EP0244353B1 - Method for manufacturing a recoverable tension member - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a recoverable tension member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0244353B1
EP0244353B1 EP87810235A EP87810235A EP0244353B1 EP 0244353 B1 EP0244353 B1 EP 0244353B1 EP 87810235 A EP87810235 A EP 87810235A EP 87810235 A EP87810235 A EP 87810235A EP 0244353 B1 EP0244353 B1 EP 0244353B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
tension member
central
anchored
tension
separation
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EP87810235A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0244353A1 (en
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International Ag Vsl
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VSL International Ltd
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Priority to AT87810235T priority Critical patent/ATE49253T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D9/00—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof
    • E02D9/02—Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds or parts thereof by withdrawing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for producing a tension member to be anchored in the ground or structure and to be subjected to a load, composed of a central link and a plurality of outer links arranged concentrically to the central link, which tension link is intended to be used from the ground or structure after use to be largely removed, and a tension member manufactured in this process.
  • excavation pits are often enclosed by slotted or sheet pile walls, which are anchored on the back by means of grouting anchors with tension members.
  • the tension members are anchored in the ground at the grout anchors and are preloaded to a load.
  • the tension members can also be used in the buildings themselves, e.g. is the case with supports of a bridge. There forces can act on the supports during the construction of the bridge, which necessitate temporary reinforcement of them by tension members.
  • the tension members are removed from the ground or structure and can possibly be reused. There are regulations in some countries that the grout anchors must be removed after the construction work has been completed.
  • DE-OS 30 39 080 describes a recoverable reinforcement element for an anchor.
  • the tension member for a grouted anchor consists of two or more steel bars.
  • the basic idea of this known solution is to embed the spacers between the individual steel rods of the tension member in spread form in the pressing body. By pulling or destroying the detachable spacers, freedom of movement is created for the individual steel bars. After the introduction of a tensile force from the air-side anchoring end while overcoming the shear bond between the steel bars and the pressing body, these are pulled out of the pressing anchor one after the other and thus recovered.
  • DE-PS 26 27 524 describes a grout anchor with a tension member surrounded by a cladding tube.
  • the tension member in the form of a steel wire rope extends through the cladding tube and is slidably disposed therein.
  • the end of the tension member on the earth side is passed through an anchor foot and held by means of a sleeve which is supported against the anchor foot.
  • the basic idea of this solution is that an adhesive is applied as an intermediate layer between the sleeve and the tension member and is pressed through the sleeve onto the tension member.
  • the tensioning action of the sleeve is dimensioned such that the maximum tensile force required to pull out the tension member is somewhat greater than the force exerted on the tension member in the state of use.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object of proposing a method for producing a removable tension member, in which the tension member can be easily manufactured and the load required for removing the tension member can be calculated in advance.
  • a tension member can be used not only in grouted anchors, but also in other areas.
  • tension member 1 When producing a tension member 1 to be anchored in the ground or structure and to be subjected to a load, composed of a central link 2 and a plurality of outer links 3 arranged concentrically to the central link 2, which tension link is intended to be largely removed from the soil or structure after use are proceeded as follows: In the area L (see FIG. 1) of the part 1a of the tension member 1 to be anchored, the central member 2 is completely severed.
  • the tension member 1 according to FIG. 1 consists of a steel wire rope.
  • the twisted outer members 3, which are made of wires are spread apart and the central member 2, which is also made of a wire, is completely sawn through the opening which is thereby created.
  • the tension member 1 consists of a central steel rod and a plurality of outer steel rods concentric and parallel to one another around the central steel rod
  • the central member 2 consisting of the central steel rod is sawn through or sheared off before the tension member 1 is put together.
  • a support element 5 is attached around the separation point 4 by pressing.
  • 1, 3, 4, 5 and 9 consists of a sleeve which is pressed around the same in the area L of the part 1 a of the tension member 1 to be anchored. 6 and 8, the support element 5, together with two wedge-shaped parts 14 and 15 arranged therein, forms a wedge anchor.
  • the surface of the inner wedge-shaped parts 14 and 15 abutting the tension member 1 is provided with a toothing 13.
  • an insert 11 is provided between the inner bore of the pressing sleeve and the circumference of the outer members 3, the material of which is harder than the materials of the pressing sleeve 5 and the tension member 1.
  • one or more of the outer links 3 of the tension member I is completely severed. In no case, however, are all outer members 3 of the tension member 1 completely severed.
  • the central member 2 is always completely severed. At least one outer member 3 is completely severed in the area L of the part 1 of the tension member 1 to be anchored, approximately in the vicinity of the separation point 4 of the central member 2. Then, as mentioned above, the support element 5 is attached to the tension member 1 in the region of the separation point 4 and the separation point 6 of the outer element 3 by transverse pressing.
  • the position of the separation point 4 of the central member 2 can be determined in the region L of the part la of the tension member 1 to be anchored, depending on the size of the load P to be exerted on the tension member 1 during its removal. If the distance L ! between the separation point 4 of the central member 2 and the end of the area L lying in the direction of the load P to be exerted is smaller than that distance L @ between the separation point 4 and the end of the area L of the part L a to be anchored lying in the opposite direction of the load P to be exerted , then the size of the load P to be exerted becomes smaller than that load if the distance L @ were smaller.
  • the load P must be kept as small as possible, but larger than the required working load; then one or more of the outer members 3 of the tension member 1 can also be completely severed in the region of the support element 5.
  • the load to be exerted on the tension member 1, in which the assembled tension member 1 can be removed will be in the following limit range: Required working load ⁇ on the tension member for the purpose of removing it, P ⁇ breaking load of the complete tension member.
  • an abutment 8 is shown, against which the support element 5 is supported with its side facing away from the part 1a to be anchored.
  • This abutment has the same function as the anchor base on a press anchor.
  • 6 to 10 show that the active part of the tension member 1 is arranged in a protective tube 9 net and that the space is filled with a lubricant 10.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 have an elongated passive part 1a (part to be anchored) of the tension member, which part is still anchored in the concrete body 12 behind the support element 5.
  • clamping sleeves 7 are indicated on the outer steel rods 3, which are concentric about a central rod and parallel to one another. By means of these clamping sleeves 7, the outer steel rods 3 are pressed against the central rod 2 and held together with the same. There is no need for an abutment here because the concrete body 12 provides sufficient support for the support element 5 and the passive part 1a.

