EP0263800B1 - Zünder zum nicht-elektrischen Zünden einer Sprengladung - Google Patents

Zünder zum nicht-elektrischen Zünden einer Sprengladung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0263800B1
EP0263800B1 EP87850132A EP87850132A EP0263800B1 EP 0263800 B1 EP0263800 B1 EP 0263800B1 EP 87850132 A EP87850132 A EP 87850132A EP 87850132 A EP87850132 A EP 87850132A EP 0263800 B1 EP0263800 B1 EP 0263800B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detonator
detonating
detonation
fuze
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87850132A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0263800A3 (en
EP0263800A2 (de
Inventor
Staffan Carlsson
Torsten Persson
Bert Jonsson
Tore Boberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEPAB, BERGSLAGENS PRODUKTUTVECKLING AB
Original Assignee
BePAB Bergslagens Produktutveckling AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BePAB Bergslagens Produktutveckling AB filed Critical BePAB Bergslagens Produktutveckling AB
Priority to AT87850132T priority Critical patent/ATE85422T1/de
Publication of EP0263800A2 publication Critical patent/EP0263800A2/de
Publication of EP0263800A3 publication Critical patent/EP0263800A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0263800B1 publication Critical patent/EP0263800B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/26—Arrangements for mounting initiators; Accessories therefor, e.g. tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/16—Pyrotechnic delay initiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a detonator for a non-electric detonation system for blasting charges, primarily intended for interval delay blasting, but also usable in the initiation of individual charges.
  • the present invention also relates to a specially designed booster charge adapted to the detonator.
  • non-electric detonation systems are generally preferred, since otherwise extreme vigilance must be maintained vis-à-vis the risk of electric storms and the use of radio transmitters in the immediate vicinity.
  • This latter means of communication may constitute a particular problem, since today's contracting and mining industries are making increasing use of communication by radio for work supervision.
  • the use of electric drills and loading machines has also increased considerably, particularly in tunelling work.
  • PETN fuzes or other detonator fuzes may advantageously be used for a more or less instantaneous initiation of a plurality of blasting charges. It is also possible to initiate the different charges in a delay interval blasting operation by means of a detonating fuze, but in such cases special individually delayed detonators are required which transmit the detonation impulse from the detonating fuze to each respective major charge or booster.
  • a number of different but closely related time delay fuzes of this type and booster charges adapted thereto are disclosed in US-A-4 060 033 and 4 165 619, and also in laid-open EP-A3-0 164 941.
  • the booster charges are constructed in mutually pronounced manners, with an insulated tunnel along their one longitudinal edge in which a PETN fuze may pass. Furthermore, the charges are provided with a bore or a groove close to their second longitudinal edge in which the detonation cap of the fuze with its associated delay assembly may be placed. Furthermore, the fuzes described in each respective patent specification are designed with communication means angled from each respective detonation cap and extending across the charges and up to the tunnel for the PETN fuze where they are provided with a pyro assembly. Thus, the intention is that the pyro assembly be initiated when the PETN fuze detonates.
  • the fire from the pyro assembly is then led, through the intermediary of the communication means (which, according to US-A-4 060 033, is to consist of a low-strength detonating fuze, and, according to US-A-4 165 691, of an empty, angled plastic tube) further to the delay assembly of the blasting cap in order, after the pre-determined time delay, to initiate the blasting cap and, in its turn, each respective booster charge.
  • the communication means which, according to US-A-4 060 033, is to consist of a low-strength detonating fuze, and, according to US-A-4 165 691, of an empty, angled plastic tube
  • the detonators are designed as elongate, angled members which are sensitive to disruption and may be tricky to mount in place if the blasting operation is to be carried out during the winter and the charge layer is obliged to work with gloves.
  • the insulated tunnels for the PETN fuze are disposed along the one longitudinal edge of the booster charges, with the result that the PETN fuze cannot be used for lowering the charges down into narrow bores, which would otherwise have been the most practical solution. The reason for this is that with the lowering cable, i.e. in this case the PETN fuze, disposed along the one edge of the charge, the "jammed drawer" effect is almost unavoidable betwen the relatively heavy charges and the drill riflings on the side walls of a narrow bore hole.
  • the booster charge and detonator according to EP-A3-0 164 941 are more practicable construction, but neither can these be considered as fully satisfactory from all aspects.
