EP0252071A1 - Dispositif analogue a une etiquette et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Dispositif analogue a une etiquette et son procede de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP0252071A1
EP0252071A1 EP19850901966 EP85901966A EP0252071A1 EP 0252071 A1 EP0252071 A1 EP 0252071A1 EP 19850901966 EP19850901966 EP 19850901966 EP 85901966 A EP85901966 A EP 85901966A EP 0252071 A1 EP0252071 A1 EP 0252071A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonance
label
conductor
field
label according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850901966
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Max E. Reeb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REEB Max E
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0252071A1 publication Critical patent/EP0252071A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/242—Tag deactivation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2431—Tag circuit details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G08B13/2442—Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a label-like structure which can be attached to an object and has at least one closed resonance circuit or a resonance element which can be recognized by a detection system by means of a high-frequency electromagnetic field, so that the structure can be used as a security label against theft of goods , as well as a process for its production.
  • identification arrangements designed as label-like structures are known in the form of solid-state structures that can be attached to an object and that chain as security sets
  • a Painauscorns- and security tag of the type described above which has a paper-like texture, for single application is provided un 'd from a customer and a checkout section and at which preferred wise only a Section, ie the customer or till section is provided with a resonant element.
  • a suitable perforation is provided between the customer and checkout sections, which enables the label to be separated into the customer and checkout sections.
  • goods and price data stored on the label thus secured are entered by means of an Ein! entered into the cash register and registered there. Then, for example, the customer section is punched through at a suitable point, as a result of which the resonance element located inside the customer section is rendered ineffective. This is devalued insofar as the section of the label treated in this way starts from known control! can no longer be recognized and reported.
  • DE-PS 31 43 208 (WO 83/01697) and DE-OS 32 21 500 (WO 83/04448) already describe various embodiments of a label-like identification arrangement which contains an electrical component as an essential part , which represents a parallel resonance circuit with a high field coupling and is formed from an inductive element and a capacitive element, the latter also being able to be formed at least in part along the inductive structure in the manner of a strip line.
  • an essential task of the invention is to improve the detectability of the label-like structure by the detection system so that only properly paid goods can be brought through the detection system without a signal being generated by the detection system.
  • the label can be canceled by the fact that the resonance element can be changed or rendered inoperable with regard to its resonance properties in such a way that it cannot be recognized by the detection system.
  • Another important object of the invention is to produce the above-described label suitable for single use in such a way that the function of a security label and a goods label, in particular a cash register label, is integrally combined in the label.
  • the label-like structure according to the invention has resonance properties which, in the course of handling such labels, e.g. as goods labeling labels - invisible and irreversibly changeable.
  • the labels according to the invention can e.g. "devalued" in the immediate vicinity of the till - integrated into the entire sales process of the goods.
  • the labels can also be used as disposable labels in the goods, e.g. be firmly incorporated into garments.
  • the label is designed in such a way that folding along the perforation line, predetermined folding line or the like running through the customer section is only possible if at least the checkout section, possibly also an inventory section and / or further sections have been separated from the customer section, and that the normal handling of the label at the checkout brings about the devaluation in that, after the label has been divided into customer and non-customer sections, the two fields of the customer section are unfolded. Cut along said perforation line, predetermined crease line or the like. causes a magnetic coupling of the resonance field with the cancellation field, which results in the desired change in the resonance properties 05 of the structure.
  • the device in the cancellation field the fixed magnetic coupling with the resonance field-d of which causes a change in the resonance properties, is simple.
  • 10th case a closed metal surface.
  • it can also consist of one or more short-circuit windings, which are preferably arranged concentrically in the cancellation field, or else can be formed by a second resonance circuit with suitable properties
  • the device in the cancellation field is formed by part of the resonance element itself, ie ** • ** 'the resonance element extends both in the resonance field as well as in the devaluation field of the customer section and both parts are separated by a perforation line, should never knickl or the like. divided.
  • the resonance element is designed in such a way that when the part of the resonance element located in the cancellation field is folded over onto the remaining part of the resonance element in the resonance field, the previously existing resonance properties and field coupling properties are changed such that a detection and Notification of a customer section properly handled at the checkout by known control 1! aging is no longer possible.
  • the label-like structure is designed such that it has the function of an advertising medium, the function of a product-specific marking, the
  • Function of a security label the function of a goods labeling label, consisting of at least one customer and a cash register section, as well as the function of an inventory data carrier can be integrated integrally, all functions being able to be performed in such a way that the required data is provided in a suitable place on the label-like structure - 1 are.
  • the inventive label-type structure is insbeson * wider than markup data carrier for use inner ⁇ semi backup and Kontrol 1 to! can be used, in particular within security systems to prevent the theft of goods exhibited for sale. In this form of application, it is particularly suitable for use in the fashion sector. With appropriate training, it can also be used in object security systems, document security systems, access control systems, event control systems (eg parking systems), data security systems and Er! aubni skontrol 1 systems. Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure according to the invention in the form of a hanging label, attached to an object and viewed from the front;
  • FIG. 2 shows a structure according to the invention in the form of a hanging label, attached to an object and seen from behind;
  • Fig. 5 a customer section of such a label before the cancellation and delivery to the customer, outside / front;
  • Fig. 6 shows a customer section of such a label before
  • Fig. 7 shows a customer section of such a label according to the
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a label and its handling in the course of a subsequent labeling of the price of the goods to which it is attached;
  • Fig. 9 is a part of a label of the invention, here frame section customers with resonant circuit 'in resonance field and electrically conductive shorting patch in Entêts ⁇ ;
  • FIG. 10 shows part of a label according to the invention, here: customer section with resonance circuit in the resonance field and short-circuit turns in the cancellation field;
  • FIG. 11 is a part of a label according to the invention, here:
  • FIG. 12 shows part of a label according to the invention, here: customer section with a resonance circuit, which is designed such that the flat resonance circuit capacitor is designed exclusively in the cancellation field and the resonance circuit inductance is carried out exclusively in the resonance field;
  • FIG. 13 shows part of a label according to the invention, here: customer section with a resonant circuit, which is designed such that part of the resonant circuit inductance is formed by conductor tracks which extend in the devaluation field; 14 shows a part of a label according to the invention, here: customer section with a resonance circuit, which is designed such that both part of the resonance circuit inductance and an areally designed resonance circuit capacitor are arranged in the cancellation field;
  • FIG. 15 shows part of a label according to the invention, here: customer section with a resonance circuit in the resonance field and a second resonance circuit in the cancellation field;
  • 16 shows a spatial view of the production of many labels according to the invention in endless succession by folding a production line
  • FIG. 17 is the production vie dimensional view 'ler Invention * according labels in endless Anei nanderfol ge by folding a production path;
  • FIG. 18 shows a spatial view of the production of many labels according to the invention in endless succession by precisely fitting illumination of two individual production lines, preferably including feed materials;
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the illumination station according to FIG. 18 for precisely fitting illumination and guiding of two production lines to be connected, preferably including feed materials;
  • Fig. 20 in a spatial view, the production of two individual
  • FIG. 21 shows a schematic illustration of an inline process which feeds a capacitor di el ek-tri kum with suitable properties as one of the two feed materials according to FIG. 18 or FIG. 19 into the II 1 amination station;
  • 22 shows a schematic illustration of the connection of conductor tracks which are assigned to different production tracks, directly with one another in an electrically conductive manner
  • FIG. 23 shows a schematic illustration of the connection of conductor tracks which are assigned to different production tracks by means of an electrically conductive, strip-shaped contact material which is particularly — preferably endless — to be supplied;
  • FIG. 24 shows the top view of the resonance structure of a label according to the invention, produced from two conductor track structures assigned to different production carriers, these conductor track structures being connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by a contact element according to the invention;
  • FIG. 26 is a sectional view through the structure according to FIG. 25;
  • Figure 27 is a schematic Veranschaul chu i 'ng the manufacture of the contacting element according to Fig 24 in pairs in each case adorbi Varies consecutive form (dual-line-in-production)..;
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic illustration of the preparation of the contacting element of FIG individually (ung singl ei n-1 i ne '-Herstell) in each uniform shape 24;
  • 29 shows a simple embodiment of the label according to the invention, which can be used as a customer section as a whole and which alternatively permits validation either by folding along a crease line or by cutting into two sections along a perforation line which is identical to the crease line;
  • FIG. 30 shows a resonance structure of a label according to the invention with two resonance frequencies and a variable-state component as a connection between an upper and a lower covering of a strip line;
  • FIG. 31 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the resonance structure according to FIG.
  • 35 shows a schematic view of the thread-like shut-off element
  • FIG. 36 shows a representation to illustrate the introduction of a thread-shaped shut-off element into a label according to the invention such that the shut-off element forms a loop in the label after completion of the label;
  • 39 shows a schematic representation of the connection of contact surfaces which are assigned to different carrier material tracks with a thread-like or band-shaped shutdown element; 40 shows a label according to the invention with two resonance frequencies and a band-shaped shutdown produced by folding! ement;
  • 41 shows a switch-off element according to the invention, as can be produced by folding and stamping an endless strip
  • 43 shows a schematic representation of the connection of contact surfaces, which are assigned to different carriers of the aterial path, with a switch-off element according to the invention, produced by folding and stamping;
  • Fig. 46 shows an RF transformer, each with two loopy conductor structures as closed field circuits;
  • Fig. 47 shows an RF transformer with three Schli gene
  • Fig. 48 shows an RF transformer, each with two loopy conductor structures as a closed field current circuit in an essentially round design
  • 49 shows a schematic representation of the continuity of magnetic far fields through closed field circuits
  • 50 shows a schematic illustration of a label according to the invention with a cancellation device which is also suitable for remote querying of the state of the open field resonance section of the label;
  • 51 shows a schematic view of a label according to the invention, consisting of an open field section and a closed field section with mutually different resonance frequencies;
  • FIG. 52 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the label according to the invention according to FIG. 51;
  • FIG. 53 shows a schematic view of a label according to the invention, consisting of an open field section with two resonance frequencies and a closed field section with a third, not identical resonance frequency;
  • FIG. 54 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the label according to the invention according to FIG. 53;
  • FIG. 55 is a sch 'emati see view of a Eti ⁇ briquettes according to the invention, as it is particularly suitable for incorporation into textile goods;
  • FIG. 56 shows a schematic illustration of two positional states of the label according to the invention according to FIG. 55, in which it can be recognized and invalidated in equal measure;
  • FIG. 58 shows a schematic view of a label according to the invention, consisting of two wings, one part of a foldable HF transformer and an open field resonance circuit, the other remaining parts of a foldable HF transformer as components of a closed field resonance circuit;
  • FIG. 61 shows a schematic illustration of an operating device for a hand-held device according to FIG. 60;
  • FIG. 62 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a hand-held device which contains a primary winding of an HF transformer and a reading device;
  • Fig. 63 is a schematic representation of an operating device for. 62, which enables the operation of such a handheld device in conjunction with an electronic cash register, and
  • Fi g. 65 is a schematic illustration of various training forms of the HF transformer which are particularly advantageous in practice
  • Fig. 66 is a schematic representation of a first fixed
  • 67 is a schematic representation of a substantially round closed field resonance circuit
  • FIG. 69 shows a schematic representation of a magnetically conductive cover of a conductor track structure in a devaluation device
  • 70 is a schematic representation of a label according to the invention, the conductor tracks of which are arranged on the top and bottom of a full-length dielectric film
  • FIG. 71 shows a schematic representation of an open field circuit with partial closed field properties, this open field circuit temporarily adopting exclusively closed field properties by approximation of a closed field circuit and a short circuit mask 72 is a visual view of single-field labels according to the invention. which are designed according to the principles illustrated in FIG. 71
  • 73 shows a schematic view of the upper side of single-field labels according to the invention and of a second stationary cancellation device in connection with a fully automated cash register
  • 75 is a schematic view of a label according to the invention, which permits the correct detection of a correct cancellation
  • the wing 8 represents a so-called POS (oint £ f S_ale) section, which fulfills special functions such as those of from the first labeling of the goods until they are sold or are necessary.
  • the wing 8 consists of at least two sections 9 and 10, the section 9 can be used as an inventory section, for example, insofar as it mainly fulfills functions as are required by automated storage, and the certain sections 10 can be an example used as a cash portion to the extent that he mostly used for indo I * functi ons met, as they are in the course of a streamlined Kassen ⁇ including a rational Preisaus ⁇ drawing requires process.
  • this longitudinal perforation / kink i never 12 is designed in such a way that it allows the label i to be divided into the two wings / sections 2 and 8 in such a way that it is not damaged during this division, in particular special not to be torn down.
  • the label also has two perforation / crease lines 7 and 11 which are offset in height and each end at line 12.
  • the perforation / buckling line 7 never divides the customer section 2 into a so-called resonance field or a resonance section 3 and into a so-called cancellation field or a cancellation section 4, and the perforation line 11 in the form of a separation ⁇ line the POS section 8 into the already mentioned sections 9 and 10, functioning as an inventory and cash register section.
  • the main line 7 is designed so that it allows the sections 3 and 4 to be unfolded after the label 1 has been divided into two separate sections 2 and 8 with the lowest possible restoring moments.
  • the line 11 is designed so that it is easy to split the sections 9 and 10 after cutting the label
  • a preferred embodiment of a label 1 according to the invention is shown, which is in the wing
  • the resonance section 3 contains a planar resonance arrangement 5 which, under certain conditions, allows the label 1 or the customer section 2 to be recognized by means of known detection devices.
  • the devaluation section 4 contains, analogously, a planar devaluation arrangement 6, which can be used to change certain resonance properties of the resonance arrangement 5, so that under certain conditions the label 1 or the customer section 2 cannot be recognized by means of known detection devices is more possible.
  • 1 further shows that the customer section 2 has a so-called assignment text field 17, which is arranged, for example, pointing inwards, and which partially covers the resonance element 5 arranged in the resonance section 3.
  • the customer section 2 also has a field 20, which can be filled with advertising printing, for example; the perforation line 7 breaks this field in the middle.
  • This field can also be designed together with the field 19 on the POS section 8, ie the fields 19 and 20 can extend across the entire inner side of the label via the longitudinal perforation / crease line 12 stretch uniformly.
  • the fields 19 and 20 can in any case also be carried out individually in themselves, fulfilling the same or related functions.
  • the field 20 of the customer section 2 is - preferably extending to the outer edge and to the line 12 - covered with a transparent adhesive layer 21, which has the property that it develops an adhesive force only against itself, but not or only to a very small extent compared to other substances.
  • the PO S. Section 8 bears the already mentioned field 19 pointing inwards, which generally only extends to the perforation line 11 if it is not printed / used together with the field 20 on the customer section, but here, for example, in rich line 12 is the same length as field 20 is shown.
  • the field 19 is in any case mainly on the section 10 of the wing 8 of the label 1.
  • the section 9 also assigned to this wing 8 bears a further field 18, which is preferably for receiving product-specific advertising characters, for example in the form of a product-specific self-adhesive sticker. However, it can also be used to perform POS functions, for example in connection with the checkout or purchase process.
  • the P.O.S. Section 8 can additionally be printed on the inside in an area which overlaps when being folded along line 12 with the field 20 of section 8, with an adhesive resist 16, which does not appear visibly, to the adhesive layer 21, as a result of which the self-adhesion of the sections 2 and 8 to one another in the region of the adhesive layer 21 is reduced to a minimum. This can make it easier for the label to open itself.
  • the longitudinal perforation 28 is explained with reference to FIG. 2, which exemplifies the design of the outside of a label according to the invention.
  • this field 24 is provided for storing machine-readable coded data, which primarily uniquely identify the article / object to be labeled.
  • this field is T-shaped here, although this is usually not necessary in practice. It is more important that this field covers both sections 9 and 10 extends, and in the simplest case either along the perforation line 11 or the perforation line 28.
  • this field 24 can indeed be T-shaped, but not all "branches" of this field have to be used for data storage be used. Such a design accommodates the universal applicability of such labels.
  • Magnetic coding is possible, for example, in that either a magnetized or a magnetizable film is applied in the fields 9e and 10e and / or 25, or in that a magnetizable print already provided during the production of the label is applied in these Fields is suitably magnetized.
  • the perforation lines 11 and 28 divide the fields 9e, 10e and / or 25 provided for the machine-readable data in the center.
  • the label can be resolved along all perforations without losing the legibility of such data and their unambiguous assignment between different sections by corresponding data fields and, if necessary, data carriers attached to it are also divided when dividing along perforation lines.
  • Such a division of suitable data carriers e.g. It can be relieved that such data carriers also have a central perforation or perforation.
  • the design of this detail does not restrict the use of the label and is therefore not explained further.
  • An optical bar code is given as an example of a "divisible" code.
  • Magnetic coding too can be compared with a bar code and allows a division of data carriers and label fields carrying them in a simple manner.
  • the fields 9e, 10e and / or 25 are so wide that after dividing these fields along perforation lines 28 and / or 11, the remaining partial fields are still sufficiently wide for a trouble-free reading of data on each individual part of the resolved label yet to enable
  • the purchaser carries out the automatic labeling of the goods by inserting the label - if it is not available endlessly, with several similar contiguously and resolvable into individual labels - in a labeling printer, which is first read out by machine in the machine-coded data Fields 9e, 10e or 25 captures the article to be marked and then this article receives the currently current article and price information by reading ren impression in the fields 9a, 10a and 4a assigned.
  • the markup printer can be connected to a suitable calculation computer which carries out the automatic inventory in real time and thus appropriately manages corresponding data records for each article.
  • the function of the field 10d corresponds to that of the field 17 on the customer section, in that it contains explanations which can be read line by line in plain text and which clearly / conceptually characterize / describe the entries in the adjacent fields 9a and 10a line by line.
