EP0249491B1

EP0249491B1 - Means for squaring tie bars for die casting machines

Info

Publication number: EP0249491B1
Application number: EP87305220A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert W. Hegel; William Vanappledorn
Original assignee: Prince Corp USA
Current assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Co
Priority date: 1986-06-12
Filing date: 1987-06-12
Publication date: 1992-05-06
Also published as: JP2849742B2; CA1281169C; DE3778761D1; EP0249491A3; EP0249491A2; JPS6326250A; US4716952A

Description

The present invention relates to die casting machines of the type having tie bars and particularly to a system for resquaring the platens of the machine to their original square position.
In die casting machines of the type disclosed in United States re-issue Patent 32,048 and US-A-4,466,477, platens are provided between which the mould or die is located. One of these platens at the front of the machine is stationary and the other platen is a travelling platen which opens and closes the die or mould located between the two platens. Normally, four tie rods are provided at the corners of the platens. These tie rods are secured to the front platen and also to a rear end plate. The travelling platen slides on these tie rods and is actuated by a hydrualic cylinder actuated toggle located between the travelling platen and the rear end plate. Located on the ends of the tie rods at the rear end plate are adjustment nuts or tie rod nuts, one for each of the tie rods, for adjusting the tension for each of the tie bars, it being desirable that the four tie bars share equally in the lock-up force exerted on the die when the travelling platen is in the lock-up position.
When a die casting machine is originally built and before it is delivered, the manufacturer generally squares the machine, i.e., adjusts the adjustment nuts on the tie bars so that the two platens are parallel. This is accomplished by placing a squaring block between the front platen and the travelling platen and adjusting the tie rod nuts so that the tie bars share equally in the lock-up force exerted on the squaring block which has front and rear faces parallel to a known tolerance. In other words, a squaring block is inserted between the front and travelling platens and the travelling platen is actuated to the closed or lock-up position. Strain measurements are made on the tie bars to determine if load is uniform among them. If not, the travelling plate is actuated to the open position. Then the adjustment nuts on the ends of the tie rods are adjusted. The travelling plate is then again actuated to the closed position and strain measurements are again made. This process is repeated until the identical strain is being exerted in each of the tie bars. When the strain is the same in each tie bar, the machine is said to be "square", that is, there is equal tonnage on all corners of the squaring block simultaneous with the faces of the platens being parallel to a known tolerance.
After the die casting machine is delivered, frequent operation of the same on almost a continuous basis causes wear and tear on the die and when metal leaks between the die halves the assumption may be that the machine is not square. A measure of the strain on each tie rod may determine that the strain in each tie rod is substantially different.
In this case the remedy is to adjust the tie bars, after using the automatic method disclosed in US re-issue patent 32,048, so that equal tie bar strain and therefore load distribution on the die is accomplished. This then permits continued use of dies with minimum metal leakage or flash, in spite of the fact that the die is no longer clamped by parallel platens. Use of the die casting machine in this manner is desirable in order to overcome the wear and tear on dies and thus extend their useful lives. It is also desirable in the case where dies have complex, non-uniform components which can operate at different temperatures and can develop non-parallel faces during normal operation.
The difficulty arises when another die is placed in the machine at a different temperature state, or when an existing die becomes worn to the point when continued application of non-parallel clamping would be inadvisable. For purposes of rapid attainment of equal clamping on another die, or determination of the non- parallel condition of a new die, it would be desirable to achieve the condition mentioned earlier as "square". This "square" condition is attainable by use again of a squaring block, but the frequent installation of said squaring block is time consuming since it requires the removal of the die.
