EP0239438A1 - Fixation of protection elements in the combustion chambers of boilers - Google Patents

Fixation of protection elements in the combustion chambers of boilers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239438A1
EP0239438A1 EP87400381A EP87400381A EP0239438A1 EP 0239438 A1 EP0239438 A1 EP 0239438A1 EP 87400381 A EP87400381 A EP 87400381A EP 87400381 A EP87400381 A EP 87400381A EP 0239438 A1 EP0239438 A1 EP 0239438A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
refractory
pieces
boiler
combustion chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP87400381A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Durand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CNIM Groupe SA
Original Assignee
Constructions Navales et Industrielle de la Mediterranee CNIM SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Constructions Navales et Industrielle de la Mediterranee CNIM SA filed Critical Constructions Navales et Industrielle de la Mediterranee CNIM SA
Publication of EP0239438A1 publication Critical patent/EP0239438A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23MCASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00Casings; Linings; Walls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0021Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0021Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine
    • F27D2009/0027Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine linked by elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0051Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner
    • F27D2009/0054Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner adapted to retain formed bricks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to protection against corrosion and erosion of the combustion chambers of boilers. This invention applies more particularly, without being limited to this application, to the protection of the combustion chambers of boilers which equip incineration plants with household and industrial waste.
  • the object of this invention is therefore to provide an improvement in the fixing of these refractory parts, in order to avoid corrosion.
  • this invention relates to improvements made to the protection and to the fixing of prefabricated refractory pieces mounted on the walls of the combustion chambers of boilers, characterized in that they consist of, cooling the attachment using tubes. placed in front of the wall of the boiler to be protected, the refractory protective parts being retained by the cooling tubes.
  • the thickness of the refractory pieces 16 ′, 16 "can be reduced, outside the area of attachment to the tubes 18.
  • the tubes 18, which secure the refractory pieces 16, 16 ', 16 " are cooled by the same fluid as the tubular wall 10 of the boiler (superheated water, water-steam emulsion, or steam They can be linked together by continuous or discontinuous elements, for example flat bars.
  • the space separating the tubular panel constituting the wall 10 of the boiler can remain free; however, it is preferable to fill it, either by giving the refractory pieces an appropriate shape (16 ", Figure 4), or by filling it with refractory clay 20 (Figure 2) based on silicon carbide, which ensures good resistance. the possible passage of combustion gases.
  • the weight of the refractory pieces is taken up from time to time by load take-up elements, which can possibly be combined with the plates which ensure the connection of the tubes 18 to the tubular wall 10.
  • the tightness between the various refractory pieces can be ensured by a layer of refractory rammed earth, and it can be improved by the creation of baffles, of the tenon and mortise type for example, between the pieces such as 16.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

Improvements to the protection and the fixation of prefabricated refractory pieces, mounted on the walls of combustion chambers of boilers, characterised in that they consist in cooling the attachment with the aid of tubes (18), positioned in front of the tubular panel (10) which constitutes the wall of the boiler to be protected, said refractory pieces (16) being retained by the cooling tubes. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne la protection contre les corrosions et les érosions des chambres de combustion de chaudières. Cette invention s'applique plus particulièrement, sans pour autant être limitée à cette application, à la protection des chambres de combustion des chaudières qui équipent les usines d'incinération d'ordures ménagères et de déchets industriels.The present invention relates to protection against corrosion and erosion of the combustion chambers of boilers. This invention applies more particularly, without being limited to this application, to the protection of the combustion chambers of boilers which equip incineration plants with household and industrial waste.

