EP0247978B1 - Pneumatic device for automatically turning knitwear inside out at circular hosiery knitting machines - Google Patents
Pneumatic device for automatically turning knitwear inside out at circular hosiery knitting machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0247978B1 EP0247978B1 EP87830185A EP87830185A EP0247978B1 EP 0247978 B1 EP0247978 B1 EP 0247978B1 EP 87830185 A EP87830185 A EP 87830185A EP 87830185 A EP87830185 A EP 87830185A EP 0247978 B1 EP0247978 B1 EP 0247978B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conduit
- fan
- intake
- suction
- outer conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
- D04B15/88—Take-up or draw-off devices for knitting products
- D04B15/92—Take-up or draw-off devices for knitting products pneumatic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to pneumatic devices for the automatic turning of knitted stockings on circular stocking machines and more particularly to an improvement to a pneumatic turning device according to the preamble of claim 1 and known further to document GB-A-2 124 260.
- the descent of the knitted fabric or stocking under construction in the external duct is obtained by a downward suction created in the duct itself, since it is connected, by means of a hose and a valve, to a depressor centralized.
- the knitted fabric or stocking when it is finished, is sucked up, turned over and moved away through the interior duct using a suction produced by a fan and with the assistance of the air current which, coming from the external conduit, passes through a mouth of the aforementioned valve connected to the atmosphere.
- a suction system for turning over is not sufficient, either in practice or as it is also provided for in the abovementioned document, the operation must be assisted by means of a current. concomitant pressure air delivered by a compressor connected to the device through at least one nozzle.
- the inlet of the return fan is connected to the interior duct, while its outlet is open to the atmosphere.
- such a device includes availability and use, in addition to a centralized depressor, also of a pneumatic compressor with the operating costs which it includes.
- the concomitant action of the fan and the compressor presser is not always effective and sufficient to ensure the reversal and the distancing of the knits, especially if they are long and heavy.
- the suction fan for the knitting or knitting phase discharges the air into the atmosphere without using it.
- the invention relates to a pneumatic device for the reversal of knitted or knitted stockings on circular knitting machines, which is safer, more efficient and more functional and which consents to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks and disadvantages .
- the device allows the elimination of the availability and the use of a compressor by using the current of compressed air at the outlet of the fan to create a bottom-up push on the product in the inversion phase. , concomitantly with the suction action of the fan itself in the internal suction and return duct.
- the invention relates to a device reversal tire associated with a circular knitting machine according to the characterizing part of claim 1).
- the latter delimits, with the inner tube 4), an outer annular duct A intended to receive the product 2) during the manufacturing phase, while the inner tube 4) itself delimits an inner duct B for suction and return of the product 2) when it is finished.
- the outer conduit A is closed at the bottom and it is connected radially, through the holes 3 ⁇ ) provided in the outer tube 3), with an outer pipe 13a) fixed in the protective element 5).
- the inner tube B is open either at the top or at the bottom, where it is in axial communication with a pipe 14b) for the removal of knitted products and ending in a so-called regulator 6) provided with a flap 6 ⁇ ) for the product release.
- the pipes 13a) and 14b) are part of a pneumatic circuit which comprises a general suction duct 7) connected to a centralized depressor - not shown - a fan 8) and a valve assembly 9).
- valve assembly 9) has a valve body 10) having: a first connection 17) connected, by means of a hose 27), to the centralized suction duct 7) and, by means of a hose 28), at fan E input 8); a second connection 13) is connected to conduit A by means of a pipe 38) at the outlet U of the fan 8).
- the pipe 28) which connects the valve assembly to the inlet E of the fan 8) detaches and connects, by means of a pipe 48), to the regulator 6) as shown in FIG. 1 of the drawing.
- a valve for example a butterfly 11) - c. Fig. 2 - movable from a position where it connects the first connection 17) to the second connection 13), excluding the third connection 18), to a position where it excludes the first connection 17) and puts the third connection into communication 18) with the second 13).
