EP0267096B1 - Werkzeug zur Messung des Drucks in einer Ölbohrung - Google Patents

Werkzeug zur Messung des Drucks in einer Ölbohrung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0267096B1
EP0267096B1 EP87402349A EP87402349A EP0267096B1 EP 0267096 B1 EP0267096 B1 EP 0267096B1 EP 87402349 A EP87402349 A EP 87402349A EP 87402349 A EP87402349 A EP 87402349A EP 0267096 B1 EP0267096 B1 EP 0267096B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
pressure sensor
orifices
tubing
ssd
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87402349A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0267096A1 (de
Inventor
Patrice Corjon
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Flopetrol Services Inc
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Flopetrol Services Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Flopetrol Services Inc filed Critical Flopetrol Services Inc
Publication of EP0267096A1 publication Critical patent/EP0267096A1/de
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Publication of EP0267096B1 publication Critical patent/EP0267096B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/004—Indexing systems for guiding relative movement between telescoping parts of downhole tools
    • E21B23/006—"J-slot" systems, i.e. lug and slot indexing mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool for measuring the pressure created in an oil well by the underground formation where the well is drilled, the latter being delimited by a casing inside which has been installed a production column comprising a section forming a sliding jacket circulation valve, this valve being able to put in communication, on command, the interior space of the production column with the annular space comprised between it and the casing by facing orifices practiced in the wall of said section and in the sliding jacket.
  • Pressure measurements in oil wells provide important information about the characteristics of the oil formations where they are drilled.
  • the pressure drop caused by a sudden voluntary increase in surface flow makes it possible to calculate the production index, that is to say the production capacity of the well as a function of the fall in pressure.
  • Knowledge of this index which depends on the permeability and the dimensions of the reservoir that constitutes the underground formation, makes it possible to adjust the production rate to its optimal value.
  • the measurement - at a determined depth - of the pressure created by the underground formation which is that which prevails in the abovementioned annular space, accompanied by the measurement - at the same depth - the pressure in the production column which depends on the pumping regime, makes it possible to evaluate the efficiency of the pump used and to detect any damage manifested by abnormal variations in the efficiency.
  • the pressure created by the underground formation must be measured in the annular space between the casing and the production column.
  • the height of the petroleum column in said annular space is directly linked to this pressure, and it has been proposed to measure this height from the time of the return wave of an acoustic wave emitted on the surface of the ground and reflecting on the air-oil interface of this column.
  • packing a tight packing
  • European patent application EP-A-0 023 399 describes a well testing apparatus for measuring the pressure of underground formations.
  • the well includes a production column fitted at its end with a sliding jacket valve.
  • a pressure sensor can be lowered into the production column and locked in the valve so that the pressure of the annular space of the well is applied to the sensor via a connection passage.
  • the present invention relates to a tool designed to be lowered inside the production column and locked at the level of the circulation valve section that this includes.
  • This tool comprises means for tight connection with respect to the pressure prevailing in the production column-orifices of said valve, brought to each other, with a pressure sensor, so that the latter receives the application, via said orifices and said sealed connection means, of the pressure prevailing in the abovementioned annular space at said section.
  • the tool is composed of two coaxial elements which can slide telescopically, namely a first tubular element with an outside diameter slightly less than the inside diameter of the production column, and a second element which can slide over a limited stroke within an internal range of the first element and comprising a sealed connection conduit of the pressure sensor to said orifices.
  • the second element can take, relative to the first element, on the one hand a low position determined by an end-of-travel stop and on the other hand, a high position also determined by an end-of-travel stop, where is ensured, placing said conduit in communication with the orifices of the circulation valve.
  • This arrangement allows, by retracting the second element in the first, to release the top of the latter in order to facilitate its gripping by a descent or ascent tool, possibly via an anchoring mandrel to which the first element is secured and can be operated using a lowering or recovery tool and lockable in the circulation valve section of the production column.
  • connection conduit opens onto the external surface of the second element in a location such that, when this element is in the high position, the outlet of the conduit is located in the median region of the internal range of the first element and is in communication with at least a channel pierced through the wall of the first element and communicating itself, via an annular space comprised between the external surface of the first element and the internal surface of the sliding sleeve, with the orifices of the latter and of the wall of the section forming circulation valve.
