EP0250854A1 - Apparatus for applying designs to a textile web - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid, foam-shaped or pasty treatment agent is applied to a textile or similar material web (1). The fabric (1) provided with the treatment agent is passed through a gap, in which the fabric (1) is resiliently pressed against a counter surface (24) with a pattern-wise uneven pressure in an area extending over the width of the fabric (1) Example by means of several pillows (35) which are arranged in a side-by-side arrangement and can be inflated independently of one another. The uneven pressing primarily serves to achieve a uniform treatment, in particular staining failure, despite the wide range of uneven conditions, but also for sampling.

Description

The invention relates to a method of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and a device of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 2.

Such a method and such a device are known from DE-OS 33 15 770. The gap is bounded on one side by a bulging application bar, which forms the counter surface, in which a slot extending across the web is arranged, from which the treatment agent can be expressed. Opposite the slot is an elongate cushion which extends across the width of the web and which bears on the side facing away from the gap against a fixed support. The cushion is covered by a slide film, which is fixed on the edge opposite to the direction of advance. The material web is pulled between the counter surface and the slide film, the treatment agent emerging from the slot in the material web being pressed into the material web becomes. Since the pillow extends over the entire width of the web and the pressure in the pillow propagates evenly, there is also a uniform pressure across the width of the web.

Another embodiment of the generic type is known from FR-PS 13 81 081. Here, a vertical narrow treatment agent is filled and through which the web is passed from top to bottom. At the lower end of the treatment trough, the walls of the treatment trough parallel to the web lie on the web from both sides and are pressed against one another by pressure hoses which are opposite one another and act from the outside against the lower wall parts.

In this case, the counter surface is also resilient and the treatment agent is not supplied in the counter surface, but rather in the fill level in the trough through which the material web passes.

In the first embodiment, the web of material is drawn between the counter surface and the slide film, in the second embodiment between the walls of the trough pressed against one another. So you must have a certain tensile strength. In addition, a certain amount of pressing or massaging in of the treatment agent into the web is part of the function of the known devices. The web of goods must therefore have a certain absorption capacity for the treatment agent.

First and foremost, textile webs such as fabrics and, in particular, fabrics with a pile are considered as webs. However, even thicker nonwovens with sufficient tensile strength can be processed by the method. Otherwise there are no restrictions with regard to the webs.

The embodiment according to DE-OS 33 15 770 has proven itself in practice for dyeing carpets, but also flat fabrics.

However, it has been found on some occasions that the treatment agent application is very sensitive to the pressure acting on the web as it passes through the gap. If the pressure increases at one point, the material web receives significantly less treatment agent there. This is understandably particularly noticeable in the case of polar articles and is also plausible insofar as the volume of the pole is reduced as a result of the compression and thus the volume of the liquid is taken away and at the same time the remaining volume of the pole becomes less absorbent for the liquid because the material is more compacted and for this reason is no longer so absorbent. The two effects therefore overlap, and even relatively slight differences in pressure result, for example, in the case of dyeings with liquid treatment agent, and clearly discernible differences in the color depth. This can lead to problems with uniformity, particularly at the edge of the web, where the uniformity of the print can sometimes not be completely guaranteed, and where the structure and edge position of the web also absorbs the dyeing liquid differently from the center, even with uniform pressure the coloring.

The invention is therefore based on the object, on the one hand, to be able to ensure uniform treatment over the surface, on the one hand, with different acceptance of the treatment agent by the material web, or on the other hand, to make positive use of the recognized sensitivity of the method to different pressures for sampling purposes.

This task is solved in its procedural aspect by the feature reproduced in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The resilient pressure that is exerted on the web in the gap is therefore no longer necessarily uniform across the entire width of the web, but can deliberately be made uneven.

This is done partly for the purpose of ensuring on the web that the treatment agent is unevenly coated with pressure fluid and thus a uniform treatment failure. This is an essential aspect of the invention.

On the other hand, however, the different pressure controls can result in a different failure of the pattern over the surface of the web, for example a shaded or opaque coloration, as may be desirable with some fashionable fabrics or with floor coverings. The pattern-uneven specific pressure can be spatial, i.e. in the transverse direction of the web, as well as temporally when passing through the gap, so that different color depths prevail in different areas along the web at one and the same point in the width direction.

The device-based solution of the task is given in claim 2.

