EP0264596A1 - Method of disposing with lye leaving cleaning machines - Google Patents

Method of disposing with lye leaving cleaning machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0264596A1
EP0264596A1 EP87112794A EP87112794A EP0264596A1 EP 0264596 A1 EP0264596 A1 EP 0264596A1 EP 87112794 A EP87112794 A EP 87112794A EP 87112794 A EP87112794 A EP 87112794A EP 0264596 A1 EP0264596 A1 EP 0264596A1
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Prior art keywords
sludge
lye
cleaning machines
tank
caustic solution
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EP87112794A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0264596B1 (en
Inventor
Axel Mäueler
Marten Dr. Brunk
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Turbon-Tunzini Klimatechnik GmbH
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Turbon-Tunzini Klimatechnik GmbH
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Application filed by Turbon-Tunzini Klimatechnik GmbH filed Critical Turbon-Tunzini Klimatechnik GmbH
Priority to AT87112794T priority Critical patent/ATE47126T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/14—Removing waste, e.g. labels, from cleaning liquid; Regenerating cleaning liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/20—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by using apparatus into or on to which containers, e.g. bottles, jars, cans are brought

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for disposing of lye from cleaning machines, in particular bottle cleaning machines, by the lye being emptied discontinuously into associated sedimentation tanks, with sedimentation of the floating parts being caused after several hours, so that approximately 90% of the sediment is deposited from the lye, whereupon the largely cleaned lye is pumped out of the upper part of the sedimentation tanks and fed back to the cleaning machines, while the remaining highly alkaline sludge is disposed of.
  • DE 27 23 004 A1 discloses a method for increasing the lye service life in cleaning machines in which the objects to be cleaned are passed through at least one cleaning bath containing lye and kept at an elevated temperature, the lye from the first cleaning bath holding the objects to be cleaned Dirt is removed in a continuous circulation via separators, so that the amount of lye flow conducted via a circuit containing the separator corresponds to an hourly conversion of approximately the total amount of lye in the first cleaning bath up to a multiple of this total amount and the concentration of the cleaned part of the lye before Reintroducing into the first cleaning bath to control the addition of detergent to this bath is continuously measured and the replenishment of the amount of liquid by introducing liquid into the first cleaning bath under control by measuring the suds level in this bath leads.
  • the known method has the disadvantage that the use of a separator in the cleaning system does not ensure that the alkali loss is kept as low as possible.
  • DE 27 25 562 A1 also states that the amount of alkali flow in the circuit containing the separator is reduced to a value which corresponds to an hourly conversion of only a fraction, preferably one third, of the total amount of alkali in the first cleaning bath.
  • This known method also has the disadvantage that the loss of alkali is not particularly important.
  • DE 29 20 737 A1 discloses a method for cleaning and recovering working liquids drained from bottle washing machines, in which an oxidizing agent is added to the wash liquor in the pre-soak and then the oxidized pollutant particles are separated out by filtration so that those still remaining in the liquor Pollutants are selectively flocculated by a flocculant added to the wash liquor and then filtered out, whereupon the so washed wash liquor is returned to the bottle washing machine.
  • the known method specifies measures for cleaning the wash liquor, but the process has the disadvantage that the disposal of the resulting contaminants in the wash liquor is not taken into account.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for disposing of alkali from cleaning machines, in which the alkali loss during the discharge of the resulting contaminants is kept as low as possible.
  • the object is achieved in a generic method by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the use of a thickening system ensures that the entire dirt and sediment portion is concentrated, which can then be disposed of as puncture-proof sediment. Due to the strong concentration of the dirt and sediment in the thickener, the alkali loss is kept low, because the thick sludge that is collected hardly contains any detergent solution.
  • the neutralization system provided according to claim 2 also grants that the puncture-resistant sediment finally obtained is disposed of to the extent that it can be stored as normal waste in any landfill.
  • the wash liquors from four bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 of the cleaning system 10 operated simultaneously with lye baths of different sizes are discharged into sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 of the sedimentation plant 20 arranged at the end of the shift.
  • the sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 have a cylindrical-conical design and are provided with an approximately 100 mm thick thermal insulation under VA sheet.
  • alkali exchanger principle Since one of the systems mainly cleans reusable aluminum-foil bottles, the so-called alkali exchanger principle is used in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the aluminum-loaded alkali is only run in the system for one day and used in a normal / Euro bottle system the next day.
  • the lye filling of the individual bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 is emptied via shut-off valves, not shown, which are provided with feedback for the open and closed position of the valves.
  • the sedimentation tank 21, 22, 23, 24 is selected by the operating personnel via an on-site control box on the respective bottle cleaning machine 11, 12, 13, 14, which is also not shown, and which is to be assigned to the corresponding bottle cleaning machine, the associated electro-pneumatic valve being opened that is also not shown.
  • bottle washers can now only carry lightly soiled lye with small particles, while other bottle washers carry considerable dirt loads up to large pieces of broken glass, bottle caps and labels.
  • belt sieve dirt discharge systems 15, 16, 17, 18, for example chain conveyor systems are set up directly next to the bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14, to which the amounts of alkali flow by gravity in order to remove coarse contaminants carried along from the sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 to keep away.