  • the aforementioned conduit should open into an annular groove hollowed out in the internal bearing of the first element and communicating with the one or more channels crossing the wall of this element.
  • the pressure sensor is carried by the tool, preferably being mounted thereon removably, so that the tool and the pressure sensor can be operated independently.
  • the second element of the tool comprises, at its upper part, a tubular junction end which leads to said connection conduit and which makes it possible to connect thereto, so waterproof, the pressure sensor.
  • the latter is preferably coupled to the nozzle by a separable connection device comprising fingers cooperating with a system of J-grooves and allowing the coupling, then the uncoupling of the pressure sensor and the nozzle by control from the ground surface using a suspension cable.
  • the second element In order to allow the oil to pass through the tool in place in the production column, its second element should have a tubular lower part at the top of which at least one orifice is pierced. Furthermore, the pressure equalization in the production column during the withdrawal of the tool can be obtained by providing that the stop defining the low position of the second element is constituted by a ring fixed in the first element in a non-definitive manner, which closes at least one orifice drilled through the wall of the first element and that this ring, expelled at the end of use of the tool using a recovery tool designed to force the second element to descend relative to the first, discovers said orifice, which then connects the spaces located outside and inside the first element.
  • FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C which are connected along the lines AB and CD, together represent, in longitudinal section, a tool according to the invention in a practical embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 represents the tool of FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C ready to be reassembled after completion of a cycle of pressure measurements.
  • FIG. 7 schematically represents part of the flat development of the peripheral surface of a J-grooved barrel which the tool includes to allow the attachment and the detachment of a pressure sensor.
  • FIG. 1 represents an oil well delimited by a casing 10, in which a production column has been installed 11.
  • the casing 10 has perforations 12 at the level of the oil formation 13 where the well is drilled, through which the oil penetrates .
  • This due to its pressure, rises to a level N (located below the surface of the ground 18) in the annular space 15 between the casing 10 and the production column 11.
  • N located below the surface of the ground 18
  • a submerged pump 16 fitted with a non-return valve
  • the annular space 15 is closed by a circular packing or "packer" 19 at the level of which a safety valve 20 can be arranged.
  • the production column 11 comprises a section with an SSD circulation valve using a sliding jacket 21, the operation of which allows, by coincidence of orifices 22, 23 which the wall of the SSD section extends respectively, extending that of the production column 11 and the wall of the sliding shirt 21, to create a common path ication between the interior of the production column 11 and the annular space 15 (this possibility being used mainly when it is desired to "kill" the well by filling it with mud).
  • the tool according to the invention consists essentially of two elements 1, 2, of generally tubular shape, arranged coaxially around the axis A of the production column 11 In the latter can slide the element 1, of larger diameter, while the element 2, of smaller diameter, can slide inside the element 1. More precisely, the external surface of the element 1, cylindrical of revolution, has a diameter chosen so that it can slide with gentle friction in two internal sealing surfaces 24, 25 which the SSO section of the production column on either side of the movable sleeve 21, these ranges further limiting the sliding stroke thereof.
  • the upper surface 25 has an annular groove 26 (FIG. 2) in which are locked locking keys 27 belonging to an anchoring mandrel 28 secured to the upper end of the element 1.
  • the latter comprises, in the region of its lower end, an annular seal 38 which, when the element 1 is immobilized in the SSD section by the anchoring mandrel 28 locked by means of its keys 27 (FIG. 4), cooperates with the lower sealing surface 24 of the SSD section.
  • annular seal 38 which, when the element 1 is immobilized in the SSD section by the anchoring mandrel 28 locked by means of its keys 27 (FIG. 4), cooperates with the lower sealing surface 24 of the SSD section.
  • the sliding sleeve 21 is housed in the annular space 29 delimited by the internal surface of the SSD section, the surfaces 24 and 25 of the latter and the external surface of the element 1.
  • the external diameter of the sleeve 21 corresponds to internal diameter of the SSD section between said spans; on the other hand, the inside diameter of the jacket is greater than the outside diameter of the element 1, so that an annular space 30 appears between the element 1 and the jacket 21.
