EP0253692A1 - Apparatus for controlling a casting, in particular a low-pressure casting - Google Patents
Apparatus for controlling a casting, in particular a low-pressure casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0253692A1 EP0253692A1 EP87401320A EP87401320A EP0253692A1 EP 0253692 A1 EP0253692 A1 EP 0253692A1 EP 87401320 A EP87401320 A EP 87401320A EP 87401320 A EP87401320 A EP 87401320A EP 0253692 A1 EP0253692 A1 EP 0253692A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- gas
- controlling
- furnace
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for regulating the casting of foundry parts, in particular of parts cast in shells according to the so-called low pressure process, in which the metal is introduced into the mold by being forced out of its melting furnace under the action of a gas pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
- the quality of the parts is closely dependent on the reproducibility of the operations and in particular on the filling conditions of the molds.
- the progressive lowering of the level of metal in the furnace causes a variation in the volume located above this level, this results in a constant disadvantageous modification of the response times to the injection at each setting. under oven pressure.
- a method is known ensuring compression of this increase in gas volume after each injection, by reserving a corresponding quantity of compressed gas compensating for this increase in volume with each new injection, in order to ensure a constant time. injection.
- the elasticity proper to the gaseous medium which changes with its change in volume, does not allow this process to reach a satisfactory level of precision with regard to the reproducibility of the injection conditions.
- Patent FR-2,146,148 in the name of the applicant describes a casting regulating device which allows these functions to be ensured.
- the originality of this resides in the use of the measurement of the pressure of the furnace, physical quantity on which the process of filling of the mold, by compression at a reference pressure, to trigger and control the means for supplying the furnace with pressurized gas.
- This measurement by comparison does indeed provide this device with great sensitivity and rapid response.
- this regulating device which makes it possible to control a molding machine, is devoid of means necessary for the generation of a casting law and for the storage of laws specific to various manufactures.
- the invention proposes to remedy this drawback.
- a flow regulating device of the aforementioned type which, according to an essential characteristic, incorporates: means for controlling the supply pressure for filling the furnace gas on the basis of instructions calculated as a function of characteristic parameters of the part to be obtained; - And control means of the gas pressure in the furnace on the one hand, and the physical position of the metal inside the mold, on the other hand.
- this device comprises means for correcting these parameters as a function of the times taken by the metal to reach the lower and upper levels of the mold.
- this device comprises means for verifying the real-time agreement of the setpoint calculated with the pressure of the gas in the oven.
- the molten metal 2 contained in an oven 4, and above which there is a volume of pressurized air 6, must fill an imprint 8 after having passed through a connecting tube 10.
- the flow regulating device which allows complete control of this filling essentially comprises: - a programmable controller 12 which stores a general casting law and various parameter tables specific to each type of part, to process the evolution of a set point; - A gas pressure setpoint transducer 14 which incorporates a proportional valve Q1; - gas pressure transducers 16, 18 in numerical values used by the automaton 12; - and lower 20 and upper 22 detectors of the presence of the metal in the mold 4.
- This device operates in the following manner, with reference to FIG. 2.
- This phase corresponds to the rise of the metal to the lower level of the cavity, it is executed in a time (opening command of the proportional valve Q1).
- the pressure admitted into the furnace raises the metal column at high speed until the set value is obtained.
- This phase corresponds to the filling of the imprint and is therefore characteristic of the part to be obtained.
- the automaton will keep in non-volatile memory, a general casting law and tables of parameters specific to the casting.
- Each segment of the law will be defined by a flow rate ⁇ pressure / time setpoint.
- the measurement of time t2 will be compared with the theoretical time of casting the imprint, defined during the development of the program.
- the difference ⁇ between the measured time and the programmed time will be distributed over the elementary times of the next flow thus ensuring from one flow to another, the correction of the law.
- This phase which corresponds to a rise in overpressure, takes place without metal flowing.
- the pressure build-up takes place according to four programmable ramps.
- the generation of this phase is done according to a pressure / time law obtained by the proportional valve associated with the pressure sensor.