  • the respective belt sieve dirt discharge system is switched on by the respective on-site control boxes in order to discharge the existing coarse dirt.
  • the corresponding sedimentation tank must be selected beforehand using the corresponding on-site control box so that the valves are open.
  • the bottle washers are emptied one after the other since only one drain rail 19 is available.
  • the total drainage time is about 120 minutes, depending on the volume of the lye in the bottle washers, which can vary depending on the machine.
  • a flashing light can illuminate in the on-site control box via an empty signal probe (not shown).
  • the shut-off valve is then to be closed by the operating personnel, the limit switches attached to the valve switching off the flashing light (not shown).
  • the other bottle washers can now be emptied one after the other in the same way.
  • the lye is fed to the bottle cleaning machine selected first, the pump delivering until the preselected lye holding volume of the corresponding bottle cleaning machine is reached.
  • a probe is advantageously attached to each bottle washer, which the Lye level indicator and gives a signal when the preselected lye level is reached, so that the filling valve (not shown) is switched off and at the same time the next bottle washer is released for filling by opening the corresponding filling valve.
  • the filling is carried out as described above via a filler rail 25 and ends when the respective target eye level is reached.
  • a filler rail 25 ends when the respective target eye level is reached.
  • the return pump is switched off when a minimum fill level in the corresponding sedimentation tank is reached and the corresponding fill valve on the bottle washer is closed in order to prevent the return pump from running dry.
  • the remaining sediments are withdrawn tank-wise via a discharge rail 26 during the working shift in which the cleaning liquors are located in the bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 and are fed to a thickening system 30 with a thickening tower 31 by means of a pump, for example a diaphragm pump, which is also not shown.
  • the thickening tower 31 is also essentially a cylindrical-conical tank container. The incoming sediment is led to the bottom area of the container via internal internals and then led upwards again via an inner pipe. The overflow is located on the side in the upper area of the tank.
  • a further sedimentation in the cone area of the thickening tower 31 is achieved via the displacement flow caused.
  • the overflowing liquor is fed to a cleaning liquor tank 32. From there, the cleaned lye is pumped back into the sedimentation tank with the largest usable volume.
  • the essentially cleaned lye collected here is used for the next return of the lye to the bottle cleaning machines to supplement the sediment losses.
  • the highly alkaline sludge that collects in the cone area of the thickening tower 31 is drawn off once a week, so that the entire alkali cycle only has to be supplemented by this volume.
  • the sludge collecting in the thickening tower 31 is conveyed once a week into a neutralization container 33 with the aid of a thick matter pump (not shown).
  • the neutralization container is provided with a cold water connection 34 and an agitator in order to thin out the thick mass and lower the temperature accordingly.
  • the process step serves to relieve the downstream neutralization pump, which is also not shown.
  • the thinned sludge is neutralized in the transfer pumping process via downstream pipe loops of a pipe reactor 35 with controlled addition of CO2 gas via a pipe 36.
  • the initial pH of approximately 13.7 is reduced to a pH of 9 by the addition of CO2 .
  • the pH value is reduced by automatic control via a conductivity measuring station, not shown.
  • the sludge is prepared for subsequent disposal.
  • the processed thin sludge in the neutralization container 33 is disposed of via a three-way valve to sieve containers 37.
  • a coagulator 38 for the addition of flocculant is installed in the pipeline required for this.
  • the flocculant a polymeric electrolyte
  • the flocculant is previously prepared in a flocculant dissolving station 39 with the proportional addition of water and mixed uniformly by means of an agitator.
  • the flocculant is processed at the same time as the neutralization phase, so that disposal in the sieve containers 37, 40 can take place immediately after the neutralization of the thinned sludge has ended.
  • the flocculant is metered by means of a metering pump (not shown) proportional to the amount of neutralized sludge to be disposed of.
  • the sludge mixed with the flocculant is then fed directly to the sieve container 37.
  • the sieve container is a standardized waste container with a water-permeable lining on the inside. A separation into solid and liquid takes place in the container Phase initially by gravity. The solid phase is retained in the sieve container, while the liquid phase, namely neutralized, relatively clean waste water, passes through the lining and is fed to the sewage system via a drain.
  • the sludge remaining in the container becomes puncture-proof within 24 hours and can be disposed of in a normal landfill.
  • a further tank of the same design is installed as a manipulation and neutralization tank 27.
  • the main functions of this tank are as follows; it serves as a replacement tank if a sedimentation tank fails; it also serves as a disposal tank for the rapid disposal of a complete caustic bath in a bottle washer in the event of overdosing or excessive soiling; it also serves for the possible absorption of pure liquor from the clean liquor container 32, which is connected downstream of the thickening tower 31.
  • the lye In order to avoid faulty switching when emptying the bottle washer, the lye is first drained into a pre-selected sedimentation tank.
  • the manipulation tank can then be filled with a recirculation rail 28 using the lye return pump. This pumping-over process is a manual process and, for safety reasons, cannot be carried out via the automatic system.
  • neutralization is initially provided. It is carried out as described above in the pumping process via a tubular reactor 29 with the controlled addition of CO2 gas. By adding cold water, the temperature is reduced according to the intended limits, so that wastewater disposal can then be carried out without any problems.
  • the sediment remaining in the container is then disposed of via the thickening tower.
  • the entire disposal may be carried out gradually using the upstream sedimentation tanks.
  • a freely programmable system can be used for regulating and controlling the cleaning system 10.
  • the individual regulation and control circuits can be divided into three operating levels, namely on-site control boxes for the bottle washers; Main switch boxes for the sedimentation tank system; Switch boxes for the thickening system.

