EP0242473A2 - Dispositif pour traiter des matériaux granulaires - Google Patents
Dispositif pour traiter des matériaux granulaires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0242473A2 EP0242473A2 EP86307053A EP86307053A EP0242473A2 EP 0242473 A2 EP0242473 A2 EP 0242473A2 EP 86307053 A EP86307053 A EP 86307053A EP 86307053 A EP86307053 A EP 86307053A EP 0242473 A2 EP0242473 A2 EP 0242473A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bed plate
- vessel
- shaft
- motor
- bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/10—Compacting by jarring devices only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to vibratory apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for processing particulates or the like.
- the above-noted patent discloses a vibratory method which utilizes an apparatus having vibration generators comprising horizontally mounted motors having eccentric weights thereon.
- the generators are operated to vibrate a bed which in turn supports a flask containing the pattern and foundry sand.
- the generators are operated to produce a vibratory acceleration on the mold flask and its contents in excess of the acceleration due to gravity. This acceleration causes the sand to fluidize and thus flow into and completely fill cavities in the pattern.
- the stroke of the motors is reduced to reduce the acceleration to a magnitude less than the acceleration of gravity. This in turn compacts the foundry sand in place allowing it to retain its position when molten metal is subsequently introduced into the mold flask.
- an apparatus for processing particulates including fluidizing and/or compacting same accomplishes such objectives in a simple and effective fashion.
- the apparatus includes a vibratory bed, a base, a suspension coupled between the vibratory bed and the base whereby vibration of the vibratory bed is isolated from the base and a vessel carried by the vibratory bed for holding the particulates wherein vibrational motion of the vibratory bed in turn causes the vessel to vibrate and thereby fluidize and/or compact the particulates.
- the vibratory bed includes a motor having a vertically disposed shaft, at least one eccentric weight disposed on the shaft, a housing secured to and enclosing the motor and a bed plate disposed atop the housing wherein operation of the motor imparts vibrational motion to the bed plate.
- this motion is vibrogyratory in nature along an axis which, if upwardly projected, would describe the surface of an inverted cone.
- the motor shaft includes first and second ends which extend outwardly from the motor and first and second eccentric weights adjustably mounted radially outwardly from the shaft so that the amplitude of the vibrations imparted to the vibratory bed can be varied.
- first and second eccentric weights adjustably mounted radially outwardly from the shaft so that the amplitude of the vibrations imparted to the vibratory bed can be varied.
- the apparatus 10 includes a base 14 (shown in complete form in Fig. 3) which comprises a tripod including three legs 16a,16b,16c joined by cross-bars 18a,18b,18c. (Only the cross-bars 18b,18c are visible in Fig. 3.)
- a motor 20 includes a motor shaft 22 having first and second ends 24a,24b which extend outwardly in a vertical direction from the motor 20. At least one and preferably two eccentric weights 26a,26b are disposed on the first and second ends 24a,24b of the shaft 22.
- the eccentric weights 26a,26b includes an arm 27a,27b releasably secured to the shaft 24. Weight blocks 28 are adjustably secured to the arms 27a,27b to increase or decrease the vibratory forces created by the rotation of the eccentric weights.
- Appropriate other well known means can be used to provide the eccentric weights on the shaft and to vary the relative positions of the weights with respect to the axis of the shaft and to each other. See my earlier U.S. Patents 3,358,815 and 4,168,774.
- the motor 20 could be a variable speed motor with appropriate well known means for varying the motor speed as desired.
- a housing 32 is secured to and encloses the motor 20.
- a plurality of threaded studs 34 extend through the housing 32 and are maintained in position by means of nuts 36. The threaded studs contact the motor casing and restrain it against movement within the housing 32. Any well known apparatus for securing the motor 20 to the housing 32 is contemplated.
- a horizontally disposed bed plate 40 Disposed atop the housing 32 is a horizontally disposed bed plate 40 having a main portion 42 and an offset flange portion 44 which defines a stepped channel or recess 46.
- the bed plate 40 is joined to the housing 32 by any suitable means, such as by the weld 48 shown in Fig. 4.
- the motor 20, the eccentric weights 26, the housing 32 and the bed plate 40 together comprise a vibratory bed wherein operation of the motor 20 imparts vibrational motion to the housing and to the horizontally disposed bed plate 40.
- a suspension 50 preferably in the form of coiled springs 52a,52b,52c is disposed between the bed plate 40 and the base 14.
- the springs 52a,52b,52c could be resilient blocks or the like.
- the suspension 50 isolates the vibration of the vibratory bed, and more particularly the bed plate 40, from the base 14.
