EP0253041B1 - Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff - Google Patents

Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0253041B1
EP0253041B1 EP86830199A EP86830199A EP0253041B1 EP 0253041 B1 EP0253041 B1 EP 0253041B1 EP 86830199 A EP86830199 A EP 86830199A EP 86830199 A EP86830199 A EP 86830199A EP 0253041 B1 EP0253041 B1 EP 0253041B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
diameter
length
fuel
sectional area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86830199A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0253041A1 (de
Inventor
Sergio Ligasacchi
Mario Graziadio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enel SpA
Original Assignee
Enel SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enel SpA filed Critical Enel SpA
Priority to DE8686830199T priority Critical patent/DE3671656D1/de
Priority to EP86830199A priority patent/EP0253041B1/de
Priority to AT86830199T priority patent/ATE53249T1/de
Priority to US06/888,885 priority patent/US4708293A/en
Priority to JP61258087A priority patent/JPS6321408A/ja
Publication of EP0253041A1 publication Critical patent/EP0253041A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0253041B1 publication Critical patent/EP0253041B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved atomizer for a liquid fuel burner.
  • the invention relates to an improved atomizer suitable to a burner for high viscosity liquid fuels or to two-phase mixtures such, for instance, coal-fuel oil or coal-water, having high viscosity and, in either case, by the assistance of air or stream as an atomizing fluid.
  • an atomizer comprising a first and a second mixer for a fuel delivered through a central inlet means and for an atomizing fluid delivered through a peripheral inlet means.
  • the first mixer includes a first mixing chamber whereto the fuel arrives from the central inlet means and the atomizing fluid arrives from equally spaced peripheral ducts;
  • the second mixer includes a second mixing chamber for the fuel and the atomizing fluid that complete their mixing therein and a plurality of outlet means for the delivery of the completely atomized fuel to a firebox.
  • the cross sectional area and the length of said central inlet means greatly exceed the cross sectional area and the length of said first mixing chamber, respectively.
  • the cross sectional area of said second mixing chamber is several times that of said first mixing chamber, the axis of said peripheral ducts crossing the longitudinal axis of the atomizer at a point within the first mixing chamber.
  • the present invention relates to an atomizer of the type described above wherein certain features of some single parts and certain relations between the dimensions of the parts associated in imparting an effective atomization to the fuel and supplying an advantageous pencil of atomized fuel have been defined much better after having carried out trials and model tests.
  • the improved atomizer still comprises known features as a central inlet means 3 for some liquid fuel, a peripheral inlet means 4 for some atomizing fluid, a first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 within which a plurality of peripheral ducts 10 lead the fluid that atomizes the liquid fuel coming from said central inlet means 3, a second mixing chamber 12 which receives the partly atomized liquid fuel from the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 and has a plurality of outlet means 14 for delivering the completely atomized fuel to a firebox,the longitudinal axis of the atomizer being the longitudinal axis of simmetry common to the central inlet means and to the first and second mixing chamber.
  • the atomizer 1 is urged on the device 2 by a ring nut 7 screwed on a thread of the device 2.
  • the atomizer 1 comprises a first mixer 8 which contains a first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 in communication with a central inlet means 3 for the liquid fuel and also contains a plurality of n 1 peripheral ducts 10 angularly spaced by 360°/n 1 (2 only are shown) for delivering within the chamber 9 the atomizing fluid coming from a peripheral inlet means 4.
  • the peripheral ducts 10 are so directed that their longitudinal axis II-II cross at point A on the longitudinal axis I-I, the point A dividing the length of the chamber 9 in-two lengths.
  • the atomizer 1 comprises also a second mixer 11 which contains a second mixing chamber 12 that shows a first cylindrical portion and a second conical portion.
  • a plurality of outlet means 14 are open in the conical wall, the axis III-III of the outlet means 14 being perpendicular to the inner and outer conical walls of the mixer 11 and crossing at a point C within the chamber 12.
  • the end wall B opposite to the chamber 9 is perpendicular to the axis I-I.
  • the diameter of the central inlet means 3 is Do; the diameter of the chamber 9 is D 1 ; the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the chamber 12 is D 2 ; the diameter of the end wall B is Ds.