Abstract

1. Process for disposal of caustic solution from cleaning machines, in particular bottle cleaning machines (11, 12, 13, 14), by draining the caustic solution intermittently into associated setting tanks (21, 22, 23, 24), settling of the suspended solids taking place after several hours so that about 90% of the sediment is precipitated from the caustic solution after which the caustic solution cleaned to a very large extent is returned to the cleaning machines, while the highly alkaline sludge left as a residue is further treated, characterized in that the sludge and part of the caustic solution remaining in the settling tank (21, 22, 23, 24) are drawn off and passed to a sludge thickening system (30) in which the sludge is further concentrated, that the clarified clean caustic solution accumulating in the upper part of the thickening tower (31) is continuously drawn off and after intermediate storage in a clean caustic solution tank (32) led to a settling tank (21, 22, 23, 24) or a manipulation tank (27), that the sludge accumulating in the sludge thickening tower (31) is passed through a downstream flocculant station (39) in which a flocculant is added to the sludge, and that the sludge is subsequently dewatered in a screening container (37, 40).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Entsorgen von Lauge aus Reinigungsmaschinen, insbesondere Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen, indem die Lauge diskontinuierlich in zugehörige Sedimentationstanks entleert wird, wobei nach mehreren Stunden eine Sedimentation der Schwebeteile hervorgerufen wird, so daß etwa 90 % des Sediments aus der Lauge abgesetzt wird, woraufhin die so größtenteils gereinigte Lauge aus dem oberen Teil der Sedimentationstanks abgepumpt und den Reinigungsmaschinen erneut zugeführt wird, während der zurückgebliebene hochalkalische Schlamm weiter entsorgt wird.The invention relates to a method for disposing of lye from cleaning machines, in particular bottle cleaning machines, by the lye being emptied discontinuously into associated sedimentation tanks, with sedimentation of the floating parts being caused after several hours, so that approximately 90% of the sediment is deposited from the lye, whereupon the largely cleaned lye is pumped out of the upper part of the sedimentation tanks and fed back to the cleaning machines, while the remaining highly alkaline sludge is disposed of.

Aus der DE 27 23 004 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Erhöhen der Laugenstandzeit in Reinigungsmaschinen bekannt, in denen die zu reinigenden Gegenstände durch mindestens ein Lauge enthaltendes, auf erhöhter Temperatur gehaltenes Reinigungsbad geführt werden, wobei die Lauge aus dem die zu reinigenden Gegenstände aufnehmenden ersten Reinigungsbad in kontinuierlichem Umlauf über Separatoren von Schmutzteilen befreit wird, so daß die über einen den Separator enthaltenden Kreislauf geführte Laugenströmungsmenge einem stündlichen Umsatz von etwa der Gesamtmenge an Lauge im ersten Reinigungsbad bis zu einem Mehrfachen dieser Gesamtmenge entspricht und die Konzentration des gereinigten Teiles der Lauge vor dem Wiedereinleiten in das erste Reinigungsbad zur Steuerung von Reinigungsmittelzugabe in dieses Bad kontinuierlich gemessen und das Nachfüllen von Flüssigkeitsmenge durch Einführen von Flüssigkeit in das erste Reinigungsbad unter Steuerung mittels Messung der Laugenstandshöhe in diesem Bad ausgeführt wird. Das bekannte Verfahren weist den Nachteil auf, daß durch die Verwendung eines Separators in der Reinigungsanlage nicht gewährleistet ist, daß der Laugenverlust möglichst gering gehalten ist.DE 27 23 004 A1 discloses a method for increasing the lye service life in cleaning machines in which the objects to be cleaned are passed through at least one cleaning bath containing lye and kept at an elevated temperature, the lye from the first cleaning bath holding the objects to be cleaned Dirt is removed in a continuous circulation via separators, so that the amount of lye flow conducted via a circuit containing the separator corresponds to an hourly conversion of approximately the total amount of lye in the first cleaning bath up to a multiple of this total amount and the concentration of the cleaned part of the lye before Reintroducing into the first cleaning bath to control the addition of detergent to this bath is continuously measured and the replenishment of the amount of liquid by introducing liquid into the first cleaning bath under control by measuring the suds level in this bath leads. The known method has the disadvantage that the use of a separator in the cleaning system does not ensure that the alkali loss is kept as low as possible.

Weiterhin wird in der DE 27 25 562 A1 darüber hinaus zusätzlich angegeben, daß die Laugenströmungsmenge in dem den Separator enthaltenden Kreislauf auf einen Wert reduziert wird, der einem stündlichen Umsatz von nur einem Bruchteil, vorzugsweise einem Drittel der Gesamtmenge von Lauge im ersten Reinigungsbad entspricht. Auch bei diesem bekannten Verfahren wirkt sich nachteilig aus, daß dem Laugenverlust keine besondere Bedeutung beigemessen wird.Furthermore, DE 27 25 562 A1 also states that the amount of alkali flow in the circuit containing the separator is reduced to a value which corresponds to an hourly conversion of only a fraction, preferably one third, of the total amount of alkali in the first cleaning bath. This known method also has the disadvantage that the loss of alkali is not particularly important.