  • This field can thus contain, for example in the direction of arrow 31, successively pre-printed explanations "article”, “size”, “color / type”, “price”, “sales price”, "cash register number” and "cash register date”. If this label is only used on a certain labeling system, the corresponding designations are pre-printed in the field lOd - as well as in field 17 - when the label is being produced. According to FIG. 1, there are corresponding assignment text fields 17 and 10d on customer and P.O.S. - Section on different sides of the label.
  • the extent edited label remains somi ⁇ t to the award in a known manner on to be sold subject.
  • the pulling out of the hanging hole can be made more difficult by a suitably sealed hole reinforcement strip 15, as is shown in FIG. 2, for example is indicated on the outside of the customer section 2.
  • the label is detached from the goods during the purchase process. Then the machine-coded data are either read into the cash register using known hand-held readers, or the label is immediately entered into a suitable cash register system which carries out this reading internally.
  • a registration impression 9b, 10b and 4b can now be made, which the cash register carries out.
  • the field 9b can be provided with a shortened registration impression, provided that the section 9 is the inventory section. For example, it is also possible to print only a marking as to whether the article has been sold regularly, in the first or second special sales stage, as is desirable for the storage or reordering of the article.
  • the field 9c can be used in a similar manner for storing
  • Origin indicators are used, e.g. Complete the brand information on the rear panel 18 of section 9. This can deal with complaints, e.g. make it much easier.
  • a relatively large trademark in the rear field 18 can also allow a particularly simplified sorting of inventory sections according to different origin suppliers. It can therefore perform the dual function of brand advertising and simple brand identification.
  • the sales price, the cash register number and the cash register date and time can generally be printed in field 10b.
  • the same impression is duplicated in field 4b.
  • field 4b is larger. leads as the field 10b.
  • This can be useful if, for example, in addition to the registration print on customer section 2 in field 4b, a so-called customer service text is to be printed, such as "Thank you! Appropriately, such is carried out immediately after the registration print, so that no special positioning of the label is necessary for this process.
  • the fields 10c on the P .O.S. section and 4c on the customer section can be used in a similar manner to note handwritten entries, for example in the event of necessary changes to the object of purchase, to preclude an exchange or the like.
  • the cancellation section 4 is folded along the fold / perforation line 7 onto the resonance section 3 of the customer section 2, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the label on the outside of the label is Existing data fields 4a and 4b of the customer are assigned to the assignment text field 17, that is to say after the refolding has taken place, the respective explanation of the data appears in the correct order line by line, which now appears in the extension of the individual lines of the assignment text in the data fields 4a and 4b.
  • a customer section handled in this way thus also complies with the statutory labeling provisions and allows the customer to easily check the checkout process or also exchange the article.
  • the resonance structure 5 contained in the resonance section is coupled with the devaluation structure 6 contained in the devaluation section 6 in such a way that a detection of such a properly treated customer section by means of known alarm systems no longer possible, ie that the label - more precisely: the customer section - is inevitably "devalued" in the course of proper handling. If the goods are stolen with a label that has not been properly treated before, the entire label is recognized by the resonance structure 5 in the customer section by known alarm systems.
  • the field 22 on the outside of the resonance field 3 of the customer section 2 preferably bears an area-filling advertising emblem 23 of the sales transaction, as a result of which the term “sales transaction” is advantageously memorized by the customer.
  • the customer section also provides an advertising function beyond the time of purchase.
  • the function of the label was described up to the time of the regular sale of the goods.
  • the label according to the invention also advantageously fulfills further functions when a second or third award for the sales item - for example when declaring a final sale - is required. 8 illustrates this. Accordingly, an edge strip 32 or 33 (34) is removed from the label along the perforation 28 and carries, as described at the beginning, machine-readable data which uniquely identify the article.
  • this detached data strip is transported to a post-marking device.
  • the identity of the object is read out with the aid of a suitable reading device - for example known optical or magnetic hand-held readers - or some other suitable reading device (for example if data is stored in the form of perforation patterns), whereupon the post-marking device creates a self-adhesive label 80, which thus ' is large that it fits in the field 4d of the customer section.
  • a suitable reading device for example known optical or magnetic hand-held readers - or some other suitable reading device (for example if data is stored in the form of perforation patterns)
  • the post-marking device creates a self-adhesive label 80, which thus ' is large that it fits in the field 4d of the customer section.
  • it can preferably be in a striking basic color.
  • This self-adhesive label bears a new field 4A which replaces the old data field 4a of the customer section 2, in addition, if necessary, further identifications, for example a reference 81 to the type of sale (for example WSV) or an additional, particularly striking explanation 82 of the new price that replaces the old price.
  • this label can additionally also carry the date and time of its manufacture, which is not explained further in FIG. 8. In any case, is on a readable print of the article code is printed on this adhesive label, so that an unambiguous assignment to the associated label and thus to the associated object is possible.
  • At least the data field 10a of the till section also contains the article code in plain text, provided that it is not already stored in this form in the fields 9e, 10e.
  • 8 illustrates an example in which the code which can be read in plain text is stored redundantly with respect to the perforation line 28 in these fields, ie it is located both on the removable edge strips 32 and 33 (34) and on that on the POS section 8 of the label remaining strips of the fields 9e and 10e.
  • the adhesive label 80 is produced either on a sheet or on a roll, i.e. a plurality of such labels can be arranged on an arc-shaped or ribbon-shaped separating carrier from which the adhesive layer and thus the adhesive labels can be easily removed. These details regarding the handling of such adhesive labels are assumed to be known and are not described in more detail here.
  • the replacement data field 4A thus created is thus created on the adhesive label with the function of a data carrier.
  • This data carrier 80 is then transported back to the goods and fastened in the field 4d of the customer section 2 of the label so that the old labeling data 4a are replaced by the new 4A.
  • the Registration impression of the cash register can include a special identifier 83 which uniquely identifies this particular sales process and is either entered equally in all data fields 4b, 9b and 10b or in particular in data field 9b, as a result of which the warehouse administration sells the object can be communicated on the basis of a second award, provided that the section of the label which bears the field 9b is supplied to the warehouse management for evaluation as an inventory section.
  • Figure 8 shows yet the customer * section, as he is called upon on the occasion of a sale of goods which were nachausge #2, after registration the customer will be given by the cashier and conclusion of the sales process; the back of this section is, as shown in FIG. 5, provided with advertising printing of the sales business, for example a house emblem 23.
  • Using further data-bearing edge sections 32 (34), such a re-marking can be repeated once or twice more, in each case by assigning a new label 80 with a new data field 4A to label 1.
  • the label according to the invention thus also has the advantage that goods for the purpose of Umprei solution / Auszei change of movement and must be removed from the exhibition location.
  • the clear assignment of new award data to the sales item is reliably guaranteed. It is irrelevant that the text assignment to the price impression in field 4a of the customer section is initially missing because it is on the back of the customer section before the checkout process, since in the case of a sale, the P .0. Section 8 in field 10a carries the same data as the customer section in field 4a, and the field lOd of the P .OS. Section provides a clear text assignment, so that in any case the legal price labeling requirements are satisfied.
  • the adhesive label 80 has a special assignment text 82 as a change label next to the field 4A, which also clearly identifies the new price.
  • the label according to the invention thus offers the further advantage that it also conceptually adequately characterizes the current price in accordance with legal regulations, in the course of any subsequent awards, in particular price changes.
  • the P.O. - Section 8 constructed in the same way as the customer section 2, only contains the P .0. In contrast to the customer section, the S. section does not contain any electrically effective equipment as described below.
  • the underside / outside of the customer section 2 (and thus the label) consists of a paper-like wrapping material 35 which faces inwards with an adhesive layer 37, preferably with the properties of a mirror. layer that is covered. Pointing outwards, this wrapping material carries those fields that are already known from FIG. 5 or FIG. 2.
  • the top / inside of the customer section 2 (and thus the label) likewise consists of a paper-like wrapping material 36, which is covered inwards with an adhesive layer 38, preferably with the properties of a seal. Inwards, ie to the, viewer wei ⁇ send wearing this covering material those fields that are already known from Fig. 6 and Fig. 1,.
  • the two envelope materials need not necessarily be one and the same material.
  • the type of production of the label or special application requirements can certainly require the use of different materials 35 and 36.
  • the adhesive / sealing layers 37 and 38 have properties which enable a particularly firm and inseparable connection of these two layers to one another and thus to the enveloping materials.
  • the identifiers 39 and 40 denote planarly designed conductor tracks. For the sake of simplicity, such conductor tracks are also shown in the form of a line. In practice, however, these conductor tracks are made approximately in the manner known from the technology of the production of printed circuits. This means that such conductor tracks - at least those that are mainly used only to build an inductor - are in practice 0.3 ... 3 mm wide in the plane of the customer section 2, but relatively thin perpendicular to this plane, approximately in a thickness range of 1
  • the line-shaped representation is therefore not intended to mean any restriction, but merely to contribute to a simple and clear design of the figures.
  • the conductor tracks 39 and 40 like all the other conductive coverings connected therewith, are made of an electrically highly conductive material, that is to say, for example, of copper, but preferably of highly soft aluminum.
  • the conductor track structure 39 comprises essentially rectangular to square, spiral-shaped conductor tracks which have the special property that they have other conductor tracks 40 in a more or less extended zone 41 - as seen by the viewer
  • the conductor track structure 40 comprises essentially rectangular to square, spiral-shaped conductor tracks which have the special property that they have the conductor tracks 39 in the same more or less extended zone 41, as seen by the viewer
  • the conductor track structure 39 can be referred to as the “upper” (closer to the viewer) or “inner” (conductor path facing the inside of the label 1). Analogously, it makes sense to consider the conductor track structure 40 as assigned to the covering material 35 on which it is attached by means of the adhesive layer
  • the conductor track structure 40 are referred to as the "lower” or “outer” conductor track structure.
  • point 42 identifies a fictitious point which is common to both conductor track structures 39 and 40 insofar as one has to imagine them connected at this point. How such a connection is carried out technically is also explained later. In this respect, point 42 is to be understood as the starting point from which intersecting (lower)
  • Conductor tracks 40 and intersecting (upper) conductive tracks 39 in the opposite direction of rotation are interlaced up to the metal coverings 43 and 44. This arrangement ensures that the resulting inductive structure builds up an inductance based on physical laws, which corresponds approximately to four times the inductance of an individually considered conductor track structure 39 or 40, provided that the partial inductances of these two structures are approximately the same.
  • These two coverings preferably have different dimensions in such a way that one overlaps the other mainly in a projecting manner.
  • These coverings are preferably integrally connected to the conductor track structures 39 or 40, i.e. there are no special contact points between the conductor tracks
  • the metal coverings 43 and 44 therefore generally have the same thickness as the conductor tracks 39 and
  • the dielectric layer 45 has suitable material Properties, in particular with regard to the dielectric displacement and the dielectric losses, as well as a certain thickness, which, in cooperation with the metal linings 43 and 44, result in a desired capacitance.
  • this layer 45 does not extend over the entire area of section 3, but extends essentially only in the area of capacitive-acting metal coverings and, moreover, only to the extent that it also contains the mutual insulation of crossing conductor tracks of the conductor track structures 39 and 40 performs as illustrated in zone 41. Zone 41 can also be broken down into several zones.
  • the components 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 form a parallel resonance circuit s, which functions as a f1-shaped resonance element 5 in the resonance section 3 and allows the detection of the customer section 2 by means of known alarm systems in a contactless manner.
  • the cancellation element 6 in the cancellation section 4 of the customer section 2 consists of a flat, electrically conductive metal layer 46. It can be made of the same material with the same material thickness as the conductor track structure 39 and 40 or the capacitor linings 43 and 44, or else be made of another, sufficiently electrically conductive material.
  • the metal surface 46 ie the devaluation section 4
  • the devaluation section 4 is in a plane with the resonance section 3 or at least an angle ⁇ between the devaluation section 4 and the resonance section 3 is greater than 120 - this state is inevitable as long as the label has not yet been used has been broken down into sections 2 and 8, cf. Fig. 3 -
  • the The resonance properties of the resonance circuit are only slightly influenced by the cancellation section. This is due to the fact that lines of an external magnetic field evade due to eddy current-induced mutual induction in the metal surface 46 of this metal surface, and are deflected partly in the direction of the interior of the resonance circuit, partly in the opposite direction, at least into areas outside the metal surface.
  • Magnetic field lines which arise when the resonance circuit is excited by an external magnetic field of a suitable frequency, are influenced to such a small extent in such a configuration that detection of such field lines caused by resonant mutual induction is also possible from a large distance, ie an alarm triggering is reliably enabled by a label in the configuration described.
  • the resonant circuit is additionally burdened so strongly by transformer coupling, i.e. dampens that the natural field lines of the resonance circuit can no longer be determined at a greater distance when resonance is excited. This means that such a changed structure can no longer trigger known alarm systems.
  • the smallest possible cancellation section 4 is desirable.
  • the smallest possible dimensions are achievable, if by suitable coordination with the geometry of the resonance circuit ensures that the metal surface 46 fills section 4 as far as possible over the entire width, if dimension 49 is additionally selected so that it is equal to or not much greater than the distance of the outermost conductor track running parallel to the nick line 7 of the conductor track formation 40 to the crease line 7, and if the dimension 48 is chosen so large that after folding the section 4 onto the section 3 it comes to lie within the dimension 47, which is the clear distance of the outer contour of the larger of the two Capacitor linings 43 and 44 - here 44 - describes the bend line 7.
  • Adequate damping of the resonant circuit i.e. A sufficient devaluation of the customer section 2 so that it can no longer be recognized by known alarm systems is possible by means of a small devaluation section in terms of area if, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the capacitive pads 43 and 44 of the resonance element 5 with respect to the fold line 7 so that they are in an imaginary through! light projection are outside of the superimposed conductor surface 46, i.e. measure 47 is in no way smaller than measure 48. Since the metal coverings 43 and 44 themselves cause damping of the resonance circuit by eddy inductances, in this case these metal coverings are magnetically coupled to the metal surface 46 in the cancellation section 4, folded onto the resonance section 3, in such a way that they advantageously the
  • the conductor surface 46 need not necessarily be made of metal.
  • Printable conductive materials ie conductive lacquers or conductive pastes containing metal or soot, which can be printed over a wide area using known screen printing processes, for example, have also proven successful here. Since the interconnect structure stands 39 and 40, however, significantly lower specific Bahnwider ⁇ must have as the conductor surface 46 is in the interests of uniform as possible production this modification, engineering generally less interesting "because it is close, the conductor surface 46 together with the conductor path structures 39 and manufacture 40 in a single process.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a modified but very similar embodiment of the customer section.
  • the electrically conductive surface 46 in FIG. 9 is replaced by two self-contained short-circuit windings 50 and 51. If such short-circuit windings are produced from material of sufficient electrical conductivity, in practice a single short-circuit windings 50 that run as far as possible along the periphery of the devaluation section 4, ie, that cover the largest possible area, can suffice. Manufacturing techniques that allow simple manufacture of such labels by assigning conductor track structures 39 and 40 to one another also allow the manufacture and assignment of two such short-circuit windings 50 and 51 in the same simple manner, one of the upper, crossed conductor track structures 39 and the other the crossing below Conductor structure 40 can think associated. In practice, it has proven useful to design the short-circuit turn 51 which is arranged concentrically within the outer short-circuit turns 50 such that it covers approximately 50% of the area which the outer short-circuit turn
  • FIG. 11 shows a further preferred embodiment of the customer section 2.
  • the fictitious connection point 42 between an upper 39 and lower 40 conductor track structure is missing, so that no contact of electrical conductors with one another is required even in the production of such a label .
  • the customer section 2 according to FIG. 11 has, instead of the connection point 42, a second capacitor 65, the capacitance of which, in accordance with known physical laws, in conjunction with the capacitance of the
  • Capacitor 64 the effective resonance circuit skapa- builds up. While the capacitor 64 consists of already known components 43, 44 and 45 in the resonance section 3 of the label section 2, the second capacitor 65 analogously consists of an upper metal coating 60, a lower metal coating 61 and one inserted between these two metal coatings Dielectric 62. Dielectric 62 may have other properties than dielectric 45 or may also consist of an identical material. Just as little as the dielectric 45, the dielectric 62 does not have to fill the entire section 4; rather, it can be designed in terms of its areal extension, as is necessary for producing the capacitor 65.
  • the dielectric can also be formed by suitably providing all conductor tracks and thus also all metallic surfaces with a dielectric coating, and superimposed conductor track surfaces, i.e. also e.g. capacitive coatings, are insulated from each other by these dielectric layers.
  • special precautions can be taken to ensure that no short-circuit connections can occur at locations where conductor tracks cross one another or occur in contours of superimposed conductor tracks. This will be done later. In this way, the formation of a required dielectric can be applied without restriction to all resonance structures dealt with in this document.
  • connection of the metal coverings 60 and 61 to the conductor tracks 39 and 40 is established in that the outermost conductor track 53 of the lower conductor track assembly 40, which runs towards the fold 7, is also connected to the lower capacitor surface 44 -with a flat conductor track 55 is connected, which extends on both sides of the crease / fold perforation line 7 to point 57 in sufficient length so that, despite the perforation of this conductor track 55, a very good electrical line transverse to the perforation line 7 is ensured.
  • Half of the conductor track 55 is thus in the resonance section 3, the other half in the cancellation section 4.
  • Analogous is the outermost conductor track 52 of the upper conductor track assembly 39, which never runs to the buckling / folding 7 - which also has the upper capacitor area
  • the conductor track 54 is therefore also half in the resonance section 3, half in the cancellation section 4.