Because of the difficult, time consuming, costly operation involved in squaring a machine with a squaring block, some operators have taken the position that the machine should never be adjusted and when metal leaks between the die halves, or the die cast article is imperfect, the die should be modified to correct the problem and imperfections. However, such practice has not been completely satisfactory because of the differences in the cross-sectional shapes of the dies which causes the dies when repaired in one area of the die to result in non-compliance in another area. Therefore, there has existed a long-felt need for a means to resquare die casting machines to their original-as-built square position.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a die casting machine is characterised by the features of the characterising portion of Claim 1.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a die casting machine is characterised by the features of the characterising portion of Claim 6.
According to a third aspect of the invention, a system for adjusting tie bars in a die casting machine is characterised by the features of the characterising portion of Claim 4.
Thus, we provide a very simple means of resquaring a die casting machine. Our system is based upon the accurate assumption that all tie rods on a given machine have substantially the same, identical elasticity and, also, there is no permanent deformation in the tie bars caused by exerting different tension on each of the tie bars. Thus, we initially determine the position of the adjustment nuts on the tie bars and position of each nut relative to each other when the machine is originally squared with a squaring block as described above. We then provide means at each adjustment nut for detecting the position of each nut on its tie rod. In so determining the position of the adjustment nuts on the tie rods and the relative position of the nuts to each other, our system acts like a micrometer to detect and indicate any change in the position of each adjustment nut on its tie rod.
Having determined the position of each adjustment nut relative to each other, we utilize the automatic tie bar adjustment system of US re-issue patent 32,048 to readjust each adjustment nut independently and separately until the relative positions of each of the adjustment nuts on their tie rods and to each other are reset to the original position of such adjustment nuts at the original squaring of the machine.
In accordance with the broader aspects of this invention the detection of the position of each adjustment nut on its tie rod can be accomplished by an operator who sequentially adjusts each adjustment nut. However, in the preferred embodiment of this invention, we provide an automatic means including a logic circuit programmed for sequentially detecting when each of three tie bars is out of square relative to a reference bar, and thereafter sequentially adjusting each nut so as to return the platens to their original square position. In this automatic adjustment, the entire machine can be squared within five or ten minutes.
With such a system, therefore, it is possible to automatically resquare a machine between casting cycles and thereby determine whether problems such as metal leaks between the die halves or casting imperfect articles are being caused by a bad or imperfect die, flash build-up, or an unsquare machine. Thus, our system can be utilized to ensure uniform quality castings. It also lengthens the life of the machine which otherwise, to its detriment, might be utilized with faulty dies and also lengthens the life of dies by avoiding the application o f large concentrated loads in order to detect non-parallel platens.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways and one specific embodiment will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which

Figure 1 is a fragmentary, pictorial view of a die casting machine;
Figure 2 is an exploded, perspective view of certain components of a resquaring mechanism;
Figure 3 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional view of a tie bar resquaring mechanism;
Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating the sensors employed;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane V-V of Figure 3;
Figure 6 is an electrical block diagram illustrating the control system for the resquaring mechanisms;
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the ring limit switch actuator taken along the plane VII-VII of Figure 3; and
Figure 8 is a side-elevational view of the ring limit switch actuator viewed in the direction of the arrows VIII-VIII of Figure 7 and showing one of the limit switches in phantom.

Referring to Figure 1, a die casting machine 1 is shown in pictorial form and includes a front stationary plate or platen 2, a rear, stationary plate 3 and a movable or travelling plate or platen 4. The movable plate or platen 4 is positioned between the front or rear plates and movable therebetween by a toggle (not shown) mounted between the plates 3 and 4 and generally actuated by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). On the rearward facing surface of the plate 2, there is attached one-half of a die 5 while the corresponding mating half of the die is mounted on the front surface of the movable platen 4. The plate 4 is slidably mounted on four tie bars 6, 7, 8 and 9 which are secured at one end to the front plate or platen 2 and at the opposite end to the rear plate 3 by means of their threaded ends which can be threaded sleeves and collars as specifically described in US re-issue patent 32,048 and disclosed in Figure 3 as will be described hereinafter. It should be understood that the threaded tie bars can be integral threads cut into the ends of the tie bars or can be the threaded sleeves and collars as disclosed in Figure 3. Associated with the tie bars 6, 7, 8 and 9 are strain gauges 10, 11, 12 and 13 of a type such as that described in US-A-4,466,477 and US re-issue patent 32,048.