- the stabilized value (holding pressure) is obtained without exceeding, by adjusting the last ramp.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif régulateur de coulée de pièces de fonderie, en particulier de pièces coulées en coquilles suivant le procédé dit de basse pression, dans lequel le métal est introduit dans le moule en étant refoulé hors de son four de fusion sous l'action d'une pression gazeuse supérieure à la pression atmosphérique.The present invention relates to a device for regulating the casting of foundry parts, in particular of parts cast in shells according to the so-called low pressure process, in which the metal is introduced into the mold by being forced out of its melting furnace under the action of a gas pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
Dans les procédés de coulée en coquille, la qualité des pièces est étroitement tributaire de la reproductibilité des opérations et en particulier des conditions de remplissage des moules. Dans le procédé de coulée basse pression, l'abaissement progressif du niveau de métal dans le four entraîne une variation du volume situé au-dessus de ce niveau, il en résulte une modification constante désavantageuse des temps de réponse à l'injection à chaque mise sous pression du four.In shell casting processes, the quality of the parts is closely dependent on the reproducibility of the operations and in particular on the filling conditions of the molds. In the low pressure casting process, the progressive lowering of the level of metal in the furnace causes a variation in the volume located above this level, this results in a constant disadvantageous modification of the response times to the injection at each setting. under oven pressure.
On connaît un procédé assurant une compression de cette augmentation du volume gazeux après chaque injection, par mise en réserve d'une quantité de gaz comprimé correspondante compensant cette augmentation de volume à chaque nouvelle injection, en vue d'assurer une constante du temps d'injection. Toutefois, l'élasticité propre au milieu gazeux, qui évolue avec son changement de volume, ne permet pas à ce procédé d'atteindre un niveau de précision satisfaisant quant à la reproductabilité des conditions d'injection. Par ailleurs, il s'est avéré nécessaire, pour assurer les meilleures conditions de remplissage des moules, de faire varier le débit de métal liquide suivant des conditions bien définies et reproductibles.A method is known ensuring compression of this increase in gas volume after each injection, by reserving a corresponding quantity of compressed gas compensating for this increase in volume with each new injection, in order to ensure a constant time. injection. However, the elasticity proper to the gaseous medium, which changes with its change in volume, does not allow this process to reach a satisfactory level of precision with regard to the reproducibility of the injection conditions. Furthermore, it has proved necessary, in order to ensure the best filling conditions for the molds, to vary the flow rate of liquid metal according to well-defined and reproducible conditions.
Le brevet FR-2 146 148 au nom de la demanderesse fait état d'un dispositif régulateur de coulée qui permet d'assurer ces fonctions. L'originalité de celui-ci réside dans l'utilisation de la mesure de la pression du four, grandeur physique dont dépend le processus de remplissage du moule, par compression à une pression de référence, pour déclencher et commander les moyens d'alimentation du four en gaz sous pression. Cette mesure par comparaison procure effectivement à ce dispositif, une grande sensibilité et une grande rapidité de réponse.Patent FR-2,146,148 in the name of the applicant describes a casting regulating device which allows these functions to be ensured. The originality of this resides in the use of the measurement of the pressure of the furnace, physical quantity on which the process of filling of the mold, by compression at a reference pressure, to trigger and control the means for supplying the furnace with pressurized gas. This measurement by comparison does indeed provide this device with great sensitivity and rapid response.
Toutefois, ce dispositif régulateur qui permet d'assurer le pilotage d'une machine à mouler, est dépourvu de moyens nécessaires à la génération d'une loi de coulée et à la mise en mémoire de lois spécifiques à diverses fabrications.However, this regulating device which makes it possible to control a molding machine, is devoid of means necessary for the generation of a casting law and for the storage of laws specific to various manufactures.
L'invention se propose de remédier à cet inconvénient.The invention proposes to remedy this drawback.
