EP0252863A1 - Verfahren und Rammvorrichtung zum Eintreiben von Geräten in den Erdboden - Google Patents

Verfahren und Rammvorrichtung zum Eintreiben von Geräten in den Erdboden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0252863A1
EP0252863A1 EP87430027A EP87430027A EP0252863A1 EP 0252863 A1 EP0252863 A1 EP 0252863A1 EP 87430027 A EP87430027 A EP 87430027A EP 87430027 A EP87430027 A EP 87430027A EP 0252863 A1 EP0252863 A1 EP 0252863A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer
anvil
electromagnet
chassis
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87430027A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
André Martin
Minh Phong Luong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technologies Speciales Ingenierie - Tsi A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste
Original Assignee
Technologies Speciales Ingenierie - Tsi A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technologies Speciales Ingenierie - Tsi A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste filed Critical Technologies Speciales Ingenierie - Tsi A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste
Publication of EP0252863A1 publication Critical patent/EP0252863A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method and a threshing device for driving tools into the ground.
  • the technical sector of the invention is that of devices for driving tools into the ground by threshing, for example pile anchors, measuring tools, coring tools for removing soil fragments for analysis or to study the resistance of a terrain.
  • the invention is equally applicable on land, or in immersion at very low or very deep depth.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the objective to be achieved is a drummer to drive tools into the ground, especially in an aquatic environment and capable of giving information on the surface on the frequency of blows, the progression of the driving of the tool into the ground and the start and end of threshing operations.
  • the device according to the invention for driving tools into the ground comprising a chassis in which is slidably mounted an anvil connected by a string of rods to said tool and a hammer sliding in said chassis to strike the anvil, characterized in that it further comprises a electromagnet slidably mounted in said frame and above said hammer, which is connected to an electric source as well as to lifting means for gripping the hammer by magnetic attraction after it falls on the anvil and for lifting the hammer to the upper part of the chassis to automatically let it fall again by gravity on said anvil.
  • the hammer comprises, at its part opposite to that which comes into contact with the anvil, a permanent magnet to increase the force of attraction of the hammer against the electromagnet or to create a repulsive force by changing the polarity of the electromagnet to promote the separation of the electromagnet and the hammer and communicate an initial speed to said hammer.
  • Said chassis is made up of several profiles which are parallel to each other and form a cage in which the electromagnet, the hammer and the anvil move in sliding motion, which are in contact with the profiles at their periphery and are guided by said profiles.
  • the chassis comprises three T-sections arranged at 120 °, the cores of which comprise, along their edge, which is in contact with the electromagnet, the hammer and the anvil, a coating made of a material promoting sliding.
  • the hammer further comprises, at its periphery, a permanent magnet which cooperates with a magnetic pulse recorder slidably mounted on a rail parallel to the path of the hammer, which recorder is mechanically connected to the anvil to move with it as the and as the tool is driven into the ground under the effect of the hammer.
  • Said device also comprises means for maintaining the anvil in the blocking position when the chassis is placed on site, which means consist of at least one radial lock extending inside the cage in which moves the anvil, which is, by gravity, supported on said latch, which is subjected to the effects of an elastic means tending to erase it from said cage in order to release the anvil and cooperates with a connected trigger a detent member located at the lower end of the chassis and intended to come into contact with the ground when the chassis is placed on site to automatically release the anvil.
  • the electromagnet is suspended from a cable wound around a drum connected to a electro-mechanical clutch, itself connected to a geared motor, which drum is connected to a command system comprising a worm screw connected to the drum shaft and on which worm moves a cursor, and a contact of limit switch located at one end of said screw and on which contact acts the cursor, which contact controls said electromechanical clutch when the electromagnet is at the high end of travel to trigger the declutching and let the electro-fall magnet by gravity.
  • Said order system further comprises a limit switch located at the other end of said worm and against which contact acts said cursor and which gives the end of threshing information.
  • the hammer comprises, at its part which strikes the anvil, several grooves for the flow of water extending from the central part of the hammer to its periphery.
  • Said hammer is cylindrical and its end which strikes the anvil is rounded and the contact surface of the hammer on the anvil is a circular surface whose diameter is one third of the diameter of the hammer. Said grooves extend from the edge of this surface to the periphery of the hammer.