As previously referred to, the die casting machine 1 also includes a hydraulic ram and a toggle linkage (not shown) coupled between the rear plate 3 and the movable platen 4 for advancing the movable platen into a locked-up casting position with the die closed and for retracting the movable platen 4 away from the stationary front platen 2 for opening the die to remove the cast part. The die casting machine 1 is of the general type as disclosed in US-A-3,407,685, US-A-4,256,166, and US re-issue patent 32,048. US re-issue patent 32,048 discloses in greater detail the automatic tie bar adjustment means desirably utilized by this invention.
Mounted to the rear surface of rear plate 3 for rotation in a conventional fashion is a bull ring gear 14 having peripheral teeth 15 engaged by a driver gear 16. The teeth 15 of the bull or ring gear 14 engage longitudinally movable idler gears 20, 20a, 20b and 20c. As disclosed in Figure 1, the idler gears 20, 20a, 20b and 20c in turn selectively engage adjustment nuts or so-called tie bar nuts 30, 30a, 30b and 30c, which in turn engage the threaded ends associated with each of the tie bars 8, 9, 7 and 6, respectively. Thus, when the ring or bull gear 14 is rotated by the drive gear 16, those tie bars having their adjustment nuts in engagement with an idler gear will have their tension adjusted. The tension adjustment of the tie bars is accomplished during the die open position of operation while the result of the adjustment is monitored during lock-up.
Details are given in US re-issue patent 32,048, but reference is now made to Figures 2, 3 and 5 for a brief description of the adjustment mechanisms for each tie bar of the die casting machine 1. In respect to these figures, it should be understood that the mechanism is identical for each of the four tie bars shown in Figure 1.
Figures 2 and 3 disclose the lower right (as seen in Figure 1) tie bar adjustment mechanism for the tie bar 9. The tie bar 9 extends through an aperture 17 (Figure 3) in the lower right hand corner of the rear plate 3. The tie bar 9 as disclosed includes a cylindrical sleeve 18 fitted over and retained on the end of the tie bar 9 by means of a retainer 36 held in place by the cap 38, all as disclosed in US re-issue patent 32,048.
Threaded on the sleeve 18 is the adjustment nut 30 which has external teeth 31. As disclosed in Figure 3, the adjustment nut 30 is retained on the rear plate 3 by means of a retainer member 21 which is secured to the plate 3 by bolts 22. The retainer member 21 includes an opening which exposes the teeth of the adjustment nut 30 and permits the idler gear 20 to engage the peripheral teeth 31 of the adjustment nut 30. This idler gear mechanism is shown in both Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 discloses the idler gear in solid lines engaging both the adjustment nut 30 and the bull ring 14 whereby rotation of the bull ring 14 rotates the idler gear 20 which in turn engages the teeth 31 on adjustment nut 30 for adjustment of the tie bar tension. Figure 2 also discloses the idler gear in phantom lines disengaged from the bull gear 14 and the adjustment nut 30 although in order to maintain syncrhonisation of the gear teeth the arrangement of the gears can be made to cause the idler gear to remain partially engaged with the bull gear but disengaged from the nut. This is achieved by the idler gear being mounted on a riser bracket 24 which in turn is attached to a coupler rod 25 secured to a shaft 26 of a hydraulic cylinder 27.
The stroke of the cylinder 27 is such that when the shaft is fully extended, the idler gear is in engagement between both the gear 14 and the adjustment nut 30 as seen in Figures 2 and 3. A pair of limit switches 28 and 29 provide forward and rear position indication to a control circuit in response to the engagement of the limit switch actuator plate 34.