A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif régulateur de coulée du type précité qui, suivant une particularité essentielle, incorpore :
- des moyens de commande de la pression d'alimentation en gaz de remplissage du four à partir de consignes calculées en fonction de paramètres caractéristiques de la pièce à obtenir ;
- et des moyens de contrôle de la pression du gaz dans le four d'une part, et de la position physique du métal à l'intérieur du moule, d'autre part.To this end, it relates to a flow regulating device of the aforementioned type which, according to an essential characteristic, incorporates:
means for controlling the supply pressure for filling the furnace gas on the basis of instructions calculated as a function of characteristic parameters of the part to be obtained;
- And control means of the gas pressure in the furnace on the one hand, and the physical position of the metal inside the mold, on the other hand.
Suivant une autre particularité, ce dispositif comporte des moyens de correction de ces paramètres en fonction des temps mis par le métal pour atteindre les niveaux inférieur et supérieur du moule.According to another particular feature, this device comprises means for correcting these parameters as a function of the times taken by the metal to reach the lower and upper levels of the mold.
Suivant une autre particularité, ce dispositif comprend des moyens de vérification de la concordance en temps réel de la consigne calculée avec la pression du gaz dans le four.According to another particular feature, this device comprises means for verifying the real-time agreement of the setpoint calculated with the pressure of the gas in the oven.
Ces particularités montrent la souplesse d'utilisation parfaite que peut procurer un tel dispositif de régulation.These features show the perfect flexibility of use that such a control device can provide.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation préféré, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- - la figure 1 représente un schéma d'un dispositif régulateur de coulée conforme à l'invention ;
- - et la figure 2 représente une courbe type illustrant une loi de coulée en basse pression, et présentant cinq phases distinctes ;
- - Figure 1 shows a diagram of a casting regulating device according to the invention;
- - And Figure 2 shows a typical curve illustrating a low pressure casting law, and having five distinct phases;
Comme l'illustre la figure 1, le métal en fusion 2 contenu dans un four 4, et au-dessus duquel se trouve un volume d'air sous pression 6, doit remplir une empreinte 8 après avoir traversé une tube de liaison 10.As illustrated in FIG. 1, the
Le dispositif régulateur de coulée qui permet de maîtriser complètement ce remplissage comprend essentiellement :
- un automate programmable 12 qui mémorise une loi générale de coulée et divers tableaux de paramètres propres à chaque type de pièce, pour traiter l'évolution d'une consigne ;
- un transducteur 14 de consigne en pression de gaz qui incorpore une vanne proportionnelle Q1 ;
- des transducteurs 16, 18 de pression de gaz en valeurs numériques utilisées par l'automate 12 ;
- et des détecteurs inférieur 20 et supérieur 22 de présence du métal dans le moule 4.The flow regulating device which allows complete control of this filling essentially comprises:
- a
- A gas pressure setpoint transducer 14 which incorporates a proportional valve Q1;
-
- and lower 20 and upper 22 detectors of the presence of the metal in the
Ce dispositif fonctionne de la manière suivante, en référence à la figure 2.This device operates in the following manner, with reference to FIG. 2.
La figure 2 illustre une variation type de la pression du volume d'air 6 en fonction du temps ; cette courbe d'évolution montre la forme générale d'une loi de coulée en basse pression qui se décompose en cinq phases :
- - phase 1 : montée du
métal 2 ; - - phase 2 : remplissage de l'empreinte 8 ;
- - phase 3 : montée en sur pression ;
- - phase 4 : maintien de la surpression ;
- - phase 5 : mise à l'échappement du
four 4.
- - phase 1: rise of
metal 2; - - phase 2: filling of the imprint 8;
- - phase 3: rise in pressure;
- - phase 4: maintenance of overpressure;
- - phase 5: exhausting the
furnace 4.
L'ensemble de cette loi est généré par l'automate programmable 12.The whole of this law is generated by the
La génération de cette loi de coulée s'effectue de la manière suivante :The generation of this casting law is carried out as follows:
Cette phase correspond à la montée du métal jusqu'à niveau inférieur de l'empreinte, elle s'exécute en un temps (commande d'ouverture de la vanne proportionnelle Q1). La pression admise dans le four élève la colonne de métal en grande vitesse jusqu'à l'obtention de la valeur de consigne.This phase corresponds to the rise of the metal to the lower level of the cavity, it is executed in a time (opening command of the proportional valve Q1). The pressure admitted into the furnace raises the metal column at high speed until the set value is obtained.
