EP0248855A1 - PROCESS FOR SINGLE OR MULTI-PHASE PREFERABLY SIMULTANEOUS SO 2? AND NO x? SEPARATION FROM FLUE GASES IN A WET PROCESS - Google Patents
PROCESS FOR SINGLE OR MULTI-PHASE PREFERABLY SIMULTANEOUS SO 2? AND NO x? SEPARATION FROM FLUE GASES IN A WET PROCESSInfo
- Publication number
- EP0248855A1 EP0248855A1 EP87900093A EP87900093A EP0248855A1 EP 0248855 A1 EP0248855 A1 EP 0248855A1 EP 87900093 A EP87900093 A EP 87900093A EP 87900093 A EP87900093 A EP 87900093A EP 0248855 A1 EP0248855 A1 EP 0248855A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- washing
- lime
- liquid
- wash water
- separation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004698 iron complex Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[S] Chemical class [N].[S] PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dithionite(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- QHDCFDQKXQIXLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O QHDCFDQKXQIXLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCGUMCUABUTCJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfosulfamic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)N(S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O KCGUMCUABUTCJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100892 mercury compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- CDMIYIVDILNBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazinane-4,5,6-trithione Chemical compound SC1=NN=NC(S)=C1S CDMIYIVDILNBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005200 wet scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- a method for simultaneous S02 and NOx separation from the flue gases of combustion boilers has already been proposed, a liquid containing additives such as limestone or hydrated lime and EDTA or NTA and / or polycarboxylic acids and CaS04 or CaS03 for washing is used, is activated as a partial quantity via a solid-liquid separation stage with delivery of the inactive liquid into a reaction vessel in which reduced additives are added, and is returned via an inlet level and / or via a pump and the wash water reservoir Nozzle pairs are made available again directly for the washing process, a part of the filtrate water being charged with N + S salts being introduced into the combustion chamber of the combustion boiler before it is activated and / or the fuel coal being fed into the combustion boiler before being supplied .
- additives such as limestone or hydrated lime and EDTA or NTA and / or polycarboxylic acids and CaS04 or CaS03 for washing is used
- Sodium bisulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium dithionite and similar reducing agents are preferably used as reducing agents in this process.
- the EDTA is precipitated and returned to the washing water circuit. This valuable feed product is thus returned to the scrubbing liquid circuit, which makes the process very economical, with only the actual waste water with the N + S compounds, which contribute to the S02 increase in the process, returning to the combustion chamber via the coal, so that the stoichiometric ratio of S02 to NOx is available to the desired extent.
- the EDTA is precipitated at a pH of 1 within the course of the wash water process in order to be able to reuse this valuable residue product.
- the washing liquid is reduced to a pH value 1 before the gypsum is separated without the supply of oxidizing air and that EDTA is precipitated and that the washing liquid is separated from the solids after the separation stage substances CaS03 and CaS04 freed, preferably by adding lime, raised to a pH value of neutral greater than 6 and with the N + S salts for setting the necessary ratio of S02 to NOx, preferably after being fed onto the coal, is fed to the combustion boiler.
- the mixture of CaS03 and CaS04 is fed in after oxidation.
- the neutralization with lime takes place, among other things, to prevent corrosion formation in the boiler.
- the pH of the gypsum sludge is reduced to 1 and EDTA is precipitated and that gypsum sludge treated in this way after neutralization, preferably with lime, optionally with the addition of gypsum Setting the necessary ratio of S02 to NOx, preferably on the fuel coal, is added before being fed into the boiler.
- the pH is reduced to 1 by adding a small amount of acid, for example sulfuric acid.
- This process according to the invention ensures that the valuable feed product EDTA can be recovered and returned to the washing cycle.
- S02 is released during their thermal decomposition after introduction into the combustion boiler, so that the ratio of S02 to NOx in the raw gas stream and thus relevant to the process can be precisely controlled without external additives , such as Pyrosulfite, sodium sulfite, SO 2 rich gas, elemental sulfur or other highly sulfur-containing compounds which participate in the combustion process and produce SO 2 must be added.
- the invention it is therefore proposed not to introduce NH3 into this area, but rather to add ammonium salts of organic or inorganic bonds above the furnace bed.
- the granulate has a certain size, which, with a certain humidity, guarantees that the zone of the best conversion is always passed above after the ember bed.