  • the hammer has five curved grooves which open at its periphery to the vertices of a regular pentagon.
  • the anvil has conduits which pass right through it and which open at its upper and lower parts.
  • the anvil is cylindrical and the face, which is struck by the hammer, is rounded and concave and has a circular contact surface on which the hammer strikes and which corresponds to said circular surface of said hammer.
  • Said conduits open into the annular zone which extends between said contact surface and the periphery of the anvil.
  • the mixer according to the invention comprises a hammer which, according to the design of the device, falls freely into the water to strike the anvil without being hindered by steel lines or cables to lift it again after impact.
  • the drummer resting on the seabed, has means to inform the surface at all times of the state advancement of its threshing without receiving an order from the surface.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a chassis 1, forming a cage in which move, while being guided, an electromagnet 2, a hammer 3 and an anvil 4, which is connected by a train of rods 5 to a tool 6.
  • Said frame is for example formed by three T-profiles 1a / 1b / 1c, arranged at 120 ° so that the cores of said sections converge on the center O of the chassis. They delimit by their free longitudinal edge a transfer channel in which move said electromagnets 2 / hammer 3 and anvil 4, which are cylindrical, are coaxial and of the same diameter, so that their periphery is in contact with said edges 1a1 / 1b1 / 1c1 of the webs of sections 1a / 1b / 1c, the said edges of which are covered with a material promoting sliding, for example tetrafluoroethylene.
  • Said sections 1a / 1b / 1c are anchored to the lower part of the chassis 1 in a base 1d which rests on three cylindrical legs 1e / 1f / 1g which have the function of improving the stability of the threshing assembly by lowering by their dead weight the center of gravity of the device and at the top, in a rigid structure 1h, which serves as a stop for the electromagnet.
  • a shock absorber placed below the rigid structure 1h absorbs part of the shock at the end of the stroke during the ascent of the electromagnet.
  • the mixer is slumped on the bottom by means of an electrically-carrying cable 7, which in the embodiment of said figure, is used to manipulate the electromagnet 2 which has for function of raising the hammer 3.
  • the anvil 4 When the device descends into the aquatic environment, the anvil 4 is in the blocking position by pressing on a lock 8 which extends radially inside the chassis 1.
  • This lock 8 is armed in its deployed position such that 'illustrated in Figure 4 and is subjected to the action of a spring 9 disposed in a housing 10.
  • the lock 8 cooperates with a trigger 11 connected by a cable or a rod 12 to a balance 13, articulated in its middle in 13a and cooperating with a trigger 14 which emerges at the lower end of the chassis 1.
  • a tension spring 15 tends to keep the trigger 14 in the extended position.
  • the trigger 14 acts on the trigger 11 by pulling the cable or the rod 12 and the lock 8 is, under the effect of the compression spring 9, erased in the housing 10, this which causes the anvil which falls by gravity to be released until the tool comes into contact with the ground.
  • the trigger 11 is actuated by a cable 12 connected to the trigger 14, which emerges under one of the legs 1e of the chassis, which cable is deflected by a mad pulley 16, mounted around a axis located at the bottom 1d.
  • the latch is mounted in one of the sections 1a of the chassis and is parallel to the core of said section.
  • the chassis When the chassis descends to the bottom of the sea, the hammer 3 is in contact with the anvil 4.
  • a limit stop 16 (fig. 2) placed at the bottom of the cage in which the anvil has the function of preventing the surface from the end of threshing.
  • the chassis also includes acoustic beacons 17 to prevent the surface that the mixer is resting on the bottom.
  • An inclinometer (not shown) gives the verticality of the frame.
  • the hammer 3 ( Figures 8 and 10) consists of a cylindrical mass of steel rounded at its end 3a which comes into contact with the anvil 4, which part has a contact surface 3a1 intended to strike the anvil 4. From preferably, this contact surface is circular and has a diameter which is one third of the diameter of the hammer.
  • the hammer 3 has several grooves, for example five in number 3b, which grooves are curved and open at the periphery of the hammer at the tops of a regular pentagon to ensure the flow water during hammer / anvil contact.
  • the anvil 4 is cylindrical, of the same diameter as the hammer 3 and its part 4a, which is struck by the hammer, is curved and concave. It comprises a contact surface 4b which corresponds to the contact surface 3a1 of the hammer and the annular zone comprised between the surface 4b and the periphery of the anvil comprises several conduits 4c which pass right through the anvil in the direction of the height and which open at its lower and upper parts.
  • the conduits 4c have the function of ensuring the flow of water through the anvil when the hammer 3 strikes the anvil 4.
  • the device of the invention can be implemented by a relatively small surface support.
  • the drummer intended to push an ocean anchor with a load of 100 tonnes weighs only 4.5 tonnes in air for a height of twelve meters and a width on the ground at the level of the base of 2.5 meters (maximum dimensions).
