EP0243989A1 - Verfahren und Gerät zum Konstanthalten der Temperatur einer sich im Freien befindlichen flüssigen oder gefrorenen Oberfläche - Google Patents

Verfahren und Gerät zum Konstanthalten der Temperatur einer sich im Freien befindlichen flüssigen oder gefrorenen Oberfläche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0243989A1
EP0243989A1 EP87200396A EP87200396A EP0243989A1 EP 0243989 A1 EP0243989 A1 EP 0243989A1 EP 87200396 A EP87200396 A EP 87200396A EP 87200396 A EP87200396 A EP 87200396A EP 0243989 A1 EP0243989 A1 EP 0243989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
net
ice
outdoor
water
fine mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87200396A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Diedrich Mennink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO filed Critical Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Publication of EP0243989A1 publication Critical patent/EP0243989A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/06—Safety devices; Coverings for baths
    • E04H4/10—Coverings of flexible material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/12—Removable protective covers for courts, rinks, or game pitches or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/003—Bathing or beach cabins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
    • E04H3/14—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings
    • E04H3/16—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings for swimming
    • E04H3/165—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings for swimming having movable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention concerns keeping constant as much as possible the temperature of a horizontal surface of a liquid or solid medium like water or ice situated in the open-air.
  • Examples of surfaces which are to be kept at constant a temperature are surfaces of outdoor artificial skating-rinks, the surface of the water in outdoor swimming-pools and cooling-ponds.
  • Ice-floors of e.g. outdoor artificial skating-rinks are kept at a temperature below 0°C, owing to convection via airflows with temperatures above O O C and via rain, cold is lost.
  • Incident sunbeams result in loss of cold too.
  • the radiation towards the atmosphere positively contributes however, averaged over a winter season, especially in the case of a clear sky, the atmosphere behaves as a source of cold.
  • Outdoor swimming-pools for instance are kept at a temperature being higher for long periods than the outside temperature. Owing to convection as well as radiation, in the case of a clear sky heat is lost, whereas solar radiation contributes positively.
  • the temperature of water in cooling-ponds is preferably kept constant; such ponds are used for cooling via evaporation, convection and heat radiation. If no additional measures are taken, the contribution of the evaporation at the inlet of the hot water will increase disproportionately, giving rise to an impermissible mist.
  • the invention provides for a method to achieve this object in a simple and inexpensive way and is thereto characterized in that the surface is spanned at some distance upwards by a fine-mesh net with a few millimetres wide meshes and a surface being 50% pervious to air.
  • the net should be spanned at a height of at least ten times the width of the meshes, but not higher than about 150 cm above the surface of the water and the ice respectively.
  • the maximum height of the net is determined by the demand that for a minimizing of wind the net-surface should be as flat as possible.
  • a sag of the net of 1 m for a span of 12 m may be selected.
  • the resulting maximum height is 1,10 m.
  • a net used should be adapted to its object with respect to these effects.
  • the net is made of a material being transparent for sunlight and impervious for heat-radiation.
  • polyvinylchloride (PVC) is particularly suited.
  • the net In case the method is put into practice for cooling or keeping cool an ice-floor of an outdoor artificial skating-rink, the net should on the contrary for that very reason be transparent for heat-radiation.
  • polyethylene is very suited as net-material.
  • it is preferably made of sunlight reflecting material. Thereto polyethylene with a small amount of the whitener titaniumdioxide is satisfactory.
  • the invention therefore includes a device containing a net as described before and a supporting structure for the net to be spanned over the surface.
  • a structure can be moved, so that thus the net can be spanned over the surface on one hand and can be removed from the surface on the other hand.
  • the net over the ice-floor may be mobile.
  • a preferred embodiment of such a supporting structure is provided with parallel arranged arch profiles over the surface to be covered. These arch profiles rest on both sides of the surface on the firm stationary lower edge and are fixed in a rail on one side according to a further preferred embodiment. The other side can adjust itself during the covered condition by means of castors, such that the sag of the arch profiles provide sufficient a supporting force for the weight of the net and the arched sections themselves.
  • the net is drawn off the arch profiles and stored on the spot along the rail.
  • the arch profiles are grouped by means of the rail to be then removed from the surface by displacing them parallel to themselves and rotating them about an axis vertically positioned with respect to the rails respectively.
  • the invention also comprises outdoor swimming-pools and outdoor artificial skating-rinks provided with a net and with a device as described before.
  • An ice-floor is laid in the usual way by applying water on a foundation, kept at a temperature below 0°C. To obtain a smooth ice-floor, the water should be supplied thereto in small quantities and uniformly spread. It is usual to do this by dispersing water above the rink.
  • the time needed for applying an ice-floor is for example 7 days under non-extreme weather conditions. It will be clear that much sunshine, high temperature of the air, rain and/or wind prolongs the time needed, owing to a decrease of the cooling-capacity available for making ice.
  • a big part of the cooling capacity of the equipment namely has to be used under extreme weather conditions for draining off heat (absorbed solar radiation and the convective load). For applying an ice-floor ultimately more energy is needed.
  • the invention therefore-comprises a method for applying and maintaining an ice-floor of an outdoor artificial skating-rink, provided with a net as described earlier, water being sprayed on the net, said water flowing through the net and forming ice on the cooled surface below.
  • the surface 1 with edges 5 and 6 is roofed-in with a net 2, spanned over it by means of arch profiles 3.
  • the arch profiles 3 may be grouped via rails 4 at the inner edge. Spanning of the net occurs e.g. by means of one or more cables to be tensioned via winches.