On sait que, dans les installations d'incinération d'ordures ménagères ou industrielles, avec récupération de chaleur, il est nécessaire de protéger les parois des chambres de combustion des chaudières contreIt is known that, in domestic or industrial waste incineration plants, with heat recovery, it is necessary to protect the walls of the combustion chambers of boilers against

la corrosion, dans la zone de développement des flammes, due aux gaz provenant de la combustion des déchets. Généralement, une telle protection est assurée de la façon suivante :

  • a) soit à l'aide d'un revêtement de pisé réfractaire à base de carbure de silicium, mis en place, de préférence par projection, sur les panneaux tubulaires constituant les parois de la chambre de combustion. L'inconvénient de cette solution connue réside notamment en ce que la durée de vie de ces pisés est courte, ce qui entraîne une dégradation rapide du revêtement dans les zones les plus exposées, rendant nécessaire des réparations importantes, qui doivent être effectuées fréquemment ;
  • b) soit à l'aide des pièces réfractaires préfabriquées, ou briques de forme, notamment en carbure de silicium, fixées aux parois de la chaudière. La durée de vie de ces pièces est excellente, surtout lorsqu'elles sont réalisées en carbure de silicium. Malheureusement, cette solution exige l'utilisation d'éléments d'accrochage ou d'ancrage fragiles, qui se détruisent par corrosion, en entraînant la chute des pièces réfractaires.
corrosion in the flame development zone due to gases from the combustion of waste. Generally, such protection is ensured as follows:
  • a) either using a coating of refractory clay based on silicon carbide, placed, preferably by projection, on the tubular panels constituting the walls of the combustion chamber. The disadvantage of this known solution lies in particular in that the lifespan of these rammed earth is short, which leads to rapid degradation of the coating in the most exposed areas, making major repairs necessary, which must be carried out frequently;
  • b) either using prefabricated refractory parts, or shaped bricks, in particular made of silicon carbide, fixed to the walls of the boiler. The life of these parts is excellent, especially when they are made of silicon carbide. Unfortunately, this solution requires the use of fragile attachment or anchoring elements, which destroy themselves by corrosion, causing the refractory parts to fall.

Cette invention a donc pour objet d'apporter un perfectionnement à la fixation de ces pièces réfractaires, afin d'en éviter la corrosion.The object of this invention is therefore to provide an improvement in the fixing of these refractory parts, in order to avoid corrosion.

En conséquence, cette invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés à la protection et à la fixation des pièces réfractaires préfabriquées montées sur les parois des chambres de combustion de chaudières, caractérisés en ce qu'ils consistent à,refroidir l'accrochage à l'aide de tubes placés devant la paroi de la chaudière à protéger, les pièces réfractaires de protection étant retenues par les tubes de refroidissement.Consequently, this invention relates to improvements made to the protection and to the fixing of prefabricated refractory pieces mounted on the walls of the combustion chambers of boilers, characterized in that they consist of, cooling the attachment using tubes. placed in front of the wall of the boiler to be protected, the refractory protective parts being retained by the cooling tubes.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de cette invention ressortiront de la description faite ci-après en référence au dessin annexé, qui en illustre divers exemples de réalisation. Sur le dessin :

  • - la Figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale représentant une paroi de chaudière munie de la protection refroidie selon cette invention ;
  • - les Figures 2 à 4 sont des vues partielles, en plan, illustrant divers exemples de réalisation de l'invention ; et,
  • - la Figure 5 est une vue partielle, en élévation, illustrant un exemple de réalisation d'une pièce réfractaire utilisée dans l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of this invention will emerge from the description given below with reference to the attached drawing, which illustrates various embodiments thereof. On the drawing :
  • - Figure 1 is a side elevational view showing a boiler wall provided with the protection cooled according to this invention;
  • - Figures 2 to 4 are partial plan views illustrating various embodiments of the invention; and,
  • - Figure 5 is a partial view, in elevation, illustrating an embodiment of a refractory piece used in the invention.