Abstract

In order to make a tension member (1) substantially removable from the ground or from a structure, a central element (2) thereof is completely severed. If the tension member is to be further weakened, at least one outer element (3) is also severed besides the central element. A supporting contrivance (5) is applied to the tension member either around the point of separation (4) of the central element or around both points of separation (4, 6) of the central element and of the outer element. By application of a load, the tension member is torn apart near the point or points of separation so that the major part of the tension member can be pulled out of the ground or structure and, if need be, reused.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines im Erdreich oder Bauwerk zu verankernden und einer Last auszusetzenden, aus einem Zentralglied und mehreren, konzentrisch zum Zentralglied angeordneten Aussengliedern zusammengestellten Zuggliedes, welches Zugglied dazu bestimmt ist, nach seinem Gebrauch aus dem Erdreich bzw. Bauwerk grösstenteils ausgebaut zu werden, und einem in diesem Verfahren hergestellten Zugglied.The invention is based on a method for producing a tension member to be anchored in the ground or structure and to be subjected to a load, composed of a central link and a plurality of outer links arranged concentrically to the central link, which tension link is intended to be used from the ground or structure after use to be largely removed, and a tension member manufactured in this process.

Für die Konstruktion zum Beispiel von Bauwerken, die sich beispielsweise mehrere Stockwerke tief in den Boden erstrecken, werden häufig Baugruben durch Schlitz- oder Spundwände umschlossen, die mittels Verpressanker mit Zuggliedem rückseitig verankert sind. Die Zugglieder werden bei den Verpressankern im Erdreich verankert und durch Vorspannung einer Last ausgesetzt.For the construction of structures, for example, which extend several floors deep into the ground, excavation pits are often enclosed by slotted or sheet pile walls, which are anchored on the back by means of grouting anchors with tension members. The tension members are anchored in the ground at the grout anchors and are preloaded to a load.