  • the track sections 54 and 55 are connected in the cancellation section 3 by conductor tracks 58 and 59 to the upper capacitor cover 60 and the lower capacitor cover 61.
  • the electrically conductive structure thus consists of a lower conductor track structure, comprising the conductor tracks 40, 53, 55, 59 and the capacitor coatings
  • the capacitor 65 is designed or arranged with regard to its areal extension and its position in the devaluation section 4 such that it comes to rest mainly in the free interior 63 of the resonance circuit in the resonance section when the cancellation section 4 is folded onto the resonance section 3.
  • the capacitor 65 then - as a two-layer verified metal surface - fulfills the same function as the short-circuit surface 46 according to FIG. 9 or as the short-circuit windings 50 and 51 according to FIG. 10.
  • the capacitor 65 is therefore designed with larger metal areas than the capacitor 64.
  • the resonable structure extends in the two sections 3 and 4; from the point of view of uniform handling, however, section 3, which in this case only contains the inductive component of a resonance circuit in the form of essentially spiraling conductor tracks, is used as the resonance section, and section 4, which in this case mainly contains the contains the assigned capacitive component of a resonant circuit in the form of flat metal coverings, referred to as the devaluation section.
  • the capacitor 64 is used in analogy to the conductor area 46 in FIG. 9 with respect to the devaluation of the section 2.
  • the spiral-shaped conductor track structure which represents the resonance circuit inductance, is again represented here by a lower conductor path structure 40 and an upper conductor path structure 39, the zone of intersecting conductor paths preferably being resolved into two zones 41 .
  • FIG. 12 shows instead of the second capacitor 65 in the cancellation section, the only resonant circuit capacitor 64, here arranged in the cancellation section 4. As a result, a fictitious connection point 42 occurs again, which establishes an electrical connection between conductor tracks which are assigned to different levels.
  • the inductive structure in the resonance section 3 is generally spiral. In a preferred embodiment, it is carried out in a manner corresponding to that already shown in the figures. 9 to 11 explained. Accordingly, a lower conductor track structure can be seen, which consists of the spiraling conductor tracks 40 crossing other conductor tracks and to which the conductor track section 55, the conductor track section 59 and the lower capacitor covering 44 are connected in one piece via the outermost conductor track 53.
  • the upper conductor track structure comprises spirally running conductor tracks 39 crossing other conductor tracks, to which the conductor track piece 54, the conductor track piece 58 and the upper capacitor covering 43 are connected in one piece via the outermost conductor track 52.
  • connection point 42 does not have to be exactly where it is exemplarily arranged in FIG. 12. Rather, it can also lie at another location along the inductively acting conductor track structure. For production-technical reasons, however, when designing the label according to the invention according to FIG. 12, it may be sensible to arrange this point 42 somewhere along the conductor tracks which delimit the inner free space of the inductive structure. So it is not excluded that this point e.g. also lies in the area of the dielectric 45 if only the geometry of spirally nested, inductively acting conductor tracks is selected appropriately.
  • Figure 12 further illustrates that the dielectric 45, the capacitive metal coverings 43 and
  • the dielectric can be made as small as possible in terms of area, so that it is only present in the area of the capacitor coatings 43 and 44, and the insulation of crossing conductor tracks 39 and 40 can be covered by a special, preferably strip-shaped, covering the zones 41 Insulating material be made.
  • the dielectric 45 between the capacitively acting coatings 43 and 44 can be formed by uniform, dielectric coatings of the conductor tracks and thus also the conductor track surfaces which point towards one another, and an additional insulating material, preferably in the form of a strip, can be introduced , can then only be provided between conductor tracks where such intersect or occur in contours of superimposed conductor track surfaces.
  • this embodiment as well as all the other insulation techniques dealt with in this document can also be used, as already described in DE-PS 31 43 208 (WO 83/01697) and DE-OS 32 21 500.2 (WO 83/04448) have been described.
  • FIG. 12 also illustrates how, by means of an expedient configuration, preferably a conductor track lying outside in the resonance section 3, Chen-like design at a corner of section 3 - an additional reinforcement of a hanging hole against tearing out can be achieved by such a conductor track surface 66 is broken through by the hanging hole 14 and thus can support the function of a hole reinforcement tape 15, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the dielectric 45 should have only the smallest possible surface for manufacturing reasons - because it must be manufactured very precisely, for example, and therefore is expensive - if the "metal content" of such a label is to be as low as possible, and if the devaluation of section 2 is to be carried out not by a complete destruction of resonance properties but preferably by a shift in the resonance frequency so that eg correctly canceled sections from a suitable control 1! age can be recognized as devalued and observed.
  • the structure according to FIG. 13 is similar to that according to FIG. 9 as far as the structure in section 3 is concerned, but here, for example, outermost conductor tracks 52 and 53, which run towards the crease / fold line 7 and are part of an upper conductor track formation 39 - Connected to the upper capacitor layer 43 - or part of a lower conductor track structure 40 - connected to the lower capacitor layer 44 - are, via suitable, areal and along the fold / fold line 7, sufficiently long conductor track pieces 54a and 55a with an outer one , connected on the periphery of section 4 along the first loop-shaped conductor track 74, and furthermore outermost conductor tracks 72 and 73, which run towards the fold / fold line 7 and are here, by way of example, both components of an upper conductor track structure 39, via suitable, extensively and along the kink / fold line 7, sufficiently long conductors 70 and 71 with an inner one loop-shaped conductor track 75 in section 4, which is essentially running alongside the conductor track 74.
  • connection point 42 between an upper and a lower conductor track structure is arranged in FIG. 13 such that, for example, the outer loop-shaped conductor track 74 in the cancellation section 4 together with the outer conductor track pieces 54a and 55a integrally belong to a lower, the conductor track 53 comprising conductor track 40 in the resonance section 3, which is connected to the lower capacitor coating 44, and that for example the inner loop-shaped conductor track 75 in the cancellation section 4 together with the inner Conductor track pieces 70 and 71 form an integral part of an upper conductor track structure 39 in the resonance section 3, which includes the conductor tracks 52, 72 and 73. If such an assignment of described individual parts of the resonance structure to two different planes is not expedient or is expedient in some other way, the connection point 42 can also be arranged at a different location along inductively acting conductor tracks.
  • This embodiment of the label according to the invention allows - based on a certain detectability in a magnetic field of a certain, defined field density - the smallest possible configuration of section 2, because the cancellation section 4 is used very effectively for coupling the resonance structure to a stimulating magnetic field, ie, that section 2 thereby has the largest possible effective induction area.
  • the inductance of the resonance circuit is first considerably reduced by the fact that the coupling of the loops 74 and 75 to the inductive structure 39 and 40 in the non-folded state changes into a negative feedback in the folded state .
  • the resonance frequency is initially increased by this process postponed.
  • the quality of resonance is also reduced, since the quotient of total inductance / ohmic path resistance of the inductance is reduced. This can be used if, for example, devalued sections are to be observed with a detection system that only works with a discrete sampling / interrogation frequency.
  • Scattering of the resonance frequency which arises after the sections 3 and 4 have been folded and which can be attributed to inaccuracies or tolerances during the folding process can advantageously be compensated for by a reduced resonance quality by using a suitable ablation system even within certain, permissible tolerance bounds for the resonance frequency of folded sections 2 can in any case reliably detect such sections by the resonance curve of a properly folded section according to FIG. 13 no longer being as steeply flanked as that in the unfolded state.
  • the reduction in the quality of resonance during the cancellation process is advantageous in all applications in which, after the checkout, the goods are packed together with the customer section. It can thereby be achieved that customer sections lying next to such a packing table or carried past it, properly treated - for example together with purchased / paid goods in a plastic bag - do not erroneously trigger such near-field control systems.
  • FIG. 14 shows a further preferred embodiment of the label section 2. It is related to that in FIG. 12, but the embodiment according to FIG. 14 offers the advantage that a devaluation of the section 2 by properly folding the sections together 3 and 4 are essentially achieved by increasing the resonance frequency and not by destroying resonance properties. In principle, the roles of fields 3 and 4 according to FIG. 13 are reversed in FIG. 14.
  • the resonance circuit capacitor 64 consisting of a lower metal covering 44, an upper metal covering 43 and an interposed dielectric 45, is located together with occurring crossings of conductor tracks within a more or less extensive area 41 in the smaller cancellation section, namely together with conductor tracks, which build up part of the resonance circuit inductance.
  • Such an embodiment can also offer advantages in terms of production, since the dielectric can also be made with the smallest possible area. As will be shown later, this point of view can be essential for the cost-effective endless production of such labels.
  • the function of the conductor track sections 70a, 70b, 70c, 71a, 71b and 71c, which are never penetrated in the middle by the buckling / folding section 7, corresponds to that of the previously discussed conductor track sections 54 and 55 or 54a and 55a or 70 and 71.
  • its length along the line 7 is dimensioned sufficiently to ensure a perfect electrical line transverse to the kink line 7 from section 3 to section 4.
  • the electrical structure can also be resolved in this case into an upper and a lower conductor track structure.
  • an upper conductor track structure extends from this point 42 in one piece over the flat conductor track part 71a, which Conductor 52a, the conductor 73a, the flat conductor track part 70b, the loop-shaped conductor track 85, the flat conductor track part 71b, the conductor track 72a and other essentially spiraling conductor tracks 39 up to the upper capacitor covering 43, while a lower conductor track formation is monotonous opposite direction of rotation from point 42 in one piece over the larger part of the loop-shaped conductor track 84, the flat conductor track part 70a, the conductor track 53a, the conductor track 76, the flat conductor track part 71c, the loop-shaped conductor track 86, the flat conductor track part 70c , the conductor track 77 and other spiral conductor tracks 40 to the bottom eren capacitor covering 44 extends in section 4 of the label.
  • the inductance of the resonance structure decreases when sections 3 and 4 are folded together; the resonance quality is also reduced as a result.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 14 has all the other properties like the one according to FIG. 13.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 14 allows a simple manufacturing technology a further deposition of the resonance frequency in the folded state from the resonance frequency in the unfolded state than is usually possible in the embodiment according to FIG. 13 - with desirable dimensional relationships between section 3 and section 4.
  • the embodiment of the label according to the invention according to FIG. 14 can offer considerable advantages in terms of production technology in that the connection point 42 is laid in the section in which neither crossing conductor tracks nor precisely positioned capacitor coverings occur.
  • FIG. 15 shows a further preferred embodiment of the label according to the invention.
  • sections 3 and 4 it has two complete, not necessarily identical resonance elements 5a and 6a. Without restricting generality, they can each be carried out separately in one of the two sections, as has already been shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and has been explained in more detail in relation to FIG. 11.
  • Both separate resonance structures can in particular contain connection points 42 and 42a, whereby these can either be arranged on an imaginary line along the outer edge of section 2 or not linearly assigned to one another in sections 3 and 4.
  • the two resonance structures 5a and 6a can, but need not, be electrically connected through the crease / fold line 7.
  • FIG. 15 shows only the boundary contour of such a resonance element and the arrangement of capacitive components 43, 44 and 45 or corresponding 43a, 44a and 62 indicated.
  • a section 2 according to FIG. 15 is the simplest form of a two-circuit band filter, the resonance poles of which are changed on the one hand by changing the degree of coupling - possible within very wide limits by changing the spatial geometry in the course a folding process - and on the other hand by changing the eddy current load - can be influenced within very wide limits by the size, arrangement and position of the capacitor surfaces 43 and 44 and 43a and 44a before and after the folding of the
  • Sections 3 and 4 on each other - can be influenced within wide limits.
  • Folding along the crease / fold line 7 can be reached, provided that it is only ensured during the production of the label according to the invention that the crease line 7 is produced in a fixed dimensional reference for the arrangement of the resonance structures 5a and 6a in section 2. This is simple
  • capacitive pads 43 and 44 and 43a and 44a may be sized and arranged within resonance structures 5a and 6a or sections 3 and 6, respectively, so that after sections 3 and 4 are collapsed, they collide along the knees Do not cover the corner / fall line 7 at all or only partially.
  • 16 shows a way of producing labels according to the invention, which is particularly advantageous when many such labels are to be produced in the same shape, but with different, often changing external printing, where appropriate also an endless transport along the edges of such labels endlessly sequentially produced labels must be designed primarily according to changing needs of the user.
  • a sealing layer 101 is applied to a web-shaped production carrier 100, which has or fulfills the properties and function of the enveloping materials 35 and 36 according to FIG. 10, and which functions in an analogous manner to the functions of the sealing layers 37 and 38 Fig. 10 fulfilled; this seal is preferably controllable in its adhesion (affixation) under the selective action of heat and pressure.
  • the production line is first cut to the required processing width and provided with a one-sided, but preferably two-sided transport hole 102 on the edges, the edges ⁇ 2 of the finished rail that carry this perforation can be later removed by means of an endless perforation 103.
  • individual of these transport holes provided they come to lie on top of one another in the finished label, can later also perform the function of a hanging hole similar to the hole 14 according to FIG. 1.
  • the production line prepared in this way can already be - at least partially - pre-printed on the side that later points outwards, or otherwise pre-treated for the intended purpose.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the case of the structure according to FIG. 10 by way of example.
  • a one-piece circuit structure comprising parts 39, 40, 43, 44, 104 and 105 is positioned in a defined position relative to line 106 on the production path, which generally includes the middle of which coincides.
  • the parts 39 and 43 represent an "upper" conductor track structure analogous to FIG. 10, and the parts 40 and 44 represent a "lower" conductor track structure analogous to FIG. 10.
  • a larger short-circuit turn 50 and a smaller short-turn turn 51 are preferably simultaneously applied to the production line between the track edges and this one-piece conductor track structure in the middle of the track, with the turn 50, for example, an "upper" part of the resonance structure 39 and 43 and 104, the turn 51 can be assigned to a "lower” part of the resonance structure 40 and 44 and 105.
  • the schematic enlargement in FIG. 16 shows that the conductor tracks consist of at least one metal layer 107, which in special cases can be covered with a contour by a dielectric layer 108, the metal layer adhering directly to the sealing layer 101, ie the conductor tracks after they have been successfully made - When positioned upwards, they may initially be isolated. Depending on the type of production of the conductor tracks, the conductor tracks can also only be in the form of the metal layer 107.
  • a thin dielectric film 45 is applied to the production track and the conductor track structure thereon, preferably in the form of a strip, which is suitably pretreated to enable provisionally stable positioning on the production track and later an intimate one using pressure and heat Compound with the layer 107 and 108 and with the seal layer 101, as soon as the production line is then folded along the forced folding line 106 for this purpose so that the previous underside of the web points outward.
  • a suitable chemical activation of exposed surfaces of the production line can preferably be used before the application of the dielectric strip 45 and immediately before the folding up of the web.
  • perforations 109, 7, 11 and 12 are also indicated in FIG.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the production of labels according to the invention when the conductor track structures are produced from a dielectrically coated metal foil, so that only such an insulating coating 108 of conductor tracks is used as the capacitor dielectric.
  • the band-shaped filler material 111 which is applied to the production track before folding, only fulfills the function of an insulating tape between crossing conductor tracks in the crossover zone 41 and intersecting conductor track contours in the connection zone of the capacitor coverings 43 and 44 It can therefore be relatively narrow. 16, this function is also performed in regions 41 by the correspondingly wider capacitor dielectric 45. 17 makes it clear that the surface 110 of the dielectric layer 108 on conductor tracks is chemically pretreated to achieve firm adhesion to one another after folding under pressure and heat.
  • FIG. 17 also shows the continuous production according to the invention compared to one another in FIG. 16.
  • the exemplary embodiment of a short-circuit area 46 is also shown as an alternative to a short-circuit turn 50. For the rest, what has already been said about FIG. 16 applies to the remaining details.
  • 18 and 19 illustrate another type of manufacture of labels according to the invention, which is particularly advantageous when a large number of such labels in the same shape, preferably with - at least partially - always the same printing are to be produced, and Perforation at the edges of production lines for transport purposes can always be carried out in the same type and shape.
  • FIG. 19 is a side sectional view of part of FIG. 18 and in particular illustrates the routing of different materials.
  • the label shown in the production corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 10; Of course, all of the other embodiments described can also be produced analogously.
  • a "lower" production line 115 and an “upper” production line 116, both facing one another with a sealing layer 101 with controllable liability, are preferably fed continuously to a lamination station, which mainly consists of two lamination cylinders 117 and 118, between which the two production lines are joined both under controlled heating and under controlled pressure.
  • a lamination station which mainly consists of two lamination cylinders 117 and 118, between which the two production lines are joined both under controlled heating and under controlled pressure.
  • the two production lines were previously equipped with perforations along the edges after initially trimming the edge. It is shown that smaller traction holes 119 and larger free holes 120 alternate at equal center intervals along each boundary.
  • the holes are preferably arranged in a zigzag pattern one after the other on the tracks, that is to say as the track progresses, the next hole of a kind appears at the other track edge with the effect that free holes and traction holes are mutually opposite.
  • the holes occur along the track boundary mutually in pairs in the manner of "superimposed" step holes 121 by respectively the smaller traction • tion hole of a lane, the greater Frei ⁇ hole of the other production track masked.
  • the transport bumps 122 are matched on the one hand with regard to their shape and in particular with regard to their contour in the circumferential plane of the lamination cylinders to the inlet angles of the webs 115 and 116, the diameters of the cylinders 117 and 118 and the size of the traction holes 119 so that the Paths between the cylinders a "shoveling" of the transport bumps 122 in the transport holes 119 is possible without damaging them.