  • the booster charge consists of an explosive charge encapsulated in a cylindrical casing and provided with a first centered axial through-passage and a second passage disposed parallel with at some distance from the first passage, the second passage being, however, not necessarily a through-passage.
  • EP-A3-0 164 941 a low-strength detonating fuze is led through the first passage and a blasting cap with built-in delay assembly is disposed in the second passage.
  • a device which in the body of the specification is designated a coupling charge.
  • This consists of an impact or shock-sensitive detonating explosive encapsulated in its own protective capsule.
  • a coupling block is employed to hold together the blasting cap, which at its one end turned to face the coupling charge.
  • the coupling block is further provided with a slit tubular anchorage member which is intended to be passed down into the above-mentioned first passage for fixedly retaining the interconnected unit consisting of the blasting cap and the coupling charge.
  • the anchorage device is provided with 3 central channel with room for accomodating the detonating fuze.
  • the apparatus disclosed EP-A3 0 164 941 offers a booster charge which is initiated by means of a centrally and axially placed detonating fuze through the intermediary of a specially designed and adapted detonator consisting of a separate coupling charge and a blasting cap united by means of a separate coupling block.
  • the disadvantages inherent in this prior art apparatus are that it contains a plurality of different details which must be interconnected and, as a result will be most circumstantial to handle.
  • the separate provision of a coupling charge which is initiated by the detonating fuze and in its turn initiates the blasting cap entails the introduction of an extra detonation signal transfer stage which in itself involves increased risk of malfunction.
  • booster charges of this type are normally employed for the initiation of such low energy explosives as are used in interval or deck blasting in open cast mining and quarrying and in contracting work in which every salvo contains immense amounts of explosives, for which reason any malfunction of the detonation system is wholly unacceptable.
  • the major advantage offered by the detonation system according to the EPO application is probably that the component parts and details are - as is also pointed out in the specification itself - extremely well suited for mass production in modern automatic machines. In all probability, the coupling charge also requires extremely careful handling.
  • the object of the present invention is to realize a detonator produced in a single unit comprising reliable standard components, and intended for booster charges of the main type described in the above-mentioned EPO patent application.
  • the detonator according to the present invention enjoys the advantage that it is supplied ready-for-use as a unit which need not be assembled in conjunction with the charge. As a result, the detonator may easily be handled, even wearing gloves.
  • the sole measure required on final disposition and arrangement of the charge is to insert the detonator into the space intended therefore in the booster charge and to insert a detonating fuze through a passage provided in the detonator body and further through the central channel or tunnel of the coincident booster charge.
  • the major characterising feature of the detonator according to the characterising portion of claim 1 is that the detonating fuze passing through a special passage through the body of the detonator will, on its detonation, directly initiate a percussion cap which is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the passage and is provided with a conventional receptive base, the direction of detonation and effect of the percussion cap being at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the detonating fuze.
  • this percussion cap initiates a detonation tablet or capsule which, either directly or through the intermediary of a conventional delay assembly, initiates the blasting cap which detonates the booster charge.
  • the body of the detonator may be manufactured of metal or plastic, but is suitably of metal.
  • Percussion caps provided with a receptive base have been used for many years and are extremely reliable in their function.
  • the ignition capsule is highly sensitive to initiation and is suitably mounted in the angle between the first and the second detonation passage immediately above the change of direction proper where the second ignition passage is angled down in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the booster charge. This entails that the effective direction of the detonation capsule will be aimed straight at the blasting cap. At the same time, this disposition entails that the initiation capsule lies close to the percussion cap, but well protected so as not to be fractured on initiation of the blasting cap.
  • the detonator according to the invention differs from the product described in the above discussed EPO-patent application in that the impact sensitive device starting up the detonator consists of a standard percussion cap which is initiated by the detonating cord and not by a very particular impact sensitive detonation charge which, according to safely regulations, only can be added in the last moment as described in said EPO-application. It has, according to our invention, now been possible to produce the detonator as one single unit.
  • the present invention calls for the provision of the booster charge with a defining lining about the central passage which protects the secondary explosives in the booster charge from the detonation of the detonation fuze.
  • This provision according to the present invention is intended to enable the employment of standard quality PETN fuzes, thereby obviating the requirement of selecting low-power fuzes of special qualities.
  • this lining consists of a thin-walled metal sheath and, preferably, a steel tube which, moreover, may be provided with extra insulation between itself and the explosive, this extra insulation consisting of an elastically or plastically deformable plastic layer.