  • the friction of the electromagnet 2 of the anvil 4 and of the hammer 3 is minimized by the fact that the edges of the cores of the sections 1a / 1b / 1c which make up the frame and which guide said elements are covered by a coating of tetrafluoroethylene.
  • the hammer 3 may comprise, at its periphery, two tetrafluoroethylene belts to ensure better magnetic insulation and further reduce friction considerably.
  • the hammer 3 (fig. 8) has in its center a permanent magnet 3d which is embedded in the mass of the hammer.
  • This magnet is opposite the electromagnet 2 and has a double function: - increase the attractive field of the electromagnet when gripping the hammer 3 after it has hit the anvil 4; - create a repellant field to promote the separation of the electromagnet 2 and the hammer 3 by reversing the polarity of the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet is supported by a 7/18 cable ( Figures 1 and 2) electro-carrier.
  • the electromagnet is cylindrical and has at its upper part a limit switch 2a connected to the turns 2b of the electro-coil and ensuring the function of polarity reverser.
  • the contactor When the contactor is deployed in the position illustrated in FIG. 6, the electromagnet is in the attractive field position and retains the hammer 3 until it is raised to the upper part of the chassis.
  • the hammer 3 which is guided in rotation about its axis of revolution, comprises on the side of its part 3a, another permanent magnet 3e which cooperates with a magnetic pulse recorder 20, slidably mounted on a rail 21, parallel to the sections 1a / 1b / 1c of the chassis 1 and thus to the path of the hammer 3, which recorder 20 is mechanically connected to the anvil 4 by a flexible dielectric connection by example in tetrafluoroethylene 22, to move with the anvil 4 as the tool is driven into the ground under the effect of the hammer 3.
  • Said recorder 20 counts the strikes and the speed of the hammer and makes it possible at any time to know the quantity of kinetic energy used, this notion of quantifiable energy leading to a reasonable forecast with a view for example to an anchoring carried out by a ocean anchor.
  • the mixer according to the invention finds its application for all types of homogeneous or heterogeneous terrains whose simple resistance to compression can go up to 250 bars.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing represents a mixer according to the invention in its autonomous version.
  • the mixer is handled by an electro-carrying cable 23.
  • the electromagnet 2 is actuated by a geared motor group 24 fixed to one of the legs 1e of the chassis.
  • the electromagnet is suspended from the cable 18 wound around a drum 25 driven by said group 24 and which is supported by two pulleys 26/27 located at the top of the chassis 1.
  • the group 24 consists of a motor 28, a reduction gear 29 and a clutch 30.
  • the drum 25 is wedged on the output shaft 30a of the clutch 30.
  • the length of the cable 18 is equivalent to l maximum sinking of the drill string 5.
  • the drum 25 is connected to an order system 31.
  • the shaft 25a of the drum 25 is extended by an endless screw 32 on which screw moves a slider 33.
  • the order system comprises at one end of the screw 32 and on the side of the drum 25, a limit switch 34 on which contact acts the cursor 33.
  • the contact 34 controls the clutch 30, which is of the electromechanical type, when the electromagnet 2 is at the top limit against the structure 1h to trigger the declutching and let the electromagnet fall by gravity.
  • the order system 31 includes a second limit switch 35, located at the other end of the worm screw 32 and against which contact acts the cursor 33 at the end of the threshing.
  • the information given by contact 35 is communicated to the surface cockpit.
  • the order system 31 is timed to 0.1 seconds after the release of the electromagnet by reverse polarity, as seen above, to allow the hammer 3 to get ahead in its fall .
  • the order system 31 controls the disengagement of the drum 25 when the electromagnet 2 abuts on the structure 1h at the upper part of the frame.
  • the electromagnet 2 falls by gravity towards the hammer 3 which has just struck the anvil 4 to take it up by magnetic attraction.
  • the drum 25 unwinds the necessary length of cable.
  • a time delay controls the clutch to raise the electromagnet and the hammer to the upper part of chassis 1.
  • the operation is repeated as the tool is driven into the ground.
  • the cursor 33 of the order system actuates the limit switch 35 which informs the cockpit located on the surface that the tool is depressed to the required depth.
  • This signal ends the threshing operations and the thresher is hauled by the cable 23 onto the surface support.
  • the various components of the mixer such as gearmotor / clutch / transformer / control systems, are placed in sealed enclosures to resist pressure from the bottom.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
EP87430027A 1986-07-11 1987-06-26 Verfahren und Rammvorrichtung zum Eintreiben von Geräten in den Erdboden Withdrawn EP0252863A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8610310 1986-07-11
FR8610310A FR2601397B1 (fr) 1986-07-11 1986-07-11 Procede et dispositif de battage pour enfoncer des outils dans le sol.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0252863A1 true EP0252863A1 (de) 1988-01-13