- a cushion 56 in the form of an elastomeric body may be disposed within the recess 46 of the bed plate 40.
- a vessel 60 sits atop the cushion 56.
- T he vessel 60 has a hollow interior 62 for holding the particulate material 12 and, in the case of a foundry operation, a pattern 61.
- the vessel 60 may be a conventional mold flask that is circular or square in cross-section, although it may have a different cross-sectional shape.
- the vessel 60 includes an outer flange 64 which, when the vessel 60 is seated on the cushion 56, is vertically spaced above and is substantially parallel to the bed plate 40.
- At least one and preferably three alignment pins 66a,66b,66c extend through apertures in the flange 64 and project into at least one and preferably three positioning cups 68a,68b,68c secured to an upper face 70 of main portion 42 of the bed plate 40.
- the pins 66 have a diameter less than the inner diameter of the cups 68 so that a limited amount of lateral movement of the vessel 60 relative to the bed plate is permitted. This relative movement is somewhat dampened by the elastomeric cushion 46.
- This limited lateral relative movement between the vessel 60 and the bed plate 40 is shown by the dashed lines of Fig. 4 and is sufficiently small to prevent substantial rotation of the vessel 60 about its center axis relative to the bed plate 40.
- the alignment pins 66 and the cups 68 therefore, comprise means for maintaining substantial relative alignment of the vessel and bed plate.
- the eccentric weights 26a,26b impart vibrational energy to the bed plate 40 through the housing 32.
- the bed plate 40 vibrates in avibrogyratory fashion wherein the axis 80 (Fig. 2) of the bed plate through the center thereof and perpendicular to the surface 70 is inclined from the vertical and defines substantially a conical surface as it vibrates.
- This vibratory motion is transmitted through the elastomeric cushion 56 to produce a gyratory vibrational motion of the vessel 60, as shown by the dashed lines in Fig. 2.
- the base 14 remains substantially stationary owing to the isolation provided by the suspension 50.
- phase one the sand is fluidized by virtue of operating the vibration generator to produce accelerations in excess of gravity. Acting like a fluid, the sand fills all passages and cavities of a pattern suspended in the vessel 60. It has been found that as the acceleration approaches 1G the sand is being fluidized and/or compacted.
- the amplitude of the vibrations is then reduced, by reducing rotational speed of the eccentric weights or by reducing the effective mass of the eccentric weights by using the system shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,358,815 or in U.S. Patent No. 4,168,774. Reducing the amplitude of vibrations so that the acceleration is less than gravity compacts the sand.
- the vibrational gyratory motion of the bed plate causes the bed plate to impact the vessel at multiple frequencies. That is, the vertical components of the vibrations at various contact points, when the vibrational forces are in excess of the acceleration of gravity, produces multiple impacts between the bed plate and the vessel for each revolution of the shaft.
- the motor develops sufficient vibrational forces in the bed plate 40 to create accelerations in excess of gravity. Portions of a bottom lip 90 (Figs. 3 and 4) of the vessel 60 thereby vibrogyrationally move out of contact and into contact with the cushion 56 (if used) or a top surface 92 of the flange portion 44 (if the cushion 56 is not used).
- This action produces multiple impacts of the vessel 60 against the bed plate 40 so that the vessel 60 vibrates at various frequencies, even when the motor speed is constant. These frequencies have been found to consist of a fundamental frequency and integer multiples thereof wherein the fundamental frequency is the same as the rotational speed of the motor 20. This multi-frequency vibration readily fluidizes the particulates and minimizes the incid ence of damage to a pattern in the vessel.
- the vibrational gyratory motion of the bed plate will impact the vessel with multiple impacts and at various frequencies with each revolution of the shaft.
- the various frequencies will be integer multiples of a fundamental frequency which is the same as the rotational speed of the motor.
- the number of impacts will be equal to or greater than the speed of the motor.
- Applicant has conducted several tests of an apparatus constructed according to the foregoing details, each at a different motor speed, and has achieved the following results.
- Fig. 5 shows a modified form of the invention wherein all of the parts that are the same as in Fig. 3 are identified with the same numerals.
- the vessel 60 containing, for instance, sand 12 and a pattern 61 has three equally spaced apart protrusions, contact pads or contact points 63 extending downwardly from the lower edge 90 (only 2 of the protrusions or pads 63 are visible in Fig. 5).
- the pads 63 contact either the ring 56, when a ring is used, or the flange surface 44 when no ring is used.
- the three contact pads or points 63 locate the impact surfaces between the bed plate 40 and the vessel so that the impact frequencies caused by the multiple impacts between the bed plate and the vessel are limited to three. An increase in the number of contact points or pads will increase the number of impact frequencies by the same number.
