EP0251372B1 - Electric incandescent lamp for series connection - Google Patents
Electric incandescent lamp for series connection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0251372B1 EP0251372B1 EP87201097A EP87201097A EP0251372B1 EP 0251372 B1 EP0251372 B1 EP 0251372B1 EP 87201097 A EP87201097 A EP 87201097A EP 87201097 A EP87201097 A EP 87201097A EP 0251372 B1 EP0251372 B1 EP 0251372B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- supply wires
- wire
- mass
- power supply
- incandescent lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/62—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp
- H01K1/70—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp with built-in short-circuiting device, e.g. for serially connected lamps
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electric incandescent lamp for series connection with a translucent bulb, in which a filament is arranged between power supply wires that emerge through the wall of the bulb, in which bulb the power supply wires are electrically insulated from one another by a support member and the lamp is on Contains short-circuit element, which bridges the incandescent body and contains a glass mass in which metal powder is dispersed.
- a lamp is known from GB-A-10 77 863.
- the short-circuit element In the case of lamps of this type, the short-circuit element must be practically impermeable to current at the operating voltage, but the overvoltage which occurs when the incandescent body burns while the lamp is operating in series connection becomes conductive.
- the short-circuit element consists of a sintered mixture of glass powder and iron powder, which is melted or sintered onto the power supply wires.
- the mixture can be introduced into a hollow support member, itself formed as a support member or sintered on the outside of the lamp bulb.
- This short-circuit element connecting the power supply wires initially acts as an insulator, but is said to break down when a high electrical voltage is applied and thus short-circuit the lamp when the incandescent body burns out.
- GB-A-10 77 863 also mentions a short-circuit element for electric incandescent lamps for series connection, which consists of copper oxide powder and glass powder.
- This organ is also non-conductive in the normal state and should only become conductive when an overvoltage is applied. It has been found in practice that this organ does not work reliably either.
- incandescent lamp known from GB-A-839 160 with a short-circuit element made from a paste of copper powder, magnesium oxide and silicone resin, the proportion of magnesium oxide being 18 to 24% by weight of the copper proportion.
- This organ is also non-conductive, but should become conductive when an overvoltage is applied.
- the invention has for its object to provide an electric incandescent lamp of the type mentioned with a short-circuit element which responds reliably when the incandescent body burns through and bridges the lamp in an electrically conductive manner.
- this lamp should also be easy to manufacture in mass production.
- the electric incandescent lamp of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that at least one of the power supply wires consists of nickel wire, copper wire or copper sheathed wire and the glass mass is a fused mass which is 50 to 70% by weight of glass and 30 to 50% by weight. % of copper powder dispersed therein and with the power supply wires is fused, wherein the aforementioned power supply wire has an oxide skin at its melting point in the glass mass, which breaks through when the incandescent body burns through.
- the glass mass with copper powder dispersed in it is electrically conductive right from the start due to its high copper content.
- the resistance to the direct passage of current is generated by the oxide skin located at the melting point on the power supply wire, the thickness and thus breakdown voltage of which can be controlled by the conditions during the melting.
- This lamp has only one parameter that determines the breakdown voltage. All other known solutions, however, depend on several parameters and are therefore more vulnerable and more difficult to control from the outset.
- both power supply wires consist of nickel wire, copper wire or copper sheath wire and have an oxide skin at their melting points.
- the short-circuit element then comprises the already electrically conductive mass of fused glass and copper powder dispersed therein and the two initially non-conductive oxide skins.
- the glass mass with copper powder of the incandescent lamp according to the invention dispersed therein can either be melted onto the support member holding the power supply wires, as the support member connecting the power supply wires in an electrically insulating manner, or can be fused to the bulb on the outside of the bulb.
- a mixture of copper powder and glass powder can be pressed into a ring and sintered, after which the ring is attached to the support member provided with the power supply wires and melted until the ring material on the support member forms a connection between the power supply wires.
- the short-circuit element can be produced on the outside of the piston.