  • the orifices 22 of the SSD section are of course located between the surfaces 24 and 25, while the position of the orifices 23 of the jacket 21 over the length thereof and this length itself are chosen so that, depending on the extreme longitudinal position occupied by the jacket 21 in the section SSD, either these orifices come opposite the orifices 22 of the latter, putting the space 30 into communication with the space 15 surrounding the SSO section, or these latter orifices 22 are closed by the cylindrical wall 21a of the jacket 21. That -This comprises, at each of its ends, an internal annular rim 21b, 21c giving grip to an actuating member which allows it to slide up or down.
  • Element 2 essentially comprises a hollow cylindrical part 2a and, extending the latter at its upper end, a nozzle 2b for connection to a pressure sensor 31.
  • Part 2a the outside diameter of which is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the element 1, can slide longitudinally in the latter while being guided by an internal bearing 1a forming a projection on the internal surface of element 1.
  • the excursion of element 2 is limited, upwards, by an external flange 2c that comprises the part 2a at its lower end and which abuts against said internal bearing of the part 1, and, downwards, by a ring 32 fixed inside the element 1 and against which abuts l 'lower end of element 2 ( Figure 3).
  • the part 2a is pierced with orifices 33 which allow the circulation of the oil through the tool, via the interior spaces of the element 1 and of said part 2a of the element 2.
  • the internal surface 1a of the element 1 is hollowed out with an annular groove 1b open towards the interior of the element and connected to the space surrounding it by channels 1c drilled radially through its cylindrical wall.
  • the element 2 comprises a conduit 35 which is on the one hand connected to a channel 2d pierced axially in its end piece 2b and on the other hand opens, through the cylindrical wall of its part 2a, into the annular groove 1b mentioned above when the element 2 is in high stop inside the part 1, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Quant at the end piece 2c it can be connected to the pressure sensor 31 by means of a junction socket 3 connected in leaktight manner by its upper end to said sensor and by an internal bearing 3a to the end piece 2b.
  • the sleeve 3 can be hung on the end piece 2b or be detached at will by simple axial displacement printed thereon via a cable of suspension 36 to which it is attached, as will be described later.
  • the tool 1, 2 When it is desired to make pressure measurements in the well, the tool 1, 2 is lowered into the production column 11 to be stationed at the level of the section forming the SSD circulation valve.
  • the sliding sleeve 21 thereof normally in the closed position, has been previously put in its open position where the orifices 22, 23 are opposite.
  • the tool descends FIG. 2
  • its element 2 When the tool descends (FIG. 2), its element 2 is in the low position in the part 1, resting on the ring 32 fixed to the foot of the latter, so as to release the latching mandrel 28 and to allow it to be coupled to a lowering tool 37 (visible in FIG. 3) attached to the suspension cable 36.
  • the keys 27 of the hanging chuck 28 engage in the groove 26 of the bearing upper 25 of the SSD section, which immobilizes the tool in the latter, the channels 1c of its part 1 opening outwardly into the annular space 30 comprised between the flanges 21b, 21c of the jacket 21, while the annular seal 38 of this same element 1 is located opposite the lower surface 24 of the SSD section and ensures a tight contact at this point, below the jacket 21.
  • the seal is the same provided by an annular seal 39 belonging to the attachment mandrel 28 and cooperating with the upper reach 25.
  • the descent tool 37 is detached from the latter and raised to the surface using the cable 36; then, using this same cable, the junction sleeve 3 carrying the pressure sensor 31 is lowered. just fits tightly, by the internal surface 3a which it comprises, provided with an annular seal 40, on the end piece 2b of the element 2 of the tool.
  • the sensor 31 is connected to the conduit 35 via the channel 2d of the end piece 2b ( Figure 4).
  • a pair of fingers 3b which is fitted with the socket 3 engages with a system of grooves 41 which appears on the periphery of a part of the nozzle 2b in the form of a barrel, and which is composed (FIG.
  • the tool 1, 2 in the configuration of FIG. 4 communicates the associated pressure sensor 31, which, like it, is immersed in the oil contained in the production column 11, with the annular space 15 surrounding the latter, so that it makes it possible to carry out measurements of the pressure of the oil contained in this space.