When it comes to treating a web of material as uniformly as possible across the width, the embodiment shown in claim 3 has proven to be sufficient in many cases. The two edge areas can be acted upon independently of the evenly held central area.

A first type of device-based realization of the inventive concept is given in claim 4.

A "pillow" is understood here to mean a hollow body with flexible walls, which is filled with a fluid medium under a certain pressure and receives an even internal pressure over its entire extent and also passes this internal pressure to the web essentially evenly when it is applied against the web .

Such an arrangement is the subject of DE-OS 33 15 770. The continuous pillow there is divided into several sections or individual pillows adjoining one another across the width of the web, which are independent of one another with the fluid, in the realization of the inventive idea in question Medium can be filled or inflated so that an essentially uniform pressure can be exerted in the area of a single section, but different pressures can be exerted in adjacent sections.

A characteristic of a "pillow" in this sense is that the internal pressure propagates evenly over the entire extent.

But there are other resilient pressing elements that reflect in the preamble of claim 5 and are known for such from FR-PS 13 81 081, namely resilient compressible members that have a certain Have inherent stability, namely thick-walled hoses, cylindrical or rod-shaped elastomeric profiles or the like. If such elements are pressed together at one point, any point sufficiently distant to the web remains unaffected or almost unaffected.

A "cushion" can have sagging walls and can perform its function in the presence of internal pressure. Without the internal pressure, however, it would collapse and could no longer be described as a flexible pressure element. The last-mentioned pressure elements do not collapse even without internal pressure because of their dimensional stability. But it is also possible to use pressure elements that combine both properties, for example a relatively stable hose with internal pressure. This results in a pressure component that is uniform over the width of the web of material due to the filling with the fluid medium and, due to its dimensional rigidity, is also able to exert additional forces when compressed, particularly at different points across the web.

If there is a flexible pressing element mentioned in the preamble of claim 5, the invention is implemented in the manner shown in the characterizing part of claim 5.

So it is not the pressing element that is divided into separately operable sections, but a continuous pressing element is acted upon by separately operable additional pressure elements that result in the different pressures on the web.

According to claim 6, the pressure elements can act directly against the pressure element, but in some cases this can lead to problems at the transitions of the effective areas of the individual pressure elements, because pressure stages can occur there.

For this reason, the further development according to claim 7 is recommended.

The bar or plate should serve to bridge the pressure levels mentioned, so that no changes in pressure can occur across a short distance across the web. Over longer distances, however, the balden or the plate should still be deformable, so that he or she can compress the pressing element differently in different areas across the web and thereby produce different pressure effects in the web.

In particular, the embodiments specified in claims 9 to 11 come into consideration as pressure elements.

• Fig. 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 2 in einer zur Warenbahn senkrechten Längs­ebene einer Teppichfärbeeinrichtung nach der Erfindung;
• Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittansicht nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 zeigt einen Querschnit entsprechend Fig. 1 einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 4;
• Fig. 4 zeigt eine Schnittansicht nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 4;
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 1 einer dritten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 6 zeigt einen Teilschnitt nach der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5;
• Fig. 7 zeigt eine Ansicht entsprechend Fig. 1 einer vierten Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 8 zeigt einen Teilschnitt nach der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;
• Fig. 9 zeigt einen Schnitt entspechend Fig. 1 einer fünften Ausführungsform nach der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 10;
• Fig. 10 zeigt einen Schnittansicht nach der Linie X-X in Fig. 9 in verkleinertem Maßstab;
• Fig. 11 zeigt einen Schnitt entsprechend Fig. 1 nach der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 12 einer sechsten Ausführungs­form;
• Fig. 12 zeigt eine Schnittansicht nach der Linie XII-XII in Fig. 13 in verkleinertem Maßstab;
• Fig. 13 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt in einer zur Warenbahn senkrechten Querebene mit zwei weite­ren Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 shows a cross section along the line II in Figure 2 in a longitudinal plane perpendicular to the web of a carpet dyeing device according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 shows a sectional view along the line II-II in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 shows a cross section corresponding to Figure 1 of a modified embodiment along the line III-III in Fig. 4.
• Fig. 4 shows a sectional view along the line III-III in Fig. 4;
• FIG. 5 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 1 of a third embodiment;
• Fig. 6 shows a partial section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5;
• FIG. 7 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a fourth embodiment;
• Fig. 8 shows a partial section along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;
• Fig. 9 shows a section corresponding to Fig. 1 of a fifth embodiment along the line IX-IX in Fig. 10;
• Fig. 10 shows a sectional view along the line XX in Fig. 9 on a reduced scale;
• FIG. 11 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 1 along the line XI-XI in FIG. 12 of a sixth embodiment;
• Fig. 12 shows a sectional view along the line XII-XII in Fig. 13 on a reduced scale;
• 13 schematically shows a cross section in a transverse plane perpendicular to the web with two further embodiments of the invention.