Außerdem ist aus der DE 29 20 737 A1 ein Verfahren zum Reinigen und Wiedergewinnen von aus Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen abgelassenen Arbeitsflüssigkeiten bekannt, bei dem der Waschlauge in der Vorweiche ein Oxydationsmittel zugegeben wird und anschließend die oxydierten Schadstoffpartikel durch Filtration ausgeschieden werden, daß die noch in der Lauge verbliebenen Schadstoffe selektiv durch ein der Waschlauge zugegebenes Flockungsmittel ausgeflockt und anschließend ausgefiltert werden, worauf die so gereinigte Waschlauge in die Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zurückgeführt wird. Das bekannte Verfahren gibt zwar Maßnahmen zur Reinigung der Waschlauge an, aber das Verfahren weist den Nachteil auf, daß die Entsorgung der anfallenden Schmutzstoffe in der Waschlauge nicht berücksichtigt ist.In addition, DE 29 20 737 A1 discloses a method for cleaning and recovering working liquids drained from bottle washing machines, in which an oxidizing agent is added to the wash liquor in the pre-soak and then the oxidized pollutant particles are separated out by filtration so that those still remaining in the liquor Pollutants are selectively flocculated by a flocculant added to the wash liquor and then filtered out, whereupon the so washed wash liquor is returned to the bottle washing machine. The known method specifies measures for cleaning the wash liquor, but the process has the disadvantage that the disposal of the resulting contaminants in the wash liquor is not taken into account.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Entsorgen von Lauge aus Reinigungsmaschinen anzugeben, bei dem der Laugenverlust beim Austrag der anfallenden Schmutzstoffe möglichst gering gehalten wird.The invention is based on the object of specifying a method for disposing of alkali from cleaning machines, in which the alkali loss during the discharge of the resulting contaminants is kept as low as possible.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Durch die Verwendung einer Eindickanlage wird erreicht, daß der gesamte anfallende Schmutz- und Sedimentanteil konzentriert wird, der anschließend als stichfestes Sediment entsorgt werden kann. Durch die starke Konzentration der anfallenden Schmutz- und Sedimentanteile in der Eindickanlage wird weiterhin erreicht, daß der Laugenverlust gering gehalten wird, weil in dem sich ansammelnden Dickschlamm kaum noch Waschlauge enthalten ist.The object is achieved in a generic method by the characterizing features of claim 1. The use of a thickening system ensures that the entire dirt and sediment portion is concentrated, which can then be disposed of as puncture-proof sediment. Due to the strong concentration of the dirt and sediment in the thickener, the alkali loss is kept low, because the thick sludge that is collected hardly contains any detergent solution.

Die gemäß Anspruch 2 vorgesehene Neutralisationsanlage gewährt darüber hinaus, daß das schließlich erhaltene sti chfeste Sediment soweit entsorgt ist, daß es als Normalmüll auf jeder Mülldeponie gelagert werden kann.The neutralization system provided according to claim 2 also grants that the puncture-resistant sediment finally obtained is disposed of to the extent that it can be stored as normal waste in any landfill.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der einzigen Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the single drawing and is explained in more detail below.

Die Waschlaugen von vier gleichzeitig betriebenen Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen 11, 12, 13, 14 der Reinigungsanlage 10 mit unterschiedlich großen Laugenbädern werden nach Schichtende in hierfür angeordnete Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 der Sedimentationsanlage 20 abgelassen.The wash liquors from four bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 of the cleaning system 10 operated simultaneously with lye baths of different sizes are discharged into sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 of the sedimentation plant 20 arranged at the end of the shift.

Die Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 haben eine zylindrisch-konische Bauform und werden mit einer etwa 100 mm starken Wärmeschutzisolierung unter VA-Blech versehen.The sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 have a cylindrical-conical design and are provided with an approximately 100 mm thick thermal insulation under VA sheet.

Da eine der Anlagen überwiegend aluminiumfolierte Mehrwegflaschen reinigt, wird im Ausführungsbeispiel das sogenannte Laugen-Vertauscherprinzip angewendet.Since one of the systems mainly cleans reusable aluminum-foil bottles, the so-called alkali exchanger principle is used in the exemplary embodiment.

Bei solchen Anlagen wird die aluminiumbelastete Lauge nur einen Tag in der Anlage gefahren und am nächsten Tag in einer Normal/Euroflaschenanlage verwendet.In such systems, the aluminum-loaded alkali is only run in the system for one day and used in a normal / Euro bottle system the next day.

Die Entleerung der Laugenfüllung der einzelnen Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen 11, 12, 13, 14 erfolgt über nichtdargestellte Absperrventile, die mit Rückmeldungen für Auf- und Zu-Stellung der Ventile versehen sind. Über einen ebenfalls nichtdargestellten Vor-Ort-Schaltkasten an der jeweiligen Flaschenreinigungsmaschine 11, 12, 13, 14 wird vom Bedienungspersonal der Sedimentationstank 21, 22, 23, 24 angewählt, der der entsprechenden Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zugeordnet werden soll, wobei das zugeordnete elektro-pneumatische Ventil geöffnet wird, das auch nicht dargestellt ist.The lye filling of the individual bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 is emptied via shut-off valves, not shown, which are provided with feedback for the open and closed position of the valves. The sedimentation tank 21, 22, 23, 24 is selected by the operating personnel via an on-site control box on the respective bottle cleaning machine 11, 12, 13, 14, which is also not shown, and which is to be assigned to the corresponding bottle cleaning machine, the associated electro-pneumatic valve being opened that is also not shown.

Einige der Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen können nun lediglich leicht verschmutzte Lauge mit Kleinpartikeln führen, während andere Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen erhebliche Schmutzbelastungen bis hin zu Großscherben, Kronkorken und Etiketten mit sich führen.Some of the bottle washers can now only carry lightly soiled lye with small particles, while other bottle washers carry considerable dirt loads up to large pieces of broken glass, bottle caps and labels.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind Bandsieb-Schmutzaustragungsanlagen 15, 16, 17, 18, beispielsweise Kettenförderanlagen, direkt neben den Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen 11, 12, 13, 14 aufgebaut, denen die Laugenmengen durch Schwerkraft zufließen, um mitgeführte Grobverschmutzungen von den Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 fernzuhalten. Mit Öffnen von nichtgezeigten Schnellablaßventilen wird von den jeweiligen Vor-Ort-Schaltkästen die jeweilige Bandsieb-Schmutzaustragungsanlage eingeschaltet, um die vorhandenen Grobverschmutzungen auszutragen. Hierbei ist vorher der entsprechende Sedimentationstank über den entsprechenden Vor-Ort-Schaltkasten anzuwählen, damit die Ventile geöffnet sind.In the exemplary embodiment shown, belt sieve dirt discharge systems 15, 16, 17, 18, for example chain conveyor systems, are set up directly next to the bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14, to which the amounts of alkali flow by gravity in order to remove coarse contaminants carried along from the sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 to keep away. By opening quick release valves, not shown the respective belt sieve dirt discharge system is switched on by the respective on-site control boxes in order to discharge the existing coarse dirt. The corresponding sedimentation tank must be selected beforehand using the corresponding on-site control box so that the valves are open.