Die Zugglieder können aber auch in den Bauwerken selber Verwendung finden, wie es z.B. bei Stützen einer Brücke der Fall ist. Dort können während des Baues der Brücke auf die Stützen Kräfte wirken, die eine temporäre Verstärkung derselben durch Zugglieder erforderlich machen.The tension members can also be used in the buildings themselves, e.g. is the case with supports of a bridge. There forces can act on the supports during the construction of the bridge, which necessitate temporary reinforcement of them by tension members.

Nach dem Gebrauch werden die Zugglieder aus dem Erdreich oder Bauwerk entfernt und können eventuell wiederverwendet werden. Es gibt in manchen Ländern Bestimmungen, dass die Verpressanker nach Beendigung der Bauarbeiten wieder zu entfernen sind.After use, the tension members are removed from the ground or structure and can possibly be reused. There are regulations in some countries that the grout anchors must be removed after the construction work has been completed.

Zum teilweisen oder vollständigen Ausbau der Zugglieder aus dem Erdreich bzw. dem Bauwerk bieten sich "mechanische", "physikalische", "chemische", oder andere Lösungen an."Mechanical", "physical", "chemical" or other solutions are available for the partial or complete removal of the tension members from the ground or the structure.

Beim mechanischen Ausbau wird z.B. das Prinzip ei ner Soll-Bruchstelle auf dem Zugglied angewandt. Durch die Soll-Bruchstelle wird eine Querschnittverminderung des Zuggliedes erreicht. Diese Methode beschränkt sich meistens auf stabförmige Stahlzugglieder mit einem einzigen Zugstab. Das Zugglied wird durch Ueberspannen über die Zugfestigkeitsgrenze hinaus in der Soll-Bruchstelle abgerissen und aus dem Erdreich bzw. dem Bauwerk grösstenteils entfernt.Mechanical expansion e.g. the principle of a predetermined breaking point applied to the tension member. A cross-section reduction of the tension member is achieved by the predetermined breaking point. This method is mostly limited to rod-shaped steel tension members with a single tension rod. The tension member is torn off over the tensile strength limit in the predetermined breaking point and largely removed from the ground or the structure.

In der DE-OS 30 39 080 ist ein wiedergewinnbares Bewehrungselement für einen Verpressanker beschrieben. Das Zugglied für einen Verpressanker besteht aus zwei oder mehreren Stahlstäben. Der Grundgedanke dieser bekannten Lösung liegt darin, durch Anordnung von Abstandhaltern zwischen den einzelnen Stahlstäben des Zuggliedes diese in gespreizter Form in den Verpresskörper einzubetten. Durch Ziehen oder Zerstören der lösbar eingesetzten Abstandhalter wird ein Bewegungsfreiraum für die einzelnen Stahlstäbe geschaffen. Nach Einleitung einer Zugkraft vom luftseitigen Verankerungsende her unter Ueberwindung des Scherverbundes der Stahlstäbe mit dem Verpresskörper werden diese aus dem Verpressanker nacheinander herausgezogen und so wieder gewonnen.DE-OS 30 39 080 describes a recoverable reinforcement element for an anchor. The tension member for a grouted anchor consists of two or more steel bars. The basic idea of this known solution is to embed the spacers between the individual steel rods of the tension member in spread form in the pressing body. By pulling or destroying the detachable spacers, freedom of movement is created for the individual steel bars. After the introduction of a tensile force from the air-side anchoring end while overcoming the shear bond between the steel bars and the pressing body, these are pulled out of the pressing anchor one after the other and thus recovered.

In der DE-PS 26 27 524 ist ein Verpressanker mit einem von einem Hüllrohr umgebenen Zugglied beschrieben. Das in Form eines Stahldrahtseiles ausgebildete Zugglied erstreckt sich durch das Hüllrohr und ist darin gleitbar angeordnet. Das erdseitige Ende des Zuggliedes ist durch einen Ankerfuss hindurchgeführt und mittels einer sich gegen den Ankerfuss abstützenden Hülse gehalten. Der Grundgedanke dieser Lösung liegt darin, dass zwischen der Hülse und dem Zugglied ein Haftmittel als Zwischenlage angebracht und durch die Hülse an das Zugglied festgegepresst ist. Die Spannwirkung der Hülse ist so bemessen, dass die maximale Zugkraft, die zum Herausziehen des Zuggliedes erforderlich ist, etwas grösser als die Kraft ist, die im Gebrauchszustand auf das Zugglied ausgeübt wird.DE-PS 26 27 524 describes a grout anchor with a tension member surrounded by a cladding tube. The tension member in the form of a steel wire rope extends through the cladding tube and is slidably disposed therein. The end of the tension member on the earth side is passed through an anchor foot and held by means of a sleeve which is supported against the anchor foot. The basic idea of this solution is that an adhesive is applied as an intermediate layer between the sleeve and the tension member and is pressed through the sleeve onto the tension member. The tensioning action of the sleeve is dimensioned such that the maximum tensile force required to pull out the tension member is somewhat greater than the force exerted on the tension member in the state of use.