Cette montée s'effectue dans un temps t1 défini expérimentalement : l'écart de temps mesuré à chaque coulée sera utilisé pour corriger la coulée suivante, t1 ± ε.This rise takes place in a time t1 defined experimentally: the time difference measured at each flow will be used to correct the next flow, t1 ± ε.
Cette phase correspond au remplissage de l'empreinte et est donc caractéristique de la pièce à obtenir. L'automate conservera en mémoire non volatile, une loi de coulée générale et des tableaux de paramètres spécifiques à la pièce coulée.This phase corresponds to the filling of the imprint and is therefore characteristic of the part to be obtained. The automaton will keep in non-volatile memory, a general casting law and tables of parameters specific to the casting.
Chaque segment de la loi sera défini par une consigne débit ≡ pression/temps. Au point D (DS), la mesure de temps t2 sera comparée au temps théorique de coulée de l'empreinte, défini lors de l'élaboration du programme. L'écart ε entre le temps mesuré et le temps programmé sera réparti sur les temps élémentaires de la coulée suivante assurant ainsi d'une coulée à l'autre, la correction de la loi.Each segment of the law will be defined by a flow rate ≡ pressure / time setpoint. At point D (DS), the measurement of time t2 will be compared with the theoretical time of casting the imprint, defined during the development of the program. The difference ε between the measured time and the programmed time will be distributed over the elementary times of the next flow thus ensuring from one flow to another, the correction of the law.
Cette phase qui correspond à une montée en surpression, se déroule sans écoulement de métal.This phase, which corresponds to a rise in overpressure, takes place without metal flowing.
En fin de remplissage de l'empreinte, ou passage du métal sur le détecteur supérieur 22 de présence métal (Point D), la pression P2 (équivalente à la hauteur de la colonne de métal) ainsi que le temps t2 sont mis en mémoire.At the end of filling the imprint, or passage of the metal on the upper metal presence detector 22 (Point D), the pressure P2 (equivalent to the height of the metal column) as well as the time t2 are stored.
La montée en pression s'effectue selon quatre rampes programmables. La génération de cette phase se fait selon une loi pression/temps obtenue par la vanne proportionnelle associée au capteur de pression.The pressure build-up takes place according to four programmable ramps. The generation of this phase is done according to a pressure / time law obtained by the proportional valve associated with the pressure sensor.
L'obtention de la valeur stabilisée (pression de maintien) s'effectue sans dépassement, par ajustage de la dernière rampe.The stabilized value (holding pressure) is obtained without exceeding, by adjusting the last ramp.
Cette phase correspond au maintien pour une durée Δtm de la surpression durant la solidification de la pièce. Elle consiste à maintenir la pression autour d'une valeur :
P3 = P1 + ΔP (ΔP fonction du type de pièce à réaliser)This phase corresponds to the maintenance for a duration Δt m of the overpressure during the solidification of the part. It consists in maintaining the pressure around a value:
P3 = P1 + ΔP (ΔP depending on the type of part to be produced)
A la fin du temps de maintien Δtm, le four est mis à l'échappement 24, et le cycle de coulée est terminé.At the end of the holding time Δt m , the oven is exhausted 24, and the casting cycle is finished.
Claims (5)
- des moyens de commande de la pression d'alimentation en gaz de remplissage du four (4) à partir de consignes calculées en fonction de paramètres caractéristiques de la pièce à obtenir ;
- et des moyens de contrôle de la pression du gaz dans le four (4) d'une part, et de la position physique du métal à l'intérieur du moule (8), d'autre part.1. A flow regulating device, in particular at low pressure, of the type comprising means for controlling the operations of pressurizing the furnace (4) and filling the mold (8), characterized in that it comprises:
- Means for controlling the supply pressure for filling the furnace gas (4) on the basis of instructions calculated as a function of characteristic parameters of the part to be obtained;
- And means for controlling the pressure of the gas in the furnace (4) on the one hand, and the physical position of the metal inside the mold (8), on the other hand.