  • the countercavities 123 are designed so that there is no contact with the transport bumps 122 even then not if the cylinders are set against each other with a defined, controllable circumferential slip play; this is described below. As a rule, the cavities 123 therefore appear as elongated oval cutouts in the circumferential direction of the lamination cylinders.
  • the cylinders 117 and 118 are preferably designed as hollow cylinders, in the interior of which devices 124 can be provided which, depending on the structure of the lamination cylinders, in particular depending on their thermal conductivity, are used for cooling or heating the cylinders. Furthermore, outside the cylinders, devices 125 are shown in the circumferential direction of the cylinders, such as are suitable for the temporary heating of only a relatively thin surface layer of the cylinders immediately before contact with the production lines.
  • the devices 125 are designed as induction fields, which are fed with high-frequency energy and which control the metal surface of the cylinders with a very short and therefore precise bar - Allow response time / time constants to heat up.
  • the constant radiation losses are essentially compensated for by constant heat supply by means of the coaxially arranged lamps, while the heat transferred into the material tracks is inductively applied to a defined surface layer of the cylinders directly before contact with the production tracks becomes.
  • Cooling of such cylinders has proven to be expedient only in such cases when sealing materials are used as laminators which require a particularly nonuniform heat flow from the cylinders into the production lines up to the point in time of maximum pressure development, for example in order to flood and "float" Avoiding conductor track structures in that sealing materials are first activated without pressure at a higher temperature and then sealed to one another at reduced temperature under pressure. As a rule, cooling proves to be more difficult to control and can be avoided if only the surface quality of the production line under the sealing layer 101 is selected appropriately and the sealing layer itself is suitably applied, for example in the form of a grid coating.
  • An "exclusively hot" sealing and lamination station allows extremely high processing speeds.
  • the controlled heating of the surfaces of the cylinders is controlled by means 125 by means of suitable regulating means as a function of the web speed, the type of web materials used, etc. this is explained in more detail below.
  • 18 shows that on the "lower" production path (by means of sealing layer 101) a “lower” conductor path structure 40, 44 with 105a and 105b and a larger short-circuit turn 50, for example, and on the "upper" production path ( by means of the sealing layer 101) an "upper" conductor track structure 39, 43 with 104a or 104b and a smaller short-circuit turn 51, for example, is fixed.
  • a tape-shaped material 1 is further shown, which is tracked here via a tracking roller 127, by way of example, onto the lower production line immediately before its connection to the upper one in such a way that the finished laminate contains the non-overlapping conductor track pieces 104a and 105a each covered. If these conductor track pieces are designed as parts 104b and 105b, that is to say they overlap each other after the connection of the two production tracks, as is indicated by dashed lines in the track direction, this can normally be omitted from 1 material 126.
  • this filler material can be a thin metal strip, preferably by means of a perforation 128, which is expediently repeated in a fixed dimension with respect to the perforations 119 or 120, by means of engagement bumps 129 on the circumference the tracking roller 127 can be guided.
  • the tape 126 can also be replaced by a metal wire or a metal thread, which can be fed in a stable manner along the circumference of the tracking roller 127 by means of a suitably designed groove.
  • the position of the filler material is shown in the representation of the assembled resonance structure with the upper shell removed in FIG. 18 126 clarifies with regard to conductor track pieces 104a and 105a; this position is also present in the case of wire-shaped configuration of the filler material 126.
  • the second case of 1 material 134 which is tracked via the tracking roller 130, for example onto the upper production line immediately before its connection to the lower one, is generally a suitably pretreated dielectric material, i.e. around an insulating material that isolates intersecting conductor tracks from one another in the finished laminate and is preferably also used as a capacitor dielectric 45 between the conductor track surfaces 43 and 44.
  • the pretreatment of this material ensures a sufficiently firm adhesion on the conductor tracks and in particular on the sealing layers 101 after the lamination.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates in an exemplary manner two track prints 131 and 132 " on the back of the production lines 115 and 116, for example in the form of a progressively cyclically repeating bar code.
  • a print can either only be made in the area of the transport perforation - ie detachable from the later label - or also partially or entirely within the longitudinal perforations 103.
  • continuous scanning ie reading out such a marking when the web is moving, using the position reading devices 135 and 136 illustrated in FIG. 19 - preferably optical reading devices in the form of transmission or reflection light barriers.
  • Such a position control can also be carried out by optically querying the traction holes 119 contained in the perforations 121.
  • a light barrier 135, which, for example, monitors and "counts" a row of holes along an edge of the finished laminated web 134 (it can be a reflection or transmission light barrier!), Supplies one another at a constant web speed and evenly over time ⁇ the following holes, ie with an exact fit between the upper and lower web, a strictly periodic output signal (no sidebands!). However, if there are only slight mismatches between the two tracks in the longitudinal direction, traction holes 119 appear at non-uniform time intervals even at a constant track speed.
  • a periodicity modulation thus occurs, which effects a phase modulation of the output signal of such a light barrier.
  • measures were derived from this phase modulation for the mutual positioning of the lamination cylinders.
  • a second light barrier 136 is expediently used to read out the holes 121 along the other edge of the web, since the mutual offset of the traction holes then not only clearly indicates register errors of the web which caused it (and that is to say the lamination cylinder in question) ) allows to assign, but also enables easy control of the track constancy of the web.
  • both outputs of the light barriers 135 and 136 are continuously compared or added, a frequency doubling without modulation only occurring in the case of an exact fit and exact tracking.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 illustrate the formation of the two production lines 115 and 116 in such a way that they always have a "constantly high register accuracy" according to FIGS. 18 and 19, even without infinite lengths, without “shrinkage tolerance", ie without bubble or loop formation are connectable. It is shown that the two webs 115 and 116 only immediately before the lamination station according to FIG. 18 by dividing a single sheet 114 in the middle. This ensures that both tracks 115 and 116 always have the same dimensions at locations / longitudinal positions that correspond to one another. This is important if the web 114 is to be produced, for example, on a different production system and is to be agitated as an intermediate material - for example for the purpose of correspondingly different finished printing.
  • the two production lines 115 and 116 are first pre-processed and manufactured in one piece next to one another as a line 114.
  • the double-width web is thus not only equipped at the edges, but also along the center line 137 with transport holes 119 and free holes 120 in the manner already described.
  • a position coding in the manner of an endlessly continuous track can be printed on, preferably in the center, but not necessarily exactly symmetrical to the center line 137, for later optical register control, as is illustrated by variously indicated printing patterns 133a to 133d.
  • the sealing layer 101 On the top of the production line 114 is the sealing layer 101 and on this “upper” and “lower” conductor track structures are defined in zones of the later label wings 2; For the sake of clarity, such conductor track structures 139 and 140 are only identified as hatched areas and with regard to their outline contour.
  • the web 114 runs a driven one, preferably via a stepped deflection cylinder 141
  • Position of the drive torque allows the tension of the web 116 to be used between the cylinders 144 and 145 to be adjusted.
  • the web 116 is in the correct position after the turning cylinder 145 in order to be fed directly to the lamination station according to FIG. 19.
  • 20 further illustrates how a positioning code printed on the web 114 is cut with the web 114 into two parts 131 and 132, respectively, which correspond precisely with one another and which subsequently, in the manner already described, provide a highly precise coverage control and control of the Allow webs 115 and 116 on top of one another without web loops occurring in front of the lamination station due to unequal longitudinal distortions of webs 115 and 116.
  • the slightly unsymmetrical pilot track for the position control 133c which is applied asymmetrically to the center line 137 of the web 114, is advantageous if the positioning code for the lamination station is to be queried on both sides only along an edge of the finished laminated web and for this purpose reflection light barriers 135 and 136 are used, whose reading spots should be offset by the asymmetry dimension due to the transmissive properties of the webs in the transverse direction thereof, so that a high signal-to-noise ratio of the position signals from the light barriers is not impaired by extraneous light from the light barrier responsible for the other web side .
  • a conveyor device 153 obtains a dielectric raw material 151 in a preferably granulated form from a storage container 152.
  • a servo device 154 S
  • the conveyor device 153 is controlled by a servo device 154 (S), which in turn is addressed by the control channel s of a process control 150.
  • the granules 151 are conveyed into a small, but quickly reacting high-pressure extruder 155.
  • servo devices 156 For controlling the extrusion temperature, 157 (S 2 ) for controlling the extrusion pressure and 158 (S,) for setting the variable Slotted nozzle 159 driven as extrusion tool.
  • the variable slot nozzle allows the extrusion of a relatively narrow polyethylene tape 160 of preselectable thickness, in practice 10 .... 40 im.
  • the slot die and the extrusion throughput are dimensioned such that the strip can be produced at a very high speed.
  • a gas cooling system 163 feeds a storage tank 165 provided with thermal insulation 164, preferably with liquid air or liquid nitrogen. Cooling gas is conveyed to the extrusion nozzle via a line 166 and a valve 167 provided therein. The promotion is controlled by the Vent ___ il- servo 168 (S * ), which is channel s. controller 150 is addressed.
  • the freshly extruded strip is drawn off from the cylinder 169.
  • This cylinder is preferably a porous, ie air-permeable hollow cylinder, which is driven by a drive unit 170 with high uniformity of the adjustable rotational speed.
  • a drive by means of a flywheel 171, which is connected between the drive unit and the cylinder, has proven itself.
  • the drive unit is controlled by servo 172 (Sg) from channel s g of the controller.
  • Sg servo 172
  • a vacuum chamber 176 which is stationary within the cylinder 169, is supplied with a vacuum 177 via a line 174 and a manually pre-adjustable valve 175.
  • This vacuum chamber is designed in such a way that it draws air through the rotating hollow cylinder over a circumferential angle that is smaller than the wrap angle through the band 160.
  • a high degree of adhesion of the band 160 to the cylinder 169 is therefore achieved within this spatially fixed circumferential angle.
  • the band 160 can be trimmed by means of rotating knives 178 acting against the cylinder; the trimmings 179 are removed by a suction device 180.
  • the possibly trimmed band 160 passes through a chamber 181, in which it is exposed to an intensive, high-frequency corona discharge between two suitably designed electrodes 182. These electrodes are connected to a high-frequency generator 184 via connecting lines 183. This is controlled via the servo 185 (S 7 ) by the channel s, the controller, with regard to the strength of the discharge field. Since the band 160 is very narrow, the generator 184 need not be very powerful. Due to the coronaization of the tape, the surface of the polyethylene under the influence of atmospheric oxygen is radio-calibrated so that the tape can subsequently be laminated particularly well to metal surfaces and polyethylene.
  • the tape is identified by the identification 134 in FIG. 19.
  • the deflection cylinder 186 has a particularly low moment of inertia. Thus ep to the constant and constant tension of the polyethylene tape 134 between cylinder 169 and cylinder 186 - i.e. in the corona station - this cylinder / can be exploited. via 'special drive unit 187 / a flywheel 188 and one directly in front of the cylinder 186
  • Sg of controller 150 are servos 190a (Sg) and
  • the band 134 runs through a loop 191, in that it is preferably weighted by a suspended roller 192, to which a mark 193 can be attached.
  • the tape 134 is finally transferred from the roll 130, which is not itself driven, into the lamination station according to FIG. 19; the tracking roller 130 is illustrated in FIG. 18.
  • the loop 191 is required in order to be able to maintain a constant speed of rotation of the cylinder 169 even if the speed of the web at the location of the light barriers 135 and 136 fluctuates slightly for a short time (transient process) due to a change in the position of the lamination cylinders.
  • the loop 191 thus prevents overstretching or stretching of the band 134, so that it can be introduced with a defined thickness between the capacitor coverings 43 and 44.
  • the adjustment of the slot nozzle 159 depending on requirements is possible by measuring the material thickness / dielectric constant on the moving dielectric 160 or 134 in a high-frequency manner in measuring chambers 211 and 212.
  • the heating device is controlled via servo 196 (Sg) from channel s 5 of controller 150.
  • the measuring chambers 192 and 193 are connected by connecting lines 197 and 198 to a refectory measuring device 199 which operates the instantaneous measured values via two digital outputs 200 (R,) and 201 (R «) the input channels r, and r "of the controller 150 transmits.
  • a measuring device 202 with a preferably optically or inductively acting linear sensor 203 also transmits via a digital output 204 (R «) the position of the label 193 and thus the state of the loop 191 to the input channel r- of the controller.
  • the two measurements in chambers 211 and 212 on the dielectric 160 and 134, respectively, allow a particularly reliable control of the coronaization of the web and the wrong voltage.
  • the statistical mean value of the resonance frequency of finished labels is transmitted from the end of the production line via a line 205. This is in inductive way by means of a tivem Indukti onsscheife 206 and of a suitable measuring device 207 interrogated by the final labels and the digital output 208 (R.) was ⁇ obtained.
  • the main function of the controller 150 is to enable a controlled illumination of the resonance structure between production lines and the capacitor dielectric between capacitor coatings so that the desired resonance frequency is set within predefined tolerance limits.
  • the controller controls not only the thickness of the dielectric 45, but also fluctuations in various raw material parameters of the granulate 151, including the quotient thickness of the dielectric divi ⁇ after "ramping up" the entire process, mainly by controlling the slot nozzle 159 of the extruder 158 ded by dielectric constant. As a result, rejects are avoided by storing the resonance frequency outside tolerance limits. It is obvious to assign process control 1 or 150 to the plant parts according to FIG.
  • the rotational speed of the lamination cylinders 117 and 118 or of the cutting cylinder 142 can be derived therefrom.
  • the controller can also have further input, output or bidirectionally operable channels 210 (f, ... f .... f) in order to query further control values or measured values from external processing stations (for example light barriers 135 and 136 etc.) or to transmit manipulated variables there (eg servo device for changing the position of the lamination cylinders 117 and 118 against one another).
  • This controller can be a special control circuit with a microcomputer, or a commercially available computer which is sufficiently fast and equipped with sufficient channel capacity and which allows all important variables to be linked by suitable software.
  • the material 134 is a dielectric of precisely defined properties with high geometric dimensional stability.
  • the Committee by making the resonance frequency is out of tolerance limits, can not be reduced so far, as with the use of the plant 21 is possible.
  • the system according to FIG. 21 is therefore of crucial economic importance, in particular for large-volume production in continuous operation.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates how overlapping conductor track parts 104b and 105b are electrically connected to one another in the finished laminated track without additionally interposed material 126.
  • overlapping conductor track parts 104b and 105b are welded, specifically through the covering materials 35 and 115 and 36 and 116, respectively.
  • Sealing layers 37 and 38 and 101 are shown in simplified form as components of the enveloping webs; in any case, the welding also takes place through these sealing materials.
  • the welding of conductor track parts 104b and 105b at two welding points 216 is illustrated by way of example.
  • the welding preferably takes place between upper and lower welding tips 214 and 215, which are against one another Act.
  • the welding can take place particularly quickly in a known manner by exciting the welding tips with ultrasonic energy.
  • metal is directly welded to metal here, that is to say without having to displace any dielectric material previously present between metal coverings. For this reason, cold welding processes are ideal.
  • Heating the welding tips can, however, mainly offer advantages if parts of the enveloping materials 35 and 36 (100) in the area of the welding points 216 are not only to be compacted, as is indicated between welding tips and weld metal, but are displaced should, for example, be used to "reinforce" the penetration points of welding tips in casing materials. For example, if TYVEK (DuPEK (DuPEK (DuPEK (DuPEK (DuPEK) in the area of the welding points 216 are not only to be compacted, as is indicated between welding tips and weld metal, but are displaced should, for example, be used to "reinforce" the penetration points of welding tips in casing materials. For example, if TYVEK (Du
  • the welding of conductor tracks and the edge welding of coating materials around the welding points can be carried out in one operation if only the welding tips are suitably preheated.
  • this method offers the advantage over previously known contacting methods, that the welding pressure can be increased far into the flow area of the conductor tracks.
  • a circular zone 218 of intensive welding of the conductor track material forms, which is supported very effectively by the encasing material surrounding the support in the area of the displacement collars 217 against separating forces, which is preferably in the middle of the welding zones 216 occur during the cutting process of the welding tips.
  • the welding through the envelope material thus results in one Particularly high reproduction quality, since various material properties of enveloping materials can advantageously be used in the course of the welding process (buried welding).
  • Conductor tracks covered with a thermoplastic dielectric i.e. Before welding, each consisting of a metal layer 107 and an insulating layer 108 are arranged such that the insulating layers are enclosed between metal layers, i.e. must be penetrated during the welding process.
  • the heating of the welding tips which is primarily suitable for displacing enveloping materials, can be used secondarily for displacing such dielectric material (e.g. layer 108) between electrically conductive, metallic layers 107.
  • This displacement takes place completely under high pressure, since the flow of the conductor material between welding tips in the edge region of the welding zone considerably supports this displacement, as does the cushioning material to be displaced between the welding tips.
  • this contacting element can be an endless wire or metal thread which, when the dissolving perforation 109 is carried out, in order to cut labels, in each case cuts through, i.e. in single
  • FIG. 23 shows the design of a contacting element 126 in the form of a thin metal strip with a smaller thickness than the thickness of the non-overlapping conductor tracks 104a and 105a, which are perforations
  • FIG. 23 represents the sectional view through a field 2 of a label according to the invention through conductor track parts 104a and 105a at the moment of contacting these conductor track parts with one another. All the advantages and properties of the concealed welding already explained with reference to FIG. 22 - here of conductor tracks with a contacting element 126 - can also be used here unchanged; The remaining parts in FIG. 23 correspond to those already described in FIG. 22. 23 shows a special case in which the envelope materials 35 and 36 (100) between welding tips and weld metal are completely displaced.
  • the contact element is shown spatially alone in FIG. 25. It consists of an i.a. at least two-layer material and is designed such that an outer metal layer at one end changes over to the other side at the other end, the change taking place along a fold length 225.