Sur les Figures 1 à 4, on voit, en 10, la paroi de la chambre de combustion de la chaudière, constituée d'un panneau tubulaire (tubes 12 et ailettes de liaison 14). Selon l'invention, la protection du panneau tubulaire est-assurée par une pluralité de pièces réfractaires, telles que 16, de forme appropriée, comme on le précisera ci-après. Ces pièces réfractaires 16 sont retenues par des tubes parallèles 18, qui assurent le refroidissement de cet accrochage, et qui sont placés en avant de la paroi 10 de la chaudière à protéger.In Figures 1 to 4, we see, at 10, the wall of the combustion chamber of the boiler, consisting of a tubular panel (tubes 12 and connecting fins 14). According to the invention, the protection of the panel tubular is ensured by a plurality of refractory parts, such as 16, of suitable shape, as will be specified below. These refractory pieces 16 are retained by parallel tubes 18, which ensure the cooling of this attachment, and which are placed in front of the wall 10 of the boiler to be protected.

A titre d'exemple, les dimensions des pièces réfractaires 16 peuvent être les suivantes :

  • - largeur : 200 à 300 mm
  • - hauteur : 100 à 200 mm ; et,
  • - épaisseur : 30 à 100 mm.
By way of example, the dimensions of the refractory pieces 16 can be as follows:
  • - width: 200 to 300 mm
  • - height: 100 to 200 mm; and,
  • - thickness: 30 to 100 mm.

Comme on peut le voir sur les Figures 3 et 4, l'épaisseur des pièces réfractaires 16', 16" peut être réduite, en dehors de la zone d'accrochage sur les tubes 18.As can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, the thickness of the refractory pieces 16 ′, 16 "can be reduced, outside the area of attachment to the tubes 18.

Selon l'invention, les tubes 18, qui assurent l'accrochage des pièces réfractaires 16, 16', 16", sont refroidis par le même fluide que la paroi tubulaire 10 de la chaudière (eau surchauffée, émulsion eau- vapeur, ou vapeur). Ils peuvent être liés entre eux par des éléments continus ou discontinus, par exemple fers plats.According to the invention, the tubes 18, which secure the refractory pieces 16, 16 ', 16 ", are cooled by the same fluid as the tubular wall 10 of the boiler (superheated water, water-steam emulsion, or steam They can be linked together by continuous or discontinuous elements, for example flat bars.

L'espace séparant le panneau tubulaire constituant la paroi 10 de la chaudière peut rester libre ; cependant, il est préférable de le remplir, soit en donnant une forme appropriée aux pièces réfractaires (16", Figure 4), soit en le remplissant de pisé réfractaire 20 (Figure 2) à base de carbure de silicium, qui assure une bonne résistance au passage éventuel des gaz de combustion.The space separating the tubular panel constituting the wall 10 of the boiler can remain free; however, it is preferable to fill it, either by giving the refractory pieces an appropriate shape (16 ", Figure 4), or by filling it with refractory clay 20 (Figure 2) based on silicon carbide, which ensures good resistance. the possible passage of combustion gases.

Selon l'invention, le poids des pièces réfractaires, telles que 16, 16', et 16", est repris de loin en loin par des éléments de reprise de charge, pouvant être éventuellement combinés aux plats qui assurent la liaison des tubes 18 à la paroi tubulaire 10.According to the invention, the weight of the refractory pieces, such as 16, 16 ′, and 16 ", is taken up from time to time by load take-up elements, which can possibly be combined with the plates which ensure the connection of the tubes 18 to the tubular wall 10.

La mise en place des pièces réfractaires 16, 16', 16" entre les tubes 18, assurant leur fixation et leur refroidissement, s'effectue par exemple de la façon suivante :

  • a) par pivotement dans le plan des tubes 18, grâce à une forme appropriée donnée aux pièces réfractaires 16 (Figure 5) ;
  • b) par la partie supérieure (Figures 2 à 4).
The installation of the refractory pieces 16, 16 ′, 16 "between the tubes 18, ensuring their fixing and their cooling, is carried out for example as follows:
  • a) by pivoting in the plane of the tubes 18, by means of an appropriate shape given to the refractory pieces 16 (Figure 5);
  • b) from the top (Figures 2 to 4).

