Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds

Definitions

• This invention relates to improved bleaching or detergent bleach compositions which are particularly effective for washing and cleaning of fabrics at low to medium temperatures.
• Detergent bleach compositions for washing at higher temperatures are well known in the art. They contain as bleaching agent normally a percompound which liberates hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution, such as the peroxyhydrates, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perpyrophosphate, sodium persilicate, urea peroxide and the like. These bleaching agents are only effective at higher temperatures, e.g. from 80°C up to the boil.
• All these peroxyacid bleach precursors can, in general, be classified as organic compounds having the following general formula: wherein R is an alkyl, phenyl, aryl or alicyclic radical or a substituted alkyl, phenyl, aryl or alicyclic radical, n is 0-1, m is 1-4, and L is any suitable leaving group which exerts an electron-attracting effect.
• a leaving group is any group that is displaced from the peroxyacid bleach precursor as a consequence of the nucleophilic attack on the precursor by the perhydroxide anion (OOH ⁇ ). This, the perhydrolysis reaction, results in the formation of the peroxyacid.
• the leaving group L may also contain one, two or more reactive or non-reactive carboxylic acyl radicals.
• a low to medium temperature bleaching composition having improved bleaching and cleaning effect on multistained fabrics can be obtained if a bleach system is used comprising a percompound and a mixture of at least two peroxyacid bleach precursors wherein R1 is a lower alkyl group containing 1-4, preferably 1-2 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; R2 is a higher alkyl, aryl or alicyclic radical (substituted or unsubstituted) containing 6-20, preferably 8-16 carbon atoms; and L, n and m are as defined above.
• the peroxyacid precursor mixture usable in the present invention can be composed of any type of the above-mentioned compounds and may be used in the composition in a weight ratio to the percompound of from about 1:1 to 1:100, preferably from 1:1 to 1:50, whereby, for optimal performance and economical reasons, the percompounds should be at least in one mole equivalent to the reactive carboxylic acyl radical of the precursor.
• a ratio of at least 2 (two) moles of hydrogen peroxide per mole of peroxyacid bleach precursor mixture is preferred, and more preferably higher than 4 (four) moles of hydrogen peroxide per mole of peroxyacid precursor mixture.
• the hereinbefore described peroxyacid bleach precursors can be used as mixtures in weight ratios within the broad range of from 25:1 to 1:25, preferably from 15:1 to 1:15, more preferably from 5:1 to 1:5.
• Preferred examples of peroxyacid bleach precursors of category (a) usable in the mixture of the invention are: N,N,N ⁇ ,N ⁇ -tetraacetyl ethylene diamine (TAED); glucose pentaacetate (GPA); xylose tetraacetate (XTA); sodium or potassium acetoxy benzene sulphonate (SABS); sodium or potassium benzoyloxy benzene sulphonate (SBOBS); tetraacetyl glycoluril (TAGU); alpha-acetoxy(N,N ⁇ )-diacetyl malonamide; and sodium or potassium p-sulpho phenyl methyl (or ethyl) carbonate.
• TAED N,N,N ⁇ ,N ⁇ -tetraacetyl ethylene diamine
• GPA glucose pentaacetate
• XTA xylose tetraacetate
• SABS sodium or potassium acetoxy benzene sulphonate
• Preferred examples of peroxyacid bleach precursors of category (b) usable in the mixture of the invention are: sodium or potassium p-linear octanoyloxy benzene sulphonate; sodium or potassium p-linear nonanoyloxy benzene sulphonate; sodium or potassium p-linear decanoyloxy benzene sulphonate; and sodium or potassium 3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoyloxy benzene sulphonate.
• a peroxyacid bleach precursor having said mixture characteristics combined in one molecule wherein R1, R2, L and n are as defined above and m ⁇ is 1-3, can also be used.
• the invention therefore provides a bleaching or detergent bleach composition comprising a percompound and
• the percompound such as sod ium perborate, which may be in the tetrahydrate or monohydrate form, and the peroxyacid bleach precursor mixture can be present in the bleach composition in amounts of from 5-99% by weight and from 50 to 1% by weight, respectively.
• the bleaching composition of the invention may consist solely of a percompound and the peroxyacid bleach precursor mixture when used as a pure bleach product or as a bleach additive to detergent compositions. In that case the composition will comprise from 50-99% percompound and from 50-1% peroxyacid bleach precursor mixture.
• the bleaching composition of the invention will be formulated as a detergent bleach composition and will contain at least one surface-active agent selected from the group consisting of soap, synthetic anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric and zwitterionic detergents and mixtures thereof, in an amount of from about 2 to 40% by weight of the composition.
• mixtures of the above surface-active agents are used; mixtures of synthetic anionic, synthetic nonionic surfactants and soap are commonly used.