  • the metal layer is of a preferably non-conductive, i.e. insulating material 221 covered.
  • an adhesive or sealable adhesive layer 222 can be applied over the entire surface of the insulating layer 221 or only in the area of the mentioned covering, or the insulating layer 221 can be dispensed with on such a special sealable layer at least a short time before folding the structure at points 223 - in particular in the area of the mentioned overlap - to be made temporarily self-adhesive, eg through suitable chemical activation.
  • 25 shows sections of transport holes 128, furthermore the indication of a zone 226 within which the metal layer is later welded to a conductor track piece 104a or 105a.
  • the deposition of the metal layer by an insulating layer can be considerable with regard to the welding process
  • the insulating material only meets certain strength requirements and such strip-shaped contacting elements can also be easily and robustly inserted into labels as an add-on material 126 in labels if the metal layer 220 is made relatively thin.
  • the insulating material can have certain self-welding properties, which layer the above-mentioned annular weld seams between the conductor tracks and contacts, in the manner of a seal, to protect against corrosive effects as soon as the welding tips are removed and welding points have cooled.
  • FIG. 26 shows a sectional view X-Y, as indicated in FIG. 24. This view corresponds to that in FIG. 23 with the difference that there the band-shaped contact element 126 is replaced here by the contact element 126a according to FIGS. 24 and 25.
  • the metal layer 220 and the non-conductive layer 221 with 222, 223 are shown.
  • the special case is shown that the coating material between welding tips and weld metal is completely displaced. Thinning in the area of welding spots 216 by flowing material can preferably occur in the area of the non-conductive layer 221.
  • FIG. 27 and FIG. 28 show different ways of producing contact elements 126a according to the invention.
  • pairs in mirror-image design endlessly consecutive, as is the case with different stal tungsformen inventive labels are used, they are advantageously produced according to FIG. 27; two successive elements are shown there as a composite 250.
  • a meandering strip 229 is punched out from a strip 228 of a film, which is constructed according to FIG. 24, by means of a suitable punching tool.
  • the outline contour is produced by cutting the structure piece by piece along cutting lines 230 from the strip so that it remains connected to the rest of the strip only by means of webs 231, provided that the punching use and punching waste are initially together stay connected, but can be easily separated by tearing off the webs.
  • the benefit 229 is hemmed in on both sides by left and right punching waste 232 and 233 or, as shown in the middle, there is at least one coherent waste 1 strip 234, whereas the waste is on the other side of the benefit 229 - here, for example, the left one - can be immediately separated from the benefit 229 in loose parts 235.
  • “waste eyes” 236 are present in the coherent structure consisting of panels 229 and waste seams 232 and 233, in that waste parts 235 have already been removed there.
  • traction holes 237 and 238 and transport and guide holes 128 are provided along the edges of the strip 228, which are repeated at equal intervals.
  • Symbols 223 illustrate that the strip is adhesive or sealable so that it points towards the viewer, either over the entire surface as shown in the two examples above, or only within a transverse strip 227 in the area of later overlaps of the panel after folding along the fold line 239.
  • sealing surfaces 222 and 223 are activated by spot or strip sealing in overlapping zones of the panel 229, so that an end ⁇ as a panel loose tape is formed from which the waste can be easily separated.
  • parts 232b and 232c of a sealing strip 227 in the panel and parts 232a and 232d in the waste are connected to one another, so that at the end the panel 250 can be separated from the one-piece sealed waste 232 and 233 simply by means of webs 231 be demolished.
  • a perforation 109a can be provided to cover the perforation 128 in order to divide the pair 250 of two mirror-image contacting elements into two individual elements 216c and 216d.
  • the perforation 109a can, however, also be omitted if, after these elements have been introduced into labels, a separation perforation 109 between individual labels, which in any case has been fed in endlessly in an previously endless form, is severed, for example in the area of a perforation 128.
  • 221 ultrasound victories have been achieved for the adhesive sealing of folded sheets in a short time! procedure very well proven.
  • FIG. 28 shows the manufacture of contact elements according to the invention analogous to FIG. 27, but endlessly uniform in succession if, after each displacement of the strip 228 by a pitch of the transport hole 237 or the distance between the guide holes 128, the strip is folded over along fold line 239 and a subsequent dissolution takes place along the perforation 109a.
  • FIG. 27 Contacting elements 250 and 126a according to the invention can be produced in large numbers on relatively small, fast-running machines.
  • zones 226 are indicated for the sake of completeness, in which later the metal layer 220 of these contacting elements is welded to conductor track parts 104a and 105a of tracks 115 and 116.
  • 29 illustrates that the label according to the invention is not necessarily on a double-wing label with a wing 2, which is equipped with a resonance and a cancellation device, and a flight! 8, which is empty, must be limited.
  • 29 illustrates a label according to the invention, which basically only consists of a wing 2, which mainly functions as a customer section, but can also additionally perform POS functions by suitable printing on the sleeves and suitable handling.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 29 corresponds in terms of its function to that of section 2 according to FIG. 1! ,
  • a validation of this label can alternatively be carried out by folding one on top of the other or by separating the sections / fields 3 and 4 along the suitably designed ten perforation line 7.
  • Individual labels can be detached from an endless production belt analogously as described by dissolving perforations 109; Edge strips 112, which can carry traction perforations 119, can be separated by suitable longitudinal perforations 103 along the edges of the production line, provided that the traction holes 1! 9 are not to be used as hanging holes, for example by providing a special hanging hole 14 in the label, for example from protruding coating of a capacitor can be reinforced.
  • Other parts, as far as designated, have already been shown in Fig. 1! or to the figs. 18 and 20 explains.
  • a further embodiment of the label-type structure according to the invention contains, as the basic component, an areally designed, electrical resonance structure, as is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 30, in which covering or covering materials are omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • This resonance structure is designed in such a way that it identifies at least two distinct resonance frequencies which can be changed depending on the state of the component 301.
  • a lower, flat conductor track structure 302 and an upper, flat conductor track structure 303 with the interposition of a dielectric Layer 304 is superimposed on one another or positioned on top of one another in such a way that preferably spiral conductor parts 305 build up a pronounced main inductance 310 and conductor surfaces 306 and 307 or 308 and 309, superimposed on one another, are spaced apart from one another by the dielectric 304 a capacitor 311 lying in the interior of the spiraling conductor track parts or a conductor line 312 arranged in the outer space of the spiraling conductor track parts, ie along the edge of the label.
  • the lower part 308 of the stripline 312 and the upper part 309 of the stripline 312 are electrically connected on one side to the variable-state component 301 at points 317 and 318, respectively.
  • FIG. 31 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of such an arrangement.
  • the strip line 312 identified, illustrated by distributed capacitances 315 U nd distributed inductances 316.
  • this strip line is a quadrupole -Veritatiselement between the component 301 and the Serienresonanz ⁇ circular illustrates how it is formed from the capacitor 311 and the main inductor 310.
  • the strip line short-circuited at the ends 317 and 318 acts as a parallel resonance circuit with a first resonance frequency which, with a suitable design of the circuit elements 310 and 311, depends only slightly on their dimensions. In essence, this resonance frequency is rather determined by the partial inductances 316 and the partial capacitances 315, that is to say by the outline geometry and the wave resistance of the strip line 312.
  • a second, lower resonance frequency exists under the same conditions, mainly determined by the dimensioning of the main inductor 310 and the capacitance of the capacitor 311, ie by the geometry of the preferably spiral extending conductor track parts 305 and the flat design of the coverings 306 and 307 as a function of properties of the dielectric separating layer 304.
  • both magnetic fields such as those emanating from the structure at one or the other resonance frequency when the resonance structure resonates, are so-called "open fields” 325, as shown in Fig. 32.
  • a current arrow 319 which can be assigned along the edge of the spanned surface of the resonance structure, corresponds in each case to a magnetic field which has a magnetic arrow 320 in one direction - perpendicular to the spanned surface 322 - within this edge and outside of this boundary has a magnetic arrow 321 in the opposite direction.
  • This field configuration is characterized in that the magnetic flux which is encompassed by the outermost turn of the inductive structure or which passes through the area spanned by this turn is closed in infinity, at least in the distance.
  • components of the resonance structure for each of the two resonance cases are symbolically attributed to a single-loop winding / winding of a flat inductor 323 and a concentrated capacitance 324.
  • the resonance structure For reasons of reciprocity, it is possible to couple the resonance structure to an inducing magnetic field at both resonance frequencies if it is in each case an "open field" in the sense of a far field, which leads to the boundary of the resonance structure with low divergence, in any case with a uniform direction puts. Where or at what distance from the resonance structure under consideration the magnetic flux that is penetrating it is closed is immaterial. If the resonance at the first resonance frequency is used to detect or locate the resonance structure, while the resonance at the second resonance frequency is used to change previously existing resonance properties, then both resonance excitations required for this can be achieved by using relatively large magnetic fields with the property be brought about by far fields. It only has to be ensured that the area spanned by the resonance arrangement does not include field areas with opposite directions, which cancel each other out with respect to their induction effect within the boundary of the resonance arrangement.
  • the aforementioned change in resonance properties is made possible by designing the component 301 as an automatic switch in the form according to the invention.
  • This switch is originally closed and is interrupted depending on the strength of the current flowing through, so that this interruption is reliably irreversible. 33 symbolizes the two states I and II of the component 301.
  • the design of the higher-frequency resonance structure as a strip line with distributed capacitances 315 and distributed inductors 316 along the label edge offers the advantage that the induced current at the component 301, ie between its connection points 317 and 318, becomes maximum.
  • the stripline winding acts not only as an inductive element, but at the same time also as an impedance transformer which effects the best possible adaptation of the component 301 to an exciting magnetic field.
  • the embodiment according to the invention of the resonance structure according to FIG. 30 thus allows a certain minimum current to be brought through the component 301 with the lowest possible magnetic flux density within the boundary of the label if only this magnetic field has the resonance frequency of the stripline turn.
  • the current yield is considerably better than that which can be achieved, for example, if the stripline turn is replaced by a merely inductive turn / loop and an essentially concentrated capacitance, as is known from the prior art.
  • the configuration of the resonance arrangement according to the invention meets the desire to produce sufficient resonance excitations or an induced current of sufficient strength by means of a magnetic far field with the lowest possible field density.
  • this desire always exists because far fields can cause disturbances, in particular interference voltages, between spatially distributed system parts which are connected to one another through unwanted induction.
  • the resonance structure can assume a new resonance frequency, different from the two previously existing resonance frequencies, as shown in the equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 32 becomes plausible.
  • An essential concern of the invention is to describe practicable configurations of the component 301 which meet the requirements of the application technology of labels according to the invention.
  • 34 to 36 illustrate one of the possibilities according to the invention of how the structure 301 can be produced and incorporated into labels in the course of a preferred production method of labels according to the invention, in particular when wool labels with a paper-like exterior should have flexibility which, for example unrolling when loading with automatic tools allowed.
  • a securing thread 326 is initially produced as the actual switching element, which is made of an electrically less conductive, strain-resistant core material 327, which is provided in good electrical contact with a covering made of electrically more conductive material 328.
  • a chromium-nickel-containing resistance wire with a diameter of approx. 15 ⁇ m which can be used in a vacuum as a core material, has proven itself in practice aluminum layer was provided about the same thickness. If the label according to FIG. 34 is produced by the strip line 312, capacitor coverings 306 and 307 as well as inductively acting conductor track parts 305 being described, consisting of half-distributed conductor tracks of two flat conductor track structures 302 and 303 ("lower" and
  • "Upper" conductor track structure) are joined together by folding along a fold line 106, which is provided in a carrier material 100, which carries the conductor path structure by means of a sealing layer 101, the security thread 326 described can be used before or after the preferably one-sided application of the dielectric covering 304 along the fold line 106 are incorporated in that it is welded onto particularly pronounced contact surfaces 332 and 333 near the fold line 106 at a suitable distance.
  • the securing thread / a then forms a loose, in any case strain-relieved loop 329 which is enclosed on both sides within the sealing material 101.
  • the controlled generation of this loop 329 can be promoted by the fact that the securing thread is twisted by 180 degrees between the two connection points 317 and 318, ie between the two welding points. When folded, this twisting is then released again and a uniform formation of the loop-shaped position of the securing thread 326 is ensured, as is shown in FIG. 34.
  • Fig. 36 shows the placement of the security thread before folding.
  • the securing thread 326 can also be produced from an electrically non-conductive core material 327, which is provided with a suitable metal sheath 328. In this case it can be achieved that a current flowing through the casing melts it and thus produces an electrical interruption, but the core material is not heated until it melts and is therefore retained.
  • an avalanche-like melting of the thread can be achieved due to different response time constants when the electrically differently conductive core and sheathing materials of the security thread pass through when an HF alternating current flows so that there is a gap between the remaining melting ends of the thread there is a sufficient interruption distance for practical use.
  • a sufficient spacing is necessary so that after the thread has melted under bending stresses of such a label according to the invention - in particular due to the inherent elasticity and shear rigidity of the thread ends remaining on both sides of the point of interruption - no secondary contact and so that a new contact can be made.
  • the welding of the securing thread onto the contact surfaces 332 and 333 can be carried out depending on the Combination of materials takes place by means of known welding processes, preferably by ultrasonic 1 cold welding.
  • FIG. 37 shows the equivalent circuit diagrams of the label according to FIG. 34 in the two states I and II before and after the fuse thread 326 has melted, preferably by the action of an inducing magnetic field with the frequency of the stripline circuit, the distribution of the main inductance 310 over two partial inductances 310a and 310b is indicated.
  • the same equivalent circuit applies to the embodiments of the label according to the invention modified according to FIGS. 38 and 40.
  • the loop thread introduced into the loop is replaced in FIG. 38 by a security thread 326a arranged stretched between the contacting surfaces 332 and 333.
  • This configuration can be easily achieved from a manufacturing point of view by inserting the securing thread as an endless one at 1 material in endlessly successive labels, but these are not produced by folding a web of carrier material together, but rather by fitting and fitting together and combining two previously unconnected carrier material tracks 115 and 116, the interconnected conductor track structures 302 and 303 by means of a sealing Wear layer 101 (see description of Fig. 18/19 "laminating station"; the thread corresponds to the contacting tape 126 there).
  • the securing thread (analogous to the contacting belt 126) is fed in a track-controlled manner to a - preferably continuously operating - laminating station in such a way that it comes to lie alternately on the contacting surfaces 332 and 333 which follow one another along the direction of travel of the production path .
  • FIG. 39 shows in the sectional view AB from FIG. 38 how the contacting of the securing thread 326a with the contacting surfaces 332 and 333 through carrier or enveloping materials 115 and 116 and covering layers 101 covering them after the lamination has taken place Welding tips 214 and 215 occur.
  • the carrier / sleeve is completely displaced between the welding tips, ie in the area of the welding zones 216, as is the case, for example, when using an ultrasonic 1 hot welding process if thermoplastic carrier / envelope materials - such as TYVEK - can be used.
  • a perforation 109 is indicated, which can be provided in order to subsequently dissolve the etiquette thus endlessly into individual labels and to cut the security thread 326a between adjacent labels.
  • This embodiment is mainly suitable for applications in which labels according to the invention are not subjected to any rolling or bending stress, ie are produced in the form of cards with a certain rigidity.
  • a separation perforation 103 is shown at least along one side of the label, which allows the detachment / separation of an edge strip 112, which can be equipped with transport holes 119.
  • the label according to the invention can be produced in a similar manner in the configuration according to FIG. 40.
  • the thread-like shut-off element is replaced by one such as that shown in FIG. 41 in spatial detail is shown.
  • This switch-off element 335 is similar to the contact element according to FIG. 25 and the associated description. It is thus created by cutting, folding and finishing from a preferably three-layer material, as can also be used for the production of the contacting element.
  • a thin metal layer 220 is covered or deposited by a suitable insulating layer 221; this in turn is either the entire surface or only in the over- coverage area along the fold line 330 with a layer 222 (that is, at least in zones "227, see. Fig. 27) covered by folding of the structure, the surface of which, preferably is adhesively 223 siegelnd activated.
  • Fig. 41 makes it clear that this structure in principle emerges from the structure according to FIG. 25 in that additional free spaces 336 are punched in, which are only a narrow, metal, electrically conductive connection 337 of small cross-section between the upper part and the lower part of the folded metal covering 220. 42 further explains that the clearances 336 recognizable in FIG. 41 together have a somewhat greater length than the material cover 225 along the fold line 330, which lies opposite the cover edge 224. According to the form stable sealing of the "upper part” and "lower part” of the folded structure, the major part of the fold zone along the fold line 330 is cut away / grooved, so that the vertically arranged conductor loop 337 - originating from the metal layer 220 - emerges as
  • holes 128 can be provided as separation markings between successive elements in such a band, which can be used for the optical position control of the guidance of such a band, so that these holes - and thus also the switch-off elements arranged therebetween elements - always correctly with respect to conductor track structures 302 or 303 and / or contact surfaces 332 or 333 and / or separating perforations 109. to dissolve an endless label strip into individual labels.
  • shutdown element according to the invention can also be designed such that the outermost boundary 331 of the conductor loop 337 springs back by the dimension 339 behind the remaining boundary contour of the shutdown element band.
  • Such an embodiment is advantageous if such shutdown elements are to be guided in a composite as a prefabricated belt via guide and / or deflecting rollers. Damage to the conductor loops 337 due to abrasion on the guide or edge collar of transport or deflection rollers is then excluded, because the conductor loops 337 then cannot be concerned with such.
  • switch-off elements according to the invention are each produced as mirrors bi 1 dl i - before pairs 334, which can be advantageous in terms of assembly technology with a suitable design of conductor track structures to be fitted with them.
