzen der Büchse 28 eingearbeitete Längsnut 30 radial nach innen dicht verschließt. Über eine Anschlußbohrung 32 ist der Kanal 30 mit einem äußeren Druckanschluß verbunden. Das darüber in den Kanal 30 eingeführte pneumatische oder hydraulische Druckfluid strömt unmittelbar vor der hinteren Endwand 16 über eine radiale Öffnung 34 in der Büchse 28 in die hintere Zylinderkammer 24. Eine weitere Anschlußbohrung 36 in der vorderen Endwand 14 bildet eine Verbindung zwischen der vorderen Zylinderkammer 22 und einem weiteren äußeren Druckanschluß. In üblicher Weise dient die jeweils nicht mit Druck beaufschlagte Anschlußbohrung 32 bzw. 36 als Rückleitung für das aus der jeweils entlasteten Zylinderkammer 22 bzw. 24 verdrängte Fluid.The sectional views according to FIGS. 4 and 5 shown on a larger scale show that the
Während bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 5 die Druckanschlüsse stirnseitig vor der vorderen Endwand 14 angebracht sind, zeigt Fig. 1 eine Alternative insofern, als wenigstens einer der Druckanschlüsse auf seiten der unteren, sich in Längsrichtung erstreckenden Befestigungsfläche des Zylinders 10 angebracht sein kann. Daneben besteht die weitere Möglichkeit, die Druckanschlüsse an einer Seite oder an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der vorderen Endwand 14 anzusetzen, vergleiche die in Fig. 3 angedeutete Anschlußbohrung. Schließlich könnte es auch vorkommen, daß die hintere Endwand 16 von unten oder von der Seite besser erreichbar ist als die vordere Endwand 14. In diesem Fall würde man die Druckanschlüsse an der hinteren Endwand 16 anbringen.5, the pressure connections are attached on the front side in front of the
Claims (4)
- A displacement cylinder unit, comprising a cylinder (10) having a longitudinal bore (18) in which slides a piston (20) on which pressure can act pneumatically or hydraulically at both ends and which is connected, via a piston rod (26) extending from one end of the cylinder (10), to a head (12) to which a member to be moved can be secured, wherein the cylinder (10) and the head (12) are formed with securing surfaces, which are of approximately the same length, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder (10) and which are disposed at opposite ends of the lifting cylinder unit, and on the longitudinal sides they are formed with guide surfaces of a linear guide, characterised in that the longitudinal bore (18) of the cylinder (10) is lined with a sleeve (28), both pressure connections (32, 36) are disposed at the same end of the cylinder (10) and the pressure fluid is conveyed from one pressure connection (32) to the opposite end of the cylinder (10) through a passage (30) which is formed by at least one longitudinal groove, covered radially inwards by the sleeve (28), in the longitudinal bore (18) of the cylinder (10) and/or in the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve (28) and which is thus partly bounded by the outer surface of the sleeve (28).
- A displacement cylinder unit according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pressure connections (32, 36) are disposed at the end of the cylinder (10) opposite the passage for the piston rod (26).
- A displacement cylinder unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the pressure connections (32, 36) are disposed on the front end face (14) of the cylinder (10).
- A lifting cylinder unit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one pressure connection (32, 36) is disposed on a longitudinally extending securing surface of the cylinder (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US93675786A | 1986-12-02 | 1986-12-02 | |
US936757 | 1986-12-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0269905A2 EP0269905A2 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
EP0269905A3 EP0269905A3 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
EP0269905B1 true EP0269905B1 (en) | 1992-04-29 |
Family
ID=25469035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87116374A Expired - Lifetime EP0269905B1 (en) | 1986-12-02 | 1987-11-06 | Lifting cylinder unit |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0269905B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3778655D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0518922B1 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1994-01-19 | ZF FRIEDRICHSHAFEN Aktiengesellschaft | Hydraulic rack steering gear |
BE1011346A3 (en) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-07-06 | Dhollander Jan Jozef Prudence | Improved hydraulic cylinder |
CN102062131B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-04-17 | 无锡迪奥机械有限公司 | Steerable and differential hydraulic damping cylinder |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0134398A1 (en) * | 1983-08-27 | 1985-03-20 | Franco Toss | Modular piston-driven Actuator |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2686448A (en) * | 1950-07-31 | 1954-08-17 | Gisholt Machine Co | Hydraulic screw feed |
DE2939422A1 (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1981-04-16 | Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Dr. 7064 Remshalden Wiesner | Cylinder block with cylinder head and bottom guide - has each cylinder with internal and external tubes, and medium connection on head section front face |
WO1986002054A1 (en) * | 1984-10-03 | 1986-04-10 | FUSSEDER, Günther | Servo-steering motor |
DE8606976U1 (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1986-07-17 | Index-Werke Kg Hahn & Tessky, 7300 Esslingen | Feed device for a tool slide of a machine tool |
-
1987
- 1987-11-06 EP EP87116374A patent/EP0269905B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-06 DE DE8787116374T patent/DE3778655D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0134398A1 (en) * | 1983-08-27 | 1985-03-20 | Franco Toss | Modular piston-driven Actuator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN Band 9, Nr.87(M-372)(1810),17.April 1985; * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3778655D1 (en) | 1992-06-04 |
EP0269905A3 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
EP0269905A2 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
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