EP0248018B1 - Cible - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0248018B1
EP0248018B1 EP19860902562 EP86902562A EP0248018B1 EP 0248018 B1 EP0248018 B1 EP 0248018B1 EP 19860902562 EP19860902562 EP 19860902562 EP 86902562 A EP86902562 A EP 86902562A EP 0248018 B1 EP0248018 B1 EP 0248018B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
projectile
sound
velocity
waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860902562
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0248018A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Yngve Axner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab Training Systems AB
Original Assignee
Saab Training Systems AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saab Training Systems AB filed Critical Saab Training Systems AB
Priority to AT86902562T priority Critical patent/ATE48470T1/de
Publication of EP0248018A1 publication Critical patent/EP0248018A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0248018B1 publication Critical patent/EP0248018B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J5/00—Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
    • F41J5/06—Acoustic hit-indicating systems, i.e. detecting of shock waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a target of the type having an acoustic chamber, within which inner microphones are arranged to receive the sound-waves that are generated by a projectile, fired against the target, when entering said chamber, the microphones being connected to means adapted to establish the hit position of the projectile on the basis of differences in the transit time of the sound-waves to said microphones, one outer microphone being arranged outside the acoustic chamber.
  • the velocity of the projectile is the most common way of determining this velocity is to measure, by the aid of two sensors, the time difference for the passages of the projectile through two measurement planes, arranged in a distance from each other. The velocity of the projectile is then calculated by dividing the known distance between the measurement planes by the measured time difference.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a target, in which the velocity of a projectile, fired against the target with supersonic velocity, can be determined in a simple way utilizing one single sensor, arranged in front of the target, close to it.
  • This object is achieved in a target of the type mentioned introductorily, in accordance with the present invention, by arranging the outer microphone at the front of the target substantially in the front plane of the target to receive the sound-waves that are generated by a projectile, fired with supersonic velocity against the target, which microphone is connected to means for determining the projectile velocity, which are arranged to determine the supersonic velocity of the projectile, fired against the target, on the basis of the hit position of the projectile and the transit time of the sound-waves to the outer microphone.
  • four inner microphones are arranged in the acoustic chamber connected to the means adapted to establish the hit position of the projectile, which in this case are provided for determining the hit position of the projectile as well as the sound velocity in the acoustic chamber.
  • the means adapted to establish the hit position of the projectile and the means for determining the projectile velocity are preferably the same means.
  • the target shown in fig 1 and 2 has a front sheet 1 of rubber or plastic material, which is of such a character, that the sheet 1 cannot be torn open or be frayed as a result of being pierced, but will close up again each time it has been pierced.
  • the target is also provided with a rear sheet 2 of the same material as the front sheet 1.
  • the sheets 1 and 2, which are impermeable to sound, are fastened to a circumferential frame 3, which together with the sheets 1 and 2 defines an acoustic chamber 4.
  • Four microphones 5 are arranged in the lower part of chamber 4 to receive the sound- waves, that are generated by a projectile, fired against the target, entering the chamber 4.
  • the propagation of these sound-waves in chamber 4 is circular with the projectile in the centre.
  • the microphones 5 are connected to means (not shown) which are adapted to determine the hit position of the projectile on the basis of differences in the transit time of the sound-waves to the four microphones.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a projectile 6 fired against the target, and its trajectory 7.
  • the projectile 6, which is shown in the moment as its point enters into chamber 4, is supposed to possess supersonic velocity, and the sound-waves, emanating from the point of the projectile, thus propagate against the target in the form of a cone with the cone angle 2a.