  • the oil can, under the discharge action of the pump 16, go back up into said column by crossing the tool with discomfort minimal, via a non-return valve formed by a ball 42 and a circular seat 43 conjugated by the element 1 at its lower end, then via the interior space thereof, the interior space of the part 2a of the element 2 and the orifices 33 of the latter element (FIG. 4).
  • Said non-return valve doubles that of the pump 16, taking over from the latter if it were to exhibit a leak.
  • the efficiency of the pump 16 can be determined by associating with the pressure sensor 31 a second pressure sensor (not shown) which measures the pressure inside the production column.
  • FIG. 5C shows the presence of an orifice 49 drilled in the wall of the element 1 of the tool and capable of bringing the spaces located on either side of this wall into communication.
  • this orifice is obscured and rendered inoperative by the ring 32, which cooperates with an internal bearing Id of the element 1 in tight contact thanks to a pair of O-rings 51 between which is the orifice 49.
  • this orifice opens, on the inner side of the element 1, into a narrow closed annular chamber, limited by the bearing 1d, the periphery of the ring 32 and the pair of O-rings 51.
  • the orifice 49 can be activated by expulsion of the ring 32, the latter being fixed in the bearing 1d by a pair of shear pins 52.
  • a pair of shear pins 52 can also be provided, also between the two O-rings 51 when the ring 32 is in place in the range 1d of the element 1.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the final step before the raising the tool once the pressure measurements have been completed.
  • the junction sleeve 3 is uncoupled from the end piece 2b, it is brought up to the surface with the pressure sensor 31, then a draft tool 45 is lowered which hangs on the anchoring mandrel 28.
  • the recovery tool 45 pushes, by an axial arm 46 which it has, the element 2 downwards, so that the latter releases the ring 32 causing the shearing of pins 52 which fixed it to element 1, and makes it descend to a transverse rod 48 of abutment.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Gerät (1, 2), das die Messung des in einem Ölbohrloch durch die unterirdischen Formationen, wo das Bohrloch abgeteuft ist, erzeugten Drucks ermöglicht, welches Bohrloch von einer Auskleidung (10) begrenzt ist, in deren Innern eine Förderkolonne (11) mit einem Abschnitt installiert ist, der ein Zirkulationsventil (SSD) mit Gleithülse (21) bildet, welches Ventil auf Kommando den Innenraum der Förderkolonne mit dem Ringraum (15) zwischen dieser und der Auskleidung durch Ausfluchten von Öffnungen (22, 23), eingebracht in die Wandung des Abschnitts und in die Gleithülse, kommunizieren läßt,
welches Gerät im Innern der Förderkolonne (11) ablaßbar und in Höhe des Zirkulationsventilabschnitts (SSD) verankerbar ist sowie abdichtende Verbindungsmittel - bezüglich des in der Förderkolonne herrschenden Drucks - der in gegenseitige Ausfluchtung gebrachten Öffnungen (22, 23) aufweist mit einem Druckfühler (31) derart, daß dieser über die Öffnungen und die abdichtende Verbindung die Beaufschlagung mit dem in dem vorgenannten Ringraum (15) in Höhe des Abschnitts (SSD) herrschenden Drucks empfängt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zwei koaxiale teleskopartig gleitbewegliche Elemente (1, 2) umfaßt, nämlich ein erstes rohrförmiges Element (1) mit einem Außendurchmesser, der etwas kleiner ist als der innendurchmesser der Förderkolonne (11), und ein zweites Element (2), das über einen begrenzten Hub in einer Innenabstützung (1a) des ersten Elements (1) gleitbeweglich ist und eine abdichtende Verbindungsleitung (35) des Druckfühlers (31) zu den Öffnungen (22, 23) umfaßt, welches zweite Element (2) relativ zum ersten Element eine untere, durch einen Anschlag definierte Endposition (32) und eine durch einen Anschlag (1a) definierte obere Endposition einnehmen kann, in der die Kommunikationsherstellung der Leitung (35) mit den Öffnungen (22, 23) des Zirkulationsventils (SSD) sichergestellt ist.