  • the welding zones 226 are also indicated in FIG. 42. For the rest, reference is made to FIG. 27 and the previous description.
  • FIG. 43 shows in the sectional view C-D from FIG. 40 the installation of the shutdown element according to the invention in a label according to the invention according to the principle according to FIG. 30.
  • the insulating layer 221 and the sealing layer 222 are shown in one piece.
  • the special case of the complete displacement of the covering materials 115 and 116 between the welding tips 214 and 215 is also indicated here; depending on the properties of these materials and the used
  • an RF current source 340 feeds an RF current 341 into an antenna loop 342, which spans an area 343 that is the same size or larger than the contour area of the label 344, so that that associated with the RF current Magnetic field 345 penetrates the label with a uniform sense of direction. Regardless of how the magnetic field closes after penetrating the label surface an open field is used to resonate the label.
  • the greatest possible inductive reaction current for switching actuation of the component 301 (326 / 326a / 337) with the most frequent excitation power or flux density of the antenna loop is possible within a certain limit distance 346 of the label from the surface 343 if the label is located is preferably in a parallel position to this surface.
  • component 301 melts the label changes from state I to state II. While it could be recognized by known detection systems in state I, this is no longer possible in state II because of changed resonance properties.
  • Labels according to the invention of the type described above enable, for example as security tags that are attached to goods to prevent theft of goods, a simple switch from state I (goods are recognized because they have not yet been paid for) to state II (goods are no longer recognized because they have been paid for).
  • an antenna loop 342 can be inserted directly into the table top of a sales table, with the effect that labels placed on the table, for example with the goods over the table and thus across the magnetic open field, are shot ben are switched with a high probability, ie deactivated with regard to their recognizability, ie "deleted".
  • the part of the resonance structure which is to serve for the detection thereof by coupling a magnetic far field is designed as a so-called "open field resonance structure", and that part of the resonance structure which is supposed to convey the status changeover mainly by induction , as So-called “closed field resonance structure” is carried out and an energy converter in the form of a resonance transformer is used to couple an available RF energy into such a label with higher efficiency than can be achieved in practice with the previously described one.
  • the "closed field” for "deleting” such labels then only extends to a small space, so that impairments to distant parts of the system due to disturbing induction can be reduced to a minimum.
  • a current arrow 341 is assigned to the current flow in the circuit.
  • the magnetic arrow 353 assigned to this current arrow points downwards
  • the assigned magnetic arrow 354 points upwards, i.e. in the opposite direction.
  • the total boundary including both loop surfaces comprises closed magnetic field lines 355.
  • FIG. 47 The same similarity analogy is illustrated in FIG. 47 for two conductor structures 360 and 360 ', which are turned over twice in the area ratio 1: 2: 1 and span loop areas 361, 362 and 363 or 361', 362 'and 363'.
  • Fig. 48 illustrates that such line transformers can also be designed in a round shape with flat, essentially circular conductor tracks. Maximum coupling between the terminals A and B or A 'and B' is achieved with the smallest possible dimension 356 and precise coverage of the conductor track contours.
  • the further configuration of the label according to the invention permits the coupling in of high-frequency energy for the purpose of switching to another state with high efficiency by means of such a transformer, implemented in the manner of a planar conductor or slot transformer.
  • the secondary element of such a transformer - detachable or non-detachable - is housed in the label, while the primary element of such a transformer is housed in a handling device with which a label according to the invention is coated in a prescribed manner if it is to be deactivated.
  • the scope of the invention includes that such a handling device can at the same time be a reading device which at the same time preferably optically encodes data from an inventive device
  • 50 shows, in the manner of a schematic diagram, a preferred embodiment of the label according to the invention together with parts which are essential for the function of the label but are not accommodated in the label.
  • a large-area open-field resonance circuit 387 preferably covering a larger part 389 of the total area of the label, is introduced, as explained in the description of FIG. 30 is. Only the component 301 variable in state and its connecting points 317 and 318 with that resonance structure are indicated in more detail from this.
  • the remaining, smaller part 388 of the label surface adjoins a closed-field resonance circuit which consists of the inductance of an 8-shaped, two-layer conductor track structure 370 as a secondary winding of a transformer and a capacitor 376, which consists of adjacent metal coatings 374 and 375 and a dielectric 373 spacing them apart.
  • the loops or loop surfaces formed by the 8-shaped conductor track structure are preferably the same or approximately the same size.
  • the secondary winding i.e. the conductor track formation 370 is therefore connected on one side to the capacitor 376 on the opposite side at points 317 and 318 to the variable-state component 301 and thus to the formation 387.
  • the structure in the label part 388 thus also represents a parallel resonance circuit, in contrast to that in part 389, however, in a closed configuration, which magnetic field is guided in part 389.
  • the 8-shaped conductor track formation 370 is practically "transparent" for long-range fields of low divergence - see explanation for FIG. 49 - it also has only a small transformative reaction to the open magnetic field of the formation 387 if it is only either sufficient Distance from the periphery of the structure
  • a track 377 is provided on the label, on / along which data 378, preferably readable in the direction of a reading arrow 379, is / are stored.
  • the simplest example is a linearly readable barcode.
  • this trace is shown offset to the side next to the closed field resonance structure.
  • this track can advantageously be used in practice. cover this resonance exactly with the result that a.
  • the data is then read from this track in the coverage area of the closed field resonance area of the label part 388. This depends in particular on the type and design of suitable reading devices.
  • the data can be stored by suitable printing on the cover material 116;
  • the application of a suitable, self-adhesive label that bears the data can also be provided on the cover material 116 within a field that is assigned to it.
  • a suitable reading device is guided in the reading direction 379 along the data track 377 at a short distance from it.
  • a conductor structure 380 is simultaneously guided over the conductor path structure 370 located in the label part 388.
  • This conductor structure 380 consists either of two or of three essentially identical conductor loops 381, 382 and possibly 383, which, according to FIGS. 46 and 47, together with the mentioned closed-field resonance structures under the cover material 116 - ie in the label - form a resonance transformer. A fixed coupling of this transformer is achieved when the loops 381 and 382 come to rest on the loops 371 and 372.
  • the transformer from the conductor structures 370 and 380 can at this moment use this HF current with a large amount Couple the efficiency into the closed field resonance structure if only the frequency of the HF current matches the resonance frequency of this structure.
  • An embodiment of the conductor structure 380 with only two loops 381 and 382, which cover the secondary loops 371 and 372, is particularly expedient if the arrangement 386 is intended exclusively for feeding HF energy into the closed-field resonance structure with the aim of doing so bring about the switchover of component 301.
  • An embodiment of the conductor structure 380 with three loops 381, 382 and 383, which cover the secondary loops 371, 372 as well as metal coverings 374 and 375, has proven to be expedient if the arrangement 386 is designed so that on the one hand it has an HF current to switch over the component 301, but on the other hand the conductor structure 380 used here as the primary winding can be used in a combined manner as a transmitting and receiving antenna in order to measure the With regard to its resonance properties, label 387 prepare and pass on a confirmation criterion for the successful change of component 301 (so-called acknowledgment query).
  • the third loop 383 is completely covered by the metal coverings 374 and 375.
  • this "masking" of the third loop 383 by the “short-circuit coatings” 374 and 375 for the current and voltage distribution in the loops 371 and 372 has the effect of loop 383 being short-circuited. This means that there is only a slight voltage drop at the loop 383 in this position, and energy is mainly transmitted from the loops 381 and 382 into the loops 371 and 372.
  • the dimension 356 is enlarged and the reading device is removed from the label after the reading of data has ended, and if this is preferably done to the right in the continuation of the reading arrow 379, the effect is exploited that the three-loop conductor structure 380 also coexists
  • the flat individual loops 381, 382 and 383 in the absence of a short-circuit masking of one of these loops are only partially represented by a closed field circuit structure, because with the same area each of the individual loops the magnetic arrow of a loop as closed within the overall outline of all loops sen appears.
  • MaW has such a three-part "primary winding" partial open field properties as it does are welcome to enable coupling with the open field of the resonance structure 387 even from a greater distance (in practice 10 ... 20 cm).
  • the covering of the loop 383 by the inductively short-circuiting metal coverings 374 and 375 at the moment with the highest transmission coupling between the conductor structures 370 and 380 is thus comparable to a "switching" of the field properties of the primary conductor structure 380 between "closed” and “partially open” .
  • the impressing RF current source in the arrangement 386 is suitably capacitively connected, so that there is a free field resonance with respect to the primary structure of the line transformer due to the self-inductance of the conductor structure 380, the time-changing coverage of the loop results 383 through metal surfaces 374 and 375 during the reading process - ie when the conductor area 380 moves along the movement arrow 384 - due to the fixed coupling with the closed field resonance structure in the label section 388 depending on the positioning of the conductor structure 380 relative to the conductor structure 370 to a displacement that resonance frequency which the closed-field resonance structure has by itself in free space.
  • the change in the inductance of the conductor structure 380 when sweeping over the capacitor plates 374 and 375, in particular the loop 383, can be used to position the secondary structure in section 388 with a very specific positioning of the conductor structure 380 relative to the conductor structure 370 preferably fixed Deacti vation frequency to adjust the arrangement 386, which is chosen in practice as the ISM frequency.
  • manufacturing variations in the resonance frequency of the closed-field resonance structure can be compensated for in free space.
  • the resonance current in structure 370 leads through component 301 to switch it over Melting.
  • a label which contains or represents an open-field resonance circuit has no strip line running along the periphery and thus only a pronounced resonance frequency.
  • the equivalent circuit in FIG. 52 thus has only one main inductance 310 for this part - realized by the spirally running conductor track parts 305, here exemplarily distributed over two levels - and a resonance capacitor 311 - consisting of the coatings 306 and 307 that are spaced apart by the dielectric 304.
  • the component 301 changes from the short-circuit state I to the open state II by resonance induction of a suitable current in the conductor structure 370 in the part 388 - preferably at an ISM frequency.
  • a suitable current in the conductor structure 370 in the part 388 - preferably at an ISM frequency This is illustrated in the associated equivalent circuits according to FIG. 52.
  • the Eti kettenabschi tt 389 which in practice is a main resonance for detection which has between approximately 2 and 14 MHz, can no longer be deactivated by the action of an ISM magnetic field if the section 388 has previously been torn from the section 389 along the perforation line 390.
  • a switchover of the component 301 by means of an increased resonance current would therefore only apply to the section 389.
  • the actual open field detection frequency of this section is possible.
  • such a device proves to be inapplicable, since such induction pulses within the useful detection band to be queried lead to malfunctions or second-time blockages of detection systems that are
  • FIG. 53 for application e in which, in the course of handling a label according to the invention, the cutting of the parts 388 and 389 along the perforation lines 390 is of particular importance, the label according to FIGS. 34 and 40 by adding the "Disposable resonance transformer" according to FIG. 50 added.
  • part 389 of the label which contains / represents an open field resonance structure, has, in addition to the actual resonance frequency used for far field detection, a second resonance frequency which is determined by the strip line 312 and preferably has a second ISM frequency is set which is not identical to that ISM frequency on which the closed field resonance structure resonates in section 388, but is at a sufficient distance from it.
  • Such a label has the advantage that if the switchover of component 301 fails, Closed field induction in section 388 - for example due to failure of the device intended for this, due to electrical connections in the label that have become defective along the perforation, or also due to premature separation into individual sections 388 and 389 - these
  • Switching can be brought about in a second way by exposing section 389 alone to a suitable ISM open field (for example in a suitable, shielded arrangement with special guidance of the magnetic field) which penetrates section 389 uniformly becomes.
  • a suitable ISM open field for example in a suitable, shielded arrangement with special guidance of the magnetic field
  • the stripline 312 is indicated as a four-pole coupling element.
  • ISM stands for frequencies assigned by the FCC (Federal Communication Commission) (for "jridustrial, scientific and medical purposes") * .
  • FCC Federal Communications Commission
  • the dividing lines 390 are between the open field resonance structure 38 . 9 and the closed field resonance structure 388.
  • the symbol 357 illustrates the closed magnetic field within the conductor formation 370 even when the conductor formation 380 approaches as the primary winding of the HF transformer.
  • the detection capability of the label section 389 is almost not influenced by the adjacent connected closed field resonance structure in section 388, since the scanning magnetic fields of the detection systems are always long-range far fields which are sufficient in the area of a label run homogeneously with the effect that their induction voltages in the 8-shaped conductor structure 370 compensate each other in such a way that there are no inductive reactions on the label section 389. This will be explained in more detail later on using a special embodiment of the label according to the invention.
  • inductance of the conductor path formation 370 - due to "transparency" for unidirectional fields - after the transition of the component 301 into the open state II does not add up mainly to the main inductance 310a and 310b, but algebraically. This will also be explained in more detail later.
  • 55 illustrates a further embodiment of the label according to the invention. It is particularly suitable if such labels are to be incorporated firmly and partially concealed into items of clothing with the effect that deactivation, i.e. a switch to the unrecognized state is only possible when the item data is read in correctly at the checkout and such deactivation is no longer possible or only possible in a special way if the data-carrying section has been previously disconnected; part of the label according to the invention thus remains in the clothing bought by the customer.
  • deactivation i.e. a switch to the unrecognized state is only possible when the item data is read in correctly at the checkout and such deactivation is no longer possible or only possible in a special way if the data-carrying section has been previously disconnected; part of the label according to the invention thus remains in the clothing bought by the customer.
  • this label consists of two connected parts 405 and 406, part 406 normally being sewn into clothing in a concealed manner, while part 405 is visible and detachable from the clothing, for example on a sewing seam / stands. Because this part 405 is accessible, readable article data can be stored on it, this storage being possible on the front or back.
  • the covering cladding layer is completely removed in FIG. 55, which is generally made of a material similar to the illustrated carrier layer 115 with a sealing layer 101 provided thereon. Plastic paper made of polyethylene fibers, for example, has proven useful for use in the textile sector.
  • the separation point between the two sections 405 and 406 has a “tapered” taper zone 392.
  • this zone there is a trace 391 - marked on the finished label, for example, in color - along and along which the label may be sewn into a hem, for example.
  • This track points to section 406.
  • a separation line 390 runs toward section 405, along which section 405 can be detached if necessary. This can be done using a suitable tool or by using the
  • Line 390 is designed to be detachable by hand by suitable formation of a perforation.
  • the tapering of the separation points between the two sections enables simple sewing without wrinkling in a short time because the sewing track 391 to be taken with the sewing needle is thereby kept as short as possible.
  • the data track 377 for example, created on the removed masking material a1 is symbolically identified in such a way that it runs over the conductor structure 400 - ie overlapping it.
  • a self-adhesive label can be used for data storage, if not immediately printed.
  • Section 406 is constructed similarly to section 389 in FIG. 53, with the difference that not the entire outermost turn is designed in two layers as a strip line (there 312), but that such a mainly capacitive strip line is superimposed in the form Capacitor coverings 394 and 395 extend along the outermost label edge.
  • a dimension 393 is also entered between the innermost boundary of the capacitor covering 306 and the innermost winding of the spirally interleaved conductor tracks 305.
  • Section 405 is constructed similarly to section 388 in FIG. 53, with the following deviations:
  • the capacitor 376 is consisting of 373, 374 and 375, not intended to act as an inductive short-circuit area in cooperation with an energy-fed primary structure.
  • the label part 406 is invisibly enclosed between a lower material 410 and an upper material 411, which is fastened to the lower material in the manner of a seam 413 by means of a thread seam 412.
  • the label in the zone 391 is penetrated by the thread seam, whereby punctures of the sewing needle through the conductor tracks 397 do not lead to their electrical interruption.
  • the label part 405 protrudes from the sewn-in part 406, in the other case it is wrapped around the hem 413 on the label part 406 located under the upper material 411. This position can occur in particular when line 390 is configured as a perforation or even perforated line.
  • FIG. 57 illustrates this in addition to FIG. 49 in the event that the two label parts 405 and 406 according to FIG. 56 are folded onto one another.
  • FIG. 57 shows a cross section E-F, although only the electrically essential parts and their position relative to one another are illustrated.
  • the surfaces of the loops 401, 402 and 403 or the entire conductor track structure 400 lie within the contour dimension 393.
  • the conductor tracks 397 and the metal coating of the conductor tracks of the conductor structure 400 contribute to a slight change in the resonance and field properties of the open-field resonance circuit in FIG Section 406, which are of such a size that they can be easily approved in practice or processed using detection technology.
  • the capacity of the pads 374 or 375 and 306 or 307 against each other is insignificantly low in this case and in any case not to an annoying extent, since these pads in practice at least through the double bottom 115 or top material 116 of the label sleeve and additionally are distanced from one another by the material 411 of the goods.
  • the switchover of the component 301 from the short-circuited state I to the open state II fails for any reason, or if the section 405 was replaced too early, in any case before the goods were registered at the checkout, the switchover of the component 301 can still occur a second way can be brought about by section 406 alone - sewn into the goods - in a suitable ISM open field (for example in a suitable neten, shielded and equipped with special guidance of the magnetic field) is exposed so that this magnetic field penetrates section 406 largely homogeneously.
  • a suitable ISM open field for example in a suitable neten, shielded and equipped with special guidance of the magnetic field
  • this frequency sets a parallel resonance, and the short circuit in the component 301 can be eliminated by melting.
  • the label according to FIG. 50 can be modified into an embodiment with several, but at least two foldable and separable fields, the secondary structure of the resonance transformer for coupling deactivation energy being distributed over two fields . 58 illustrates this.
  • variable-circuit short-circuit element 301 is connected at points 317 and 318 to contacting surfaces 332 and 333, which can each be assigned to an upper and a lower conductor track structure.