  • These outer soundwaves do not enter chamber 4, as they are stopped by the sheet 1, impermeable to sound.
  • the sound-waves, that are generated by the projectile 6, propagate, as mentioned above, circularly with the projectile as a centre.
  • These inner sound-waves reach the four microphones at different points of time, which are dependent on the hit position of the projectile, that is to say the distance to each microphone, and on the sound velocity in chamber 4.
  • the hit position of the projectile is determined by said means, not shown, mentioned above, to which the microphones 5 are connected.
  • the hit position determined is registered, and the marksman obtains an indication hereof on a screen or strip.
  • An assumed hit position in figure 1 has the coordinates (x;y) in the coordinate system provided, whilst the four microphones 5 have the coordinates (xi;yi), (x 2 ;y 2 ), (x 3 ;y 3 ) and (X 4 ;Y 4 ).
  • fig 3 the conical propagation of the projectile 6 in front of the target is illustrated.
  • the supersonic velocity of the projectile is marked by p and its wave propagation velocity parallel to the plane of the target is marked by w.
  • Equal sound velocity v is assumed to be prevailing in acoustic chamber 4 and outside the target.
  • the sound velocity in air is dependent substantially exclusively on the temperature and is practically independent on air pressure, air density and air humidity, thus the same temperature is assumed to be prevailing within acoustic chamber 4 and outside the target.
  • the target is provided with means, adapted to maintain the air temperature within the acoustic chamber equal to the air temperature in the environment of the target. These means here consist of ventholes 8, formed in the frame 3.
  • the sound velocity v is determined, in accordance with the above mentioned equation I, and by determining the wave propagation velocity w parallel to the plane of the target the projectile velocity p can thus be determined.
  • the target in accordance with the present invention is provided, for this object, with an outer microphone 9 arranged at the front of the target, substantially in the front plane of the target, that is to say immediately in front of it, fastened to the lower part of the frame 3 by a holder 10.
  • the outer microphone 9 is adapted to receive the sound-waves, that are generated by a projectile, fired against the target with supersonic velocity and is, like the inner microphones 5, connected to the above mentioned means, not shown.
  • the outer microphone 9 has the coordinates ( X5 ; Y5 ) in the coordinate system in fig 1, the following relationship being true: where like above (equation I), (x;y) is the hit position point and to is the transit time for the sound- waves from the hit position point to the inner microphone 5 nearest to it, and where t 5 + to is the transit time of the sound-waves from the hit position point to the outer microphone 9.
  • the hit position (x;y) and the sound velocity v are determined in accordance with the equation I above, and the wave propagation velocity w parallel to the plane of the target can then be calculated by the aid of equation III.
  • the velocity p of the projectile is then, finally, calculated by the aid of equation II.
  • t s is normally negative, as the outer microphone 9 in this case is normally activated before all the inner microphones 5.
  • t s is normally negative, as the outer microphone 9 in this case is normally activated before all the inner microphones 5.
  • t s is normally negative, as the outer microphone 9 in this case is normally activated before all the inner microphones 5.
  • the calculated projectile velocity p is registered and can, like the hit position, be indicated to the marksman at a screen or strip.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Une cible est pourvue d'une chambre acoustique (4), à l'intérieur de laquelle des microphones internes (5) permettent de recevoir les ondes sonores produites par un projectile (6) tiré contre la cible. Des microphones internes (5) sont reliés à un organe permettant de déterminer la position d'impact du projectile en se fondant sur les différences dans les temps de transit des ondes sonores jusqu'auxdits microphones (5). Un microphone externe (9) est placé au devant de la cible, essentiellement dans le plan frontal de cette dernière, afin de recevoir les ondes sonores produites par un projectile (6) tiré contre la cible à une vitesse supersonique. Le microphone externe (9) est relié à un organe permettant de déterminer la vitesse supersonique du projectile tiré contre la cible en se fondant sur la position d'impact du projectile et sur le temps de transit des ondes sonores jusqu'au microphone externe.