- a valve for example a butterfly valve 12) controlled to close the pipe itself when the butterfly valve 11) of the assembly 9 ) excludes the third connection 18) to open the pipe 28) when the throttle valve 11) excludes the first connection 17) and puts the third connection into communication with the second connection to use the compressed air coming out of the fan 8).
- the fan 8) is stopped, the butterfly 11) is in the position of which in FIG. 2 to port the central vacuum 7) with the pipe 13a) and therefore with the external duct A , and the butterfly 12) is in the closed position of the pipe 28). Leaving the product 2) is gradually sucked down into the external duct A thanks to the centralized suction 7).
- the stream of compressed air created by the fan can be used to control a pneumatic actuator for opening the flap 6 ⁇ ) of the regulator 6) at the time of discharge outside the product.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne les dispositifs pneumatiques pour le retournement automatique des bas tricotés sur les machines circulaires à bas et plus en particulier un perfectionnement à un dispositif pneumatique de retournement selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et connu suite au document GB-A-2 124 260.The present invention relates to pneumatic devices for the automatic turning of knitted stockings on circular stocking machines and more particularly to an improvement to a pneumatic turning device according to the preamble of claim 1 and known further to document GB-A-2 124 260.
C'est un fait bien connu que les tricots, ou bien les bas tricotés sur les machines circulaires, à mesure qu'ils sont formés, tendent à descendre à l'intérieur du cylindre à aiguilles.It is a well known fact that knitwear, or even stockings knitted on circular machines, as they are formed, tend to descend inside the needle cylinder.
En outre, on sait bien qu'il faut retourner les bas finis avant de les transférer aux traitements successifs.In addition, it is well known that the finished stockings must be turned over before transferring them to successive treatments.
A présent, l'opération de retournement des tricots ou bas produits sur les machines circulaires à tricoter est déjà automatique et il est obtenu essentiellement au moyen d'un dispositif pneumatique associé au cylindre, mais ce dispositif comporte des inconvénients et des desavantages d'ordre économique. En fait, dans le document susdit GB-A-2 124 260 on a décrit une forme de réalisation de retournement pneumatique qui comprend deux conduits concentriques, l'un extérieur et l'autre intérieur, délimités par deux tubes coaxiaux qui s'étendent en axe dans le cylindre et qui tournent avec le cylindre lui-meme. Le conduit extérieur est destiné à recevoir le tricot ou bas pendant sa formation sur la machine circulaire; le conduit intérieur est destiné à entraîner le tricot ou bas, en le retournant, quand il est fini et aussi à l'éloigner de la machine.Now, the operation of turning knits or stockings produced on circular knitting machines is already automatic and it is obtained essentially by means of a pneumatic device associated with the cylinder, but this device has drawbacks and drawbacks of order economic. In fact, in the aforementioned document GB-A-2 124 260 there has been described an embodiment of pneumatic reversal which comprises two concentric conduits, one exterior and the other interior, delimited by two coaxial tubes which extend in axis in the cylinder and which rotate with the cylinder itself. The outer conduit is intended to receive the knit or stocking during its formation on the circular machine; the inner conduit is intended to entrain the knitting or stocking, by turning it over, when it is finished and also to move it away from the machine.
La descente du tricot ou bas en construction dans le conduit extérieur est obtenu par une aspiration vers le bas créée dans le conduit lui-même, attendu qu'il est connecté, au moyen d'un tuyau et d'une soupape, à un dépresseur centralisé.The descent of the knitted fabric or stocking under construction in the external duct is obtained by a downward suction created in the duct itself, since it is connected, by means of a hose and a valve, to a depressor centralized.
