EP0240390A1 - Fail-save apparatus for a gas burner of the controllable mechanical ventilation type - Google Patents
Fail-save apparatus for a gas burner of the controllable mechanical ventilation type Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0240390A1 EP0240390A1 EP87400485A EP87400485A EP0240390A1 EP 0240390 A1 EP0240390 A1 EP 0240390A1 EP 87400485 A EP87400485 A EP 87400485A EP 87400485 A EP87400485 A EP 87400485A EP 0240390 A1 EP0240390 A1 EP 0240390A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- circuit
- aquastat
- heating
- mechanical ventilation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2035—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using fluid fuel
- F24H9/2042—Preventing or detecting the return of combustion gases
- F24H9/205—Closing the energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/245—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electrical or electromechanical means
Definitions
- the invention relates to gas boilers of the type with controlled mechanical ventilation and relates to a safety device capable of causing the appliance to stop in the event of an anomaly in the operation of this ventilation.
- thermosensitive element causes the gas to stop at the burner is adjusted between the temperature value accepted when the appliance operates under normal draft conditions and a temperature value for which there would be a dangerous discharge of the products. combustion.
- This predetermined temperature value in the case of fixed power devices, allows the device to be shut down practically immediately as soon as a mechanical ventilation anomaly occurs.
- variable-power appliances in which the burner can operate at reduced flow rate, at maximum flow rate or at intermediate flow rates
- the fixed value for triggering the heat-sensitive element is a drawback, since the lower temperature of the products combustion, when the burner operates at low flow rate, will not allow this value to be reached quickly, and will consequently delay the safety setting of the appliance.
- the Applicant has already imagined using a heat-sensitive system, the set values of which follow the power values of the burner.
- a sensor with two setpoints or with a variable setpoint between predetermined limits, which would be associated with a microprocessor having in memory the setpoint indications of said sensor, this microprocessor being able consequently to cause the safety of the device according to the signals received at both the sensor, according to the detected discharge, and the burner with regard to the heating power at the instant considered.
- the invention provides a solution to this problem because it allows, using a single thermal contactor disposed at the draft stop of the device, to ensure its safety in the event of an operating anomaly of controlled mechanical ventilation, regardless of the power developed by the boiler between a minimum power value and a maximum power value.
- a preheating system of a thermal contactor is used arranged at the draft stop of the apparatus, using a small heating resistor which is put into operation when the temperature water in the boiler return circuit, corresponding to a low operating power, is lower than a predetermined temperature.
- the small heating resistor is mounted in a circuit which is closed in response to the information supplied by an aquastat whose temperature probe is fixed on this return pipe to the boiler, which circuit receiving this information via a relay.
- the mixed boiler shown capable of supplying hot water to a heating circuit or of producing sanitary water comprises an enclosure 1 at the lower part of which are arranged the mechanisms and organs and control and of operation and of which the part upper ends with a hood 2 for exhausting the burnt gases.
- a fin block 3 which constitutes the heating body of the apparatus and which receives the hot combustion gases emitted by a burner 5 and channeled inside a skirt 4.
- a gas inlet pipe 7 leads to an inlet solenoid valve 6 by means of a circuit breaker box 8, which also ensures the electrical supply of the boiler.
- This circuit breaker box 8 enables the security of the device to be armed at the same time as it authorizes the passage of gas towards the solenoid valve 6.
- the latter when its electromagnet 9 for operating is energized, frees the passage of gas by the conduit 10 towards the burner 5.
- the water circuit includes a reversing valve 14, the closure member not shown of which distributes the primary hot water leaving the exchanger by the conduit 15, that is to a pipe 11 for the departure of hot water in the direction of the radiators (heating circuit ), or to a short circuit 13 which recycles this hot water direct to the heating body by a section of conduit 16, common to this short circuit and to the water return from the heating circuit by the return pipe 12.
- This short circuit (13, 16) allows rapid heating of domestic water circulating in a coil 18 which supplies water to a pipe 17 for drawing off water, and which is supplied by a cold water inlet tube 19.
- a circulation pump 20 is interposed on the common section 16.