Die beiden oben erwähnten Druckschriften beschreiben nur einen Verpressanker.The two publications mentioned above only describe one grout anchor.

Der Nachteil des ausbaubaren Ankers nach der DE-OS 30 39 080 besteht darin, dass in den Verpressanker mit dem Zugglied Abstandhalter eingebaut und nachher wieder herausgezogen werden müssen, wodurch die Konstruktion des Verpressankers kompliziert und somit verteuert wird.The disadvantage of the removable anchor according to DE-OS 30 39 080 is that spacers have to be installed in the grouting anchor with the tension member and then pulled out again, which complicates the construction of the grouting anchor and thus makes it more expensive.

Bei der DE-PS 26 27 524 ist zwischen der Aussenfläche des Zuggliedes und der Bohrung der Presshülse ein Haftmittel angeordnet, das so bemessen werden muss, dass auch wirklich die Belastbarkeit zwischen den Grenzen der Gebrauchslast und Bruchfestigkeit liegt. Der Toleranzbereich ist aber bei der Herstellung sehr gering und jede Ungenauigkeit kann den Unsicherheitsfaktor der Belastbarkeit des Verpressankers vergrössern.In DE-PS 26 27 524 an adhesive is arranged between the outer surface of the tension member and the bore of the compression sleeve, which must be dimensioned such that the load capacity really lies between the limits of the working load and breaking strength. However, the tolerance range during manufacture is very small and any inaccuracy can increase the uncertainty factor of the load capacity of the grout anchor.

Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ausbaubaren Zuggliedes vorzuschlagen, in welchem das Zugglied einfach hergestellt werden kann und die zum Ausbau des Zuggliedes benötigte Last im voraus berechenbar ist. Ein solches Zugglied kann nicht nur bei Verpressankern, sondern auch in anderen Gebieten Verwendung finden.The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object of proposing a method for producing a removable tension member, in which the tension member can be easily manufactured and the load required for removing the tension member can be calculated in advance. Such a tension member can be used not only in grouted anchors, but also in other areas.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 sowie im Patentanspruch 5 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Es ist von Vorteil, wenn nebst dem Zentralglied mindestens ein Aussenglied vollständig durchgetrennt werden kann. Wenn das Aussenglied im Bereich des zu verankernden Teiles des Zuggliedes vollständig durchgetrennt wird, wird an das Zugglied um die Trennstelle des Zentralgliedes sowie die Trennstelle des Aussengliedes herum ein Stützelement gepresst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and in patent claim 5. It is advantageous if, in addition to the central member, at least one outer member can be completely severed. If the outer member is completely severed in the area of the part of the tension member to be anchored, a support element is pressed against the tension member around the separation point of the central member and the separation point of the outer member.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt eines aus einer Stahldrahtlitze bestehenden Zuggliedes, dessen Zentralglied vollständig durchgetrennt wurde, mit einem um die Trennstelle herum angepressten Stützelement,
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt des Zuggliedes entlang der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt des Zuggliedes nach der Fig. 1, das im Bereich der Trennstelle des Zentralgliedes zerrissen wurde,
  • Fig. 4 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt eines aus einem zentralen Stab und mehreren konzentrisch zu demselben und einander parallel verlaufenden Stahlstäben bestehenden Zuggliedes, dessen Zentral- und ein Aussenglied vollständig durchgetrennt wurden, mit einem um die beiden Trennstellen herum angepressten Stützelement,
  • Fig. 5 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt des Zuggliedes nach der Fig. 4, das im Bereich der beiden Trennstellen zerrissen wurde,
  • Fig. 6 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt eines aus einer Stahldrahtlitze bestehenden Zuggliedes, dessen Zentralglied vollständig durchgetrennt wurde, mit einem um die Trennstelle herum gepressten Stützelement in Form einer Keilverankerung,
  • Fig. 7 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt wie in der Fig. 6, jedoch eines aus einem zentralen Stab und mehreren konzentrisch zu demselben und einander parallel verlaufenden Stahlstäben bestehenden Zuggliedes,
  • Fig. 8 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt des Zuggliedes nach der Fig. 6, mit einem um die Trennstelle herum gepressten Stützelement in Form einer Keilverankerung, wobei der zu verankernde Teil des Zuggliedes verlängert ist,
  • Fig. 9 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt des Zuggliedes nach der Fig. 7, mit einem um die Trennstelle herum gepressten Stützelement in Form einer Hülse, wobei der zu verankernde Teil des Zuggliedes verlängert ist, und
  • Fig. 10 eine Teilansicht im Schnitt des Zuggliedes nach der Fig. 9, mit einem Stützelement in Form einer Keilverankerung.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. Show it
  • 1 is a partial sectional view of a tension member consisting of a steel wire strand, the central member of which has been completely severed, with a support element pressed around the separation point,
  • 2 shows a cross section of the tension member along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a partial view in section of the tension member of FIG. 1, which was torn in the region of the separation point of the central member,
  • Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of a central rod and several concentric to it the same and parallel steel rods existing tension member, the central and one outer member of which have been completely severed, with a support element pressed around the two separation points,
  • 5 is a partial view in section of the tension member of FIG. 4, which was torn in the region of the two separation points,
  • 6 is a partial sectional view of a tension member consisting of a steel wire strand, the central member of which has been completely severed, with a support element pressed around the separation point in the form of a wedge anchor,
  • 7 is a partial view in section as in FIG. 6, but a tension member consisting of a central rod and a plurality of tension members concentric with the same and parallel steel rods,
  • 8 is a partial view in section of the tension member according to FIG. 6, with a support element pressed around the separation point in the form of a wedge anchor, the part of the tension member to be anchored being extended,
  • FIG. 9 is a partial view in section of the tension member according to FIG. 7, with a support element pressed around the separation point in the form of a sleeve, the part of the tension member to be anchored being extended, and
  • Fig. 10 is a partial view in section of the tension member according to FIG. 9, with a support element in the form of a wedge anchor.

Beim Herstellen eines im Erdreich oder Bauwerk zu verankernden und einer Last auszusetzenden, aus einem Zentralglied 2 und mehreren, konzentrisch zum Zentralglied 2 angeordneten Aussengliedem 3 zusammengestellten Zuggliedes 1, welches Zugglied dazu bestimmt ist, nach seinem Gebrauch aus dem Erdreich bzw. Bauwerk grösstenteils ausgebaut zu werden, wird wie folgt vorgegangen: Im Bereich L (siehe Fig. 1) des zu verankernden Teiles 1a des Zuggliedes 1 wird das Zentralglied 2 vollständig durchgetrennt. Das Zugglied 1 besteht gemäss der Fig. 1 aus einem Stahldrahtseil. In diesem Fall werden die gedrillten, aus Drähten bestehenden Aussenglieder 3 auseinandergespreizt und durch die dadurch entstandene Oeffnung das ebenfalls aus einem Draht bestehende Zentralglied 2 vollständig durchgesägt. Im Fall, dass das Zugglied 1 aus einem zentralen Stahlstab und mehreren äusseren, um den zentralen Stahlstab konzentrisch und zueinander parallel verlaufenden Stahlstäben besteht, wird das aus dem zentralen Stahlstab bestehende Zentralglied 2 vor dem Zusammenstellen des Zuggliedes 1 durchgesägt oder abgeschert.When producing a tension member 1 to be anchored in the ground or structure and to be subjected to a load, composed of a central link 2 and a plurality of outer links 3 arranged concentrically to the central link 2, which tension link is intended to be largely removed from the soil or structure after use are proceeded as follows: In the area L (see FIG. 1) of the part 1a of the tension member 1 to be anchored, the central member 2 is completely severed. The tension member 1 according to FIG. 1 consists of a steel wire rope. In this case, the twisted outer members 3, which are made of wires, are spread apart and the central member 2, which is also made of a wire, is completely sawn through the opening which is thereby created. In the event that the tension member 1 consists of a central steel rod and a plurality of outer steel rods concentric and parallel to one another around the central steel rod, the central member 2 consisting of the central steel rod is sawn through or sheared off before the tension member 1 is put together.