1 and 2, the web 1 is a carpet web, which is guided in the manner shown in the drawing with the pole 1ʹ upwards over parallel and approximately equal height arranged guide rollers 2, 3 .

Between the guide rollers 2, 3 lies on the web 1 from above and parallel to this extending order bar 4, which on the side facing the Warden web 1 forms a counter surface 5 acting as a sliding surface, which, since the order bar 4 shown, consists of one segment a thick-walled plastic tube, which is obtained by longitudinal cuts, has a circular cylindrical convex shape.

The web 1 lies against the counter surface 5 in the wrap area indicated by the arrow 6. Approximately in the middle of the wrapping area 6 in the application bar 4 there is a slot 8 forming an inner chamber, which extends approximately perpendicular to the counter surface, opens into the latter and passes over the length of the order bar 4 or the width of the web 1.

Close to the base of the slot 8, feed channels 9, perpendicular to it, open into the slot 8, of which a whole row, for example twenty or fifty, are arranged distributed over the length of the slot. The feed channels 9 are formed by transverse bores, which are introduced from a shoulder 14 in the counter surface 5 and then closed to the outside by plugs 11. Each individual feed channel 9 is connected to a connecting channel 12, which leads approximately radially to the concave inside of the application bar 4 and is connected there to one of the feed lines 13, which are evenly supplied with liquid treatment agent, for example coloring liquid, from a distributor (not shown).

In operation of the device 10, the treatment agent is supplied to the slot via the feed lines 13, the connecting channels 12 and the feed channels 9 at locations distributed over its length. The feed takes place at a right angle to the slot 8, so that the treatment agent is deflected before it can exit from the slot 8 into the web 1 and thereby further equalized. The exit width can be adapted to the width of the web 1 by moving the shaped pieces 26 which fill the slot 8 in its cross section and which limit it to the outside.

A resilient pressing element 20 is provided on the side of the web 1 opposite the slot 8. The resilient pressing element 20 consists of an elongated cushion 15, which is provided in the central region of the web 1 and extends transversely to the web, as well as hubs one after the other in the edge region arranged further pillows 16,17,18. Each cushion 15, 16, 17, 18 has its own connection in the manner shown in FIG. 2 and can accordingly be provided with its own internal pressure by pumping in a fluid medium, for example compressed air.

The resilient support element 20 lies on the side facing away from the web 1 against a fixed support 19. Between the resilient pressing element 20 and the web 1, a fixed flexible slide film 21 is arranged, which is fixed at 22 on the support 19 in the running direction of the web 1 shown in FIG. 1 on its left edge. The application bar 4 with the counter surface 5 on the one hand and the flexible pressing element 20 or the sliding film 21 limit a gap 25 through which the web 1 is pulled. The resilient pressing element 20 drags the web 1 against the counter surface 5 via the sliding film 21. The specific pressure under which the web 1 is in the gap 25 can be selected differently over the width of the web 1, in which the cushions 15, 16 , 17, 18 are inflated differently.

In the device 30 according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the order bar 24 forming the counter surface 5 with the slot 28 is arranged fixedly below the leading material web 1 and the support 29 comprises a fixed support which extends across the width of the material web 1 and on which the material web 1 facing underside, a resilient pressing element 40 in the form of a plurality of equally wide, separately inflatable cushions that directly adjoin the width of the web is provided. Between the cushions 35 and the web 1, a slide film 31 is provided, which in the manner shown in FIG. 3 on the sides of the carrier 29 is fixed so that the resilient unit consisting of the cushion 35 and the slide film 31 does not vibrate when the web 1 is pulled through the gap 25.

In the present case, too, the exit width of the slot 28 can be adjusted by means of piston-like shaped pieces 36, which are adjustable via rods 37 which run in the longitudinal direction of the slot 28 and exit at the ends thereof.