  • each peripheral duct 10 The diameter of each peripheral duct 10 is d i ; the diameter of each outlet means 14 is d 2 .
  • the cross sectional area of each of the ducts 10 is s i .
  • the length of the chamber 9 is Li, divided by the crossing point A in two lengths, L 3 and L 4 ; the overhall length of the second mixing chamber 12 is L 2 and the length of the cylindrical portion of the chamber 12 is L s .
  • the outlet means 14 have inner and outer sharp edges.
  • the length of the peripheral ducts 10 is 1 1 ; the length of the outlet means 14 is 1 2 .
  • the ratio between the diameter Do of said central inlet means 3 and the diameter D 1 of the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 is Do/Di > 2;
  • the plurality of peripheral ducts which lead the atomizing fluid to the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 comprises at least three ducts 10, the ducts 10 being equally angularly spaced and having equal length 1 1 , equal diameter di and their longitudinal axis crossing at a same point A on said longitudinal axis I-I within the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9;
  • the second mixing chamber 12 having the overhall length L 2 divided in a first portion of cylindrical cross section having length Ls and diameter D 2 such that Ls/D 2 > 0.6, a second portion of conical shape comprising a plurality of outlet means 14, the axis III-III of the outlet means 14 being perpendicular to the inner conical wall and crossing at a same point C on said longitudinal axis I-I within said first portion, the end inner wall B of that conical portion being a circular wall having a diameter D 3 such that D 3 ⁇ D 1
  • Said crossing point A divides the length Li of the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 in two lengths, a first one L 3 adjacent to the central inlet means 3, a second one L 4 adjacent to the second mixing chamber 12, such that the relation between each of said two lengths and the diameter D 1 of the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 is L 3 ⁇ 2D 1 and L 4 ⁇ 2D 1 ; the relation between the length 1 1 and the diameter di of each of said n 1 peripheral ducts 10 is 2d 1 ⁇ l 1 ⁇ 5di and the relation between the overhall cross sectional area nisi of said peripheral ducts 10 and the cross sectional area S 1 of the first cylindrical mixing chamber 9 is 0.5 S 1 ⁇ nisi ⁇ Si.
  • the quantity of said outlet means 14 in the second mixing chamber 12 is n 2 > 3, the length 1 2 and the diameter d 2 of said outlet means 14 are such that d 2 ⁇ 1 2 ⁇ 3d 2 , the cross sectional area s 2 of each of said outlet means 14 being such that n 2 s 2 ⁇ nisi + Si.
  • the preliminary mixing between the liquid fuel and the atomizing fluid in the first mixing chamber is very effective; the extension of the length L 3 provides for a convenient turbolence in the liquid fuel and the extension of the length L 4 provides for a first satisfactory mixing; the relations among the dimensions of the second mixing chamber avoid the coalescence in the drops drawn by the atomizing fluid from the first chamber with the liquid fraction that has not been atomized in the first mixing chamber; the separation of the atomizing fluid from the not yet atomized liquid fuel beam is caused,which helps the subsequent spreading of said beam on the walls of the chamber in the form of a thin film that enters the outlet means where the atomizing fluid further atomizes that liquid fuel; the relations among the cross sectional areas of the peripheral ducts, first mixing chamber and outlet means impart to the atomizing fluid such a pressure in the second mixing chamber that the above film in the outlet means is broken at the maximum extent. As a whole, the final atomization of the liquid fuel is very high.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Ein verbesserter Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff mit einem ersten (8) und einem zweiten (11) Mischer für einen Brennstoff, welcher durch einen zentralen Einlaß (3) zugeführt wird, und für eine Zerstäubungsflüssigkeit, welche durch einen peripheren Einlaß (4) zugeführt wird, wobei der erste Mischer (S) eine erste Mischkammer (9) umfaßt, in welche der Brennstoff durch den zentralen Einlaß (3) und die Zerstäubungsflüssigkeit durch im gleichen Abstand voneinander befindliche periphere Kanäle (10) gelangt, der zweite Mischer (11) eine zweite Mischkammer (12) für den Brennstoff und für die Zerstäubungsflüssigkeit, in welcher deren Vermischung vervollständigt wird, und eine Vielzahl von Auslässen (14) für die Abgabe des vollständig zerstäubten Brennstoffes in eine Feuerkammer enthält, wobei die Querschnittsfläche und die Länge des mittleren Einlasses (3) in ihren Ausmaßen die Querschnittsfläche und die Länge der ersten Mischkammer (9) wesentlich überschreiten, die Querschnittsfläche der zweiten Mischkammer (12) ein Vielfaches derjenigen der ersten Mischkammer (9) beträgt, die Achsen der genannten peripheren Kanäle (10) die Längsachse (I-I) des Zerstäubers in einem Punkt (A) innerhalb der ersten Mischkammer (9) schneiden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis zwischen dem Durchmesser (Do) des genannten mittleren Einlasses (3) und dem Durchmesser (D1) der ersten zylindrischen Mischkammer (9) größer als 2 ist, die Vielzahl der peripheren Kanäle, welche die Zerstäubungsflüssigkeit in die erste zylindrische Mischkammer (9) leiten, zumindest drei Kanäle (10) umfaßt, die zweite Mischkammer (12) eine gesamte Länge (L2) aufweist, welche in einen ersten Abschnitt mit zylindrischem Querschnitt und einer Länge (Ls) sowie einem Durchmesser (D2) derart, daß Ls/D2 > 0.6 ist, und einen zweiten Abschnitt mit einer konischen Form mit einer Vielzahl von Ausgängen (14) unterteilt ist, die Achsen (III-III) der Ausgänge (14) zur inneren konischen Wand rechtwinkelig sind und sich im gleichen Punkt (C) auf der Längsachse (I-I) innerhalb des ersten Abschnittes schneiden, die innere Stirnwand (B) des konischen Teiles eine kreisrunde Wand mit einem Durchmesser (D3) ist, derart, daß D3 ≥ D1 ist, wobei der genannte Kreuzungspunkt (A) die Länge (Li) der ersten zylindrischen Mischkammer (9) in zwei Bereiche unterteilt, von denen eine erste (Ls) an den zentralen Einlaß (3) anliegt, eine zweite (L4) an die zweite Mischkammer (12) anliegt, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen jeder der beiden Längen und dem Durchmesser (D1) der ersten zylindrischen Mischkammer (9) Ls s 2Di und L4 ≥ als 2D1 ist, das Verhältnis zwischen der Länge (11) und dem Durchmesser (d1) jedes dieser genannten ni peripheren Kanäle (10) 2di ≤ 11≤ 5d1 ist und das Verhältnis zwischen der gesamten Querschnittsfläche n1S1 der genannten peripheren Kanäle (10) und der Ouerschnittsfläche (S1) der ersten zylindrischen Mischkammer (9) 0.5 Si < n1S1 < Si ist.
2. Verbesserter Zerstäuber für einen flüssigen Brennstoff gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis zwischen der gesamten Länge (L2) und dem Durchmesser (D2) des ersten Abschnittes der zweiten Mischkammer (12) 0.6 · D2 < L2 < 1.2 D2 ist und das Verhältnis zwischen dem genannten Durchmesser (D2) der zweiten Mischkammer (12) und dem Durchmesser (D1) der ersten Mischkammer (9) D2 ≥ 3D1 ist.
3. Ein verbesserter Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der genannten Auslässe (14) in der zweiten Mischkammer (12) n2 > 3 ist und die Länge (12) sowie der Durchmesser (d2) der genannten Auslässe (14) derart gewählt sind, daß d2 < 12 < 3d2 ist, die Ouerschnittsfläche (S2) jeder der genannten Auslässe (14) derart ist, daß n2s2 < nisi+Si ist, wobei die Auslässe (14) innere und äußere scharfe Kanten aufweisen.
EP86830199A 1983-02-24 1986-07-14 Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff Expired EP0253041B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8686830199T DE3671656D1 (de) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Zerstaeuber fuer einen brenner fuer fluessigen brennstoff.
EP86830199A EP0253041B1 (de) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
AT86830199T ATE53249T1 (de) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Zerstaeuber fuer einen brenner fuer fluessigen brennstoff.
US06/888,885 US4708293A (en) 1983-02-24 1986-07-23 Atomizer for viscous liquid fuels
JP61258087A JPS6321408A (ja) 1986-07-14 1986-10-29 液体燃料バ−ナ用改良噴霧器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86830199A EP0253041B1 (de) 1986-07-14 1986-07-14 Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0253041A1 EP0253041A1 (de) 1988-01-20
EP0253041B1 true EP0253041B1 (de) 1990-05-30

Family

ID=8196500

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86830199A Expired EP0253041B1 (de) 1983-02-24 1986-07-14 Zerstäuber für einen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0253041B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6321408A (de)
AT (1) ATE53249T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3671656D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1238699B (it) * 1990-03-26 1993-09-01 Ente Naz Energia Elettrica Atomizzatore perfezionato per combustibili liquidi viscosi

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1278645A (fr) * 1960-10-03 1961-12-15 Injecteur à mazout
FR2212497B1 (de) * 1972-12-31 1976-11-19 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind
DE2441833A1 (de) * 1974-08-31 1976-03-11 Hubert Groener Oelfeuertechnik Spiral-drallduese mit internalfilter
IT1161905B (it) * 1983-02-24 1987-03-18 Ente Naz Energia Elettrica Atomizzatore per bruciatore di combustibili liquidi
DE3426488A1 (de) * 1984-07-18 1986-01-30 Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen Brenner fuer fluessige, insbesondere feste anteile enthaltende brennstoffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3671656D1 (de) 1990-07-05
JPS6321408A (ja) 1988-01-29
EP0253041A1 (de) 1988-01-20
ATE53249T1 (de) 1990-06-15

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