  • This latter reinforced lining of the central passage may be motivated in, for example, underwater blasting, in which the presence of water in the central passage would markedly increase the pressure rises in the central passage when the detonation fuze is fired.
  • one or more ventilation apertures be disposed between the detonator body and the adjacent end of the central passage, such that the gases generated from the detonation of the fuze may be led off from the central passage without the risk that these dislodge the detonator body from its normal position.
  • Such ventilation is most simply provided in that the detonator body be allowed to rest against the edge about the central passage through the intermediary of two or more creases with interjacent openings disposed in the detonator body or the booster.
  • the detonator according to the present invention may be provided with two or more separate, identical detonating units joined together in a single detonator.
  • Fig. 1 shows a booster charge 1 consisting of an outer shell 2, a charge 3 of a secondary explosive, for example hexotol or compressed PTB/TMT.
  • a secondary explosive for example hexotol or compressed PTB/TMT.
  • At one end of the booster charge there is a depression or recess 4 for a detonator 5, a coring-out or bore 6 being included in the charge 3 for insertion of the blasting cap 6 of the detonator with its associated pyrotechnical delay assembly 8.
  • the blasting cap 7 and its delay assembly are encased, in a conventional manner, in a thin metal sheath.
  • the detonator 5 consists moreover of a body 9 of metal or plastic in which the blasting cap 7 is fixedly retained at a right angle to the plane of the body.
  • the body 9 is inserted into the recess 4 and there extends past the central passage 16 of the booster charge 1.
  • the detonator body 9 further includes a through-passage 13 for the detonator fuze.
  • the passage 13 and the central channel 16 coincide, such that a detonator fuze 14 may be passed therethrough. From the passage 13, there departs, at right angles to the major direction of the detonator body 9, a first detonator channel 11a.
  • this channel forms a right angle with a second detonator channel 11b whose other end terminates at the detonation end of the blasting cap 7.
  • a percussion cap 10 is pressed in place. This comprises an ignition charge 10a and a base 10b, encased in a metal sheath 10c.
  • the passage 13 is lined with a thin tubular rivet 15 which, hence, runs in immediate association with the end of the percussion cap 10 and, on detonation of the fuze 14, is buckled such that the percussion cap is initiated.
  • the body 9 proper and the tubular rivet 15 are dimensioned to be of such strength as not to be pulverised on detonation of the detonation fuze.
  • a detonation capsule 12 in the form of a pyrotechnic assembly is disposed so as to ensure that the flame from the percussion cap 10 is transmitted to the delay assembly 8 of the blasting cap 7, which in its turn initiates the blasting cap proper.
  • the capsule 12 is suitably mounted in the illustrated position in the wall of the first channel 11a immediately above the discharge orifice of the second channel 11b; where the capsule is protected from being shattered by the detonation flame from the percussion cap 10, but is sufficiently close to be ignited and positioned where its own ignition direction is aimed directly at the delay assembly 8. Furthermore, the capsule 12 is suitably in the form of a compressed cylindrical washer or truncated tube with a centre hole which coincides with the opening of the second channel.
  • the passage 13 constitutes a direct continuation of a channel 16 which passes centrally through the booster 1.
  • the channel 16 is lined with a thin steel tube 17 and may be provided with a lining 18 facing the charge 3 and consisting of, for instance, a deformable plastic material. This is provided to absorb elevated pressure on detonation of the fuze 14 in such cases as, for example, underwater blasting.
  • a pressure relief gap 19 has been provided between the end of the tube 17 and the detonator body 9.
  • This gap has been realised by means of two beads 20 and 21, disposed in the booster wall about the upper end of the channel 16. These beads could just as well have been incorporated in the detonator body.
  • Arming of the detonator 5 in the booster 1 is a simple operation, since its blasting cap 7 need merely be moved down into the coring-out or recess 6, the detonator body 9 be snapped in place in the recess 4 and the detonating fuze 14 be passed through the channel 16 and further through the passage 13 and also be provided with at least one retaining nut on the under face of the booster to prevent it from sliding out of position.
  • the complete charge is ready to be lowered down, with the fuze 14 as lowering line, into a bore hole where the charge may, for example, be used for initiating a low-energy explosive of the slurry type which otherwise fills out the remainder of the bore hole.