- the temperature of the water returning to the heating body 3 is measured by an aquastat 21, the probe 22 of which is fixed to the common section of conduit 16.
- a thermal contactor 24 directly connected to the circuit breaker box 8 by the link 26.
- a small resistance is mounted opposite and near this sensor.
- heater 25 integrated into an electrical circuit 29 supplied with current from a control unit 27 itself associated with the circuit breaker unit 8.
- the circuit 29 receives directly from the aquastat 21, via a relay 28 a information on the return temperature of the water to the exchanger and therefore information on the operation of the boiler, which leads to the opening or closing of the circuit 29.
- This device applies to devices with controlled mechanical ventilation, for example traditional boilers but also so-called “condensing” boilers.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte aux chaudières à gaz du type à ventilation mécanique contrôlée et concerne un dispositif de sécurité propre à provoquer l'arrêt de l'appareil en cas d'anomalie de fonctionnement de cette ventilation.The invention relates to gas boilers of the type with controlled mechanical ventilation and relates to a safety device capable of causing the appliance to stop in the event of an anomaly in the operation of this ventilation.
Il est bien connu d'utiliser des dispositifs de sécurité qui provoquent l'arrêt de l'appareil quand la ventilation mécanique contrôlée est défaillante, soit du fait de l'extracteur, soit du fait du bouchage des conduits, ce qui se traduit par une élévation anormale de température au niveau du coupe-tirage. Habituellement on prévoit à ce niveau un thermostat ou un capteur de température qui, à une température prédéterminée, agit aussitôt dans le sens de l'arrêt du brûleur. Cette température à laquelle l'élément thermosensible provoque l'arrêt du gaz au brûleur est réglée entre la valeur de température admise lorsque l'appareil fonctionne dans des conditions normales de tirage et une valeur de température pour laquelle il y aurait un refoulement dangereux des produits de combustion. Cette valeur prédéterminée de température, dans le cas des appareils à puissance fixe, permet un arrêt pratiquement immédiat de l'appareil dès l'apparition d'une anomalie de la ventilation mécanique. Par contre, dans les appareils à puissance variable, dans lesquels le brûleur peut fonctionner à débit réduit, à débit maximum ou à des débits intermédiaires, la valeur fixe de déclenchement de l'élément thermosensible est un inconvénient, car la température plus basse des produits de combustion, quand le brûleur fonctionne à faible débit, ne permettra pas d'atteindre rapidement cette valeur, et retardera d'autant la mise en sécurité de l'appareil.It is well known to use safety devices which cause the device to stop when the controlled mechanical ventilation fails, either due to the extractor or due to blockage of the conduits, which results in a Abnormal rise in temperature at the draft stop. Usually a thermostat or a temperature sensor is provided at this level which, at a predetermined temperature, acts immediately in the direction of stopping the burner. This temperature at which the thermosensitive element causes the gas to stop at the burner is adjusted between the temperature value accepted when the appliance operates under normal draft conditions and a temperature value for which there would be a dangerous discharge of the products. combustion. This predetermined temperature value, in the case of fixed power devices, allows the device to be shut down practically immediately as soon as a mechanical ventilation anomaly occurs. On the other hand, in variable-power appliances, in which the burner can operate at reduced flow rate, at maximum flow rate or at intermediate flow rates, the fixed value for triggering the heat-sensitive element is a drawback, since the lower temperature of the products combustion, when the burner operates at low flow rate, will not allow this value to be reached quickly, and will consequently delay the safety setting of the appliance.
Pour résoudre ce problème la Demanderesse a déjà imaginé d'utiliser un système thermosensible dont les valeurs de consigne suivent les valeurs de puissance du brûleur. A cet effet il avait été prévu d'utiliser un capteur à deux consignes ou à consigne variable entre des limites prédéterminées, qui serait associé à un microprocesseur ayant en mémoire les indications de consigne dudit capteur, ce microprocesseur pouvant par conséquent provoquer la mise en sécurité de l'appareil en fonction des signaux reçus à la fois du capteur, selon le refoulement détecté, et du brûleur pour ce qui concerne la puissance de chauffe à l'instant considéré.To solve this problem, the Applicant has already imagined using a heat-sensitive system, the set values of which follow the power values of the burner. For this purpose it was planned to use a sensor with two setpoints or with a variable setpoint between predetermined limits, which would be associated with a microprocessor having in memory the setpoint indications of said sensor, this microprocessor being able consequently to cause the safety of the device according to the signals received at both the sensor, according to the detected discharge, and the burner with regard to the heating power at the instant considered.