1 to 4 consist of individual cushions which can be inflated like a balloon through a fluid medium and do not have to have usable shape stability without filling, in the device 40 of FIGS. 5 and 6 there is a pressing element 60 in Form has a continuous over the width of the web, ie shows a compression resistance increasing with the deformation in its transverse direction even without a filling with a fluid medium.

In the device 50 as well as in the device 30 under the web 1, an order bar 24 is provided with a slot 28 which extends across the width of the web 1 and which is closed at the ends by adjustable shaped pieces 26 and thus in its application width to the width of the web 1 is customizable. Above the web 1 there is provided a support 39 extending across it in the form of a carrier which has a chamber 32 which is open at the bottom. The chamber 32 is delimited in the longitudinal direction of the web by legs 33, 34, which extend perpendicularly to the web 1 and between which a plate 38 extending over the width of the web 1 in the direction perpendicular to the web 1 is slidably guided. The plate 38 has a continuous T-groove 42 on the side facing the web 1, into which a T-shaped longitudinal extension 43 engages on the tubular hollow profile 44 forming the flexible pressing element 60. The tubular hollow profile 44 rests on the inside against the slide film 41 attached to the sides of the carrier 39, as can be seen in FIG. 5, and presses the slide film 41 against the web 1 and the web 1 against the mouth edges of the slot 28.

The plate 38 is supported by a plurality of pressure elements 45, 46, 47 designed as inflatable hollow bodies, which are arranged parallel to the plate 38 between a leg 33, 34 connecting the legs. The pressure elements 45, 46, 47 can be pressurized separately, whereby the plate 38 can bend in the manner shown in FIG. 6 if the pressure in the pressure element 45 spanning the central region of the web 1 is selected to be slightly lower than the pressures in the separate pressure elements 46, 47 near the edge.

The plate 38 is so rigid that there are no deformation stages at the borders between the pressure elements 45, 46, 47, but that the plate 38 bends in larger areas due to different pressure in the pressure elements 45, 46, 47 in the manner indicated can.

The bending of the plate 38 is transferred to the resilient pressing element 60 which, where it is compressed more, namely in the exemplary embodiment at the edges, transfers more pressure to the slide film 41 or the web 1 than in the middle.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 6, the treatment agent was supplied through the gap 8, 28 in the counter surface 5, which was formed by a rigid part. In the embodiment 70 according to FIGS. 7 and 8, however, there is no supply of treatment agent in the gap 25 and the counter surface is also flexible. Namely, as can be seen from FIG. 7, a narrow vertical trough 52 is formed by two sliding foils 51 lying opposite one another in the manner indicated, through which the web 1 is guided vertically from top to bottom and at the two edges of the web 1 is sealed in a suitable manner. The slide films 51 approach each other and lie in the gap 25 from both sides of the web 1. In this area, pressure elements 80 resilient against the sliding films 51 act in the form of inflatable cushions 55, 59, which are arranged in channel-shaped recesses 56 of supports 57, 58 extending transversely across the width of the web 1. On the left side of FIG. 7, a carrier 57 is shown as an example, which is designed as a solid plastic part, while on the right side of the web 1, a carrier 58 made of a sheet metal construction is provided.

The web 1 takes liquid with it when passing through the trough 52, which is pressed into the gap 25 by the pressure of the resilient pressing element 80, which is transmitted to the web 1 via the slide films 51, and worked into it.

The resilient pressing element 80 of the device 70 is divided over the width of the web 1 into a plurality of separately inflatable elastic hollow bodies 55, 59. In the exemplary embodiment is outside that covering the middle Hollow body 55 each provided only one further hollow body 59, which only covers about 10% of the total width. This can be sufficient to compensate for edge unevenness in the treatment of the web 1 in certain cases by driving different pressures in the hollow body 59 than in the hollow body 55.

The device 90 of FIG. 9 combines features of the device 70 of FIG. 7 and the device 50 of FIG. 5. There is a trough 52 filled with treatment agent and formed between substantially vertically extending slide films 61, through which the Web 1 is passed vertically from top to bottom.

The sliding foils 61 lie against the mutually facing sides of bars 62 which lie opposite one another on both sides of the web 1 and extend transversely to the web 1. The bars 62 have mutually opposite channels 63, in which resilient pressing elements 100 are arranged. The tubes 64 pass through the width of the web 1 and have a compression resistance due to the rigidity of the walls. In addition, in the exemplary embodiment they are filled with air at an adjustable pressure, so that a pressure which is constant over the length of the tubes 64 and is caused by the air and an additional pressure which arises as a result of local compression and deformation of the tubes 64 are superimposed.