- the mass itself is to be designed as a support member for the power supply wires
- a mixture of copper powder and glass powder can be pressed and sintered, whereupon the ring is placed on the power supply wires which are arranged at a distance from one another and then melted to form an electrically conductive support member.
- a glass is advantageously chosen that does not soften at the operating temperature of the lamp, but is easy to process. Glasses with a melting point in the range of 500-600 ° C have proven to be advantageous.
- the oxide skin on a power supply wire can be easily, e.g. when it melts into the glass mass.
- the thickness of the oxide skin can be easily controlled by means of a protective gas jet directed at the melting point. A small number of attempts are sufficient to determine the conditions for obtaining a desired breakdown voltage.
- both power supply wires can have an oxide skin at the melting point.
- the lamps contain a short-circuit element 5, which bridges the incandescent body 2 and contains a glass mass 5 with metal powder dispersed therein.
- the lamps are each provided with a screw base 7, which is connected to the power supply wires 3.
- the glass mass 6 is a fused mass which contains 50 to 70% by weight of glass and 30 to 50% by weight of copper powder dispersed therein and which is fused to the power supply wires 3.
- the power supply wires 3 have an oxide skin 8 at their melting points in the glass mass 6, which breaks through when the incandescent body 2 burns through.
- the glass mass 6 is a layer in FIG. 1, which is located on the support member 4; 2, the glass mass 6 itself forms the support member 4.
- the glass mass 6 with the copper powder dispersed therein is already electrically conductive at the beginning of the life of the lamps.
- the mass has a resistance of about 1 ohm.
- the power supply wires 3 are connected to one another in an electrically insulating manner, since the Mass 6 attacks the oxide skin 8 of the wires 3.
- the mass 6 contains 60.4% by weight of glass, for example lead borosilicate glass with a melting point of about 550 ° C., and 39.6% by weight of copper powder, for example powder with a particle size between 8 and 60 ⁇ m with 90% by weight between 8 and 40 ⁇ m.
- the short-circuit element in these lamps consists of the mass 6 and the oxide skins 8. Due to these oxide skins 8, there is an electrically non-conductive connection between the power supply wires 3 at the beginning of the life of the lamps, but when the incandescent body 2 burns out during operation of the lamps in series connection, the full voltage, which leads the row, on the short-circuit element 6, 8. The oxide skins 8 break through and the short-circuit element 6, 8 becomes electrically conductive.
- the thickness of the oxide skins is chosen so that the breakdown voltage of the short-circuit element is between 50 and 200 V. In the exemplary embodiments described, the thickness of the oxide skins is 4 ⁇ m.
- the lamp according to the invention has proven to be very reliable and easy to manufacture.
- Composition 6 can be made by adding 58% by weight glass powder, 38% by weight copper powder and 4% by weight binder, e.g. Acrylic resin, mixed and pressed into rings.
- the rings can be sintered for solidification, e.g. for 20 seconds at 625 - 635 ° C. During this and when the rings fuse with the power supply wires, the binder decomposes and the decomposition products escape.
- the thickness of the oxide skins 8 is during the melting process by blowing with a protective gas, e.g. Nitrogen, can be influenced.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine elektrische Glühlampe für Reihenschaltung mit einem lichtdurchlässigen Kolben, in dem ein Glühkörper zwischen Stromzuführungsdrähten angeordnet ist, die durch die Wand des Kolbens heraustreten, wobei in diesem Kolben die Stromzuführungsdrähte durch ein Stützorgan elektrisch isolierend miteinander verbunden sind und die Lampe ein Kurzschlußorgan enthält, das den Glühkörper überbrückt und eine Glasmasse enthält, in der Metallpulver dispergiert ist. Eine derartige Lampe ist aus der GB-A-10 77 863 bekannt.The invention relates to an electric incandescent lamp for series connection with a translucent bulb, in which a filament is arranged between power supply wires that emerge through the wall of the bulb, in which bulb the power supply wires are electrically insulated from one another by a support member and the lamp is on Contains short-circuit element, which bridges the incandescent body and contains a glass mass in which metal powder is dispersed. Such a lamp is known from GB-A-10 77 863.