- the ammonium salts are prepared in such a way that they are fed in according to the gas velocity in the boiler above the ember bed in order to pass through a long zone with a long residence time.
- the invention proposes that hydrated lime or limestone be added to the suction line of the washing water circulation pump.
- the amount of lime added is controlled stoichiometrically in accordance with the amount of flue gas pollutant.
- a part of the water from the main wash water circuit is fed to a gravity separator for the separation of solids.
- the partial flow of water freed from solids is returned to the sump. This partial amount of water is circulated in a closed circuit.
- the solid (approx. 30%) thickened in a gravity separator is dewatered via a dewatering station.
- the drained Solid is discharged and fed to an oxidation station in order to convert the calcium sulfite portion into calcium sulfate dihydrate.
- the filtrate is returned to the gravity separator.
- the addition of reducing agents takes place in the inner jacket of the gravity separator, since it was found that a sufficient residence time is very advantageous for the reduction of iron-III to iron-II.
- the lime addition must not be added to a partial water cycle with a precipitation tank, since otherwise the lime load per liter of wash water is too high (eg 1.5-6.0 g Ca (OH) 2 / l wash water). This can result in local pH values up to pH 12 in the wash water and can lead to a disruption of the sulfite-sulfate ratio. In addition, there may also be little iron degradation from the iron chelate complex.
- the lime is added over the entire wash water circuit. This is advantageously done via the metering into the suction line or in the pump reservoir of the wash water circulation pumps.
- the washing water circuit with solids (CaS04 x 2 H20 / CaS03 x 1/2 H20) as seed crystals prevents plaster oversaturation of the washing solution.
- a wet separator is switched to the wash water circuit of which calcium hydrate is metered in, calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate being formed from the sulfur oxides.
- trimercapto-triazine is added to the wash water as active substance.
- trimercapto-s-triazine is expediently used in the form of the sodium salt.
- the solids formed consisting of the residue product CaS03, CaS04, the free Ca0H2 with the heavy metals bound to trimercapto-s-triazine, mercury, cadmium and nickel, form poorly soluble stable compounds in water.
- This mercury compound for example, only decomposes above 210 ° C., even under these conditions no mercury is released, but other more stable compounds are formed. It has been shown from the deposited products that mercury does not leach out.
- nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases by aqueous solutions e.g. Contain iron-II-ethylenediamine tetraacetate or other complex compounds of iron or cobalt, can be absorbed.
- nitrous oxide (N20) and nitrogen-sulfur compounds such as nitrilotrisulfonic acid, smidosulfonic acid, amidosulfonic acid, hydroxysulfonic acid and similar compounds, are formed in addition to nitrogen (N2).
- reaction (1) By adding a sufficient amount of ammonium ions to the solution which contains the metal complex and which absorbs the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gases, the reaction (1) can take place in a known manner at temperatures of about 40-90 degrees C.
- ammonium sulfate is first added to the solution.
- the further consumption of ammonium can be supplemented by gaseous ammonia, ammonium hydroxide or urea.
- the iron III complex oxidized by oxygen from the exhaust gas can advantageously be reduced electronically in electrolysis cells, but also in a known manner by means of other reducing agents, v / ie hydrazine or dithionite.
- the nitrogen oxide reduction is independent of the S02-N0 molar ratio.
- the process can be used behind existing flue gas desulfurization plants. 3.
- the method can additionally be used in the case of simultaneous washing methods if the S02-NO molar ratio is not sufficient and has to be adjusted by cost-intensive measures.
- the process is free of waste water if the iron reduction is carried out electrochemically by means of electrolysis and NH3 is metered in such that no residual products remain.
- the method can be used for S02-free or S02-poor flue gases.
- this is achieved by ultrasonically stimulating the liquid and / or by vibrating the liquid, which is attached to the walls, to set both into vibrations, i.e. the washing liquid and the individual electrolysis elements; additionally also the membranes, which are now continuously pulsed around by the ultrasound-excited and thus vibrating washing liquid, and which make it possible for incrustations to fall off.
- excitation of the liquid and the cleaning and excitation of the membranes and the insertion elements are preferred effected in the cell with ultrasound and thus not subjected to material fatigue as is the case with vibrators.