Cette solution qui implique l'existence d'un système à microprocesseur ne peut être envisagée que sur des appareils à régulation électronique utilisant déjà un boîtier de régulation à microprocesseur. Pour des raisons évidentes de coût, il est exclu de monter sur des appareils à régulation classique, un tel système à microprocesseur à seule fin d'assurer cette fonction de sécurité.This solution, which implies the existence of a microprocessor system, can only be envisaged on devices with electronic regulation already using a microprocessor control box. For obvious reasons of cost, it is excluded to mount on conventional regulation devices, such a microprocessor system for the sole purpose of ensuring this safety function.
L'invention apporte une solution à ce problème car elle permet, à l'aide d'un seul contacteur thermique disposé au niveau du coupe-tirage de l'appareil, d'assurer sa mise en sécurité en cas d'anomalie de fonctionnement de la ventilation mécanique contrôlée, et cela quelle que soit la puissance développée par la chaudière entre une valeur de puissance minimum et une valeur de puissance maximum.The invention provides a solution to this problem because it allows, using a single thermal contactor disposed at the draft stop of the device, to ensure its safety in the event of an operating anomaly of controlled mechanical ventilation, regardless of the power developed by the boiler between a minimum power value and a maximum power value.
A cet effet, et selon la présente invention on utilise un système de préchauffage d'un contacteur thermique disposé au niveau du coupe-tirage de l'appareil, à l'aide d'une petite résistance chauffante qui est mise en fonctionnement quand la température de l'eau dans le circuit de retour à la chaudière, correspondant à une faible puissance de fonctionnement, est inférieure à une température prédéterminée.For this purpose, and according to the present invention, a preheating system of a thermal contactor is used arranged at the draft stop of the apparatus, using a small heating resistor which is put into operation when the temperature water in the boiler return circuit, corresponding to a low operating power, is lower than a predetermined temperature.
Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention la petite résistance chauffante est montée dans un circuit qui est fermé en réponse aux informations fournies par un aquastat dont la sonde de température est fixée sur ce conduit de retour à la chaudière, lequel circuit recevant ces informations par l'intermédiaire d'un relais.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the small heating resistor is mounted in a circuit which is closed in response to the information supplied by an aquastat whose temperature probe is fixed on this return pipe to the boiler, which circuit receiving this information via a relay.
D'autres caractéristiques particulières et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre relative à un mode particulier de réalisation qui fait référence à un dessin représentant schématiquement une chaudière à gaz.Other particular characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows relating to a particular embodiment which refers to a drawing schematically representing a gas boiler.
La chaudière mixte représentée apte à fournir de l'eau chaude à un circuit de chauffage ou à produire de l'eau sanitaire comprend une enceinte 1 à la partie inférieure de laquelle sont disposés les mécanismes et organes et commande et de fonctionnement et dont la partie supérieure se termine par une hotte 2 d'évacuation des gaz brûlés.The mixed boiler shown capable of supplying hot water to a heating circuit or of producing sanitary water comprises an enclosure 1 at the lower part of which are arranged the mechanisms and organs and control and of operation and of which the part upper ends with a hood 2 for exhausting the burnt gases.
Dans cette enceinte est placé un bloc à ailettes 3 qui constitue le corps de chauffe de l'appareil et qui reçoit lesgaz chauds de combustion émis par un brûleur 5 et canalisés à l'intérieur d'une jupe 4.In this enclosure is placed a fin block 3 which constitutes the heating body of the apparatus and which receives the hot combustion gases emitted by a burner 5 and channeled inside a skirt 4.