Bei derartigen Lampen muß das Kurzschlußorgan bei Betriebsspannung praktisch stromundurchlässig sein, bei der beim Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers im Betrieb der Lampe in Reihenschaltung auftretenden Überspannung jedoch stromleitend werden.In the case of lamps of this type, the short-circuit element must be practically impermeable to current at the operating voltage, but the overvoltage which occurs when the incandescent body burns while the lamp is operating in series connection becomes conductive.
Bei der aus der GB-A-10 77 863 bekannten Glühlampe besteht das Kurzschlußorgan aus einer gesinterten Mischung von Glaspulver und Eisenpulver, die an den Stromzuführungsdrähten angeschmolzen oder angesintert ist. Die Mischung kann in ein hohles Stützorgan eingebracht, selbst als Stützorgan ausgebildet oder an der Außenseite des Lampenkolbens angesintert sein. Dieses die Stromzuführungsdrähte verbindende Kurzschlußorgan wirkt zunächst als Isolator, soll jedoch bei Anlegen einer hohen elektrischen Spannung durchschlagen und somit die Lampe beim Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers kurzschließen. Der Durchschlag, der bei Überspannung in diesem Kurzschlußorgan auftreten soll, ist von schwer kontrollierbaren Größen, wie Mischung der Pulver, Korngrößenverteilung, Anschmelzung oder Ansinterung an den Stromzuführungsdrähten, Feuchtigkeitsgehalt bei der Fertigung der Lampe usw. stark abhängig. Deshalb läßt sich ein zuverlässiges Kurzschlußorgan nur sehr schwer herstellen.In the incandescent lamp known from GB-A-10 77 863, the short-circuit element consists of a sintered mixture of glass powder and iron powder, which is melted or sintered onto the power supply wires. The mixture can be introduced into a hollow support member, itself formed as a support member or sintered on the outside of the lamp bulb. This short-circuit element connecting the power supply wires initially acts as an insulator, but is said to break down when a high electrical voltage is applied and thus short-circuit the lamp when the incandescent body burns out. The breakdown that is to occur in this short-circuit element in the event of overvoltage is difficult to control Sizes such as mixture of powders, particle size distribution, melting or sintering on the power supply wires, moisture content in the manufacture of the lamp, etc. are heavily dependent. It is therefore very difficult to manufacture a reliable short-circuit element.
In der GB-A-10 77 863 ist ferner ein Kurzschlußorgan für elektrische Glühlampen für Reihenschaltung erwähnt, das aus Kupferoxidpulver und Glaspulver besteht. Auch dieses Organ ist im Normalzustand nichtleitend und soll erst bei Anlegen von Überspannung leitend werden. Es hat sich in der Praxis herausgestellt, daß auch dieses Organ nicht zuverlässig arbeitet.GB-A-10 77 863 also mentions a short-circuit element for electric incandescent lamps for series connection, which consists of copper oxide powder and glass powder. This organ is also non-conductive in the normal state and should only become conductive when an overvoltage is applied. It has been found in practice that this organ does not work reliably either.