Family

ID=9337449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87430027A Withdrawn EP0252863A1 (de) 1986-07-11 1987-06-26 Verfahren und Rammvorrichtung zum Eintreiben von Geräten in den Erdboden

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4844661A (de)
EP (1) EP0252863A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2601397B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995002093A2 (en) * 1993-07-10 1995-01-19 Bsp Int Foundation Apparatus and method
EP2963184A1 (de) * 2014-07-04 2016-01-06 Sol Solution Schwerer dynamischer penetrometer, und methode zum bestimmen der fallhöhe eines hammers, der zu diesem penetrometer gehört
CN109610511A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-12 黄夏羿 跨海水中悬浮高铁隧道结构、建造及其控制方法

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US5282701A (en) * 1990-07-10 1994-02-01 Samsung Construction Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for a loading test of a pile using a self-repulsive force
IT1248590B (it) * 1991-06-28 1995-01-19 Saipem Spa Dispositivo perfezionato per il sollevamento e la battitura dei pali di fondazione di strutture offshore
US5330011A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-07-19 The George E. Failing Company Free fall stroker apparatus and method
US6129487A (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-10-10 Bermingham Construction Limited Underwater pile driving tool
KR20030081300A (ko) * 2000-08-30 2003-10-17 올레 달가드 분쇄장치
GB2375319B (en) * 2001-05-12 2004-10-13 Baca Ltd Power tool
US7694747B1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2010-04-13 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Preloaded drop hammer for driving piles
WO2004035941A1 (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-04-29 Rocktec Limited An improved device
NZ522157A (en) * 2002-10-21 2005-09-30 Rocktec Ltd a powered hammer device
WO2004078396A1 (de) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-16 Helmut Schuster Schlagschneidevorrichtung und schneideeinheit hierfür
NZ528332A (en) * 2003-09-22 2006-04-28 Ramet Holdings Ltd Impact driver for driving poles, piles or posts including linear induction motor
US7854571B1 (en) 2005-07-20 2010-12-21 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Systems and methods for handling piles
WO2010138751A2 (en) 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Helmet adapter for pile drivers
US8555473B2 (en) * 2010-01-04 2013-10-15 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for turbine blade installation
US8763719B2 (en) 2010-01-06 2014-07-01 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Pile driving systems and methods employing preloaded drop hammer
US8434969B2 (en) 2010-04-02 2013-05-07 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Internal pipe clamp
IT1403419B1 (it) * 2010-12-23 2013-10-17 Soilmec Spa Metodo ed apparato per la perforazione del terreno.
US9416514B2 (en) * 2013-01-29 2016-08-16 Danuser Llc Post driver with limited movement floating post anvil
RU2672118C1 (ru) * 2015-04-17 2018-11-12 Юнттан Ой Способ забивки свай
US10928285B2 (en) * 2015-09-18 2021-02-23 Marl Technologies Inc. Apparatus and a method for performing a standard penetration test
US10273646B2 (en) 2015-12-14 2019-04-30 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Guide systems and methods for diesel hammers
US10538892B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2020-01-21 American Piledriving Equipment, Inc. Hydraulic impact hammer systems and methods
PL239571B1 (pl) * 2016-07-06 2021-12-13 Joy Global Underground Mining Llc Urządzenie elektryczne do wiercenia i kotwienia
CN109306691B (zh) * 2018-09-11 2020-09-01 合肥工业大学 一种自调节可视精准动力触探装置
CA3111771A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Cell Impact Ab A method and an apparatus for material forming and/or cutting

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995002093A2 (en) * 1993-07-10 1995-01-19 Bsp Int Foundation Apparatus and method
WO1995002093A3 (en) * 1993-07-10 1995-03-16 Bsp Int Foundation Apparatus and method
AU687838B2 (en) * 1993-07-10 1998-03-05 Barry Campling Apparatus and method
US6000477A (en) * 1993-07-10 1999-12-14 Barry Campling Apparatus for applying additional momentum
US6427987B1 (en) * 1993-07-10 2002-08-06 Barry Campling Radially compressed elastic rope
EP2963184A1 (de) * 2014-07-04 2016-01-06 Sol Solution Schwerer dynamischer penetrometer, und methode zum bestimmen der fallhöhe eines hammers, der zu diesem penetrometer gehört
FR3023374A1 (fr) * 2014-07-04 2016-01-08 Sol Solution Penetrometre dynamique lourd et methode pour determiner la hauteur de chute d'un marteau appartenant a un tel penetrometre
US9719903B2 (en) 2014-07-04 2017-08-01 Sol Solution Heavy dynamic penetrometer and method for determining the fall height of a hammer belonging to such a penetrometer
CN109610511A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-12 黄夏羿 跨海水中悬浮高铁隧道结构、建造及其控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2601397B1 (fr) 1989-07-28
FR2601397A1 (fr) 1988-01-15
US4844661A (en) 1989-07-04

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