- the invention it is therefore proposed to use a two-stage separation of SO2 and NOx, in which In the first stage, the normal known S02 washing takes place over limestone or hydrated lime, and in the second stage, according to the invention, a sodium hydroxide washing solution is used for NOx separation, in which the residual emission S02 from the first stage is reduced with the NOx via the electrolysis in such a way that Cleaved N2 is transferred to the atmosphere and sodium sulfate is discharged as the end product.
- the sodium hydroxide solution is provided with an EDTA complex, which is approximately 40 g / l and etv / a has 6 g iron complex, this iron complex being kept active according to the invention with the washing solution via an electrolysis cell by reducing iron III to iron II .
- a second washing stage is operated, which is operated with sodium hydroxide solution, in which an EDTA or NTA complex is mixed in, preferably by 40 g / l, this EDTA complex preferably having at least one Contains 6 g iron complex and the entire washing liquid for reducing the iron is passed through an electrolysis cell.
- the electrolytic cell does not end in a flat bottom, as is known, but instead a swamp-like device arrangement is provided at the end of the cell surfaces, which is provided with a sludge opening valve which is opened in corresponding time amplitudes In order to remove the solid which settles in the lower part of the electrolysis cell - preferably by sink separation - increased by ultrasound and / or vibration to open the controlled valve in the sludge of the electrolysis cell and to hand it over to the process.
- the sump is also emptied by a density measuring device in corresponding time amplitudes, so that even with very strong solids-containing washing liquids to be treated electrolytically electrolytic treatment with high solids density is feasible.
- s is known to bind flue gas by dry hydrated lime in the area of a spray absorber or a contact section.
- the separation of e.g. around 95% S02 means in spray absorbers that a moisture is added which cools the gas almost to the dew point, and consequently a reheating is necessary for the gas to be released into the chimney after the filter.
- a two-stage decision Ab ⁇ provide before a fabric filter, said dry process in the first stage and in the second Stage the rest is separated by wet technology, the gas being cooled only as far as is necessary for the separation, and thus flue gases with temperatures of, for example, 140 degrees C after the boiler only have to be cooled to about 90 degrees C and not, as in wet spray absorption, for example up to 70 degrees C, in order to achieve a deposition of 95%.
- this separation system is achieved in spite of the high temperature maintenance by the fact that, for gas separation with a low temperature drop, the hydrated lime in front of the fabric filter causes a separation performance of about 70% and more, based on the raw gas load, and the used lime from the fabric filter only slightly moistened is passed to the spray absorber in order to be separated from it as used lime from the process.
- FIG. 1 shows a process with integrated water treatment and lime addition
- Figure 2 is a view of an electrolytic cell and FIG. 3 shows a two-stage deposition process in front of a fabric filter.
- the scrubber 1 As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the scrubber 1 the incoming raw gas 2 is washed with circulated wash water via a pump and the wash circuit line 4 and leaves, freed from pollutants, via the clean gas line 3 the scrubber.
- Lime hydrate or limestone 5 is added to the suction line of the wash water circulation pump 6.
- the amount of lime added is controlled stoichiometrically according to the amount of flue gas.
- a part of the water from the main wash water circuit for the separation of solids is fed via line 7 to a gravity separator 13.
- the partial flow of water freed from solids is returned to the laundry sump.
- the bypassing of this partial water quantity is a closed cycle.
- the solid (approx. 30%) thickened in the gravity separator 13 is dewatered via a dewatering station 9.
- the dewatered solid is discharged at 10 and one oxidation station in order to convert the calcium sulfite portion into calcium sulfate dihydrate.
- the fil is returned via line 11 to the gravity separator.
- the lime is added over the entire wash water circuit. This is advantageously done via the metering in the suction line or in the pump reservoir 5 of the wash water circulation pumps.
- 21 denotes the housing of an electrolysis cell.
- the electrolytic cell there are, for example, two electrolytic cell bodies 22 arranged at a distance from one another.
- the electrolytic cell bodies 22 are superimposed by the diaphragm 23.
- the washing liquid 24 to be treated electrolytically is located inside the housing.
- a conical sump 25 is provided below the electrolytic cells.
- the outlet of the conical sump 25 has a controllable sump slide 26.
- the vibration exciter attached to the housing 21 of the cell body is designated by 27.
- An ultrasound device 28 is arranged above the electrolysis cells.
- a further ultrasonic device 29 is located on the conical sump 25.
- the density measuring devices 30 extend into the conical sump 25.