D'autre part, le tricot ou bas, quand il est fini, est aspiré, retourné et éloigné à travers le conduit intérieur à l'aide d'une aspiration produite par un ventilateur et avec l'assistance du courant d'air qui, provenant du conduit extérieur, passe par une bouche de la soupape susdite connectée à l'atmosphère. Toutefois, dans le cas qu'un tel système d'aspiration pour le retournement n'est pas suffisant, soit en pratique soit comme il est prévu aussi dans le document sus-cité, il faut aider l'opération au moyen d'un courant d'air en pression concomitant livré par un compresseur connecté au dispositif à travers au moins un gicleur. En tout cas, dans la réalisation actuelle, l'entrée du ventilateur de retournement est connectée au conduit intérieur,tandis que sa sortie est ouverte à l'atmosphère.Partant,un tel dispositif comporte la disponibilité et l'emploi, outre que d'un appareil dépresseur centralisé, aussi d'un compresseur pneumatique avec les frais d'exploitation qu' il comporte. Toutefois, l'action concomitante du ventilateur et du compresseur presseur n'est pas toujours efficace et suffisante à assurer le retournement et l'éloignement des tricots, surtout s'ils sont longs et lourds. D'autre part, le ventilateur aspirant pour la phase de retournement du tricot ou du bas décharge l'air dans l'atmosphère sans l'utiliser.On the other hand, the knitted fabric or stocking, when it is finished, is sucked up, turned over and moved away through the interior duct using a suction produced by a fan and with the assistance of the air current which, coming from the external conduit, passes through a mouth of the aforementioned valve connected to the atmosphere. However, in the event that such a suction system for turning over is not sufficient, either in practice or as it is also provided for in the abovementioned document, the operation must be assisted by means of a current. concomitant pressure air delivered by a compressor connected to the device through at least one nozzle. In any case, in the current embodiment, the inlet of the return fan is connected to the interior duct, while its outlet is open to the atmosphere. Consequently, such a device includes availability and use, in addition to a centralized depressor, also of a pneumatic compressor with the operating costs which it includes. However, the concomitant action of the fan and the compressor presser is not always effective and sufficient to ensure the reversal and the distancing of the knits, especially if they are long and heavy. On the other hand, the suction fan for the knitting or knitting phase discharges the air into the atmosphere without using it.
En outre, dans les conduits du dispositif il y a des fentes d'aération qui peuvent constituer des obstacles et retenir des déchets ou des fils en les embrouillant, ce qui comporte des engorgements et/ ou la réduction de l'efficience des dispositifs.In addition, in the conduits of the device there are ventilation slots which can constitute obstacles and retain waste or wires by confusing them, which involves blockages and / or the reduction of the efficiency of the devices.
Par contre, l'invention concerne un dispositif pneumatique pour le retournement des tricots ou des bas façonnés sur les machines circulaires à tricoter, qui est plus sûr, plus efficace et plus fonctionnel et qui consente d'obvier aux inconvénients et aux désavantages sus-dits. En particulier, le dispositif permet l'élimination de la disponibilité et de l'emploi d'un compresseur en utilisant le courant d'air comprimé à la sortie du ventilateur pour créer une poussée du bas vers le haut sur le produit en phase de retournement, concomitamment à l'action aspirante du ventilateur lui-même dans le conduit intérieur d'aspiration et de retournement.On the other hand, the invention relates to a pneumatic device for the reversal of knitted or knitted stockings on circular knitting machines, which is safer, more efficient and more functional and which consents to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks and disadvantages . In particular, the device allows the elimination of the availability and the use of a compressor by using the current of compressed air at the outlet of the fan to create a bottom-up push on the product in the inversion phase. , concomitantly with the suction action of the fan itself in the internal suction and return duct.
Dans ce but, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif pneumatique de retournement associé à une machine circulaire à tricoter conforme à la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1).To this end, the invention relates to a device reversal tire associated with a circular knitting machine according to the characterizing part of claim 1).