Both Figures 2 and 3 disclose the means for rotating the bull ring gear 14, such means including the drive gear 16 coupled to the shaft 46 of a bull gear drive 19 which includes a gear reducer actuator 19b actuated by a hydraulic motor 19a. The motor 19a is reversible to cause rotation of the shaft 46 in a counterclockwise or clockwise direction as determined by solenoid valves, not shown in Figures 2 and 3, but shown schematically in block form in Figure 6 as solenoid valves 41 and 42.
In order to control the bull gear so that as it is rotated it is rotated incremental distances, a means is provided for detecting the rotational position and controlling the same. This means includes a slotted disc 44 (Figures 2 and 3) mounted on the shaft 46 of the actuator or gear reducer 19. This disc is rotated along with the drive gear 16 by the gear reducer 19. The slotted disc 44 includes a plurality of radially, inwardly extending angularly spaced slots 45 located around the entire periphery of the disc. On one side of the disc is a light source (not shown) provided to project a light through one slot as the disc is rotated. On the other side of the disc is the light sensor 47 (Figure 2) positioned to detect the light projected through one of the slots 45 and generate a signal which is fed to a logic circuit 40 as will be described. The diameter of the drive gear 16 and the spacing of slots 45 are selected such that a signal is developed by the sensor 47 when the bull gear rotates an angular distance corresponding to one tooth. Accordingly the rotation of the bull gear is controlled to move in tooth-to-tooth increments.
Because the description of the operation of the adjustment mechanism is clearly described in US re-issue patent 32,048, it is not considered necessary to repeat the operaton of the tie bar adjustment mechanism. It should be understood that, as disclosed in the said patent, the adjustment always takes place when the machine is not locked up, thereby relieving tension on the tie bars so that the threaded sleeve can be easily adjusted.
In both the manual and automatic adjustments as described in US re-issue patent 32,048, it should be understood that the adjustments are made in response to the tension on each of the tie bars, i.e., the tie bars are individually adjusted to maintain the tie bars within the prescribed tension limits programmed either manually or through a logic circuit. In either mode the adjustment, be it done manually or automatically, does not take into account that the adjustment in the tie bars required to maintain the prescribed tension in each tie bar may be due to a worn or faulty die or to a flash build up in the die. The present arrangement, utilizing the mechanism disclosed in US re-issue patent 32,048, provides a means for resquaring the platens of the die casting machine without regard to whether the die is worn and faulty or whether flash is built up.
To this end, we provide the system schematically illustrated in Figure 4. This system includes a detector means associated with each of the adjustment nuts 30, 30a, 30b, and 30c. This detector means includes limit switches LS1-A and LS1-B for the adjustment nut 30, LS2-A and LS2-B for adjustment nut 30a, LS3-A and LS3-B for the adjustment nut 30b, and LS4-A and LS4-B for the adjustment nut 30c. Each pair of these limit switches is actuated by a half ring limit switch actuator 33, 33a, 33b, or 33c provided for the adjustment nuts 30, 30a, 30b, and 30c, respectively. The actuators are mounted circumferentially on the adjustment nuts and cannot extend more than 180° about the circumference of the adjustment nuts. The half ring limit switch actuators are all located radially toward the bull gear, i.e., adjacent the idler gears 20, 20a, 20b, and 20c.
In accordance with this system, when the die casting machine is originally squared by use of a squaring block as previously described, each of the half ring limit switch actuators 33, 33a, 33b and 33c are in the position radially toward the bull gear and actuating all of the limit switches LS1-A, LS1-B, LS2-A, LS2-B, etc. In this position, the limit switches for each associated adjustment nut are actuated simultaneously to designate the original squared position of the nut. Thus, so long as all of the limit switches are actuated the die casting machine is squared. However, if only one of the pair of limit switches is actuated, this indicates that the tie rod associated with such pair is out of square, and specifically the switch which is not actuated would designate the direction the nut had to be turned to bring the tie bar back to the squared position.