  • Conductor parts 370a and 370d extend from the conductor tracks 332 and 333 in the direction of the fold and perforation line 390, which the label into the two wings or sections 420 and 421 Splits.
  • this perforation line 390 is formed, on the one hand, a conductor track part 370b distributed over both sections 420 and 421 and a conductor track part 370e, which in section 420 merges into a lower capacitor covering 375, which connects to the perforation line 390.
  • An upper capacitor layer 374 is spaced from this layer by a dielectric layer 373, which is connected to the conductor slot 370b by the meandering conductor track section 370c.
  • the perforation which penetrates the label material and parts of the conductor track is designed in such a way that good electrical conductivity is ensured transversely to the direction of perforation.
  • the individual parts in section 420 are covered on both sides by materials 115 and 116.
  • wing 420 which has not yet been separated from the wing 421 along the perforation 390, is folded over onto this wing 421.
  • an 8-shaped conductor structure is formed, which forms two loops 371 and 372.
  • a current in the secondary conductor structure in the direction of a short distance 356 along the track 377 over the label Induced label which leads to melting of the component 301.
  • a maximum coupling is achieved when the loops 371 and 381 or 372 and 382 or the loop 383 and the metal coverings 374, 375 are covered.
  • a data field 378 is created along track 377, which can preferably be read out in connection with the deactivation process. After reading the data field 378 or after deactivation, the label along the perforation 390 can be broken down into two separate sections 420 and 421.
  • the invention provides that the preferably rectangular, slit-like meandering loops of the primary conductor structure are preferably accommodated in the head of a suitable hand-held device, which can be equipped with a suitable handle allows an operator to guide the head containing the primary conductor structure with sufficient tracking and orientation over labels according to the invention.
  • a suitable hand-held device which can be equipped with a suitable handle allows an operator to guide the head containing the primary conductor structure with sufficient tracking and orientation over labels according to the invention.
  • the invention further provides that such a hand-held device also fulfills the function of known hand-held devices for preferably optically reading / reading out article data from a data field of an article list, i.e. the function of a hand-held data reader and the function of a hand-held device for deactivating labels according to the invention are combined.
  • the invention further provides that such a hand-held device is used at the same time as a display device which signals whether the deactivation has taken place properly or whether this requires the hand-held device to be guided over the label again or whether a deactivation for whatever reason - is not possible with the handheld device and must therefore be deactivated in another way.
  • the aforementioned loop-shaped primary conductor structure 380 is accommodated in a read head 422, so that it can be used by a person using the handle 423 with the aid of the optical visor marking 426 - for example along a pre-printed marking - in a suitable position using a label according to the invention be performed can.
  • the conductor structure 380 includes the loop surfaces 381, 382 and 383, which, depending on the design of the labels to be handled and the secondary conductor structures / loops located therein, are designed and have surface ratios between 1: 1: 1 and 1: 2: 1.
  • a matching element 385a can be inserted in the feed line 385 near the loop, for example in the form of a broadband transmitter in conjunction with additional components which enable energy and signal transmission on the connecting line 385 to be as lossless as possible.
  • the connecting cable 424 coming from the handle 423 can also include control lines 425 which, for example, establish the connection to control displays 427 and 428.
  • the control display 427 can be provided for signaling as soon as and as long as the conductor structure 380, in the function of a query antenna, receives a resonance response from a nearby open-field resonance circuit 387 in the detection frequency band.
  • the control display 428 can be provided for signaling, provided that such a resonance cannot be eliminated by means of the hand-held device, ie a deactivation of the open field resonance circuit is not possible in the normal way.
  • 61 illustrates the basic structure of an apparatus 386 for operating such a hand-held device. It essentially comprises a search receiver 430, which can detect the presence of resonance points of non-deactivated open field resonance circuits in the intended detection frequency band. It is therefore a detection device which carries out resonance queries at controllable times in a controllable number of successive cycles. It is recalled in this connection that the ladder structure 380 - due to the loop design - can also function as a partial open field structure and thus enables connections to other open field structures - precisely those in the vicinity of label resonance circuits. The times of the resonance queries and their duration are determined by a sequence control 431, which the search receiver reports the presence or absence of a resonance in the detection frequency band.
  • the sequence controller 431 is connected to an HF generator 432, which is preferably switched off at times when the search receiver is being queried and vice versa.
  • the search receiver and the HF generator are connected to one another by means of a signal switch 429, the output of which feeds the connecting line 385.
  • the sequence control controls the control displays 427 and 428 via the connection guide 425 * .
  • the ISM frequency 27.12 MHz is provided for the HF generator, provided that the detection frequency band within which non-deactivated labels are to be detected ranges from 7.4 MHz to 9.0 MHz. This frequency selection makes sense because it allows national and international postal regulations to be adhered to in a simple manner.
  • the search receiver searches the detection frequency band in endless, periodic succession for a resonance to occur; the HF generator is switched off during this time. If a resonance is found, for example when a label that is not deactivated is approaching the conductor track structure 380, the sequence control initiates the switching on of the HF generator, in a pulsed form so that during the longer switch-on times of the HF device ⁇ generator of the search receiver is switched off and the HF generator is switched off during the shorter switch-on times of the search receiver. It is envisaged, for example, that the switch-on time of the receiver then only lasts so long that it carries out 1 to 10 search runs for the established resonance in order to report its presence to the sequential control system. As long as the persistence of the detected resonance in the detection frequency band is reported to the sequence controller, the sequence controller always causes the RF generator to be switched on again for a predetermined time.
  • the sequence control no longer switches the HF generator on again, and the search receiver remains switched on.
  • the existence i.e. In response to a resonance in the detection frequency band, the sequence control transmits to the control display 427 by means of a hold circuit even during the switch-on times of the HF generator until the label is either deactivated or removed from the hand-held device.
  • the sequence control also contains a counting device which, when a predetermined maximum number of switch-on cycles of the HF generator has been reached - without eliminating the resonance in the detection frequency band - preventing the HF generator from being switched on again and the control display 528 acti ⁇ fourth, the staff indicates that the deactivation is to be repeated either by removing the label from the hand-held device and re-approaching it or by another means, for example in a special device by means of a largely homogeneous magnetic field through the label at a second ISM frequency, for example 40.68 MHz.
  • FIG. 62 illustrates a hand-held device as it can be used on the one hand to read / read data from labels according to the invention, and on the other hand to deactivate labels according to the invention.
  • an optical reader for example an OCR code reader 433
  • the assembly 429 from FIG. 61 is here integrated as a unit 429a in the handle 423 of the hand-held device and can therefore also include components 385a from FIG. 60.
  • FIG. 63 first illustrates the basic structure of an apparatus 386a for operating such a hand-held device in such a way that the reading process and the transmission of read data into a cash register 445 and the deactivation of a label according to the invention are time-locked.
  • Such a temporary locking does not offer the best protection against theft by personnel, but it does offer very good protection against interference caused by HF interference in existing cash register systems, as is already customary in the trade.
  • the function of the search receiver 430 and the HF generator 432 for deactivation and their alternating operation during the deactivation, controlled by the sequence controller 431, are the same as in the apparatus 386 according to FIG. 61.
  • the apparatus 386a is expanded by a read -Interface 440, on the one hand via the read line 436 and control line 437 with the reader 433 in the hand-held device, for example an OCR code reader, and secondly communicates with the cash register via a read line 441 and a control line 442.
  • This reading interface is also connected to the sequence control 431 so that the forwarding of reading data to the checkout can be blocked or delayed after storage.
  • the readiness of the cash register is communicated to the sequential control system via line 443.
  • the receipt of the reading into the cash register is communicated to the control 1 display 450 in the hand-held device by the cash register via a special line 444; this line is to be understood as part of the control lines 425 in FIG. 62.
  • the sequence controller 431 keeps the reading interface 440 while there is no label resonance in the detection frequency band reading readiness open, ie einglesene data is immediately forwarded to 'the cash wornge ⁇ .
  • the correct reading can be acknowledged, for example, by the control display 450.
  • no storage of the read data is initiated. As long as only a corresponding memory in the reading interface remains empty, simply transferring the read data to the cash register is sufficient for the registry there.
  • the search receiver 430 detects a resonance in the detection frequency band when the hand-held device approaches the label shortly before the earliest possible start of the reading.
  • the sequence control now specifies a fixed time limit for the reading interface, within which the reading in of data must be completed; after this time has elapsed, the read interface 440 is blocked and the activation of the HF generator 432 already described with reference to FIG. 61 is triggered alternately with that of the search receiver 430. The beginning is indicated by the control 1 display 448.
  • the control display 427 shows the resonance once determined in the detection frequency band until it is finally eliminated, as long as only one label according to the invention is close enough to the handheld device head. Based on the detection of a resonance, the
  • FIG. 64 illustrates the basic structure of an apparatus 386b for operating such a hand-held device in such a way that the reading process and the transfer of read data to the cash register and the deactivation of labels according to the invention are carried out simultaneously, that is to say in an inseparable manner from one another.
  • This Driving offers a much higher level of protection against theft by the personnel, but places certain minimum requirements on the reading unit 433 in the hand-held device, as far as the RF radiation resistance is concerned.
  • the assembly 429a in the hand-held device is designed as a frequency-dependent crossover with a pronounced directional characteristic of the signal paths, so that the search receiver 430, even when the HF generator 432 is continuously operated, on an ISM frequency, the presence or disappearance of label resonances in the de ⁇ detection frequency band can continuously determine.
  • the search receiver merely acts on an evaluation circuit 449 which indicates the presence of a resonance by means of the control display 427 as long as it has not been eliminated by deactivation.
  • the read line and read control line 436 and 437 are connected directly to the cash register;
  • the control 1 display 450 is activated by the cash register to acknowledge the data read in via the line 444, independently of the apparatus 386b, so that a line interface to the cash register is not required in this embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the deactivation is preferably carried out in one go with the readout, ie with the same guided movement of the hand-held device relative to
  • a core idea of the invention in the second embodiment of labels according to the invention comprises an RF transformer which enables the induction of a strong RF current in such labels without extensive spreading of disturbing RF magnetic fields.
  • the invention therefore also covers all modifications of a label according to the invention with regard to the / -fus design of such a transformer, the primary conductor structure of which is accommodated in a cancellation device and the secondary conductor structure of which is located in the label and forms a closed field resonance circuit there in cooperation with at least one capacitance.
  • FIG. 65 illustrates some particularly advantageous embodiments of the inductively acting conductor structures of such an HF transformer.
  • the upper rectangles represent mutually folded conductor loops of the primary conductor structure 380 in the cancellation device, and the lower rectangles of mutually folded conductor loops of the secondary conductor structure 370 or 400 represent part of a resonance circuit in the label.
  • Hatched areas symbolize flat metal coverings in the label, for example capacitor coverings, which can act as inductive short-circuiting means with respect to at least one loop of the primary conductor structure.
  • 65a shows the simplest case in which two conductor loops in the validation device and two conductor loops in the label each comprise the same areas, ie are in a 1: 1 area ratio to one another.
  • the loops can be designed such that they overlap, so that conductor loops of the primary and secondary conductor structure corresponding to one another can also have the same area.
  • Such a configuration is advantageously chosen when the primary conductor structure is only intended to validate the labels according to the invention and does not have to have an open field component, as is required, for example, for querying open field resonance circuits from a certain distance.
  • 65b illustrates two conductor loops in the validation device and two conductor loops in the label, each in an area ratio of 1: 1 to one another.
  • These conductor loops can preferably overlap, so that conductor loops of the primary and secondary conductor structure corresponding to one another can also have the same area.
  • the primary conductor structure also has a third folded loop, which corresponds to no conductor loop and also no metal surface in the label.
  • This third conductor loop can have any expedient shape, in particular it can be wider and / or longer than the remaining two loops, in general in any case have a larger area than the other conductor loops of the primary conductor structure.
  • Such a configuration is advantageously chosen when the primary conductor structure is not only used to invalidate an inventive one
  • 65c illustrates the same case as FIG. 65b with the difference that the third loop of the primary conductor structure corresponds to a metal coating in the label, for example a capacitor coating, which acts as an inductive short-circuiting agent in the label, so that the total ⁇ inductivity of the primary conductor structure can thereby be changed in a targeted manner, while this third loop, in the absence of a label, gives the primary conductor structure an open field component, so that with such a primary conductor, open field resonance circuits can be queried from a certain distance .
  • mutually corresponding conductor loops of the primary and secondary conductor structure can overlap, ie each have the same area.
  • the third conductor loop of the primary conductor structure can be any practical one
  • FIG. 65e shows a special case where both three conductor loops in Entêtsgerä t 'and three Porterschlau ⁇ fen in the label correspond to each other, wherein the loops of both the primary conductor structure and the Se ⁇ kundärleitergechanes in area ratio 1: 1: there are 1 to each other.
  • corresponding loops can also overlap, ie that all loops then have the same surfaces and have the same contour.
  • This configuration is advantageously chosen when the primary conductor structure has to have an additional open field component for the described purpose, and when a remaining open field component of the secondary conductor structure does not interfere (for example with a non-foldable label) or when for close queries of the resonance frequency of the second resonance structure in the label , consisting of the secondary conductor structure and at least one capacitance connected to it, such an open field component of the secondary conductor structure consisting of folded loops is desirable.
  • Secondary conductor structure of the resonance transformer is to be made particularly small, it has proven to be advantageous to design the metal coatings of such a capacitance in such a way that they surround the secondary conductor structure to a certain extent in a U-shape from three sides. This is illustrated by the dashed outline.
  • Such a design of the capacitance of the resonance transformer can also be used very advantageously in other embodiments of such a transformer formed from essentially rectangular conductor loops if corresponding conductor loops of the primary conductor structure are designed to be longer, ie not covering, with conductor loops of the secondary structure, as is the case here is explained below. This results in particularly favorable conditions with regard to a particularly low-loss energy transfer into the label.
  • the scope of the invention naturally encompasses any contour shapes and distributions of corresponding metal coatings of such a capacity, which are connected to the loops of a corresponding secondary conductor structure as a component of such a resonance transformer.
  • a suitable shaping of such metal coverings can also advantageously achieve the effect that not the entire short-circuit surface spanned by such metal coverings corresponds to at least one conductor loop of the primary conductor structure.
  • 65e shows a practically important case in which three conductor loops of the primary conductor structure correspond to three conductor loops of the secondary conductor structure in the label, these loops spanning areas in a ratio of 1: 2: 1 to one another both in the label and in the devaluation device .
  • loops corresponding to one another can overlap, so that they each span the same areas.
  • This configuration is of particular importance if a corresponding resonance transformer e.g. can easily be folded over onto the open field resonance circuit of a label according to the invention and both detection and cancellation are to be ensured, cf. see Fig. 55.
  • Fig. 65f shows analogously to Fig. 65e and analogously to the figures.
  • 65b and 65c a fourth, also turned-over conductor loop of the primary conductor structure in the devaluation device, which either corresponds with no metal coating in the label and thus only an open field component of the primary conductor structure for the mentioned purpose or only a limited change in the inductance of the primary conductor structure when approaching should act on the secondary conductor structure, or when a label according to the invention is validated with a metal coating acting as an inductive short-circuiting agent, for example a capacitor coating, in the label corresponds so that this loop is short-circuited and thus energy is only available from the other three Loops of the primary conductor structure is transferred to the label.
  • a metal coating acting as an inductive short-circuiting agent for example a capacitor coating
  • the fourth loop of the primary conductor structure can also be split into two locally separate individual loops with the same sense of turn (which are therefore not turned over against each other), which preferably connect directly to the three folded-over conductor loops with an area ratio of 1: 2: 1 to each other; Two alternative possibilities are shown on the right, and the same sense of turn is symbolized by current arrows.
  • Characterized bezüg- can lent the accuracy of the track guide like the Pri 'rlei tergebi 1- the relative to the secondary conductor structures in the devaluation a track tolerance, ie a Ver ⁇ within certain limits set the track of the validation device with respect to a Spur ⁇ marker will be admitted on the label, which is particularly important for practical application.
  • a track tolerance ie a Ver ⁇ within certain limits set the track of the validation device with respect to a Spur ⁇ marker will be admitted on the label, which is particularly important for practical application.
  • Such a different length dimensioning of mutually corresponding conductor loops can be used analogously in all cases shown in FIG. 65.
  • the primary conductor structure 510 - shown by way of example in a two-loop design - is embedded in a table top 511 and is fed via a line 385 from an HF current source 386.
  • the label 512 is passed over the table in the region of the primary conductor structure in the orientation specified by the arrow 513.
  • several such primary conductor structures can also be arranged in succession, as is indicated schematically.
  • Fig. 67 illustrates that the resonance transformer can also be implemented in a circular configuration.
  • the conductor loops 521 and 522 of the secondary conductor structure 520 which extend in the circumferential direction, comprise centrally arranged and round metal coatings 374 and 375, which together with the dielectric 499 form a capacitor 376.
  • this construction requires a dielectric 499 which extends over the entire surface of a resonance circuit of such a round design, provided that the superimposed interconnect structures are not provided with an electrically insulating coating facing one another. Conductor tracks on the underside of such a continuously represented dielectric are illustrated in dashed lines.
  • 68a illustrates a label according to the invention with a closed field resonance circuit of this type, which is of circular design, for the cancellation of the label.
  • a closed field resonance circuit of this type which is of circular design, for the cancellation of the label.
  • Such an embodiment performs the same function as that shown in FIG. 55.
  • the rectangular label section 406, which contains the open field resonance circle, is hidden, ie sewn inaccessible into clothing, while the round cancellation section 405a protrudes and is removable from the clothing.