Nach dem vollendeten vollständigen Durchtrennen des Zentralgliedes 2 wird um die Trennstelle 4 herum ein Stützelement 5 durch Umpressen angebracht. Das Stützelement nach den Fig. 1, 3, 4, 5 und 9 besteht aus einer Hülse, die im Bereich L des zu verankernden Teiles 1 a des Zuggliedes 1 um dasselbe angepresst wird. In den Fig. 6 und 8 bildet das Stützeleme 5 zusammen mit zwei darin angeordneten keilförmigen Teilen 14 und 15 eine Keilverankerung. Die am Zugglied 1 anliegende Fläche der inneren keilförmigen Teile 14 und 15 ist mit einer Verzahnung 13 versehen. Gemäss der Fig. 9 ist zwischen der Innenbohrung der Presshülse und dem Umfang der Aussenglieder 3 eine Einlage 11 vorgesehen, deren Material härter als die Materialien der Presshülse 5 und des Zuggliedes 1 ist.After the central member 2 has been completely severed, a support element 5 is attached around the separation point 4 by pressing. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 9 consists of a sleeve which is pressed around the same in the area L of the part 1 a of the tension member 1 to be anchored. 6 and 8, the support element 5, together with two wedge-shaped parts 14 and 15 arranged therein, forms a wedge anchor. The surface of the inner wedge-shaped parts 14 and 15 abutting the tension member 1 is provided with a toothing 13. According to FIG. 9, an insert 11 is provided between the inner bore of the pressing sleeve and the circumference of the outer members 3, the material of which is harder than the materials of the pressing sleeve 5 and the tension member 1.

Will man die zum Ausbau des Zuggliedes 1 benötigte Last reduzieren, wird eines oder mehrere der äusseren Glieder 3 des Zuggliedes I vollständig durchgetrennt. In keinem Fall werden aber alle Aussenglieder 3 des Zuggliedes 1 vollständig durchgetrennt. Das Zentralglied 2 wird immer vollständig durchgetrennt. Mindestens ein Aussenglied 3 wird im Bereich L des zu verankernden Teiles 1 des Zuggliedes 1 etwa in der Nähe der Trennstelle 4 des Zentralgliedes 2 vollständig durchgetrennt. Anschliessend wird um das Zugglied 1 im Bereich der Trennstelle 4 sowie die Trennstelle 6 des Aussengliedes 3 herum, wie oben erwähnt, das Stützelement 5 durch Querpressen angebracht.If you want to reduce the load required to remove the tension member 1, one or more of the outer links 3 of the tension member I is completely severed. In no case, however, are all outer members 3 of the tension member 1 completely severed. The central member 2 is always completely severed. At least one outer member 3 is completely severed in the area L of the part 1 of the tension member 1 to be anchored, approximately in the vicinity of the separation point 4 of the central member 2. Then, as mentioned above, the support element 5 is attached to the tension member 1 in the region of the separation point 4 and the separation point 6 of the outer element 3 by transverse pressing.

Es ist aber auch möglich, mindestens ein Aussenglied 3 ausserhalb des Bereiches L des zu verankernden Teiles la des Zuggliedes 1 vollständig durchzutrennen. In diesem Fall wird das Stützelement 5 nur um die Trennstelle 4 des Zentralgliedes 2 herum an das Zugglied 1 durch Umpressen angebracht und die Trennstelle 6 des Aussengliedes 3 bleibt ohne Stützelement.However, it is also possible to completely cut through at least one outer member 3 outside the region L of the part la of the tension member 1 to be anchored. In this case, the support element 5 is only attached to the tension member 1 by pressing around the separation point 4 of the central member 2 and the separation point 6 of the outer member 3 remains without a support element.