Dasselbe gilt für eine aus der GB-A-839 160 bekannte Glühlampe mit einem Kurzschlußorgan aus einer Paste aus Kupferpulver, Magnesiumoxid und Silikonharz, wobei der Anteil an Magnesiumoxid 18 bis 24 Gew.% des Kupferanteils beträgt. Auch dieses Organ ist nichtleitend, soll aber bei Anlegen einer Überspannung leitend werden.The same applies to an incandescent lamp known from GB-A-839 160 with a short-circuit element made from a paste of copper powder, magnesium oxide and silicone resin, the proportion of magnesium oxide being 18 to 24% by weight of the copper proportion. This organ is also non-conductive, but should become conductive when an overvoltage is applied.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine elektrische Glühlampe der eingangs erwähnten Art mit einem Kurzschlußorgan zu schaffen, das zuverlässig beim Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers anspricht und die Lampe elektrisch leitend überbrückt. Darüber hinaus soll diese Lampe auch in einer Massenfertigung leicht herstellbar sein.The invention has for its object to provide an electric incandescent lamp of the type mentioned with a short-circuit element which responds reliably when the incandescent body burns through and bridges the lamp in an electrically conductive manner. In addition, this lamp should also be easy to manufacture in mass production.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei der elektrischen Glühlampe eingangs erwähnter Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens einer der Stromzuführungsdrähte aus Nickeldraht, Kupferdraht oder Kupfermanteldraht besteht und die Glasmasse eine verschmolzene Masse ist, die 50 bis 70 Gew.% Glas und 30 bis 50 Gew.% darin dispergiertes Kupferpulver enthält und mit den Stromzuführungsdrähten verschmolzen ist, wobei der erwähnte Stromzuführungsdraht an seiner Einschmelzstelle in der Glasmasse eine Oxidhaut hat, die beim Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers durchschlägt.This object is achieved with the electric incandescent lamp of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that at least one of the power supply wires consists of nickel wire, copper wire or copper sheathed wire and the glass mass is a fused mass which is 50 to 70% by weight of glass and 30 to 50% by weight. % of copper powder dispersed therein and with the power supply wires is fused, wherein the aforementioned power supply wire has an oxide skin at its melting point in the glass mass, which breaks through when the incandescent body burns through.
Hierbei ist die Glasmasse mit darin dispergiertem Kupferpulver wegen ihres hohen Gehalts an Kupfer schon von Anfang an elektrisch leitend. Bei dieser Lampe wird der Widerstand gegen den direkten Stromdurchgang durch die an der Einschmelzstelle auf dem Stromzuführungsdraht befindliche Oxidhaut erzeugt, deren Dicke und damit Durchschlagspannung sich durch die Bedingungen bei der Einschmelzung steuern läßt. Man hat bei dieser Lampe also nur einen einzigen Parameter, der die Durchschlagspannung bestimmt. Alle anderen bekannten Lösungen sind dagegen von mehreren Parametern abhängig und damit von vornherein stärker gefährdet und schwerer kontrollierbar.Here, the glass mass with copper powder dispersed in it is electrically conductive right from the start due to its high copper content. With this lamp, the resistance to the direct passage of current is generated by the oxide skin located at the melting point on the power supply wire, the thickness and thus breakdown voltage of which can be controlled by the conditions during the melting. This lamp has only one parameter that determines the breakdown voltage. All other known solutions, however, depend on several parameters and are therefore more vulnerable and more difficult to control from the outset.
Es ist vorteilhaft, daß beide Stromzuführungsdrähte aus Nickeldraht, Kupferdraht oder Kupfermanteldraht bestehen und an ihren Einschmelzstellen eine Oxidhaut besitzen. Das Kurzschlußorgan umfaßt dann die bereits anfänglich elektrisch leitende Masse aus verschmolzenem Glas und darin dispergiertem Kupferpulver und die beiden anfänglich nichtleitenden Oxidhäute.It is advantageous that both power supply wires consist of nickel wire, copper wire or copper sheath wire and have an oxide skin at their melting points. The short-circuit element then comprises the already electrically conductive mass of fused glass and copper powder dispersed therein and the two initially non-conductive oxide skins.
Die Glasmasse mit darin dispergiertem Kupferpulver der Glühlampe nach der Erfindung kann entweder auf das die Stromzuführungsdrähte halternde Stützorgan aufgeschmolzen, als das die Stromzuführungsdrähte elektrisch isolierend verbindende Stützorgan ausgebildet oder an der Außenseite des Kolbens mit dem Kolben verschmolzen sein.The glass mass with copper powder of the incandescent lamp according to the invention dispersed therein can either be melted onto the support member holding the power supply wires, as the support member connecting the power supply wires in an electrically insulating manner, or can be fused to the bulb on the outside of the bulb.