The structure for accomplishing the system of Figure 4 is disclosed in Figures 2, 3 and 5. Specifically, the half ring limit switch actuator 33 is mounted on a top peripheral surface 39 of the adjustment nut 30, it being important in this embodiment that the switch actuators are exactly positioned to actuate all the switches when the machine is square. Only then are the ring switch actuators secured in place on the adjustment nuts by means of roll pins 35 (Figure 5). It is also important in this embodiment that the limit switches such as LS1-A and LS1-B be exactly positioned at the very peak of the ramp 37 as illustrated by Figure 8. It should be understood that each of the switch actuators 33, 33a, 33b and 33c are mounted in similar fashion while the machine is square, the square of such machine being determined by inserting a squaring block between the two platens 2 and 4, actuating the movable platen 4 to lock position and then adjusting the nuts individually as previously disclo sed until the strain in the tie bars is all identical at which time the machine is square, i.e., there is equal tonnage on all corners and the platens are parallel by virtue of the parallel faces of the squaring block.
Having assembled the ring switch actuators 33, 33a, 33b and 33c and limit switches LS1-A and LS1-B etc. on their respective adjustment nuts 30, 30a, 30b and 30c, after operating the machine it is simple to determine the squareness of the machine by checking each of the limit switches to determine if they are actuated or not. Such determination is accomplished by providing the indicator lights 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b, 54a and 54b (Fig. 6), one for each of the limit switches. If all of the limit switches are actuated as determined by the indicator lights the machine is square. However, if any one limit switch is not actuated, as determined by an indicator light, the tie bar which is out of square can be easily spotted. To resquare such tie bar, all of the idler gears except for the one associated with the tie bar that is out of square are disengaged from their associated tie bar adjustment nuts. The bull gear is then driven in the proper direction until both of the limit switches for the tie bar which was out of square are actuated indicating that such tie bar now is in the original squared position. This can be repeated for any of the tie bars which are indicatd to be out of square.
Although within the broadest aspect of this invention the die casting machine can be squared as above described by merely adjusting each of the tie bars which were indicated to be out of square, in the preferred embodiment of this invention the resquaring of the machine is accomplished by an automatic control system for adjusting the tie bars to the original squared position. This is done individually but in a programmed sequence so that the entire resquaring is accomplished automatically without any observance or manual adjustments or actuations by the operator except for initiating the programmed sequence.
Figure 6 discloses in block diagram form a control circuit the exact details of which are well within the purview of one skilled in the art, particularly when considering the disclosure of U.S. re-issue Patent 32,048. The diagram of Figure 6 discloses a logic circuit 40 into which is fed signals from the limit switches LS1-A, LS1-B, LS2-A, LS2-B, LS3-A, LS3-B, LS4-A and LS4-B. The logic circuit 40 responds to these various input signals to provide output control signals to the idler gear cylinder controllers 50, 50a, 50b, and 50c which in turn independently and separately control the hydraulic cylinders 27 for each of the idler gears 20, 20a, 20b, and 20c, respectively. The logic circuit in responding to the signals from the limit switches also control the actuation of the bull gear drive 19.
It should be understood that the logic circuit 40 controls the sequence in which each of the positions of the tie bar nuts are adjusted and checked. Such sequence programmed by the logic circuit is also important in the positioning of the nuts in their "home positions" in which the machine is squared. Such sequential positioning involves rotating the nut 30 in a clockwise direction to its "home position" wherein LSl-A and LSl-B are both actuated and then sequentially checking and adjusting the positions of nuts 30a, 30b and 30c, respectively. As an example of such adjustments, reference is made to Figure 4 which discloses that the ring actuator is actuating switch LS1-B but not LS1-A. Thus, the logic circuit detecting this condition of limit switches LS1-A and LS1-B generates a signal to the clockwise solenoid valve 41 causing the bull gear drive to rotate the drive gear 16 in a clockwise direction which in turn rotates the ring gear 14 in a counterclockwise direction, the idler gear 20 in a clockwise direction and the tie bar nut 30 in a counterclockwise direction until the ring actuator 33 of the bar nut actuates both limit switches LS1-A and LS1-B. Upon such limit switches being both actuated, the logic circuit causes the idler gear controller 50 to actuate the hydraulic cylinder 27 to pull the idler gear 20 out of engagement with the bull gear 14 and the tie bar nut 30.