Die Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen werden nacheinander entleert, da nur eine Ablaßschiene 19 zur Verfügung steht. Dabei beträgt die Gesamtablaßzeit etwa 120 min., und zwar abhängig vom Laugenvolumen der Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen, das maschinenbezogen unterschiedlich sein kann.The bottle washers are emptied one after the other since only one drain rail 19 is available. The total drainage time is about 120 minutes, depending on the volume of the lye in the bottle washers, which can vary depending on the machine.

Wenn die erste Flaschenreinigungsmaschine vom Laugeninhalt entleert ist, kann über eine nichtdargestellte Leermeldesonde im Vor-Ort-Schaltkasten eine Blinkleuchte aufleuchten. Danach ist vom Bedienungspersonal das Absperrventil zu schließen, wobei die am Ventil angebrachten Endlagenschalter die Blinkleuchte abschalten (nicht gezeigt). Die weiteren Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen können jetzt nacheinander in gleicher Weise entleert werden.When the first bottle washer is empty of the suds, a flashing light can illuminate in the on-site control box via an empty signal probe (not shown). The shut-off valve is then to be closed by the operating personnel, the limit switches attached to the valve switching off the flashing light (not shown). The other bottle washers can now be emptied one after the other in the same way.

Nach Entleerung der Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen 11, 12, 13, 14 in die vorgewählten Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 beginnt der Sedimentationsprozeß der Schmutzstoffe in den Konusbereich der Sedimentationstanks. In Abhängigkeit des Schichtbetriebes an einer solchen Reinigungsanlage 10 verbleibt die Reinigungslauge nun in den Sedimentationstanks, und zwar etwa 6 Stunden. Rechtzeitig vor Schichtbeginn wird die Rückführung und Vertauschung der Laugen wie folgt vorgenommen. Das Bedienungspersonal wählt an dem nicht dargestellten Vor-Ort-Schaltkasten einer jeden Flaschenreinigungsmaschine 11, 12, 13, 14 das Laugenfassungsvolumen vor und bestimmt, welche Flaschenreinigungsmaschine mi t welcher Lauge aus den Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 befüllt werden soll. Danach erfolgt die Freigabe einer Rückführpumpe, die nicht dargestellt ist. Die Lauge wird der jeweils zuerst angewählten Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zugeführt, wobei die Pumpe solange fördert, bis das vorgewählte Laugenfassungsvolumen der entsprechenden Flaschenreinigungsmaschine erreicht ist. Dazu wird vorteilhafterweise an jeder Flaschenreinigungsmaschine eine Sonde angebracht, die den Laugenfüllstandspegel anzeigt und bei Erreichen des vorgewählten Laugenpegels ein Signal abgibt, damit das nichtdargestellte Einfüllventil abgeschaltet und gleichzeitig die nächste Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zur Befüllung freigegeben wird, indem das entsprechende Einfüllventil geöffnet wird.After emptying the bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 into the preselected sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24, the sedimentation process of the contaminants begins in the cone area of the sedimentation tanks. Depending on the shift operation on such a cleaning system 10, the cleaning solution now remains in the sedimentation tanks, namely for about 6 hours. The lyes are returned and exchanged in good time before the shift starts as follows. At the on-site control box (not shown) of each bottle cleaning machine 11, 12, 13, 14, the operating personnel selects the volume of the detergent solution and determines which bottle cleaning machine is to be filled with which liquor from the sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24. This is followed by the release of a return pump, which is not shown. The lye is fed to the bottle cleaning machine selected first, the pump delivering until the preselected lye holding volume of the corresponding bottle cleaning machine is reached. For this purpose, a probe is advantageously attached to each bottle washer, which the Lye level indicator and gives a signal when the preselected lye level is reached, so that the filling valve (not shown) is switched off and at the same time the next bottle washer is released for filling by opening the corresponding filling valve.

Die Befüllung wird wie oben beschrieben über eine Einfüllschiene 25 durchgeführt und endet bei Erreichen des jeweiligen Sollaugenpegels. Vorteilhafterweise ist bei einer solchen Reinigungsanlage 10 vorgesehen, daß die Rückführpumpe bei Erreichen eines Mindestfüllstandes im entsprechenden Sedimentationstank abgeschaltet und das entsprechende Füllventil an der Flaschenreinigungsmaschine geschlossen wird, um ein Trockenlaufen der Rückführpumpe zu verhindern.The filling is carried out as described above via a filler rail 25 and ends when the respective target eye level is reached. In such a cleaning system 10, it is advantageously provided that the return pump is switched off when a minimum fill level in the corresponding sedimentation tank is reached and the corresponding fill valve on the bottle washer is closed in order to prevent the return pump from running dry.

Nach Beendigung des Rückfüllvorganges verbleiben in den Konen der jeweiligen Sedimentationstanks etwa 7 cbm Restlauge mit den sedimentierten Schmutzstoffen.After completion of the refilling process, about 7 cbm of residual liquor with the sedimented contaminants remain in the cones of the respective sedimentation tanks.