L'étanchéité entre les diverses pièces réfractaires peut être assurée par une couche de pisé réfractaire, et elle peut être améliorée par la création de chicanes, du type tenon et mortaise par exemple, entre les pièces telles que 16.The tightness between the various refractory pieces can be ensured by a layer of refractory rammed earth, and it can be improved by the creation of baffles, of the tenon and mortise type for example, between the pieces such as 16.

Il demeure bien entendu que cette invention n'est pas limitée aux divers exemples de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais qu'elle en anglobe toutes les variantes.It remains to be understood that this invention is not limited to the various embodiments described and shown, but that it encompasses all the variants.

Claims (4)

1. Perfectionnements apportés à la protection et à la fixation des pièces réfractaires préfabriquées, montées sur les parois des chambres de combustion de chaudières, caractérisés en ce qu'ils consistent à refroidir l'accrochage à l'aide de tubes (18), placés devant le panneau tubulaire (10) constituant la paroi de la chaudière à protéger, lesdites pièces réfractaires (16, 16', 16") étant retenues par les tubes de refroidissement.1. Improvements made to the protection and fixing of prefabricated refractory parts, mounted on the walls of boiler combustion chambers, characterized in that they consist in cooling the attachment using tubes (18), placed in front of the tubular panel (10) constituting the wall of the boiler to be protected, said refractory pieces (16, 16 ', 16 ") being retained by the cooling tubes. 2. Perfectionnements selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que les tubes d'accrochage (18) et les tubes (12) de la paroi de la chaudière sont refroidis par le même fluide, ou un fluide différent.2. Improvements according to claim 1, characterized in that the attachment tubes (18) and the tubes (12) of the wall of the boiler are cooled by the same fluid, or a different fluid. 3. Perfectionnements selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisés en ce que le poids des pièces réfractaires (16, 16', 16") est repris de loin en loin par des éléments de reprise de charge.3. Improvements according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the weight of the refractory pieces (16, 16 ', 16 ") is taken up from time to time by load take-up elements. 4. Perfectionnements selon l'une quelconque des revendicaitons.précédentes, caractérisés en ce que la mise en place des pièces réfractaires (16, 16', 16") peut s'effectuer soit par pivotement dans le plan des tubes de refroidissement (18), en donnant à ces pièces une forme appropriée, soit par la partie supérieure de ces pièces.4. Improvements according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positioning of the refractory pieces (16, 16 ′, 16 ") can be carried out either by pivoting in the plane of the cooling tubes (18) , giving these pieces an appropriate shape, either through the upper part of these pieces.
EP87400381A 1986-03-17 1987-02-20 Fixation of protection elements in the combustion chambers of boilers Ceased EP0239438A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603757 1986-03-17
FR8603757A FR2595793B1 (en) 1986-03-17 1986-03-17 IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS OF BOILER COMBUSTION CHAMBERS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0239438A1 true EP0239438A1 (en) 1987-09-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87400381A Ceased EP0239438A1 (en) 1986-03-17 1987-02-20 Fixation of protection elements in the combustion chambers of boilers

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EP (1) EP0239438A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2595793B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0935113A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-11 Jünger + Gräter GmbH Feuerfestbau Anchoring device for refractory slabs steel pipe aggregate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE565345A (en) *
US1710676A (en) * 1926-07-13 1929-04-23 Edge Moor Iron Company Water wall
GB1591331A (en) * 1978-05-26 1981-06-17 Wfj Refractories Ltd Constructional blocks

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE565345A (en) *
US1710676A (en) * 1926-07-13 1929-04-23 Edge Moor Iron Company Water wall
GB1591331A (en) * 1978-05-26 1981-06-17 Wfj Refractories Ltd Constructional blocks

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0935113A1 (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-11 Jünger + Gräter GmbH Feuerfestbau Anchoring device for refractory slabs steel pipe aggregate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2595793B1 (en) 1989-08-04
FR2595793A1 (en) 1987-09-18

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