  • 68b illustrates how such a label incorporated into clothing 514 is validated by means of a hand validation device 515, which also contains a primary conductor structure which is likewise circular and has correspondingly turned-over conductor loops.
  • a hand validation device 515 which also contains a primary conductor structure which is likewise circular and has correspondingly turned-over conductor loops.
  • the advantage of a round resonance transformer is that a corresponding hand validation device 515 can be placed with any orientation on the round designed cancellation section 405a, as long as only the primary and secondary conductor structures are covered with sufficient accuracy.
  • Fig. 69a uses the example of a three-loop primary conductor structure 380 to deposit the same with a magnetically highly conductive material, preferably a plate 530 made of ferrite or carbonyl iron.
  • Fig. 69b illustrates the arrangement of such a structure in the head of a hand validation device.
  • the invention comprises that such a one-sided covering of a primary conductor structure by a material that has a magnetic preferred path or magnetic yoke on the label on the opposite side, can be carried out in all the described forms of loop-shaped primary conductor structures and the derivations derived therefrom. With this measure, a particularly low spread of the magnetic field of the current-carrying primary conductor structure can be achieved.
  • such an embodiment allows particularly small dimensions of such a resonance transformer, as it is part of a label according to the invention, because the proximity of the primary conductor structure, together with the magnetic preferred path connected to it, significantly increases the inductance of the secondary conductor structure becomes.
  • an exchange Effect between a Lei loops of the primary conductor structure with a metal surface in the label and at the same time an interaction between the magnetic preferred path in the form of such a ferrite or carbonyl iron cover in the cancellation device and the secondary conductor structure in the label as an inductance of the closed field resonance circuit combined in the sense of a coordination thereof become.
  • Such a magnetically conductive cover of the primary conductor structure may also be such that a portion of the primary conductor structure remains uncovered '.
  • Such a magnetic preferred path can also be provided in a validation device according to FIG. 66 by covering the primary conductor structure 510 there with a suitable magnetic material.
  • the nesting of the conductor tracks of corresponding inductively acting structures is regular (as in FIG. 55), partially irregular (as in Figs. 38, 40, 51 and 53) or completely irregular.
  • "upper" and “lower” conductor tracks alternate along each edge of the open field resonance circuit.
  • corresponding conductor tracks do not alternate regularly along an edge.
  • corresponding conductor tracks do not alternate regularly along at least two edges of a square-shaped open field resonance circuit.
  • Corresponding irregularities can be caused by manufacturing technology and are in any case covered by the invention.
  • FIG. 70 illustrates an example of a label according to the invention, in which a full-length dielectric 499 is located between a one-piece upper conductor track structure 540 and a one-piece lower conductor track structure 541 is arranged. Otherwise, it corresponds entirely to the label according to FIG. 53 except for the type of connection of the two conductor track structures to one another.
  • the lower conductor track structure has a contact surface 332, which is covered by a corresponding contact surface 333a of the upper conductor path structure. Both contact surfaces are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner through the dielectric 499 by means of welding points 500.
  • the upper conductor track structure is provided, for example, with a tapered and fusible connection zone 301a, which is preferably separated by inductive coupling of a sufficiently strong HF current either into the loop-shaped conductor structure 370 or into the outermost turn of the open field resonance circuit designed as a strip line 312 can, in that certain resonance conditions are met in each case at the frequency of the respectively exciting magnetic field.
  • the stripline 312 can also be replaced by a concentrated capacitance and inductive conductor tracks along the edge of such an etet. Since such a resonance structure, covered on both sides by wrapping materials 115 and 116, can also be produced by the method described in US Pat. No. 3,913,219, the scope of the invention also includes labels produced in this way, insofar as they characterize the present invention have and thus correspond with corresponding cancellation facilities.
  • a resonance circuit 600 is sketched, the inductance of which is formed by two eight-shaped loops 601 and 602 of the flat conductor 603, which are connected to the capacitor 376; this capacitor can initially be arranged at any point on the eight-conductor structure. Since the loop 601 has a considerably smaller area than the loop 602 - in practice the loop 601 is designed as a narrow slit - the structure 600 from earlier derivatives preferably has open field properties, ie the largest closes when a current flows in the conductor 603 Part of the field lines outside the boundary contour, which encompasses both loops. Only a part of the field lines that pass through the loop 602 is compensated for by field lines from the loop 601 that close in the loop 602. The structure 600 thus initially has known properties of an open field resonance circuit, as is also used as a detection resonance circuit in the resonance fields of labels previously described.
  • Fig. 71 In the upper part of Fig. 71 is a known eight-shaped conductor structure 380, consisting of two, preferably of equal length and width, i.e. of the same area, conductor loops 381a and 382a, into which an HF alternating current can be fed via a feed line 385.
  • this conductor structure 380 approaches the conductor structure 603 such that the loop 381a covers the loop 601, the loop 382a comes to lie on the loop 602, but only covers a small fraction of the loop 602.
  • an electrically highly conductive surface 611 is provided which is not necessarily electrically conductive, but is mechanically rigidly connected to the loop 382a with the loops 381a and 382a in such a way that, with an optimal overlap of the loops 381a and 601, the part of the conductor structure bordered in dashed lines is covered.
  • This overlap occurs so that just part of the loop 602 remains uncovered, which spans the same area as the loop 601, that is to say generally has the same width as the loop 601, provided the loops 601 and 602 are of the same length.
  • the capacitance 376 is primarily determined by the equivalent inductance that results if the loop 602 is closed with the broken part of the loop 602 separated, so that the resulting replacement loop 602 would then span the same area as the loop 601.
  • a resonance transformer of the type described in the simplest form with loop areas in a ratio of 1: 1 65a can also be realized if both loops folded over in eight form do not comprise the same area.
  • the larger loop area only has to be reduced in a suitable manner by short-circuit masking; the resulting loop area is then determined by the boundary of the covering short-circuit area.
  • this also applies to all other described forms of such a resonance transformer.
  • a transformer with loop areas 1: 1: 1 or 1: 2: 1 can also be realized in the same way without the corresponding loops having to have these area ratios in free space.
  • this means that at least one loop of the secondary conductor structure of such a resonance transformer can be considerably larger than the other, ie that it can even run along the periphery of such a label.
  • it can not only comprise an open field resonance circuit, but can even be part of such a resonance circuit, preferably as the outermost turn of a correspondingly required inductive structure.
  • such a label can be made with the smallest possible area, since the area requirement for conductor tracks is minimal compared to the previously described embodiments.
  • the dimension 616 of the short-circuit area 611 is at least the same size or larger than the dimension 606 of the part of the conductor structure 603 which is not covered by the conductor loops 381a and 382a. Furthermore, a case is selected in which the dimension 617 of the primary conductor loops 381a and 382a - and generally also the short-circuit area 611 - is at most the same, but preferably larger than the corresponding dimension 607 of the conductor structure 603. This configuration is present when the illustrated conditions are transferred, for example, to a stationary devaluation device, as will be shown below. '
  • Openings 618 can also be let into the short-circuit area, so that a structure of several contiguous short-circuit turns, i.e. results in a magnetic blocking surface.
  • the shape of such openings can be adapted to technical requirements, as long as only a sufficient short-circuit effect is ensured by a corresponding conductivity of the material from which the openings are left out.
  • the openings shown as slits can also extend in the direction of dimension 617 along their length. The orientation chosen here in the direction of dimension 616 will be explained later with reference to FIG. 73.
  • FIG. 71 also shows connection points 604 and 605 of conductor tracks which establish a connection to the rest of the open field resonance structure, which is accommodated within the area marked with dashed lines, but is not shown here.
  • Fig. 72a shows a label that is produced according to Fig. 16 or 17; 72b shows the same label produced according to FIG. 18. Strictly speaking, the two labels differ only in the location at which a shutdown element 301 is inserted. However, since such a picture 603 in FIG. 71, both configurations are functionally equivalent.
  • An upper (hatched) and a lower (dotted) conductor track structure are fixed on a carrier 115, between which a dielectric 498 is inserted, filling a part of the label surface, which in connection with metal coverings 306 and 307 a first capacitor 311 and in connection with metal coverings 374 and 375 manufactures a second capacitor 376; it also serves as an insulating material between crossing conductor tracks.
  • the outermost turn of the open field resonance structure is built up by the conductor track pieces 603a, 603b, 603c and 603d and an inserted shutdown element 301. In case a), this is inserted into the conductor track 603c, while the connection of the conductor tracks 603a and
  • 603b is carried out by a folded piece of conductor track 603e.
  • the shutdown element 301 is inserted between contact surfaces 332 and 333, i.e. at the same time it creates the electrical connection between the upper and the lower conductor structure.
  • Short conductor track sections extend from branch points 604 and 605 to the capacitor coverings 374 and 375 such that the conductor track 603c and the boundary of the capacitor cover 375 spans a first loop 601, and that the conductor track 603d and the conductor track running closely next to the conductor track 603c
  • the loop 602 spans a second - fictitious - loop 602.
  • the loop 602 is actually created by the transformer short-circuit effect when the left side of the label is covered up to the contour dimension 606 with a magnetic blocking surface as described.
  • the left of the two loops which are folded in eight, uses conductor tracks, which in the open field resonance circuit - consisting of the capacitor 311 and spirally interleaved conductor tracks 305 - is required or present as the outermost turn.
  • the open field is slightly weakened by field lines emanating from the loop 601; the capacity 376 is not only used for the resonance during the cancellation, but also as a partial capacity frequency of the open field resonance circuit.
  • FIG. 73a first shows a label 621 designed in this way.
  • a data carrier it carries item data 378 in one or more data fields provided for this purpose, preferably in machine-readable form.
  • data can be stored in the form of a bar code or in the form of both legible and machine-readable labeling.
  • the eight-shaped conductor track structure 603 located in the interior of the label is indicated by hatching, without the resonance capacitor 376 being designed as a component (its metal coatings, more precisely the edges of these coatings facing inward toward the capacitor 311, are components of the smaller loop 601).
  • Such a label is therefore particularly suitable for labeling bulk goods; for this purpose it can be provided on its underside with a known self-adhesive layer 699, which allows simple, self-adhesive attachment to sales goods.
  • Fig. 73b illustrates the use of such a label according to the invention in the checkout area; the automatic reading of the article data and the simultaneous deactivation is shown.
  • system parts for the detection of non-deactivated labels have been omitted, since this detection can be carried out with known systems.
  • a sales table 620 goods (not shown in the figures) are led past the checkout.
  • Labels 621 according to the invention are attached to goods to be sold by means of an adhesive layer 699.
  • a described eight-fold folded conductor structure 380 is let into the sales table and is supplied with HF energy by the HF generator 386 via a line 385, preferably via a coaxial device.
  • the RF power an ISM frequency selected, for example 27.12 MHz, to which the capacitor 376 and the remaining conductor track geometry in the label, as well as the parts 611 and 611a and their arrangement with respect to the conductor track structure, are such that the loop covers are dimensionally accurate come about, must be coordinated.
  • Part 611 is the highly conductive short-circuit area already described.
  • Part 611a is a slotted short-circuit area; slots 613 are provided between webs 612. Either only part 611a can be present, or only part 611 can be present if the label is only to be canceled, but not to be read out automatically. In practice, however, both parts are expediently provided, since it is then irrelevant whether the label is guided with one or the other narrow side against the conductor track structure 380.
  • a data scanner 625 preferably in the form of a laser scanner, scans the item data 378 from the label 621 and reads it via the connecting line 626 into the electronic cash register 445, which is connected via line 629 to a central computer stands.
  • the slots 613 are designed in such a way that they form sufficiently wide windows which enable slot-redundant reading of the article data, preferably when data is stored using common bar codes.
  • the slots are sufficiently narrow that upon lateral displacement of the label equally good short ski ußvernos 'l tnisse inside yield.
  • these parts can be designed as a composite laminate which can be produced using known methods of printed circuit board production technology.
  • An interface 386a which has already been described, is also connected to the cash register and is connected via a connecting line 424 to a hand-held reading and validation device 630, as was already explained in FIG. 62; however, it can also be a pure validation device.
  • Such a handheld device is more suitable for handling labels on bulky goods or, for example, on textiles. It can be used for de labels for such special goods may be provided, or at the same time also perform the cancellation and readout of labels 621 according to the invention.
  • a devaluation of labels according to the invention is also possible without the parts 611 and / or 611a; in general, however, a somewhat higher RF power is then required, and the resonance frequency for the devaluation is then somewhat apart from that which is achieved when parts 611 and 611a are used.
  • Validation devices on labels according to the invention can be validated in the same way both manually and automatically.
  • the loop structure in the label can be specially designed, for example there are advantages when using a three-loop conductor structure as a current path at the devaluation frequency and correspondingly adapted primary conductor structures both in the manual devaluation device and in the stationary devaluation device according to FIG. 73.
  • corresponding primary conductor structures can also be deposited with magnetically conductive material, as has already been described in detail. All of these forms of modification in the context of the description already made are also encompassed by the invention.
  • the preferred embodiment of the stationary validation device in connection with an automatic reading system provides both reading and validation directions 379 and 379a.
  • a sufficient angle deviation for practical use, ie the permissibility of a certain oblique feed to the conductor structure 380 is determined by suitable dimensioning of the loop widths in the label and on the primary conductor structure 380 in connection with parts 611 and 611a - if necessary. even without this - secure 1 t.
  • 74 shows a label according to the invention, in which a full-length dielectric 499 is arranged between a one-piece upper conductor track structure 540 and a one-piece lower conductor track structure 541.
  • Spiral traces 305 are exemplary here as belonging to the lower conductor track structure.
  • the basic function is irrespective of this difference and the contacting of a contact surface 333a of the upper conductor track structure with a contact surface 332a of the lower conductor path structure through the dielectric by means of a welding zone 690 that of the embodiment according to FIG. 72.
  • Other corresponding parts are the same as indicated in Fig. 72.
  • FIG. 75 shows a label according to the invention, the wrapping material 116 of which is impregnated with a dye 518 in the region of a connecting element, in particular a shut-off element, which is meltable in the interior melting of the connecting or disconnecting element occurs in the enveloping material, its appearance changes. This makes it easy to differentiate between properly canceled labels and those that have not yet been canceled.
  • all of the labels according to the invention can be provided, in a manner known per se, at least on one side and at least partially with a self-adhesive coating, which allows labels according to the invention to be attached to objects in a simple manner and without the use of additional fastening means allow.
  • This known equipment is thus not only limited to the labels according to FIG. 72 (or FIG. 74).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (1) analogue à une étiquette qui peut être apposé sur un objet et comporte au moins un circuit de résonance fermé ou bien un élément de résonance, qui peut être reconnu par un système de détection à l'aide d'un champ électromagnétique haute fréquence, de sorte que le dispositif est utilisable comme étiquette de sécurité (1) contre le vol de marchandises. Le dispositif peut être invalidé en rendant l'élément de résonance si variable au niveau de ses caractéristiques de résonance ou bien si incapable de fonctionner qu'il n'est pas reconnaissable par le système de détection. L'étiquette (1) possède en particulier un champ de résonance (3) avec l'élément de résonance et un champ d'invalidation (4) avec un système d'invalidation connectable avec le champ de résonance (3) de manière à rendre l'élément de résonance incapable de fonctionner.
EP19850901966 1985-03-08 1985-04-17 Dispositif analogue a une etiquette et son procede de fabrication Withdrawn EP0252071A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853508369 DE3508369A1 (de) 1985-03-08 1985-03-08 Etikettartiges gebilde und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3508369 1985-03-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0252071A1 true EP0252071A1 (fr) 1988-01-13

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ID=6264668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850901966 Withdrawn EP0252071A1 (fr) 1985-03-08 1985-04-17 Dispositif analogue a une etiquette et son procede de fabrication

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EP (1) EP0252071A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3508369A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005302A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4802944A (en) * 1986-09-29 1989-02-07 Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. Method of making deactivatable tags
DE3915188C1 (en) * 1989-05-10 1990-11-22 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Wireless interrogation and current supply method for switches - using capacitative and inductive elements corresp. to sec. winding of transformer
SE500627C2 (sv) * 1990-03-20 1994-08-01 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Handscanner anordnad att optiskt avläsa en streckkod på en vara
DE4442510A1 (de) * 1994-11-30 1996-06-05 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Etikett zur Sicherung eines Artikels gegen Diebstahl
ES2120913B1 (es) * 1997-01-31 1999-06-01 Germark S A Una etiqueta de seguridad y un dispositivo para su fabricacion.
ES2158775B1 (es) * 1999-04-13 2002-03-16 Checkpoint Systems Espana S A Procedimiento de fabricacion de un cuerpo formado por dos hojas de carton plegadas y superpuestas.
DE102010052864A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh Vorrichtung und System zur Herstellung einer Falz

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US3740742A (en) * 1971-05-11 1973-06-19 T Thompson Method and apparatus for actuating an electric circuit
GB2105952A (en) * 1981-08-11 1983-03-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Antitheft label
DE3143208C2 (de) * 1981-10-30 1984-07-05 Max-E. Dipl.-Ing. 7320 Göppingen Reeb Identifizierungsanordnung in Form eines an einem Gegenstand anbringbaren etikettartigen Streifens und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US4498076A (en) * 1982-05-10 1985-02-05 Lichtblau G J Resonant tag and deactivator for use in an electronic security system
DE3221500A1 (de) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-08 Max-E. Dipl.-Ing. 7320 Göppingen Reeb Identifizierungsanordnung in form eines an einem gegenstand anbringbaren gebildes und verfahren zur herstellung

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WO1986005302A1 (fr) 1986-09-12
DE3508369A1 (de) 1986-09-11

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