Die verbleibenden Sedimente werden während der Arbeitsschicht, in der sich die Reinigungslaugen in den Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen 11, 12, 13, 14 befinden, tankweise über eine Abzugsschiene 26 abgezogen und einer Eindickanlage 30 mit einem Eindickturm 31 mittels einer Pumpe, beispielsweise einer Membranpumpe, zugeführt, die ebenfalls nicht dargestellt ist. Der Eindickturm 31 ist im wesentlichen auch ein zylindrisch-konischer Tankbehälter. Das zulaufende Sediment wird über innere Einbauten bis zum Bodenbereich des Behälters geführt und über ein Innenrohr wieder nach oben geleitet. Der Überlauf befindet sich seitlich im oberen Bereich des Behälters.The remaining sediments are withdrawn tank-wise via a discharge rail 26 during the working shift in which the cleaning liquors are located in the bottle cleaning machines 11, 12, 13, 14 and are fed to a thickening system 30 with a thickening tower 31 by means of a pump, for example a diaphragm pump, which is also not shown. The thickening tower 31 is also essentially a cylindrical-conical tank container. The incoming sediment is led to the bottom area of the container via internal internals and then led upwards again via an inner pipe. The overflow is located on the side in the upper area of the tank.

Über die hervorgerufene Verdrängungsströmung wird eine weitere Sedimentation im Konusbereich des Eindickturms 31 erreicht. Die überlaufende Lauge wird einem Reinigungslaugentank 32 zugeführt. Von dort aus wird die so gereinigte Lauge in den Sedimentationstank mit dem größten Nutzvolumen zurückgepumpt. Die hier gesammelte, im wesentlichen gereinigte Lauge wird bei der nächsten Laugenrückführung in die Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen zur Ergänzung der Sedimentverluste verwendet.A further sedimentation in the cone area of the thickening tower 31 is achieved via the displacement flow caused. The overflowing liquor is fed to a cleaning liquor tank 32. From there, the cleaned lye is pumped back into the sedimentation tank with the largest usable volume. The essentially cleaned lye collected here is used for the next return of the lye to the bottle cleaning machines to supplement the sediment losses.

Einmal wöchentlich wird der sich im Konusbereich des Eindickturms 31 sammelnde hochalkalische Schlamm abgezogen, so daß der gesamte Laugenkreislauf nur durch dieses Volumen ergänzt werden muß.The highly alkaline sludge that collects in the cone area of the thickening tower 31 is drawn off once a week, so that the entire alkali cycle only has to be supplemented by this volume.

Der sich im Eindickturm 31 sammelnde Schlamm wird wöchentlich einmal mit Hilfe einer Dickstoffpumpe (nicht gezeigt) in einen Neutralisationsbehälter 33 gefördert. Der Neutralisationsbehälter ist mit einem Kaltwasseranschluß 34 und einem Rührwerk versehen, um die Dickmasse aufzudünnen und die Temperatur entsprechend abzusenken. Der Verfahrensschritt dient zur Entlastung der nachgeschalteten Neutralisationspumpe, die auch nicht dargestellt ist.The sludge collecting in the thickening tower 31 is conveyed once a week into a neutralization container 33 with the aid of a thick matter pump (not shown). The neutralization container is provided with a cold water connection 34 and an agitator in order to thin out the thick mass and lower the temperature accordingly. The process step serves to relieve the downstream neutralization pump, which is also not shown.

Die Neutralisation des aufgedünnten Schlamms erfolgt im Umpumpverfahren über nachgeschaltete Rohrschleifen eines Rohrreaktors 35 unter geregelter Zugabe von CO₂-Gas über eine Rohrleitung 36. Der anfängliche pH-Wert von etwa 13,7 wird durch die Zugabe von CO₂ auf einen pH-Wert von 9 reduziert. Die Reduktion des pH-Wertes erfolgt durch automatische Regelung über eine nichtgezeigte Leitfähigkeitsmeßstation. Nach erfolgter Neutralisation und Abkühlung ist der Schlamm für die anschließende Entsorgung aufbereitet. Der aufbereitete Dünnschlamm im Neutralisationsbehälter 33 wird über ein Dreiwegeventil zu Siebcontainern 37 entsorgt. In der hierfür erforderlichen Rohrleitung ist ein Koagulator 38 für die Zugabe von Flockungsmittel installiert.The thinned sludge is neutralized in the transfer pumping process via downstream pipe loops of a pipe reactor 35 with controlled addition of CO₂ gas via a pipe 36. The initial pH of approximately 13.7 is reduced to a pH of 9 by the addition of CO₂ . The pH value is reduced by automatic control via a conductivity measuring station, not shown. After neutralization and cooling, the sludge is prepared for subsequent disposal. The processed thin sludge in the neutralization container 33 is disposed of via a three-way valve to sieve containers 37. A coagulator 38 for the addition of flocculant is installed in the pipeline required for this.

Das Flockungsmittel, ein polymeres Elektrolyt, wir d zuvor in einer Flockungsmittelauflösestation 39 unter proportionaler Zugabe von Wasser angesetzt und mittels Rührwerk gleichmäßig vermischt. Die Aufbereitung des Flockungsmittels läuft zeitgleich mit der Neutralisationsphase ab, so daß eine Entsorgung in die Siebcontainer 37, 40 unmittelbar nach Beendigung der Neutralisation des aufgedünnten Schlamms erfolgen kann. Die Dosierung des Flockungsmittels erfolgt mittels nichtdargestellter Dosierpumpe proportional zur Menge des zu entsorgenden neutralisierten Schlamms.The flocculant, a polymeric electrolyte, is previously prepared in a flocculant dissolving station 39 with the proportional addition of water and mixed uniformly by means of an agitator. The flocculant is processed at the same time as the neutralization phase, so that disposal in the sieve containers 37, 40 can take place immediately after the neutralization of the thinned sludge has ended. The flocculant is metered by means of a metering pump (not shown) proportional to the amount of neutralized sludge to be disposed of.