Un exemple de réalisation pratique de l'invention sera mieux illustré ci de suite par la description faite avec référence au dessin ci-joint dans lequel:
- la Fig. 1
- montre la vue schématique du dispositif pneumatique associé au cylindre d'une machine circulaire à tricoter; et
- la Fig. 2
- montre la section de l'ensemble de soupapes du dispositif.
- Fig. 1
- shows the schematic view of the pneumatic device associated with the cylinder of a circular knitting machine; and
- Fig. 2
- shows the cross section of the device valve assembly.
Dans ce dessin, par 1) est indiqué le cylindre à aiguilles pour la production des tricots 2) qu'il faut retourner quand ils sont finis. En dedans du cylindre 1) est fixé le tube extérieur 3) qui se prolongue vers le bas au-dessous du cylindre 1) et dans lequel s'étend le tube intérieur 4) de diamètre plus petit et déplaçable en direction axiale. Les tubes extérieur 3) et intérieur 4) sont en tout cas liés entre eux et il tournent - d'une manière connue - avec le cylindre 1) par rapport à un élément tubulaire fixe de protection 5) entourant le tube extérieur 3).In this drawing, by 1) is indicated the needle cylinder for the production of knits 2) which must be turned over when they are finished. Inside the cylinder 1) is fixed the outer tube 3) which extends down below the cylinder 1) and in which extends the inner tube 4) of smaller diameter and movable in the axial direction. The outer 3) and inner 4) tubes are in any case linked together and they rotate - in a known manner - with the cylinder 1) with respect to a fixed tubular protective element 5) surrounding the outer tube 3).
Ce dernier délimite, avec le tube intérieur 4), un conduit annulaire extérieur A destiné à recevoir le produit 2) en phase de fabrication, tandis que le tube intérieur 4) délimite lui-même un conduit intérieur B d'aspiration et de retournement du produit 2) quand il est fini. Le conduit extérieur A est fermé en bas et il est connecté radialement, à travers les trous 3ʹ) prévus dans le tube extérieur 3), avec un tuyau extérieur 13a) fixé dans l'élément de protection 5). Le tube intérieur B est ouvert soit en haut soit en bas, où il est en communication axiale avec un tuyau 14b) pour l'éloignement des produits tricotés et terminant dans un soi-disant détendeur 6) muni d'un volet 6ʹ) pour la sortie des produits.The latter delimits, with the inner tube 4), an outer annular duct A intended to receive the product 2) during the manufacturing phase, while the inner tube 4) itself delimits an inner duct B for suction and return of the product 2) when it is finished. The outer conduit A is closed at the bottom and it is connected radially, through the holes 3ʹ) provided in the outer tube 3), with an
Les tuyaux 13a) et 14b) font partie d'un circuit pneumatique qui comprend un conduit d'aspiration général 7) connecté à un dépresseur centralisé - ne pas représenté - un ventilateur 8) et un ensemble soupapes 9).The
Plus précisément, l'ensemble soupapes 9) présente un corps de soupape 10) ayant : un premier branchement 17) connecté, au moyen d'un tuyau 27), au conduit d'aspiration centralisé 7) et, au moyen d'un tuyau 28), à l'entrée E du ventilateur 8); un deuxième branchement 13) est connecté au conduit A au moyen d'un tuyau 38) à la sortie U du ventilateur 8). En outre, le tuyau 28) qui connecte l'ensemble soupapes à l'entrée E du ventilateur 8) se détache et se connecte, au moyen d'un tuyau 48), au détendeur 6) comme montre la Fig. 1 du dessin.More specifically, the valve assembly 9) has a valve body 10) having: a first connection 17) connected, by means of a hose 27), to the centralized suction duct 7) and, by means of a hose 28), at fan E input 8); a second connection 13) is connected to conduit A by means of a pipe 38) at the outlet U of the fan 8). In addition, the pipe 28) which connects the valve assembly to the inlet E of the fan 8) detaches and connects, by means of a pipe 48), to the regulator 6) as shown in FIG. 1 of the drawing.