Bei dem in den oben erwähnten Schritten hergestellten Zugglied 1 ist die Position der Trennstelle 4 des Zentralgliedes 2 je nach Grösse der auf das Zugglied 1 bei dessen Ausbau auszuübenden Last P im Bereich L des zu verankernden Teiles la des Zuggliedes 1 festlegbar. Wenn der Abstand L! zwischen der Trennstelle 4 des Zentralgliedes 2 und dem in Richtung der auszuübenden Last P liegenden Ende des Bereiches L kleiner ist als derjenige Abstand L@ zwischen der Trennstelle 4 und dem in Gegenrichtung der auszuübenden Last P liegenden Ende des Bereiches L des zu verankernden Teiles 1 a, dann wird die Grösse der auszuübenden Last P kleiner als diejenige Last, wenn der Abstand L@ kleiner wäre. Die benötigte Maximalgrösse der auszuübenden Last zum Ausbauen des Zuggliedes 1 wird sich im Grenzbereich, in welchem LI= L und L@ = 0, der Bruchlast des vollständigen Zuggliedes 1 ohne Trennstellen nähern. So muss die Last P möglichst klein gehalten werden, jedoch grösser als die erforderliche Gebrauchslast; dann können eines oder mehrere der Aussenglieder 3 des Zuggliedes 1 ebenfalls im Bereich des Stützelementes 5 vollständig durchgetrennt werden.In the tension member 1 produced in the above-mentioned steps, the position of the separation point 4 of the central member 2 can be determined in the region L of the part la of the tension member 1 to be anchored, depending on the size of the load P to be exerted on the tension member 1 during its removal. If the distance L ! between the separation point 4 of the central member 2 and the end of the area L lying in the direction of the load P to be exerted is smaller than that distance L @ between the separation point 4 and the end of the area L of the part L a to be anchored lying in the opposite direction of the load P to be exerted , then the size of the load P to be exerted becomes smaller than that load if the distance L @ were smaller. The required maximum size of the load to be exerted for removing the tension member 1 will approach the breaking load of the complete tension member 1 without separating points in the limit range in which L I = L and L @ = 0. The load P must be kept as small as possible, but larger than the required working load; then one or more of the outer members 3 of the tension member 1 can also be completely severed in the region of the support element 5.

Die auf das Zugglied 1 auszuübende Last, bei welcher das zusammengestellte Zugglied 1 ausgebaut werden kann, wird in folgendem Grenzbereich liegen: Erforderliche Gebrauchslast < auf das Zugglied zwecks dessen Ausbau auszuübende Last P < Bruchlast des vollständigen Zuggliedes.The load to be exerted on the tension member 1, in which the assembled tension member 1 can be removed, will be in the following limit range: Required working load <on the tension member for the purpose of removing it, P <breaking load of the complete tension member.

In den Fig. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 und 7 ist ein Widerlager 8 dargestellt, gegen welches sich das Stützelement 5 mit seiner dem zu verankernden Teil 1a abgekehrten Seite abstützt. Dieses Widerlager hat die gleiche Funktion wie der Ankerfuss bei einem Pressanker. In den Fig. 6 bis 10 ist dargestellt, dass der aktive Teil des Zuggliedes 1 in einem Schutzrohr 9 angeordnet ist und dass der Zwischenraum mit einem Gleitmittel 10 gefüllt ist.1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, an abutment 8 is shown, against which the support element 5 is supported with its side facing away from the part 1a to be anchored. This abutment has the same function as the anchor base on a press anchor. 6 to 10 show that the active part of the tension member 1 is arranged in a protective tube 9 net and that the space is filled with a lubricant 10.

Die Ausführungsformen nach den Fig. 8 bis 10 weisen einen verlängerten passiven Teil 1a (zu verankernden Teil) des Zuggliedes auf, welcher Teil hinter dem Stützelement 5 noch im Betonkörper 12 verankert ist. Ausserhalb des Bereiches L sind an den äusseren Stahlstäben 3, die konzentrisch um einen Zentral stab und zueinander parallel verlaufen, Klemmhülsen 7 angedeutet. Durch diese Klemmhülsen 7 werden die äusseren Stahlstä be 3 an den Zentralstab 2 angepresst und mit demselben zusammengehalten. Hier erübrigt sich ein Widerlager, weil durch den Betonkörper 12 genügend Halt auf das Stützelement 5 und den passiven Teil 1a ausgeübt wird.The embodiments according to FIGS. 8 to 10 have an elongated passive part 1a (part to be anchored) of the tension member, which part is still anchored in the concrete body 12 behind the support element 5. Outside the area L, clamping sleeves 7 are indicated on the outer steel rods 3, which are concentric about a central rod and parallel to one another. By means of these clamping sleeves 7, the outer steel rods 3 are pressed against the central rod 2 and held together with the same. There is no need for an abutment here because the concrete body 12 provides sufficient support for the support element 5 and the passive part 1a.