Claims (4)

1. Cible du type comprenant une chambre acoustique (4) dans laquelle des microphones intérieurs (5) sont disposés pour recevoir les ondes sonores qui sont engendrées par un projectile (6) tiré sur la cible, lors de son entrée dans ladite chambre, les microphones étant reliés à des moyens agencés pour établir le point d'impact du projectile sur la base des différences dans le temps de passage des ondes sonores vers lesdits microphones, un microphone extérieur (9) étant disposé à l'extérieur de la chambre acoustique (4), caractérisé en ce que le microphone extérieur (9) est disposé à l'avant de la cible sensiblement dans le plan frontal de la cible, pour recevoir les ondes sonores qui sont par un projectile (6) tiré à vitesse supersonique contre la cible, ledit microphone étant relié à des moyens de détermination de la vitesse du projectile, agencés pour déterminer la vitesse supersonique du projectile tiré sur la cible, sur la base du point d'impact du projectile et du temps de passage des ondes sonores vers le microphone extérieur (9).
2. Cible selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que des moyens sont prévus pour déterminer la vitesse du son dans la chambre acoustique (4) et que des moyens (8) sont prévus pour maintenir la température de l'air dans la chambre acoustique sensiblement égale à la température de l'air dans l'environnement de la cible.
3. Cible selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que quatre microphones intérieurs (5) sont disposés dans la chambre acoustique (4) et reliés aux moyens adaptés pour établir le point d'impact du projectile qui, dans ce cas, sont prévus pour déterminer tant le point d'impact du projectile que la vitesse du son dans la chambre acoustique.
4. Cible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de détermination du point d'impact et les moyens de détermination de la vitesse du projectile sont, de préférence, les mêmes moyens.
EP19860902562 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Cible Expired EP0248018B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86902562T ATE48470T1 (de) 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Ziel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8501649 1985-04-03
SE8501649A SE451504B (sv) 1985-04-03 1985-04-03 Skjuttavla

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0248018A1 EP0248018A1 (fr) 1987-12-09
EP0248018B1 true EP0248018B1 (fr) 1989-12-06

Family

ID=20359752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860902562 Expired EP0248018B1 (fr) 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Cible

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0248018B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3667325D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK158855C (fr)
FI (1) FI874301A0 (fr)
SE (1) SE451504B (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005870A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3823490C2 (de) * 1988-07-11 1994-08-11 Ingbuero Fuer Elektro Mechanis Einrichtung zur selbsttätigen elektronischen Bestimmung der Trefferkoordinaten von überschallschnellen Geschossen an fliegenden Zielkörpern
JP2691247B2 (ja) * 1994-02-25 1997-12-17 バブコック日立株式会社 射撃訓練装置
CN1055540C (zh) * 1995-10-11 2000-08-16 中国兵器工业第208研究所 自动报靶器
IL118846A (en) * 1996-07-14 2000-07-16 Levanon Nadav Method and apparatus for acoustic monitoring of the trajectory of a supersonic projectile
CN1078346C (zh) * 1999-12-22 2002-01-23 陈少元 射击命中定位方法
EP2040025A1 (fr) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-25 Saab Ab Système pour cible avec détermination automatique du point d'impact
JP6799848B2 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2020-12-16 株式会社エイテック 標的システム
RU190955U1 (ru) * 2019-03-12 2019-07-17 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ КАЗЕННОЕ ВОЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения имени Петра Великого МИНИСТЕРСТВА ОБОРОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ Регистрирующая мишень
IL295152A (en) 2022-07-27 2024-02-01 Synchrosense Ltd Mobile ultrasonic sling tracking

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH609767A5 (en) * 1977-02-03 1979-03-15 Hansruedi Walti Firing target

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK158855B (da) 1990-07-23
DK158855C (da) 1990-12-24
DK578286A (da) 1986-12-02
DE3667325D1 (de) 1990-01-11
SE8501649L (sv) 1986-10-04
WO1986005870A1 (fr) 1986-10-09
SE8501649D0 (sv) 1985-04-03
DK578286D0 (da) 1986-12-02
SE451504B (sv) 1987-10-12
EP0248018A1 (fr) 1987-12-09
FI874301A (fi) 1987-10-01
FI874301A0 (fi) 1987-10-01

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