Dans le corps 10) de l'ensemble 9) il y a une soupape par exemple un papillon 11) - v. Fig. 2 - déplaçable d'une position où il met en communication le premier branchement 17) avec le deuxième branchement 13), en excluant le troisième branchement 18), à une position où il exclut le premier branchement 17) et met en communication le troisième branchement 18) avec le deuxième 13). Enfin, dans le tuyau 28) connectant l'ensemble 9) à l'entrée du ventilateur 8) est inséré une soupape, par exemple un papillon 12) commandé pour fermer le tuyau lui-même quand le papillon 11) de l'ensemble 9) exclut le troisième branchement 18) pour ouvrir le tuyau 28) quand le papillon 11) exclut le premier branchement 17) et met en communication le troisième branchement avec le deuxième branchement pour utiliser l'air comprimé qui sort du ventilateur 8).In the body 10) of the assembly 9) there is a valve for example a butterfly 11) - c. Fig. 2 - movable from a position where it connects the first connection 17) to the second connection 13), excluding the third connection 18), to a position where it excludes the first connection 17) and puts the third connection into communication 18) with the second 13). Finally, in the pipe 28) connecting the assembly 9) to the inlet of the fan 8) is inserted a valve, for example a butterfly valve 12) controlled to close the pipe itself when the butterfly valve 11) of the assembly 9 ) excludes the third connection 18) to open the pipe 28) when the throttle valve 11) excludes the first connection 17) and puts the third connection into communication with the second connection to use the compressed air coming out of the fan 8).
Pendant la formation du produit 2) le ventilateur 8) est arrêté, le papillon 11) est dans la position dont à la Fig. 2 pour mettre en communication l'aspiration centralisée 7) avec le tuyau 13a) et donc avec le conduit extérieur A, et le papillon 12) est dans la position de fermeture du tuyau 28). Partant le produit 2) est progressivement aspiré vers le bas dans le conduit extérieur A grâce à l'aspiration centralisée 7).During the formation of the product 2) the fan 8) is stopped, the butterfly 11) is in the position of which in FIG. 2 to port the central vacuum 7) with the
Quand le produit est fini le papillon 11) invertit sa position - voir la ligne interrompue courte en Fig. 2 - de manière à mettre en communication le deuxième branchement 18) avec le troisième branchement 13) du corps 10). En même temps le papillon 12) se porte dans la position d'ouverture du tuyau 28). Partant, l'aspiration dans le conduit extérieur A cesse, tandis que l'aspiration centralisée va à intéresser le conduit intérieur B à travers les tuyaux 28) et 48), le détendeur 6) et le tuyau 14b). A ce point démarre le ventilateur 8) qui, du côté de son entrée E, exerce une aspiration dans le conduit intérieur B du dispositif à travers le tuyau 48), le détendeur 6) et le tuyau 14b) et qui, du côté de sa sortie U, crée un courant d'air comprimé qui est dirigé, à travers le tuyau 38), le corps 10) et le tuyau 13a), dans le conduit extérieur A. Partant les actions concomitantes d'aspiration vers le bas dans le conduit intérieur B et de poussée du bas vers le haut avec l'air comprimé de la part du ventilateur 8) dans le conduit extérieur A déterminent l'aspiration, le retournement et l'éloignement du produit le long du conduit intérieur et après dans le tuyau 13b) jusqu'au détendeur.When the product is finished the butterfly 11) changes position - see the short broken line in Fig. 2 - so as to put the second connection 18) into communication with the third connection 13) of the body 10). At the same time the butterfly 12) is in the open position of the pipe 28). Therefore, the suction in the outer duct A ceases, while the centralized suction goes to interest the inner duct B through the pipes 28) and 48), the regulator 6) and the
Après le retournement du produit les papillons 11), 12) retournent à leur position initiale, le ventilateur 8) s'arrête et le tout se dispose pour la construction d'un nouveau produit en présence d'une aspiration dans le conduit extérieur seulement.After the product has been turned over, the butterflies 11), 12) return to their initial position, the fan 8) stops and everything is ready for the construction of a new product in the presence of suction in the external duct only.