Der mit dem Flockungsmittel versetzte Schlamm wird anschließend direkt dem Siebcontainer 37 zugeführt. Der Siebcontainer ist ein genormter Abfallcontainer, der innen mit einer wasserdurchlässigen Auskleidung versehen ist. Im Container erfolgt eine Trennung in feste und flüssige Phase zunächst durch Schwerkraft. Die feste Phase wird im Siebcontainer zurückgehalten, während die flüssige Phase, nämlich neutralisiertes, relativ sauberes Abwasser, durch die Auskleidung hindurchtritt und über einen Ablauf der Kanalisation zugeführt wird.The sludge mixed with the flocculant is then fed directly to the sieve container 37. The sieve container is a standardized waste container with a water-permeable lining on the inside. A separation into solid and liquid takes place in the container Phase initially by gravity. The solid phase is retained in the sieve container, while the liquid phase, namely neutralized, relatively clean waste water, passes through the lining and is fed to the sewage system via a drain.

Der im Container verbleibende Schlamm wird innerhalb von 24 Stunden stichfest und kann auf einer Normalmülldeponie entsorgt werden.The sludge remaining in the container becomes puncture-proof within 24 hours and can be disposed of in a normal landfill.

Eine Flockung des Schlammes im hochalkalischen Bereich, also ohne vorgeschaltete Neutralisation, ist technisch zwar ebenfalls realisierbar, jedoch muß der dann gewonnene Schlamm auf einer Sondermülldeponie entsorgt werden.Flocculation of the sludge in the highly alkaline range, that is to say without upstream neutralization, is also technically feasible, but the sludge then obtained must be disposed of in a special waste landfill.

Neben den vier oben erwähnten Sedimentationstanks 21, 22, 23, 24 der Sedimentationsanlage 20 ist ein weiterer Tank gleicher Bauform als Manipulations- und Neutralisationstank 27 installiert. Dieser Tank hat im wesentlichen folgende Funktionen; er dient als Ersatztank bei Ausfall eines Sedimentationstanks; weiter dient er als Entsorgungstank zur schnellen Entsorgung eines kompletten Laugenbades einer Flaschenreinigungsmaschine bei Überdosierung oder übermäßiger Verschmutzung; weiterhin dient er zur möglichen Aufnahme von Reinlauge aus dem Reinlaugenbehälter 32, der dem Eindickturm 31 nachgeschaltet ist.In addition to the four sedimentation tanks 21, 22, 23, 24 of the sedimentation system 20 mentioned above, a further tank of the same design is installed as a manipulation and neutralization tank 27. The main functions of this tank are as follows; it serves as a replacement tank if a sedimentation tank fails; it also serves as a disposal tank for the rapid disposal of a complete caustic bath in a bottle washer in the event of overdosing or excessive soiling; it also serves for the possible absorption of pure liquor from the clean liquor container 32, which is connected downstream of the thickening tower 31.

Um Fehlschaltungen bei der Entleerung der Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zu vermeiden, wird die Lauge zunächst in einen entsprechend vorgewählten Sedimentationstank abgelassen. Mit der Laugenrückführpumpe kann dann der Manipulationstank über eine Umpumpschiene 28 befüllt werden. Dieser Umpumpvorgang ist ein manueller Vorgang und kann aus Sicherheitsgründen nicht über die Automatik gefahren werden.In order to avoid faulty switching when emptying the bottle washer, the lye is first drained into a pre-selected sedimentation tank. The manipulation tank can then be filled with a recirculation rail 28 using the lye return pump. This pumping-over process is a manual process and, for safety reasons, cannot be carried out via the automatic system.

Wenn die im Manipulationstank 27 befindliche Lauge verworfen werden soll, so ist zunächst eine Neutralisation vorgesehen. Sie erfolgt wie oben beschrieben im Umpumpverfahren über einen Rohrreaktor 29 unter geregelter Zugabe von CO₂-Gas. Durch Zugabe von Kaltwasser wird die Temperatur entsprechend der vorgesehenen Grenzen reduziert, so daß dann eine Abwasserentsorgung ohne weiteres vorgenommen werden kann.If the alkali in the manipulation tank 27 is to be discarded, neutralization is initially provided. It is carried out as described above in the pumping process via a tubular reactor 29 with the controlled addition of CO₂ gas. By adding cold water, the temperature is reduced according to the intended limits, so that wastewater disposal can then be carried out without any problems.

Das im Behälter verbleibende Sediment wird anschließend über den Eindickturm entsorgt.The sediment remaining in the container is then disposed of via the thickening tower.

Da der Manipulationstank nur ein begrenztes Volumen hat, wird die Gesamtentsorgung gegebenenfalls schrittweise mit Hilfe der vorgeschalteten Sedimentationstanks vorgenommen.Since the manipulation tank has only a limited volume, the entire disposal may be carried out gradually using the upstream sedimentation tanks.

Für die Regelung und Steuerung der Reinigungsanlage 10 ist ein freiprogrammierbares System einsetzbar. Dabei können die einzelnen Regelungs- und Steuerungskreise auf drei Bedienebenen aufgeteilt werden, und zwar Vor-Ort-Schaltkästen für die Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen; Hauptschaltkästen für die Sedimentationstankanlage; Schaltkästen für die Eindickanlage.A freely programmable system can be used for regulating and controlling the cleaning system 10. The individual regulation and control circuits can be divided into three operating levels, namely on-site control boxes for the bottle washers; Main switch boxes for the sedimentation tank system; Switch boxes for the thickening system.