The second sequential step produced by the logic circuit 40 is to check the position of nut 30b by detecting the actuation or non-actuation of limit switches LS2-A and LS2-B associated with tie bar nut 30a. As disclosed in Fig. 4, the limit switch LS2-A is actuated but LS2-B is not actuated. Thus, the logic circuit causes the actuation of the counterclockwise solenoid valve 42 which causes counterclockwise rotation of the drive gear 16 which through the ring gear 14 and the idler gear 20a rotates the tie bar nut 30a in a clockwise direction until both limit switches LS2-B and LS2-A are actuated which determines the "home position" of nut 30b. At such time the logic circuit 40 causes the idler gear cylinder controller 50a to actuate the hydraulic cylinder 27 associated with the tie bar nut 30a to pull the idler gear 20a out of engagement with the tie bar nut 30a and the ring gear 14.
The third sequential step performed by the logic circuit 40 is to control the adjustment of the tie bar nut 30b in response to the actuation or deactuation of the limit switches LS3-A and LS3-B. The logic circuit checks the orientation of the tie bar nut 30b by responding to the signals from the limit switches LS3-A and LS3-B. If LS3-A is actuated and LS3-B is not, or vice versa, the logic circuit responds thereto by actuating either the counterclockwise solenoid valve 41 or the counterclockwise solenoid valve 42 in the way as described in relation to the adjustment of the tie bar nuts 30 and 30a. This causes the bull gear drive 19 to rotate the drive gear 16 and the bull gear 14 in the proper direction causing both the limit switches LS3-A and LS3-B to be simultaneously actuated by the ring actuator 33b. When these limit switches are simultaneously actuated the logic circuit signals to the idler gear cylinder controller 50b causing the hydraulic cylinder 27 associated with the idler gear 20b to pull the idler gear 20b out of engagement with the bull gear 14 and the tie bar nut 30b.
The fourth sequential operation performed by the logic circuit is the control of the bull gear drive in response to the actuation or deactuation of the limit switches LS4-A and LS4-B associated with the tie bar nut 30c. The signals generated by the limit switches LS4-A and LS4-B, depending upon whether they are actuated or not, are fed to the logic circuit which causes actuation of either of the clockwise solenoid valve 41 or the counterclockwise valve 42 which in turn controls the actuation of the bull gear drive that rotates the drive gear 16 which in turn rotates the bull gear drive in a manner as above described in relation to the tie bar nuts 30, 30a and 30b. Upon all the limit switches LS4-A and LS4-B being actuated simultaneously, the logic circuit causes the idler gear cylinder controllers 50, 50a, and 50b to cause actuation of the hydraulic cylinders 27 associated with the idler gears 20, 20a and 20b causing all of the idler gears to be re-engaged with their respective tie bar nut and the bull gear. The tie bar nuts are now in the same relative orientation to the tie bar as when the machine was originally squared. Thus, if there is any indication of different strains in the tie bar, it is known that either the die is worn or faulty, flash is built up on the die or that there has been uneven wear of the toggle bushings.
It should be understood that during each of the sequential steps described above the operation of the logic circuit is controlled by the photosensor 47 to rotate the bull gear incremental distances corresponding to tooth-to-tooth increments all as described above. Further, it should be understood that the adjustment of the tie rods by the tie rod nuts is never more than 180°.