Landscapes

  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
EP87200396A 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Verfahren und Gerät zum Konstanthalten der Temperatur einer sich im Freien befindlichen flüssigen oder gefrorenen Oberfläche Withdrawn EP0243989A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8600650 1986-03-13
NL8600650A NL8600650A (nl) 1986-03-13 1986-03-13 Voorzieningen voor het beinvloeden van wind en temperatuur.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0243989A1 true EP0243989A1 (de) 1987-11-04

Family

ID=19847709

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87200397A Expired - Lifetime EP0237121B1 (de) 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Dach für künstliche Eisbahnen
EP87200395A Ceased EP0238127A3 (en) 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Wind/heat barrier
EP87200396A Withdrawn EP0243989A1 (de) 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Verfahren und Gerät zum Konstanthalten der Temperatur einer sich im Freien befindlichen flüssigen oder gefrorenen Oberfläche

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87200397A Expired - Lifetime EP0237121B1 (de) 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Dach für künstliche Eisbahnen
EP87200395A Ceased EP0238127A3 (en) 1986-03-13 1987-03-04 Wind/heat barrier

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (3) EP0237121B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE64543T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3770839D1 (de)
NL (1) NL8600650A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2652373A1 (fr) * 1989-09-26 1991-03-29 Azur Inter Services Couverture et dispositifs de protection par enveloppe gonflable pour des bassins tels que des piscines.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174493A (en) * 1961-12-26 1965-03-23 Ivor J Gruenberg Beach or pool-side shield
US3840118A (en) * 1972-05-24 1974-10-08 W Whitmore Swimming pool sweeping system
GB2064289A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-06-17 Premier Group Ltd The rearing of poultry
DE3123117A1 (de) * 1981-06-11 1982-12-30 Norbert 8000 München Stork Freizeitparzelle
FR2536105A1 (fr) * 1982-11-12 1984-05-18 Poussy Jean Pierre Dispositif brise-vent pour terrains de sports, cultures ou autres

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR735233A (fr) * 1931-06-10 1932-11-04 Escher Wyss & Cie Const Mec Patinoire à ciel ouvert
US3983713A (en) * 1975-05-05 1976-10-05 Maccracken Calvin D Method of creating and outdoor ice slab in summer weather and of reducing energy requirements for indoor and outdoor ice rinks
US4280477A (en) * 1980-01-24 1981-07-28 Divine David L Combination fence and solar heater for swimming pools
US4281802A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-08-04 T.I.C. Enterprises, Limited Thermal ice cap
FR2542782B1 (fr) * 1983-02-22 1986-07-11 Coupiac Andre Dispositif de couverture d'une surface de jeu ou d'un lieu de reunion, tel que court de tennis, piscine, etc.
FR2557184B1 (fr) * 1983-12-22 1986-04-25 Coupiac Andre Dispositif de couverture d'une surface de jeu ou d'un lieu de reunion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174493A (en) * 1961-12-26 1965-03-23 Ivor J Gruenberg Beach or pool-side shield
US3840118A (en) * 1972-05-24 1974-10-08 W Whitmore Swimming pool sweeping system
GB2064289A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-06-17 Premier Group Ltd The rearing of poultry
DE3123117A1 (de) * 1981-06-11 1982-12-30 Norbert 8000 München Stork Freizeitparzelle
FR2536105A1 (fr) * 1982-11-12 1984-05-18 Poussy Jean Pierre Dispositif brise-vent pour terrains de sports, cultures ou autres

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2652373A1 (fr) * 1989-09-26 1991-03-29 Azur Inter Services Couverture et dispositifs de protection par enveloppe gonflable pour des bassins tels que des piscines.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL8600650A (nl) 1987-10-01
EP0237121B1 (de) 1991-06-19
EP0237121A1 (de) 1987-09-16
EP0238127A2 (de) 1987-09-23
ATE64543T1 (de) 1991-07-15
DE3770839D1 (de) 1991-07-25
EP0238127A3 (en) 1988-07-27

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Inventor name: MENNINK, BERNHARD DIEDRICH