2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Element (1) für die Verbindung mit einem Verankerungsdorn (28) ausgebildet ist, der mit Hilfe eines Ablaßwerkzeugs (37) oder Fangwerkzeugs (45) manövrierbar und in dem das Zirkulationsventil (SSD) bildenden Abschnitt der Förderkolonne (11) verankerbar ist.
3. Gerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (35) zur Außenfläche des zweiten Elements (2) an einer Stelle mündet, wo bei der oberen Position dieses Elements die Mündung der Leitung (35) sich in dem mittleren Bereich der Innenabstützung (1a) des ersten Elements (1) und in Kommunikation mit mindestens einem Kanal (1c) befindet, der die Wandung des ersten Elements (1) durchsetzt und seinerseits über einen Ringraum (30), gebildet zwischen der Außenfläche des ersten Elements (1) und der Innenfläche der Gleithülse (21), mit den Öffnungen (22, 23) derselben und der Wandung des Abschnitts kommuniziert, der das Zirkulationsventil (SSD) bildet.
4. Gerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung (35) in eine Ringnut (1 b) mündet, eingearbeitet in die innenabstützung (1 a) des ersten Elements (1) und kommunizierend mit dem Kanal oder den Kanälen, die die Wandung dieses Elements durchsetzen.
5. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es den Druckfühler (31) trägt.
6. Gerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckfühler (31) lösbar montiert ist.
7. Gerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Element (2) des Geräts an seinem oberen Bereich einen rohrförmigen Verbindungsfortsatz (2b) aufweist, an dem die Verbindungsleitung (35) endet und an dem abdichtend der Druckfühler (31) anschließbar ist.
8. Gerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckfühler (31) mittels einer auftrennbaren Verbindungseinrichtung (3) angekuppelt ist, die mit einem System J-förmiger Nuten (41) zusammenwirkende Finger (3b) umfaßt und das Ankuppeln und folgende Abkuppeln des Druckfühlers (31) und des Fortsatzes (2b) durch Steuern von der Erdoberfläche aus mit Hilfe eines Suspensionskabels (36) ermöglicht.
9. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Element (2) eine untere rohrförmige Partie (2a) aufweist, an deren Gipfel mindestens eine Bohrung (33) eingebracht ist, die die Passage von Erdöl durch das Gerät (1, 2) ermöglicht.
10. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste, die untere Position des zweiten Elements (2) definierende Anschlag von einem Ring (32) gebildet ist, der in nicht-definitiver Weise in dem ersten Element (1) befestigt ist und der mindestens eine die Wandung des ersten Elements (1) durchsetzende Öffnung (49) absperrt, und daß dieser Ring, der am Ende der Benutzung des Geräts mittels eines Fangwerkzeugs (45), konzipiert zum Herabstoßendes zweiten Elements (2) relativ zum ersten, ausgestoßen wird, diese Öffnung (49) freilegt, welche dann die außerhalb und innerhalb des ersten Elements (1) liegenden Räume in Kommunikation bringt.
EP87402349A 1986-10-30 1987-10-21 Werkzeug zur Messung des Drucks in einer Ölbohrung Expired - Lifetime EP0267096B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8615166 1986-10-30
FR8615166A FR2606070B1 (fr) 1986-10-30 1986-10-30 Outil permettant la mesure de la pression dans un puits de petrole

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0267096A1 EP0267096A1 (de) 1988-05-11
EP0267096B1 true EP0267096B1 (de) 1991-01-30

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EP87402349A Expired - Lifetime EP0267096B1 (de) 1986-10-30 1987-10-21 Werkzeug zur Messung des Drucks in einer Ölbohrung

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US (1) US4802359A (de)
EP (1) EP0267096B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3767830D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2606070B1 (de)

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US9551210B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2017-01-24 Carbo Ceramics Inc. Systems and methods for removal of electromagnetic dispersion and attenuation for imaging of proppant in an induced fracture
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2606070A1 (fr) 1988-05-06
DE3767830D1 (de) 1991-03-07
EP0267096A1 (de) 1988-05-11
US4802359A (en) 1989-02-07
FR2606070B1 (fr) 1992-02-28

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