The automatic square testing can be accomplished by providing visual indications from each of the indicator lights 51a, 51b, etc. for the limit switches LS1-A, LS1-B, etc., so that one can actually visualize whether all the switches are simultaneously actuated. By means of such visual indicator lights the system can be tested by a procedure in which with all of the switches actuated, the bull gear drive 19 is slowly adjusted until the photosensor 47 detects a light through one of the slots 46 is indicated by the indicator light 48 (Fig. 6) provided for that purpose. The bull gear 14 is then adjusted one tooth, as determined by the photosensor 47, in a direction backing off from the die. If the machine is square the LS1-A, LS2-A, LS3-A and LS4-A limit switches will all be on as indicated by the indicator lights 51a, 52a, 53a, and 54a while all of the limit switches LS1-B, LS2-B, LS3-B, and LS4-B will all be deactuated as determined by the indicator lights 51b, 52b, 53b, and 54b. The next test in the autosquare testing is to rotate the bull gear in the opposite direction from the first direction in which it was rotated, the rotation being two teeth as determined by the photosensor 47 and its indicator light 48. In this position, the LS1-B, LS2-B, LS3-B, and LS4-B switches should be actuated while LS1-A, LS2-A, LS3-A, and LS4-A switches are deactuated. The next step is to resquare the machine by reactivating the logic circuit which causes the machine to be automatically squared in which all of the indicator lights 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, 53a, 53b, 54a, and 54b are all on indicating that all of the limit switches are being actuated and thereby the tie bar nuts have the same relative orientation to the tie bars as when the machine was originally squared.
The automatic squaring can also be tested further by unbalancing the tie bar nut adjustments to render the machine out of square while the logic circuit is inactivated. Then the logic circuit is reactivated causing the logic circuit to perform in sequence the control of the operation of the bull gear drive 19 and the idler gear hydraulic cylinders 27 for resquaring tie rods 9, 7, 6 and 8 in a manner as above described until the machine is resquared.
Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a fully automatic system for resquaring a die casting machine, it should be understood that within the broadest aspect of this invention, it encompasses the use of semi-automatic or manual modes of operation using the adjustment system of the present system as above described. The semi-automatic mode of operation can be accomplished by providing, for example, manual actuated switches to provide input signals to the solenoid valves for the bull gear drive and to the idler gear cylinder controllers such that when the limit switches for the tie bar nuts indicate a tie bar needs adjustment, the operator can disengage all of the idler gears except the one associatd with the tie bar nut that needs adjustment.

Claims

A die casting machine having front (2) and rear (3) end plates, a plurality of tie bars (6, 7, 8, 9) extending between the end plates, a travelling plate (4) slidably mounted on the tie bars for movement between the end plates; means for moving the travelling plate toward the front plate for clamping moulds therebetween during a casting operation thereby exerting a strain on the tie bars; adjustable means at the ends of the tie bars adjacent the rear end plate arranged to individually adjust the tension exerted on each of the tie bars; separate strain detector means (10,11,12,13) for each of the tie bars arranged to individually detect the tension on each of the tie bars; characterised by position detector means at each of the adjustment means, each separately and individually arranged to determine the positions of the rear ends of each of the tie bars relative to the rear end plate, whereby when the machine is originally squared by adjusting the adjustable means to cause a desired tension in each tie bar, the original squared positions of the tie bars can be observed and, after operation, the machine can be resquared by adjusting the adjustable means to adjust the tie bars back to the said original squared positions.
A machine as claimed in claim 1 in which each tie bar (6, 7, 8, 9) extends through the rear end plate (3) and includes threaded means on which is mounted an adjustment nut (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) the position detector means including means for detecting the position of the nut on the threaded means.
A machine as claimed in claim 2 in which the detector means for each of the tie bars (6, 7, 8, 9) comprises a pair of detectors (LSx-A, LSx-B) mounted circumferentially about the tie bar; actuator means arranged to cause each of the detectors to function in response to the rotational position of the adjustment nut (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) on the tie bar, whereby the detectors indicate the direction of rotation of the adjustment nut required to readjust the tension in the tie bar to its desired value.