  • a detonator 23 whose detonator body 24 has been rendered double-sided, with room for two identical detonation systems. Since all other details are identical - with the exception that the booster 1a has been provided with a second coring-out 6a for the second blasting cap 7a, all of the remaining details have been given the same reference numerals as previously.
  • the detonation system permits delayed interval, or deck, blasting in that detonators with different delay assemblies are employed.
  • detonators may be interconnected, either in parallel with the detonating fuze as detonation signal transfer member, or alternatively in series with the charges placed one after the other. Irrespective of the mode selected, initiation of the different detonators will be substantially instantaneous.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Zünder (5) für Sprengladungen (1), der als Einheit hergestellt und durch eine Zündschnur (14) zündbar ist, die durch einen hierfür vorgesehenen und im Gehäuse (9) des Zünders (5) ausgebildeten Kanal (13) verläuft, mit einem stoßempfindlichen Detonatorsystem (10), das in dem Zündergehäuse (9) in unmittelbarer Zuordnung zu dem Kanal (13) eingeschlossen ist, und einer Sprengkapsel (7) in Verbindung mit dem Zündsystem (10), die parallel und im Abstand von dem Kanal (13) für die Zündschnur (14) in dem Zündergehäuse (9) verankert ist, gegebenenfalls unter Vorschaltung einer damit integralen, in bekannter Weise ausgebildeten Verzögerungsanordnung (8), wobei die Detonationsrichtung des Detonatorsystems (10) mit einem ersten Zündkanal (11a) übereinstimmt, der im rechten Winkel zur Längsrichtung der Zündschnur (14) angeordnet ist, wobei dieser Kanal über ein rechtwinkliges Winkelstück in einen zweiten Zündkanal (11b) mündet, der zur Sprengkapsel (7) führt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem stoßempfindlichen Detonatorsystem (10) eine (bekannte) Schlagzundkapsel vorgesehen ist, deren stoßempfindliche Sprengladung (10a) dem Kanal (13) für die Zündschnur (14) zugewendet ist und deren Detonationsrichtung einer Sprengkapsel (12) in Form einer pyrotechnischen Einheit zugewendet ist, die in dem Winkel zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Zündkanal angeordnet ist.
  2. Zünder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der für die Zündschnur (14) bestimmte Kanal (13) mit einem dünnen Metalleinsatz (15) ausgekleidet ist, z.B. in Form einer rohrförmigen Niete, die die Schlagzündkapsel (10) von der Zündschnur (14) trennt.
EP87850132A 1986-04-30 1987-04-23 Zünder zum nicht-elektrischen Zünden einer Sprengladung Expired - Lifetime EP0263800B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87850132T ATE85422T1 (de) 1986-04-30 1987-04-23 Zuender zum nicht-elektrischen zuenden einer sprengladung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8602010A SE456605B (sv) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Tendare for explosiva laddningar avsedd att initieras av en detonerande stubin
SE8602010 1986-04-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0263800A2 EP0263800A2 (de) 1988-04-13
EP0263800A3 EP0263800A3 (en) 1988-08-10
EP0263800B1 true EP0263800B1 (de) 1993-02-03

Family

ID=20364399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87850132A Expired - Lifetime EP0263800B1 (de) 1986-04-30 1987-04-23 Zünder zum nicht-elektrischen Zünden einer Sprengladung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0263800B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE85422T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3783998T2 (de)
SE (1) SE456605B (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2857845A (en) * 1954-09-29 1958-10-28 Olin Mathieson Explosive device
US3788227A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-01-29 Us Navy Jet ignition device for a pyrotechnic fuze
US4060033A (en) * 1976-03-09 1977-11-29 Atlas Powder Company Delay booster assembly
US4165691A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-08-28 Atlas Powder Company Delay detonator and its use with explosive packaged boosters and cartridges
US4350097A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-09-21 Atlas Powder Company Nonelectric delay detonator with tubular connecting arrangement
US4718345A (en) * 1984-06-01 1988-01-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Primer assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE456605B (sv) 1988-10-17
DE3783998D1 (de) 1993-03-18
SE8602010L (sv) 1987-10-31
ATE85422T1 (de) 1993-02-15
EP0263800A3 (en) 1988-08-10
SE8602010D0 (sv) 1986-04-30
DE3783998T2 (de) 1993-05-27
EP0263800A2 (de) 1988-04-13

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