A la partie inférieure de l'appareil sont disposés les divers mécanismes qui en assurant le fonctionnement. En ce qui concerne le circuit gaz, un conduit d'arrivée de gaz 7 aboutit à une électrovalve d'admission 6 par l'intermédiaire d'un boîtier disjonteur 8, qui assure également la mise sous tension électrique de la chaudière.At the bottom of the device are arranged the various mechanisms that ensure its operation. With regard to the gas circuit, a gas inlet pipe 7 leads to an
Ce boîtier disjoncteur 8 permet d'armer les sécurités de l'appareil en même temps qu'il autorise le passage du gaz vers l'électrovalve 6. Cette dernière, quand son électro-aimant 9 de manoeuvre est excité, libère le passage du gaz par le conduit 10 en direction du brûleur 5.This circuit breaker box 8 enables the security of the device to be armed at the same time as it authorizes the passage of gas towards the
Le circuit eau comporte un clapet inverseur 14 dont l'organe de fermeture non représenté distribue l'eau chaude primaire sortant de l'échangeur par le conduit 15, soit vers une canalisation 11 de départ d'eau chaude en direction des radiateurs (circuit chauffage), soit vers un circuit court 13 qui recycle cette eau chaude dïrectement vers le corps de chauffe par un tronçon de conduit 16, commun à ce circuit court et au retour d'eau du circuit chauffage par la canalisation de retour 12. Ce circuit court (13, 16) permet le chauffage rapide d'eau sanitaire circulant dans un serpentin 18 qui fournit de l'eau à une canalisation 17 de départ d'eau de puisage, et qui est alimenté par un tube d'arrivée d'eau froide 19. Une pompe de circulation 20 est interposée sur le tronçon commun 16.The water circuit includes a
La température de l'eau de retour vers le corps de chauffe 3, est mesurée par un aquastat 21 dont la sonde 22 est fixée sur le tronçon commun de conduit 16.The temperature of the water returning to the heating body 3 is measured by an
A l'entrée du coupe-tirage 23 de la chaudière, en partie haute de l'appareil est disposé un contacteur thermique 24 directement raccordé au boîtier disjonteur 8 par la liaison 26. En face et à proximité de ce capteur est montée une petite résistance chauffante 25 intégrée dans un circuit électrique 29 alimenté en courant à partir d'un boîtier de commande 27 lui-même associé au boîtier disjoncteur 8. Le circuit 29 reçoit directement de l'aquastat 21, par l'intermédiaire d'un relais 28 une information sur la température de retour de l'eau vers l'échangeur et par conséquent une information sur le fonctionnement de la chaudière, ce qui entraîne l'ouverture ou la fermeture du circuit 29.At the entry of the
Lorsque la température de l'eau dans le circuit 16 de retour à la chaudière ainsi que la tempérture de l'eau prédéterminée donnent pour information à la chaudière de fonctionner à petite puissance par l'intermédiaire de l'aquastat, celui-ci donne également cette information au système de sécurité par la fermeture du relais 28 et donc provoque la fermeture du circuit 29 et par conséquent le chauffage de la résistance 25, par un courant dont l'intensité est de l'ordre de 200 m A. Le contacteur thermique 24, ayant son point de coupure déterminé à une certaine hauteur de température qui ne pourrait être atteinte en cas de refoulement alors que l'appareil fonctionne à faible puissance, est alors préchauffé par la résistance 25. Cela veut dire que sa température s'est rapprochée de la température de coupure à laquelle il a été initialement réglé. Un faible apport de calories lors d'un refoulement par le coupe-tirage 23 quand l'appareil fonctionne à puissance minimum, suffira à lui faire atteindre rapidement cette température de coupure pour laquelle, grâce à la liaison 26, il entraînera la mise en sécurité de l'appareil au niveau du boîtier disjoncteur 8. Par contre quand la chaudière fonctionne à débit maximum l'information fournie par l'aquastat 21 provoque l'ouverture du circuit 29 et le contacteur thermique 24, non chauffé par la résistance 26 n'atteindra sa température de coupure que sous le seul effet des produits de combustion, comme dans une installation classique.When the temperature of the water in
Ce dispositif s'applique aux appareils à ventilation mécanique contrôlée, par exemple des chaudières traditionnelles mais aussi des chaudières dites "à condensation".This device applies to devices with controlled mechanical ventilation, for example traditional boilers but also so-called "condensing" boilers.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8604533A FR2596501B1 (en) | 1986-03-28 | 1986-03-28 | SAFETY DEVICE FOR A GAS BOILER OF THE TYPE WITH CONTROLLED MECHANICAL VENTILATION |