• Suitable anionic detergent substances are alkali metal soaps of fatty acids, fatty acid-protein condensation products, primary or secondary alkyl sulphates, fatty acid alkanolamide sulphates, sulphated alkyl- or alkylphenol-polyglycolethers, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid taurides, alkylbenzene sulphonates, alkane sulphonates, olefin sulphonates, salts of alpha-sulpho fatty acids and esters thereof, and other known surface-active compounds of the sulphate and sulphonate type.
• nonionic detergent substances are alkyl and acyl polyglycolethers, alkylphenol polyglycolether, fatty acid alkanolamides and their ethoxylated products, ethoxylated polypropylene glycolethers, amine oxides and fatty acid sugar esters.
• the bleaching composition of the invention may further and preferably contain detergency builders.
• detergency builders usually the total amount of detergency builders in a detergent composition of the invention will be from about 5% to about 70% by weight of the detergent composition.
• Many detergency builders are known, and those skilled in the art of formulating fabric-washing detergent compositions will be familiar with these materials.
• detergency builders are sodium tripolyphosphate; sodium orthophosphate; sodium pyrophosphate; sodium trimetaphosphate; sodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate; sodium carbonate; sodium silicate; sodium citrate; sodium oxydiacetate; sodium nitrilotriacetate; sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; sodium salts of long-chain dicarboxylic acids, for instance straight-chain (C10 to C20) succinic acids and malonic acids; sodium salts of alpha-sulphonated long-chain monocarboxylic acids; sodium salts of polycarboxylic acids; i.e.
• acids derived from the polymerization or copolymerization of unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated carboxy acid anhydrides such as maleic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid and aconitic acid, and the anhydrides of these acids, and also from the copolymerization of the above acids and anhydrides with minor amounts of other monomers, such as vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate and styrene; polyacetal carboxylates; and modified starches such as starches oxidized, for example, using sodium hypochlorite, in which some anhydroglucose units have been opened to give dicarboxyl units.
• unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated carboxy acid anhydrides such as maleic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid and aconitic acid, and the anhydrides of these acids, and also from the copoly
• detergency builder which can be used, either alone or in admixture with other builders, is a cation-exchange material, especially a sodium aluminosilica te such as described in GB Patent 1,429,143 or in Netherlands Patent Application 7403381.
• Preferred materials of this type have the formula: (Na2O) 0.7-1.1 .Al2O3(SiO2) 1.3-3.3 and may be amorphous or crystalline, with some bound water usually in an amount of about 10-30% depending on the drying conditions used.
• Such water-insoluble aluminosilicate cation-exchange materials are available as very finely divided powder, commercially known under various grades of zeolites, e.g. Zeolite A and Zeolite B.
• any other non-interfering ingredients normally used in detergent compositions in minor amounts, which serve to improve the bleaching and laundering characteristics of the composition or which add aesthetic appeal to the composition, may also be incorporated.
• a stabilising agent such as ethylene diamine tetraphosphonic acid or its alkali metal salts as disclosed in GB Patent 1,392,284, and other selected types of compounds as disclosed in GB Patent 2,033,937.
• Other minor ingredients can include washing alkalis and buffering agents; sequestering agents such as EDTA; polymeric co-builders; suds-controlling agents; soil-suspending agents and anti-redeposition agents; enzymes, particularly proteolytic enzymes; corrosion inhibitors; optical brighteners, colouring agents, heavy metal catalysts, perfumes, bacteriostats and filler materials.
• such minor components comprise no more than about 20% by weight of the bleach composition.
• the percompound and peroxyacid bleach precursor mixture will generally be present in amounts of from 5-50% by weight and from 1-25% by weight, respectively, preferably from 6-30% by weight of percompound and 2-15% by weight of precursor mixture.
• the bleach and/or detergent composition of the invention will have the advantage of being effective in the removal of all sorts of stains from fabrics, which soiling normally occurs in practice under domestic and industrial conditions.
• Many types of stains have hydrophobic, hydrophilic, proteolytic characteristics either in isolation or combined altogether in one stain.
• the bleaching detergent composition of the invention will have the advantage of being an improved and effective washing composition for universal use.
• the following granular detergent bleach compositions were prepared by spray-drying a base powder and post-dosing the heat-sensitive ingredients enzyme, perborate and peroxyacid bleach precursors.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (18)

Citations (4)

• 1986
  • 1986-08-26 GB GB868620635A patent/GB8620635D0/en active Pending
• 1987
  • 1987-08-14 EP EP87201546A patent/EP0257700A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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