Enfin, il faut noter que le courant d'air comprimé créé par le ventilateur peut être utilisé pour commander un actionneur pneumatique pour l'ouverture du volet 6ʹ) du détendeur 6) au moment de la décharge en dehors du produit.Finally, it should be noted that the stream of compressed air created by the fan can be used to control a pneumatic actuator for opening the flap 6ʹ) of the regulator 6) at the time of discharge outside the product.
Claims (2)
- Pneumatic device to automatically turn over knitted fabrics produced on circular knitting machines comprising two concentric tubes (3,4) coupled and turning with the needle cylinder (1) and delimiting an outer conduit (A) designed to receive the fabric while it is knitted and an inner conduit (B) designed to intake and turn over the ready fabric and to convey it into a releaser (6), and a pneumatic circuit controlled by butterfly valves (9,12) to create, at first, an aspiration in the outer conduit (A) to move down the product being knitted and after that a suction in the inner conduit (B), concomitant with a current of compressed air for the intake, turnover and ejection of the finished product in the outer conduit (A), the intake in the outer conduit (A) being obtained by a centralized vacuum pump, while the suction in the inner conduit (B) is intermittently obtained by means of a fan (8) with inlet (E) connected to said inner conduit (B) through the releasing conduit (48,6,14b), characterized in that the compressed air is delivered by the fan through outlet (U) connected to the outer conduit (A) by means of said valve elements (38,9,13a), said fan standing still during the suction stages of the centralized intake (7) in the outer conduit (A) only, and in that said valve elements (9,12) are positioned in such a way that they connect the inlet of fan (8) with the outer conduit (A) only during intake and turnover of the product.
- Device according to claim 1), characterized in that both the intake in the inner conduit (B) and the concomitant current of compressed ait in the outer conduit (A) during the intake and turnover of the finished product are obtained by means of said fan (8), whose inlet and outlet are connected, through releasing conduit (6) and valve (9) with the inner and outer conduits (B and A) respectively.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT05174/86A IT1204138B (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | PNEUMATIC DEVICE FOR THE AUTOMATIC REVERSAL OF THE MANUFACTURES BUILT ON CIRCULAR MACHINES FOR FOOTWEAR |
| IT517486 | 1986-05-26 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0247978A2 EP0247978A2 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| EP0247978A3 EP0247978A3 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| EP0247978B1 true EP0247978B1 (en) | 1992-02-05 |
Family
ID=11118851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87830185A Expired - Lifetime EP0247978B1 (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1987-05-14 | Pneumatic device for automatically turning knitwear inside out at circular hosiery knitting machines |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0247978B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3776591D1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1204138B (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1228747B (en) * | 1957-10-30 | 1966-11-17 | Carl Merz K G Maschf | Pneumatic take-off device for circular knitting machines, in particular circular stocking machines |
| US3063275A (en) * | 1959-02-10 | 1962-11-13 | Luchi Vinicio | Device for everting tubular fabric |
| IL35210A (en) * | 1969-09-08 | 1973-07-30 | Bentley Eng Co Ltd | Circular knitting machines |
| IT1192485B (en) * | 1982-07-27 | 1988-04-13 | Solis Srl | PNEUMATIC TENSIONING AND REVERSE DEVICE FOR SOCKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES ON THE CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINES THAT PRODUCE THEM |
-
1986
- 1986-05-26 IT IT05174/86A patent/IT1204138B/en active
-
1987
- 1987-05-14 DE DE8787830185T patent/DE3776591D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-05-14 EP EP87830185A patent/EP0247978B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0247978A2 (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| IT1204138B (en) | 1989-03-01 |
| EP0247978A3 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| IT8605174A0 (en) | 1986-05-26 |
| DE3776591D1 (en) | 1992-03-19 |
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