Wenn die Masse auf ein Stützorgan aufgeschmolzen werden muß, kann ein Gemisch von Kupferpulver und Glaspulver zu einem Ring gepreßt und gesintert werden, worauf der Ring auf dem mit den Stromzuführungsdrähten versehenen Stützorgan angebracht und aufgeschmolzen wird, bis das Ringmaterial auf dem Stützorgan eine Verbindung zwischen den Stromzuführungsdrähten bildet. Auf ähnliche Weise kann das Kurzschlußorgan an der Außenseite des Kolbens hergestellt werden.If the mass has to be melted onto a support member, a mixture of copper powder and glass powder can be pressed into a ring and sintered, after which the ring is attached to the support member provided with the power supply wires and melted until the ring material on the support member forms a connection between the power supply wires. In a similar way, the short-circuit element can be produced on the outside of the piston.
Soll die Masse selbst als Stützorgan für die Stromzuführungsdrähte ausgebildet sein, so kann ein Gemisch von Kupferpulver und Glaspulver zu einem Ring gepreßt und gesintert werden, worauf der Ring auf die im Abstand voneinander angeordneten Stromzuführungsdrähte gebracht und anschließend zu einem elektrisch leitenden Stützorgan geschmolzen wird.If the mass itself is to be designed as a support member for the power supply wires, a mixture of copper powder and glass powder can be pressed and sintered, whereupon the ring is placed on the power supply wires which are arranged at a distance from one another and then melted to form an electrically conductive support member.
Vorteilhaft wird ein Glas gewählt, daß bei der Betriebstemperatur der Lampe nicht erweicht, sich aber einfach verarbeiten läßt. Gläser mit einem Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von 500 - 600°C haben sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen.A glass is advantageously chosen that does not soften at the operating temperature of the lamp, but is easy to process. Glasses with a melting point in the range of 500-600 ° C have proven to be advantageous.
Die Oxidhaut auf einem Stromzuführungsdraht läßt sich einfach, z.B. bei der Einschmelzung in die Glasmasse, erzeugen. Die Dicke der Oxidhaut läßt sich einfach mittels eines auf die Einschmelzstelle gerichteten Schutzgasstrahls steuern. Eine geringe Anzahl von Versuchen genügt bereits, die Bedingungen zum Erhalten einer gewünschten Durchschlagspannung zu ermitteln. Statt eines können beide Stromzuführungsdrähte an der Einschmelzstelle eine Oxidhaut aufweisen.The oxide skin on a power supply wire can be easily, e.g. when it melts into the glass mass. The thickness of the oxide skin can be easily controlled by means of a protective gas jet directed at the melting point. A small number of attempts are sufficient to determine the conditions for obtaining a desired breakdown voltage. Instead of one, both power supply wires can have an oxide skin at the melting point.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Lampe nach der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine erste Lampe in Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 2 eine zweite Lampe in Seitenansicht.
- 1 shows a first lamp in side view,
- Fig. 2 shows a second lamp in side view.
Die Lampen nach Fig. 1 und 2 enthalten einen lichtdurchlässigen Kolben 1 aus Glas, in dem ein Glühkörper 2 zwischen Stromzuführungsdrähten 3 angeordnet ist, die durch die Wand des Kolbens 1 heraustreten. Im Kolben 1 sind die Stromzuführungsdrähte 3 durch ein Stützorgan 4 elektrisch isolierend miteinander verbunden. Die Lampen enthalten ein Kurzschlußorgan 5, das den Glühkörper 2 überbrückt und eine Glasmasse 5 mit darin dispergiertem Metallpulver enthält. Die Lampen sind mit je einem Schraubsockel 7 versehen, der mit den Stromzuführungsdrähten 3 verbunden ist.1 and 2 contain a translucent bulb 1 made of glass, in which an incandescent body 2 is arranged between power supply wires 3, which emerge through the wall of the bulb 1. In the piston 1, the power supply wires 3 are connected to one another in an electrically insulating manner by a support member 4. The lamps contain a short-circuit element 5, which bridges the incandescent body 2 and contains a glass mass 5 with metal powder dispersed therein. The lamps are each provided with a screw base 7, which is connected to the power supply wires 3.