- un automate programmable (12) qui mémorise une loi générale de coulée et divers tableaux de paramètres propres à chaque type de pièce, pour traiter l'évolution d'une consigne ;
- et un transducteur (14) de consigne en pression de gaz.4. Device according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that these control means consist of:
- a programmable controller (12) which stores a general casting law and various tables of parameters specific to each type of part, to process the evolution of a set point;
- And a gas pressure setpoint transducer (14).
- des transducteurs (16, 18) de pression de gaz en valeurs numériques utilisées par l'automate (12) ;
- et des détecteurs de position du métal (20, 22) dans le moule (4).5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that these control means consist of:
- transducers (16, 18) of gas pressure in numerical values used by the automaton (12);
- And metal position detectors (20, 22) in the mold (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8608709A FR2599999B1 (en) | 1986-06-17 | 1986-06-17 | CASTING REGULATOR DEVICE, ESPECIALLY AT LOW PRESSURE |
FR8608709 | 1986-06-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0253692A1 true EP0253692A1 (en) | 1988-01-20 |
Family
ID=9336392
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87401320A Pending EP0253692A1 (en) | 1986-06-17 | 1987-06-12 | Apparatus for controlling a casting, in particular a low-pressure casting |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0253692A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2599999B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6779588B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2004-08-24 | Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. | Method for filling a mold |
WO2011003396A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Ksm Casting Gmbh | System and method for casting |
US9797031B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2017-10-24 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Aluminum casting alloy |
US9982329B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2018-05-29 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Aluminum casting alloy |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1471882A (en) * | 1973-05-12 | 1977-04-27 | Dimo Ltd | Control systems for die casting |
FR2460170A1 (en) * | 1979-07-04 | 1981-01-23 | Etude Dev Metallurg | Automatic cycle for low pressure casting machine - where computer controls pressure of air or gas forcing molten metal upwards into mould or die |
EP0055947A1 (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1982-07-14 | ETUDE ET DEVELOPPEMENT EN METALLURGIE, E.D.E.M. Société à Responsabilité Limitée dite | Process and means for the automation of a low pressure casting cycle |
EP0135305A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-03-27 | A.W. Plume Limited | A method and apparatus for the low-pressure die-casting of metals |
-
1986
- 1986-06-17 FR FR8608709A patent/FR2599999B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-06-12 EP EP87401320A patent/EP0253692A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1471882A (en) * | 1973-05-12 | 1977-04-27 | Dimo Ltd | Control systems for die casting |
FR2460170A1 (en) * | 1979-07-04 | 1981-01-23 | Etude Dev Metallurg | Automatic cycle for low pressure casting machine - where computer controls pressure of air or gas forcing molten metal upwards into mould or die |
EP0055947A1 (en) * | 1981-01-05 | 1982-07-14 | ETUDE ET DEVELOPPEMENT EN METALLURGIE, E.D.E.M. Société à Responsabilité Limitée dite | Process and means for the automation of a low pressure casting cycle |
EP0135305A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-03-27 | A.W. Plume Limited | A method and apparatus for the low-pressure die-casting of metals |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6779588B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2004-08-24 | Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. | Method for filling a mold |
WO2011003396A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Ksm Casting Gmbh | System and method for casting |
US8783331B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2014-07-22 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | System and method for casting |
US9415441B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2016-08-16 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Method for casting |
EP3395473A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2018-10-31 | Fill Gesellschaft m.b.H. | System and method for casting |
US9797031B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2017-10-24 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Aluminum casting alloy |
US9982329B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2018-05-29 | Ksm Castings Group Gmbh | Aluminum casting alloy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2599999A1 (en) | 1987-12-18 |
FR2599999B1 (en) | 1989-09-15 |
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Inventor name: GUYON, IVAN Inventor name: AUPETIT, MICHEL Inventor name: POISSON, BERNARD Inventor name: RENARD, JEAN-CLAUDE |