Ein vollautomatischer Betrieb mit Einrichtung einer zentralen Bedien- und Überwachungseinheit ist technisch ebenfalls leicht zu realisieren. Fully automatic operation with the establishment of a central operating and monitoring unit is also technically easy to implement.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zum Entsorgen von Lauge aus Reinigungsmaschinen, insbesondere Flaschenreinigungsmaschinen (11, 12, 13, 14), indem die Lauge diskontinuierlich in zugehörige Sedimentationstanks (21, 22, 23, 24) entleert wird, wobei nach mehreren Stunden eine Sedimentation der Schwebeteile hervorgerufen wird, so daß etwa 90 % des Sediments aus der Lauge abgesetzt wird, woraufhin die so größtenteils gereinigte Lauge aus dem oberen Teil der Sedimentationstanks abgepumpt und den Reinigungsmaschinen erneut zugeführt wird, während der zurückgebliebene hochalkalische Schlamm weiter entsorgt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schlamm und ein Teil der in den Sedimentationstanks (21, 22, 23, 24) verbliebenen Lauge abgezogen und einer Eindickungsanlage (30) zugeführt wird, in der der Schlamm weiter eingedickt wird, daß die sich im oberen Teil des Eindickturms (31) ansammelnde geklärte Reinlauge kontinuierlich abgezogen und nach Zwischenlagerung in einem Reinlaugenbehälter (32) einem Sedimentationstank (21, 22, 23, 24) oder einem Manipulationstank (27) zugeführt wird, daß der sich im Eindickturm (31) ansammelnde Schlamm an einer nachgeschalteten Flockungsmittelstation (39) vorbeigeführt wird, bei der dem Schlamm ein Flockungsmittel zugegeben wird, und daß der Schlamm anschließend in einem Siebcontainer (37, 40) entwässert wird.1. A process for the disposal of lye from cleaning machines, in particular bottle cleaning machines (11, 12, 13, 14), by the lye being emptied discontinuously into associated sedimentation tanks (21, 22, 23, 24), sedimentation of the floating parts being caused after several hours is so that about 90% of the sediment is removed from the lye, whereupon the largely cleaned lye is pumped out of the upper part of the sedimentation tanks and fed to the cleaning machines again, while the remaining highly alkaline sludge is further disposed of, characterized in that the sludge and a portion of the lye remaining in the sedimentation tanks (21, 22, 23, 24) is drawn off and fed to a thickening system (30) in which the sludge is further thickened, so that the clarified pure lye accumulating in the upper part of the thickening tower (31) continuously withdrawn and after interim storage in a Reinl Eye container (32) is fed to a sedimentation tank (21, 22, 23, 24) or a manipulation tank (27) that the sludge accumulating in the sealing tower (31) is guided past a flocculant station (39) in which the sludge has a flocculant is added, and that the sludge is then dewatered in a sieve container (37, 40). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der sich im Eindickturm (31) ansammelnde Schlamm zuerst einem Neutralisationsbehälter (33) zugeführt wird, indem der Schlamm mit Wasser aufgedünnt und nach Zugabe von CO₂-Gas in einem Rohrreaktor (35) neutralisiert wird, und daß dann der Schlamm an einer nachgeschalteten Flockungsmittelstation (39) vorbeigeführt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sludge accumulating in the thickening tower (31) is first fed to a neutralization tank (33) by thinning the sludge with water and neutralizing it after adding CO₂ gas in a tubular reactor (35) , and that the sludge is then guided past a flocculant station (39). 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reinigungsmaschinen (11, 12, 13, 14) mit gereinigter Lauge nach dem Vertauscherprinzip befüllt werden.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning machines (11, 12, 13, 14) are filled with cleaned lye according to the exchanger principle. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schlamm in dem Siebcontainer (37, 40) nach einer bestimmten Entwässerungszeit soweit entwässert wird, daß der entwässerte Schlamm stichfest ist.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sludge in the sieve container (37, 40) is dewatered so far after a certain dewatering time that the dewatered sludge is puncture-resistant.
EP87112794A 1986-10-03 1987-09-02 Method of disposing with lye leaving cleaning machines Expired EP0264596B1 (en)

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AT87112794T ATE47126T1 (en) 1986-10-03 1987-09-02 PROCEDURE FOR DISPOSING OF LYE FROM WASHING MACHINES.

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DE3633652 1986-10-03
DE19863633652 DE3633652A1 (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF LYE FROM CLEANING MACHINES

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EP1468753A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-20 Chemische Fabrik Dr. Weigert GmbH & Co. KG. Method for cleaning bottles in a bottle washing machine
EP2489438A3 (en) * 2011-02-17 2014-08-06 Krones AG Magnetic removal from bottle cleaning machines

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DE2738134B1 (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-02-08 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Process for cleaning dilute caustic soda
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EP1468753A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-20 Chemische Fabrik Dr. Weigert GmbH & Co. KG. Method for cleaning bottles in a bottle washing machine
EP2489438A3 (en) * 2011-02-17 2014-08-06 Krones AG Magnetic removal from bottle cleaning machines

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DE3760737D1 (en) 1989-11-16
ATE47126T1 (en) 1989-10-15
DE3633652C2 (en) 1988-12-08
DE3633652A1 (en) 1988-04-14
EP0264596B1 (en) 1989-10-11

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