Die Lampen nach Fig. 1 und 2 enthalten Stromzuführungsdrähte 3, die aus Nickeldraht, Kupferdraht oder Kupfermanteldraht bestehen. Die Glasmasse 6 ist eine verschmolzene Masse, die 50 bis 70 Gew.% Glas und 30 bis 50 Gew.% darin dispergiertes Kupferpulver enthält und mit den Stromzuführungsdrähten 3 verschmolzen ist. Die Stromzuführungsdrähte 3 besitzen an ihren Einschmelzstellen in der Glasmasse 6 eine Oxidhaut 8, die beim Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers 2 durchschlägt.1 and 2 contain power supply wires 3, which consist of nickel wire, copper wire or copper sheathed wire. The
Die Glasmasse 6 ist in Fig. 1 eine Schicht, die sich auf dem Stützorgan 4 befindet; in Fig. 2 bildet die Glasmasse 6 selbst das Stützorgan 4.The
Die Glasmasse 6 mit dem darin dispergiertem Kupferpulver ist bereits beim Beginn der Lebensdauer der Lampen elektrisch leitend. Die Masse hat einen Widerstand von etwa 1 Ohm. Dennoch sind die Stromzuführungsdrähte 3 elektrisch isolierend miteinander verbunden, da die Masse 6 bei der Oxidhaut 8 der Drähte 3 angreift. Die Masse 6 enthält 60,4 Gew.% Glas, z.B. Bleiborosilikatglas mit einem Schmelzpunkt von etwa 550°C, und 39,6 Gew.% Kupferpulver, z.B. Pulver mit einer Korngröße zwischen 8 und 60 µm mit 90 Gew.% zwischen 8 und 40 µm.The
Das Kurzschlußorgan besteht bei diesen Lampen aus der Masse 6 und den Oxidhäuten 8. Durch diese Oxidhäute 8 gibt es beim Beginn der Lebensdauer der Lampen eine elektrisch nichtleitende Verbindung zwischen den Stromzuführungsdrähten 3, aber bem Durchbrennen des Glühkörpers 2 im Betrieb der Lampen in Reihenschaltung liegt die volle Spannung, die die Reihe führt, am Kurzschlußorgan 6, 8. Die Oxidhäute 8 schlagen durch und das Kurzschlußorgan 6, 8 wird elektrisch leitend.The short-circuit element in these lamps consists of the
Die Dicke der Oxidhäute ist so gewählt, daß das die Durchschlagspannung des Kurzschlußorgans zwischen 50 und 200 V beträgt. In den beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Dicke der Oxidhäute 4 µm.The thickness of the oxide skins is chosen so that the breakdown voltage of the short-circuit element is between 50 and 200 V. In the exemplary embodiments described, the thickness of the oxide skins is 4 μm.
Die Lampe nach der Erfindung hat sich als sehr zuverlässig und als einfach herstellbar erwiesen.The lamp according to the invention has proven to be very reliable and easy to manufacture.
Die Masse 6 kann hergestellt werden, indem 58 Gew.% Glaspulver, 38 Gew.% Kupferpulver und 4 Gew.% Bindemittel, z.B. Acrylatharz, gemischt und zu Ringen gepreßt werden. Zur Verfestigung können die Ringe gesintert werden, z.B. während 20 Sekunden bei 625 - 635°C. Dabei und bei der Verschmelzung der Ringe mit den Stromzuführungsdrähten zersetzt sich das Bindemittel und entweichen die Zersetzungsprodukte. Die Dicke der Oxidhäute 8 ist während des Einschmelzverfahrens durch Anblasen mit einem Schutzgas, z.B. Stickstoff, beeinflußbar.
Claims (4)
- An electric incandescent lamp for series arrangement comprising a translucent envelope (1) in which a filament (2) is arranged between current-supply wires (3) which extend through the wall of the envelope (1) to the exterior, the current-supply wires (3) in this envelope (1) being interconnected in an electrically insulating manner by means of a support member (4) and the lamp comprising a short-circuit element (5) which shunts the filament (2) and comprises a vitreous mass (6) in which metal powder is dispersed, characterized in that at least one of the current-supply wires (3) is made from nickel wire, copper wire or copperclad wire and the vitreous mass (6) is a fused mass comprising 50 to 70% by weight of glass and 30 to 50% by weight of copper powder dispersed therein and is fused to the current-supply wires (3), the said current-supply wire (3) having at its sealing-in area in the vitreous mass (6) an oxide skin (8) which breaks down when the filament (2) burns through.