A system for adjusting tie bars in a die casting machine in order to readjust the squareness of the platens of the machine to a previously determined squareness including a tie bar adjustment means for each tie bar (6, 7, 8, 9) characterised by a pair of detectors (LSx-A, LSx-B) mounted circumferentially about each of the tie bars at the adjustment means; an actuator associated with the tie bar adjustment means and arranged to actuate the detectors in response to the position of the adjustment means with respect to the tie bars, whereby the detectors of each tie bar indicate whether or not the said tie bar is in proper condition to satisfy the previously determined squareness of the platens.
A system as claimed in claim 4 in which the adjustment means of each tie bar (6, 7, 8, 9) is an adjustment nut (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) on the end of the tie bar, the adjustment nut being provided to adjust the tension in the tie bar; and the detectors including means for detecting the position of the nut on the tie bar.
A die casting machine having front (2) and rear (3) end plates, a plurality of tie bars (6, 7, 8, 9) extending between the end plates, a travelling plate slidably positioned on the tie bars for movement between the end plates, each of the tie bars being secured to one end plate by external threads positioned at one end of the tie bars, rotatable threaded adjustment nuts (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) coupled to one end plate and engaging the threads for adjustment of the tie bars, the adjustment nuts including external gear teeth, an idler gear (20, 20a, 20b, 20c) for each of the adjustment nuts engaging the external gear teeth of the said adjustment nut, a centrally-positioned bull gear (14) arranged to rotate the idler gears and adjustment nuts; drive means for the bull gear; separate means for selectively and individually moving each of the idler gears from a first position engaging the bull gear and an associated adjustment nut and a second position disengaging the bull gear and the associated adjustment nut; the means for moving the idler gears including shaft means arranged to rotatably and slidably mount each of the idler gears to the said one end plate for movement between the first and second positions; the moving means for each of the idler gears further including a cylinder (27) arranged to slide the idler gear on the shaft means between the first and second positions; control circuit means (40) coupled to the drive means for the bull gear and each of the cylinders, the control circuit means including a separate control circuit for each of the tie bars; each of the separate control circuits including a detecting means for each of the tie bars arranged to detect a parameter representing the tension on the individual tie bar; the separate control circuits each being coupled to one of the cylinders (27) and arranged to selectively couple one or more of the threaded adjustment nuts with the bull gear for selectively adjusting the tie bars for automatically selectively and individually adjusting the tension of each of the tie bars within prescribed limits, characterised by means for automatically resquaring the travelling plate and the front end plate to a previously determined squareness, comprising: a pair of detectors (LSx-A, LSx-B) mounted circumferentially about each of the tie rods at the adjustment nuts, an actuator associated with each adjustment nut and arranged to actuate the detectors in response to the position of the said adjustment nut with respect to the tie rods, whereby the detectors of each tie bar indicate whether or not the said tie bar is in proper condition to satisfy the previously determined squareness of the platens.
A machine or system as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6 in which the detectors include an electrical means; one of the actuator means and electrical means being mounted on the adjustment nut (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) and the other being stationary with reaction to adjustment of the adjustment nut.
A machine or system as claimed in claim 7 in which the actuator means is mounted on the adjustment nut and the electrical means is stationary with relation to adjustment of the adjustment nut.
A machine or system as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 8 in which the detectors (LSx-A, LSx-B) are electrical switches and the actuator means is a member protruding into the path of the electrical switches.
A machine or system as claimed in claim 9 in which the actuator means is a portion (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d) of a ring extending circumferentially around a portion of the circumference of the adjustment nut (30, 30a, 30b, 30c) and the switches have actuator elements extending into the path of the ring portion upon rotation of the adjustment nut.
A machine or system as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 10 in which the circumferential spacing of the detectors (LSx-A, LSx-B) about each tie bar (6, 7, 8, 9) and the range in which the actuator means causes the detectors to function does not exceed 180°.