- the raw gas is 31, a spray absorber 32, a fresh lime supply 33. with 34 a fabric filter, with 35 a lime moistening station, with 36 the supply of lime into the spray absorption and with 37 the separation of the used lime.
- this separation system is achieved by entering hydrated lime at 33 dry, and here with e.g. 60-70% separation in the contact section 33 and in the filter 34 is achieved without adding moisture and without lowering the temperature, since these surfaces of the contact section and the filter are insulated, so that only a deposit of less than 30% in the spray absorber at low humidity is achieved must be given.
- a temperature e.g. by 90 degrees C, which is sufficient to transfer the cleaned exhaust gases to the chimney according to the dispersion calculation without reheating.
- a two-stage separation of S02 at a low temperature drop is achieved by introducing the limestone at 33 with the highest contact separation performance into the contact section 33 using dry technology, and after contacting below the filter at 35, the used lime is moistened and is fed to spray absorption at 36.
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Abstract
Procédé pour séparer simultanément le SO2 et NOx des gaz de fumée provenant des chaudières du type à combustion, appliquant l'activation d'un liquide qui est utilisé, avec des additifs tels que du calcaire ou un hydrate de calcium et de l'EDTA ou du NTA et/ou des acides polycarboniques et du CASO4 ou CASO3, pour effectuer un lavage, sous forme d'une quantité partielle, en passant par une étape de séparation solide/liquide avec décharge du liquide inactif dans une enceinte de réaction dans laquelle ont été introduits des additifs réduits, et qui est réacheminée par une pompe et par le réservoir collecteur de l'eau de lavage via un plan d'admission et/ou peut être reutilisé directement, via des paires d'ajutage, pour le processus de lavage, une quantité partielle de l'eau filtrée est introduite, avant son activation, dans la région du foyer de la chaudière à combustion, après avoir été chargée en sels de N+S, et/ou du charbon étant ajouté au combustible avant introduction dans la chaudière du type à combustion. Les réducteurs utilisés dans ce procédé sont de préférence du bisulphite de sodium, de l'acide ascorbique, du dithionite de sodium et des réducteurs similaires. Afin d'améliorer encore ce procédé, il est proposé, avant d'extraire la quantité partielle d'eau filtrée chargée en sels de N + S, de précipiter l'EDTA et de le réintroduire dans le circuit d'eau de lavage. Ce précieux produit est ainsi réinjecté dans le circuit de liquide de lavage et le procédé est par suite très économique puisque seuls l'eau de décharge proprement dite avec les composés de N + S contribuant à l'augmentation de SO2 dans le procédé, passe à travers le charbon et parvient à la région du foyer, de sorte que le degré désiré de relation stoïchiométrique de SO2 à NOx est obtenu.Process for simultaneously separating SO2 and NOx from flue gases from combustion type boilers, applying the activation of a liquid which is used, with additives such as limestone or calcium hydrate and EDTA or NTA and / or polycarbonic acids and CASO4 or CASO3, to perform a washing, in the form of a partial quantity, passing through a solid / liquid separation step with discharge of the inactive liquid in a reaction chamber in which reduced additives have been introduced, which is redirected by a pump and by the washing water collecting tank via an intake plan and / or can be reused directly, via nozzle pairs, for the washing process , a partial quantity of the filtered water is introduced, before its activation, into the region of the hearth of the combustion boiler, after having been loaded with N + S salts, and / or carbon being added to the fuel before introduction into the boiler re of the combustion type. The reducing agents used in this process are preferably sodium bisulphite, ascorbic acid, sodium dithionite and the like. In order to further improve this process, it is proposed, before extracting the partial quantity of filtered water loaded with N + S salts, to precipitate the EDTA and to reintroduce it into the washing water circuit. This precious product is thus reinjected into the washing liquid circuit and the process is therefore very economical since only the actual discharge water with the N + S compounds contributing to the increase in SO2 in the process, passes to through the carbon and reaches the region of the focus, so that the desired degree of stoichiometric relationship of SO2 to NOx is obtained.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (18)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853542907 DE3542907A1 (en) | 1984-08-11 | 1985-12-04 | Process for simultaneously separating out SO2 and NOx from the flue gases of combustion boilers |
DE3542907 | 1985-12-04 | ||
DE19863600270 DE3600270A1 (en) | 1986-01-08 | 1986-01-08 | Simultaneous SO2 and NOx separation in the high temperature region and in the simultaneous wet technique region |