Durch Anwendung von einer die Zugfestigkeit überschreitenden Last brechen alle nicht durchgetrennten Aussenglieder eines solchen Zuggliedes im Bereich des Stützelementes, so dass das Zugglied grösstenteils gegebenenfalls zwecks seiner Wiederverwendung aus dem Erdreich bzw. Bauwerk entfernt werden kann. Die Grösse der Last wird in Abhängigkeit des Verhältnisses L! : L@ bemessen.By using a load exceeding the tensile strength, all the non-severed outer members of such a tensile member break in the area of the support element, so that the tensile member can largely be removed from the ground or structure for reuse if necessary. The size of the load depends on the ratio L ! : L @ dimensioned.

Claims (8)

1. Process for producing a tension member (1) to be anchored in the earth or structure and subjected to a load, composed of a central member (2) and several outer members (3) disposed concentrically with the central member (2), which tension member is intended to be removed for the most part from the earth or structure after its use, characterized in that at least the central member (2) of the tension member (1) is completely severed in the region (L) of its part (la) to be anchored, after which a supporting element (5) is pressed round about the point of separation (4) of the tension member (1).
2. Process according to patent claim 1, characterized in that besides the central member (2) at least one outer member (3) is completely severed.
3. Process according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer member (3) is completely severed in the region (L) of the part (la) of the tension member (1) to be anchored, after which a supporting element (5) is pressed on the tension member (1) round about the point of separation (4) of the central member (2) as well as the point of separation (6) of the outer member (3).
4. Process according to patent claim 2, characterized in that the outer member (3) is completely severed outside of the region (L) of the part (la) of the tension member (1) to be anchored.
5. Tension member (1) produced by the process according to patent claim 1, consisting of a central member (2) and several outer members (3) disposed concentrically with the central member (2), having a central member (2) completely severed in the region (L) of its part (la) to be anchored and a supporting element (53 pressed round about the point of separation (4), the position of the point of separation (4) of the central member (2) being determined according to the size of the load (P) to be exerted on the tension member (1) in the region (L) of the part (la) of the tension member (1) to be anchored.
6. Tension member according to patent claim 5, characterized in that it consists of a steel-wire rope.
7. Tension member according to patent claim 5, characterized in that it consists of a central steel rod and several outer steel rods running concentrically about the central steel rod and parallel to one another.
8. Tension member according to patent claim 7, characterized in that the outer steel rods are pressed against the central steel rod from the outside by collets (7) disposed outside of the region (L) of the part (la) to be anchored.
EP87810235A 1986-04-28 1987-04-14 Method for manufacturing a recoverable tension member Expired - Lifetime EP0244353B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87810235T ATE49253T1 (en) 1986-04-28 1987-04-14 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A REMOVABLE TENSION MEMBERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1721/86A CH671057A5 (en) 1986-04-28 1986-04-28
CH1721/86 1986-04-28

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EP0244353A1 EP0244353A1 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0244353B1 true EP0244353B1 (en) 1990-01-03

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US (1) US4884377A (en)
EP (1) EP0244353B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0617580B2 (en)
KR (1) KR960004407B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE49253T1 (en)
AU (1) AU591271B2 (en)
CH (1) CH671057A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3761317D1 (en)
HK (1) HK93091A (en)
MY (1) MY101729A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7197787A (en) 1987-10-29
CH671057A5 (en) 1989-07-31
ATE49253T1 (en) 1990-01-15
JPS62296013A (en) 1987-12-23
KR960004407B1 (en) 1996-04-02
AU591271B2 (en) 1989-11-30
EP0244353A1 (en) 1987-11-04
HK93091A (en) 1991-11-29
US4884377A (en) 1989-12-05
MY101729A (en) 1992-01-17
KR870010259A (en) 1987-11-30
DE3761317D1 (en) 1990-02-08
JPH0617580B2 (en) 1994-03-09

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