- the ratio of impact frequency to shaft rotation in RPM between the bed plate and the vessel, in the range of contact points between at least 3 and up to approximately 10, is a function of the number of support points between the vessel and the bed plate. Increase the number of contact points increases the ratio of impact frequency to shaft rotation speed in RPM.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85513086A | 1986-04-23 | 1986-04-23 | |
US855130 | 1986-04-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0242473A2 true EP0242473A2 (fr) | 1987-10-28 |
EP0242473A3 EP0242473A3 (en) | 1988-05-25 |
EP0242473B1 EP0242473B1 (fr) | 1990-05-09 |
Family
ID=25320430
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860307053 Expired EP0242473B1 (fr) | 1986-04-23 | 1986-09-12 | Dispositif pour traiter des matériaux granulaires |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0242473B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH0659518B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU586888B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1259943A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3670966D1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK167105B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX170069B (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0286369A2 (fr) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-10-12 | General Kinematics Corporation | Appareil multiaxial pour la production de particules et autres choses |
EP0530882A2 (fr) * | 1991-08-26 | 1993-03-10 | General Motors Corporation | Machine et procédé pour fabriquer de moules |
EP1944104A1 (fr) | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-16 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Procédé de compactage de particules de support |
US7735543B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2010-06-15 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Method of compacting support particulates |
CN108213391A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 江苏大学 | 一种多维机械振动改善金属凝固组织的方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2169279A (en) * | 1937-12-16 | 1939-08-15 | Earl F Oyster | Method of molding |
US2531706A (en) * | 1946-08-06 | 1950-11-28 | Vibro Plus Corp | Vibrating device for a directed vibratory effect by means of rotatable vibratory members |
US3396947A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-08-13 | Biotec Aktiebolag | Vibration device |
GB2130784A (en) * | 1982-10-07 | 1984-06-06 | Ronald Leslie Attwell | Filling interstices between pieces of material |
GB2151960A (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-07-31 | Outboard Marine Corp | Lost foam casting process and apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-09-12 DE DE8686307053T patent/DE3670966D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-12 EP EP19860307053 patent/EP0242473B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-09-17 DK DK446086A patent/DK167105B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-09-18 AU AU62908/86A patent/AU586888B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-09-26 JP JP22636386A patent/JPH0659518B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-06 MX MX394886A patent/MX170069B/es unknown
- 1986-10-28 CA CA000521635A patent/CA1259943A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2169279A (en) * | 1937-12-16 | 1939-08-15 | Earl F Oyster | Method of molding |
US2531706A (en) * | 1946-08-06 | 1950-11-28 | Vibro Plus Corp | Vibrating device for a directed vibratory effect by means of rotatable vibratory members |
US3396947A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-08-13 | Biotec Aktiebolag | Vibration device |
GB2130784A (en) * | 1982-10-07 | 1984-06-06 | Ronald Leslie Attwell | Filling interstices between pieces of material |
GB2151960A (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-07-31 | Outboard Marine Corp | Lost foam casting process and apparatus |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0286369A2 (fr) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-10-12 | General Kinematics Corporation | Appareil multiaxial pour la production de particules et autres choses |
EP0286369A3 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-04-19 | General Kinematics Corporation | Omniaxis apparatus for processing particulates and the like |
EP0530882A2 (fr) * | 1991-08-26 | 1993-03-10 | General Motors Corporation | Machine et procédé pour fabriquer de moules |
EP0530882A3 (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1993-05-26 | General Motors Corporation | Mould-making machine and method of making moulds |
US7735543B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2010-06-15 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Method of compacting support particulates |
EP1944104A1 (fr) | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-16 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Procédé de compactage de particules de support |
CN108213391A (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 江苏大学 | 一种多维机械振动改善金属凝固组织的方法 |
CN108213391B (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-02-12 | 江苏大学 | 一种多维机械振动改善金属凝固组织的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK446086D0 (da) | 1986-09-17 |
DE3670966D1 (de) | 1990-06-13 |
AU6290886A (en) | 1987-10-29 |
EP0242473A3 (en) | 1988-05-25 |
DK167105B1 (da) | 1993-08-30 |
MX170069B (es) | 1993-08-06 |
DK446086A (da) | 1987-10-24 |
CA1259943A (fr) | 1989-09-26 |
AU586888B2 (en) | 1989-07-27 |
JPH0659518B2 (ja) | 1994-08-10 |
EP0242473B1 (fr) | 1990-05-09 |
JPS62254952A (ja) | 1987-11-06 |
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