DE3600270 | 1986-01-08 | ||
DE19863601454 DE3601454A1 (en) | 1986-01-20 | 1986-01-20 | Process for removing HCl, HF, SO3, SO2 and NOx from combustion exhaust gases by simultaneous wet scrubbing with controlled scrubbing water circulation and specific addition of lime |
DE3601454 | 1986-01-20 | ||
DE19863604063 DE3604063A1 (en) | 1986-02-08 | 1986-02-08 | Gas purification downstream of waste incineration plants |
DE3603984 | 1986-02-08 | ||
DE3604063 | 1986-02-08 | ||
DE19863603984 DE3603984A1 (en) | 1986-02-08 | 1986-02-08 | Process for separating off nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases |
DE3604801 | 1986-02-15 | ||
DE19863604801 DE3604801A1 (en) | 1986-02-15 | 1986-02-15 | Electrolysis with vibratory agglomeration for preferably gypsum-containing residues in the scrubbing solution |
DE19863607282 DE3607282A1 (en) | 1986-03-06 | 1986-03-06 | Process for separating off SO2 and NOx from flue gases |
DE3607282 | 1986-03-06 | ||
DE3609807 | 1986-03-22 | ||
DE3609807 | 1986-03-22 | ||
DE19863610408 DE3610408A1 (en) | 1986-03-27 | 1986-03-27 | Two-stage semi-dry desulphurisation process |
DE3610408 | 1986-03-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0248855A1 true EP0248855A1 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
Family
ID=27575910
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87900093A Ceased EP0248855A1 (en) | 1985-12-04 | 1986-11-29 | PROCESS FOR SINGLE OR MULTI-PHASE PREFERABLY SIMULTANEOUS SO 2? AND NO x? SEPARATION FROM FLUE GASES IN A WET PROCESS |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0248855A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987003506A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5200160A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-04-06 | Dravo Lime Company | Process for removing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from flue gases |
CN1281297C (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2006-10-25 | 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 | Dry process stack gas desulfur reaction tower with variation structure |
CN102614735A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-01 | 大连华氏流体设备有限公司 | Device and method for smoke desulphurization and waste recycle |
CN103611384B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Ultrasonic-assisted spraying drainage and atomization dust removal device |
CN105080317B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2018-01-16 | 淮南市明月环保科技有限责任公司 | Method that is a kind of while reclaiming sulphur and nitre |
CN105251330B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-09-05 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of flue gas ammonia process synchronized desulfuring and denitrifying technique that iron is removed based on electrolytic regeneration |
CN106422713A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-02-22 | 陈佐会 | Method for desulfuration, denitration and dust removal through ultrasonic atomization |
CN109233775B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Removing agent for sulfur-containing peculiar smell gas of heavy oil thermal production well and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2919235A (en) * | 1956-11-06 | 1959-12-29 | Paul S Roller | Electrolytic method and apparatus for the production of metal hydroxide |
NL6912935A (en) * | 1968-08-31 | 1970-03-03 | ||
US3755161A (en) * | 1970-02-05 | 1973-08-28 | Osaka Soda Co Ltd | Treatment process for removal of metals and treating agent therefor |
JPS5290475A (en) * | 1976-01-26 | 1977-07-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Treatment of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in exhaust gases |
FR2486818B1 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1985-05-31 | Rhone Poulenc Chim Base | PROCESS FOR TREATING A GAS CONTAINING NITROGEN OXIDES |
DE3418285A1 (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-12-20 | Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck | Process for scrubbing out SO2, HCL, HF, NOx and other pollutants from the flue gas downstream of, preferably, fossil-fuel power stations |
DE3324668A1 (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-01-17 | Ekkehard Prof. Dr.-Ing. 4300 Essen Weber | Process for the disposal of nitrogen oxide using organic nitrogen compounds |
WO1985003238A2 (en) * | 1984-01-25 | 1985-08-01 | Hoelter Heinz | Process for stripping nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides as well as optionally other noxious elements of flue gas from combustion plants |
-
1986
- 1986-11-29 WO PCT/EP1986/000693 patent/WO1987003506A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-11-29 EP EP87900093A patent/EP0248855A1/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8703506A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1987003506A3 (en) | 1987-07-16 |
WO1987003506A2 (en) | 1987-06-18 |
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