- An electric incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that both current-supply wires (3) are made from nickel wire, copper wire or copperclad wire.
- An electric incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vitreous mass (6) is applied by fusion to the support member (4).
- An electric incandescent lamp as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vitreous mass (6) constitutes the support member (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3620373 | 1986-06-18 | ||
DE19863620373 DE3620373A1 (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | ELECTRIC BULB FOR SERIES CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0251372A2 EP0251372A2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
EP0251372A3 EP0251372A3 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
EP0251372B1 true EP0251372B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 |
Family
ID=6303186
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87201097A Expired - Lifetime EP0251372B1 (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1987-06-11 | Electric incandescent lamp for series connection |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4808885A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0251372B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0719586B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1291204C (en) |
DE (2) | DE3620373A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4334510A1 (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1994-02-24 | Gluehlampenwerk Oberweisbach G | Electrical glow lamp - comprising current bridge having active electrical region and passive mechanical region |
US6583536B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2003-06-24 | James W Gibboney, Jr. | Multiple, sequential filament lamp |
US7029145B2 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2006-04-18 | Integrated Power Components, Inc. | Low voltage decorative light string including power supply |
WO2002075862A1 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-26 | Integrated Power Components, Inc. | Decorative light string having shunt repair device |
US6642660B1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2003-11-04 | Whiter Shieh | Filament shunt member for decorative lamp |
US20050110427A1 (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-05-26 | Frederick W. R. | Decorative light strings |
US20050152140A1 (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-07-14 | Frederick W. R. | Decorative sheeting with illuminated sources |
US7253556B1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2007-08-07 | Tech Patent Licensing, Llc | Light string socket with mechanical shunt |
US7554266B1 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2009-06-30 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Mechanical shunt for use in a socket in a string of lights |
US7943211B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2011-05-17 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Three dimensional displays having deformable constructions |
US7453194B1 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-11-18 | Gibboney James W | Mechanical shunt for use in the sockets of a string of lights |
US20100289415A1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-18 | Johnny Chen | Energy efficient decorative lighting |
US20110085327A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-14 | Johnny Chen | Decorative light display with LEDs |
US8568015B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2013-10-29 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Decorative light string for artificial lighted tree |
US8298633B1 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2012-10-30 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Multi-positional, locking artificial tree trunk |
US9157587B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2015-10-13 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Conformal power adapter for lighted artificial tree |
US8569960B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2013-10-29 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd | Conformal power adapter for lighted artificial tree |
US8876321B2 (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2014-11-04 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular lighted artificial tree |
US9044056B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2015-06-02 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with electrical connector |
US9572446B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2017-02-21 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with locking trunk and locking electrical connectors |
US9179793B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2015-11-10 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with rotation-lock electrical connectors |
US10206530B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2019-02-19 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with locking trunk |
US9671074B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2017-06-06 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with trunk connectors |
US9439528B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2016-09-13 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Modular tree with locking trunk and locking electrical connectors |
US9894949B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2018-02-20 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Lighted artificial tree with improved electrical connections |
US8870404B1 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2014-10-28 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Dual-voltage lighted artificial tree |
US9883566B1 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2018-01-30 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Control of modular lighted artificial trees |