FR8604533 | 1986-03-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0240390A1 true EP0240390A1 (en) | 1987-10-07 |
EP0240390B1 EP0240390B1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
Family
ID=9333690
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87400485A Expired - Lifetime EP0240390B1 (en) | 1986-03-28 | 1987-03-05 | Fail-save apparatus for a gas burner of the controllable mechanical ventilation type |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0240390B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3764988D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2017726B3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2596501B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0708299A1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-04-24 | SAUNIER DUVAL EAU CHAUDE CHAUFFAGE S.D.E.C.C. - Société anonyme | Safety method for water heaters and atmospheric gas burners during the return of combustion gases |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT401569B (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1996-10-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | HEATING DEVICE |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1876636A (en) * | 1929-09-26 | 1932-09-13 | Pioneer Heat Regulator Corp | Temperature regulating system |
GB1202774A (en) * | 1968-01-18 | 1970-08-19 | Potterton Internat Ltd | Thermostatic control means for gas-fired fluid heating apparatus |
FR2353897A1 (en) * | 1976-06-05 | 1977-12-30 | Danfoss As | PERFECTED THERMOSTAT CAP FOR A HEATING BODY VALVE |
FR2420729A2 (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-10-19 | Dev Thermique Ste Fse | Thermostatically controlled electric room heater - has auxiliary thermostat heater switched with main heater to provide finer overall temp. control |
GB2034469A (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1980-06-04 | Ranco Inc | Thermostatic control |
FR2549941A1 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-02-01 | Sdecc | Safety device for a gas apparatus for heating and for producing hot water with controlled mechanical ventilation. |
DE3527706A1 (en) * | 1984-08-15 | 1986-02-27 | Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid | Method for determining the switching-off criterion of a gas-heated device and circuit for implementing the method |
-
1986
- 1986-03-28 FR FR8604533A patent/FR2596501B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-03-05 ES ES87400485T patent/ES2017726B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-05 EP EP87400485A patent/EP0240390B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-05 DE DE8787400485T patent/DE3764988D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1876636A (en) * | 1929-09-26 | 1932-09-13 | Pioneer Heat Regulator Corp | Temperature regulating system |
GB1202774A (en) * | 1968-01-18 | 1970-08-19 | Potterton Internat Ltd | Thermostatic control means for gas-fired fluid heating apparatus |
FR2353897A1 (en) * | 1976-06-05 | 1977-12-30 | Danfoss As | PERFECTED THERMOSTAT CAP FOR A HEATING BODY VALVE |
FR2420729A2 (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-10-19 | Dev Thermique Ste Fse | Thermostatically controlled electric room heater - has auxiliary thermostat heater switched with main heater to provide finer overall temp. control |
GB2034469A (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1980-06-04 | Ranco Inc | Thermostatic control |
FR2549941A1 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-02-01 | Sdecc | Safety device for a gas apparatus for heating and for producing hot water with controlled mechanical ventilation. |
DE3527706A1 (en) * | 1984-08-15 | 1986-02-27 | Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid | Method for determining the switching-off criterion of a gas-heated device and circuit for implementing the method |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0708299A1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-04-24 | SAUNIER DUVAL EAU CHAUDE CHAUFFAGE S.D.E.C.C. - Société anonyme | Safety method for water heaters and atmospheric gas burners during the return of combustion gases |
FR2726071A1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-04-26 | Sdecc | METHOD FOR SAFEGUARDING BATHTUBS AND ATMOSPHERIC GAS BOILERS DURING DISCHARGE OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3764988D1 (en) | 1990-10-25 |
FR2596501A1 (en) | 1987-10-02 |
ES2017726B3 (en) | 1991-03-01 |
EP0240390B1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
FR2596501B1 (en) | 1990-04-27 |
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