The bars 62 are guided via bolts 65 on the webs 68 parallel to the web 1 from supports 69 extending across the width of the web 1 in the form of supports in such a way that they are perpendicular to the web 1 can shift against each other. The webs 68 are arranged outside the bars 62, and there are pressure elements 67 in the form of a pressure hose between the webs 68 and the bars 62, which are divided by squeeze connections 71 into a central section 72 and two outer sections 73. Each section 72, 73 can be filled separately with a fluid medium. With a corresponding setting of the pressure in the individual sections 72, 73, the bar 62 bends slightly, as a result of which the tube 64 experiences a different compression along its length and transmits correspondingly different forces to the slide film 61 or the web 1.

The device 110 of FIGS. 11 and 12 differs from the device 90 only in that the resilient pressing elements 120 are formed by thick-walled hoses 74 made of soft rubber, which can be open at the ends. Such massive cylindrical profiles made of soft rubber can be used. These resilient pressure elements only work due to their compression resistance, but do not contain any internal pressure that is constant over the width.

In the device 130 of FIG. 13, it is illustrated that the pressure elements can also be designed in a manner other than a hose or balloon. The material web 1 is pressed against the counter surface 75 by a resilient pressing element 140 and moves perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The pressing element 140 has its own resistance to deformation, ie the more it is compressed locally, the more it presses against the web 1.

The left half of FIG. 13 shows pressure elements 85 in the form of pneumatic cylinders or mechanical spindle devices, which are arranged on a fixed support 79 and act against a plate 38 which corresponds to the plate 38 in FIG. 5. The plate 38 bends and increasingly deforms the flexible pressure element 140 toward the center of the web. The pressure exerted on the web 1 behaves accordingly. The pressure elements 85 can be actuated independently of one another.

The pressure elements 95 in the right half of FIG. 13 act directly against the flexible pressure element 140 via pressure plates 86.

Claims (11)

1. A method for patterning a textile or similar web by applying a liquid, foam-shaped or pasty treatment agent, in which the web provided with the treatment agent is passed through a gap in which the web resiliently opposes an area that extends across the width of the web a counter surface is pressed on, characterized in that the material web is pressed on with pattern-wise uneven pressure. 2. Apparatus for applying a liquid, foam-shaped or pasty treatment agent to a continuously advancing web, with a gap extending transversely to the web, through which the web can be passed and which on one side of the web has a counter surface which is fixed in the forward direction of the web and on the other side of the web has a pressing element which is fixed in the forward direction of the web and which is flexible perpendicular to the web, by means of which the web can be pressed against the counter surface in a region extending over its width, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Web (1) with different specific pressure across its width can be pressed. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the web (1) in the central region uniformly and in the edge regions to a maximum of one third of the total width thereof can be pressed differently. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the resilient pressing element is formed by an elongate, extending over the width of the web, containing a fluid medium, against a fixed abutment cushion, characterized in that the cushion in several in the transverse direction the web (1) adjacent sections (15,16,17,18; 35,35, ...; 55,59) is divided, in which the pressure can be controlled separately. 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the resilient pressing element is elongated, extends over the width of the web, has a compression resistance increasing with the deformation in its transverse direction, due to the material rigidity, and at one point along its extension in the can be deformed essentially independently of any other location, characterized in that transversely to the material web (1), separately controllable, separately controllable, acting from the side of the material web (1) against the pressure element (60, 100, 120, 140) on a fixed abutment (39, 69, 79) supported pressure elements (45,46,47; 72,73; 85; 95) are provided. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure elements (95) act directly against the pressing element (140). 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that between the printing elements (45,46,47; 72,73; 85) and the pressing element (60; 100; 120; 140) seen on the width of the web (1) deformable, but relatively flexurally rigid beams (62) or such a plate (38) are inserted. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the bar (62) or the plate (38) on the side of the web (1) has a groove or groove-like, along the pressing element (60; 100; 120) extending recess ( 42,56,63) for holding and guiding the pressure element (60; 100; 120; 140). 9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the pressure elements (45,46,47; 72,73) are in turn designed as a separately controllable cushion that can be filled with a fluid medium. 10. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the pressure elements (85; 95) are designed as separately controllable piston / cylinder units. 11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the pressure elements comprise threaded spindles.

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