US10683974B1 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2020-06-16 | Willis Electric Co., Ltd. | Decorative lighting control |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE82315C (en) * | ||||
DE39886C (en) * | E. H. JOHNSON in New-York City, V. St. A | Innovation in electric light bulbs | ||
AT82135B (en) * | 1913-10-23 | 1920-12-27 | John Venning | Safety device for electrical circuits. |
US1681471A (en) * | 1926-01-29 | 1928-08-21 | Eckhardt Fritz | Safety device for series-connected incandescent electric lamps |
US1992844A (en) * | 1931-07-23 | 1935-02-26 | Gen Electric | Cut-out for electric lamps |
GB839160A (en) * | 1957-05-18 | 1960-06-29 | Lumalampan Ab | Improvements in or relating to electric lamps |
DE1489462A1 (en) * | 1965-03-15 | 1969-04-24 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Electric incandescent lamp for series connection with a resistor body bridging the power supply wires |
FR1471502A (en) * | 1965-03-15 | 1967-03-03 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Incandescent electric lamp for series connection with a resistance body connecting the metal wires for supplying the current |
US3611010A (en) * | 1969-09-15 | 1971-10-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Series-type electric incandescent lamp with integral automatic cutout means |
US4233543A (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1980-11-11 | General Electric Company | Internal shunt for series connected lamps |
US4340841A (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1982-07-20 | General Electric Company | Internal shunt for series connected lamps |
-
1986
- 1986-06-18 DE DE19863620373 patent/DE3620373A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1987
- 1987-06-11 EP EP87201097A patent/EP0251372B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-11 DE DE8787201097T patent/DE3785607D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-15 JP JP62147168A patent/JPH0719586B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-18 US US07/063,616 patent/US4808885A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-18 CA CA000540072A patent/CA1291204C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0719586B2 (en) | 1995-03-06 |
US4808885A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
EP0251372A3 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
DE3620373A1 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
DE3785607D1 (en) | 1993-06-03 |
CA1291204C (en) | 1991-10-22 |
EP0251372A2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
JPS632245A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0251372B1 (en) | Electric incandescent lamp for series connection | |
DE2526037C3 (en) | Surge arresters | |
DE1212220B (en) | Semiconductor arrangement with a housing closed by a lamellar cover | |
DE2245717A1 (en) | ELECTRODE WITH A POROUS SINTER BODY | |
DE3606364A1 (en) | ELECTRIC IGNITION BRIDGE FOR THE APPLICATION OF APPLICATION SETS, DELAY SETS AND PYROTECHNICAL MIXTURES, AND FOR THE PRIMING OF PRIMARY IGNITION SUBSTANCES AND SETS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF | |
DE583836C (en) | Method for manufacturing an equipotential cathode | |
DE2723380A1 (en) | GLAZED OBJECT | |
DE2920042C2 (en) | ||
DE2750002C2 (en) | ||
DE2421377B2 (en) | NON-MELTING ELECTRODE FOR ARC PROCESSES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF | |
DE3106763C2 (en) | Process for the production of a surge arrester with a barium-containing electrode coating | |
DE1539443C3 (en) | Sign indicating cathode glow tube | |
DE3043193A1 (en) | ELECTRIC LAMP | |
DE907808C (en) | Current lead through walls made of glass or quartz | |
DE2354697C2 (en) | Gas-filled surge arrester | |
DE19523338A1 (en) | Discharge type overvoltage protection device for protection of electronic circuits | |
DE2106511C3 (en) | Gas discharge surge arrester | |
DE1639091C3 (en) | Electric light bulb for series connection | |
DE3234024A1 (en) | High-voltage resistant fuse link arrangement | |
DE3905315A1 (en) | Electroconductive glass composition | |
DE1036138B (en) | Spark igniter | |
DE1640007B2 (en) | CONTACT PIECE FOR ELECTRIC LOW VOLTAGE AC SWITCHES | |
DE3105195A1 (en) | SURGE ARRESTERS | |
DE1564954A1 (en) | Sockets for semiconductor devices and methods for their manufacture | |
DE1002462B (en) | Electric lamp and process for its manufacture |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900517 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920619 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3785607 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19930603 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: ING. C. GREGORJ S.P.A. |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19930726 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19940527 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19940629 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19940630 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19940826 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
ITPR | It: changes in ownership of a european patent |
Owner name: CAMBIO RAGIONE SOCIALE;PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19950523 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: CD |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19950611 |
|
NLT1 | Nl: modifications of names registered in virtue of documents presented to the patent office pursuant to art. 16 a, paragraph 1 |
Owner name: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19960101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19950611 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19960229 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19960101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19960301 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19960630 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. Effective date: 19960630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050611 |