EP0237891A2 - Camouflage device for sonic marine navigation instruments - Google Patents

Camouflage device for sonic marine navigation instruments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237891A2
EP0237891A2 EP87103269A EP87103269A EP0237891A2 EP 0237891 A2 EP0237891 A2 EP 0237891A2 EP 87103269 A EP87103269 A EP 87103269A EP 87103269 A EP87103269 A EP 87103269A EP 0237891 A2 EP0237891 A2 EP 0237891A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
charges
sound
housing
bubble
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Granted
Application number
EP87103269A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0237891B1 (en
EP0237891A3 (en
Inventor
Georg Bugiel
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Diehl Verwaltungs Stiftung
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Diehl GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0237891A3 publication Critical patent/EP0237891A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/34—Camouflage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • towed bodies which are submerged as interference and decoy bodies and which, by means of electromechanical excitation (beating against a hollow body wall) or as electrically controlled water sounder, serve to emit noise into the water in order to deflect from an object to be protected; or to release compressed air into the water in a bubble shape in order to simulate a reflective target object due to the sound-reflecting effect of a slowly floating bubble accumulation.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the known devices of the generic type are only of limited effectiveness because, in particular without considerable technical effort, only a relatively narrow-band and less voluminous sound spectrum can be emitted and a mere accumulation of bubbles as such is relatively easy to identify, especially since they are right quickly evaporated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a both passive and active interference device with comparatively little technological effort.
  • reaction gases can also serve as propulsion means for a drive device, so that the pyroacoustic interfering body can self-control or remotely control certain distances and thereby not only acoustically contaminate a larger spatial area, but can even more realistically simulate a target object.
  • Conventional propellants can serve as energy suppliers for the release of high-energy, expanding and collapsing gas bubbles into the water and for the function of the drive device; or a very gas-rich, high-performance lithergol fuel system with sodium or potassium boranate and acid as a supplier of very large amounts of high-energy, i.e. rapidly expanding reaction gases - as explained in more detail in our earlier applications P 34 35 075.6 and P 34 35 076.4 from September 25, 1984.
  • the function of the device according to the invention for disrupting and deceiving water-borne sound systems that is, for warding off the threat.
  • which originates from torpedoes or mines, for example, is essentially based on radiating pyrotechnic energy into water 1 as sound wave energy.
  • an aircraft or watercraft exposes pyroacoustic interfering bodies 2, which essentially consist of a supporting body 3 for pyrotechnic charges 4 (designed as a towed body or for buoyancy. Suspended state or slow sinking in water 1). As indicated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, these can be distributed discretely along fuse strings 5. or as shown in FIG. 3 as a compact or lamellar or granular pressed body.
  • the fuses 5 can be ignited before the interfering bodies 2 are exposed; or the supporting bodies 3 are equipped with igniters 6 which, for example, after a delay time and e.g. initiates the ignition of the detonating cords 5 by contact with the sea water 1, and then initiates the explosion-like burning off of the individual charges 4 one after the other.
  • the pyrotechnic charges 4 are suspended freely from the supporting body 3 in the water 1 along detonating cords 5.
  • the reaction gas bubbles 7 of the individual successively ignited charges 4 expand in a pulsing manner into the surrounding water 1 until the reaction pressure of the displaced water leads to the collapse of the respective gas bubble 7 in the absence of combustion gas, and thereby call local compression waves, i.e. a very high-harmonic sound radiation into the Water 1.
  • the expansion gas bubbles 7 act as a dynamic bubble curtain, that is to say as a spatially fluctuating reflector for incident water sound waves which are emitted, for example, by location systems.
  • the superimposition of the pressure wave fronts of the individual expanding gas bubbles 7 also results in a number of virtual sound sources in the areas apart from the individual charges 4, as explained in more detail in the earlier application P 34 35 130.2 dated September 25, 1984 - which is to avoid repetition here - Reference is made to the content.
  • the use of the interfering body 2 thus leads to a broadband active and passive acoustic contamination of the sound transmission medium water 1, so that the closer surroundings of such an interfering body 2 act on the one hand as a false target for waterborne sound locating systems and on the other hand can hardly be penetrated for the detection of objects hidden behind them.
  • An arrangement of the charges 4 in the interior 8 of an oscillating housing 9 flooded by the water 1 according to FIG. 2 - instead of the chain-shaped suspension into the water 1 according to FIG. 1 - has the advantage that the ignition of the charges 4 causes intensive, relatively low but mixed-frequency structure-borne noise Vibrations of the vibratable wall parts of the housing 9, excited by the expansion gas bubbles 7 in the interior 8, cause. These vibrations of short, intensive excitation result on the outside of the housing in the formation of cavitation layers 10, which otherwise occur practically only on objects that move very quickly through water 1 (such as on critical hull shapes of fast ships or in particular on propeller blades).
  • This interference body 2 also fakes the presence of a rapid vehicle for a remote location system by the formation of such cavitation layers 10, although it is merely a quasi-stationary floating or sinking body for the longer-lasting build-up of a quasi-stationary interference and deceptive field acts.
  • interfering bodies 2 can also be equipped with their own drive in order to span a disruptive area that is spatially fanned out from the point of exposure, that is to say, to further spread out, for example to shield operations that are taking place behind it.
  • a modified interference body 2 which is also driven by the supplier for the pulsating bubbles 7, is outlined in FIG. 3.
  • the reaction gases of a compact propellant charge are first collected in at least one pressure chamber 13, from which they then, in portions through a pressure relief valve 20, pass through the tube 14 into the actual oscillating housing 9 in a pulsed manner.
  • This has the advantage of being able to implement structure-borne noise frequency tuning more easily.
  • the charge 4 also serves to excite a coordinated sound pressure generator 16, which in the example shown is structurally combined with the drive device 15. It consists of a number of - due to their length and their diameter - shock wave tubes 14 tuned to different fundamental frequencies between the surrounding water 1 and a periodically opened pressure chamber 13 for the reaction gases of the fuel charge 4.
  • the defined time pressure profiles 17 at the outlet of the pulse tubes 14 differ from each other in particular by their rising and falling edges, that is, by very different harmonic content; as illustrated in FIG. 3 in the direction parallel to the axis 18 of the interfering body 2 over a radially extending time axis.
  • the small pulsating gas bubbles 7 emerging through the shock wave tubes 14 and the larger drive gas quantities likewise emerging from the drive device 15 in a compressed, pulse-like manner combine again in the far field (in the water 1) to form a bubble curtain 12.
  • the pyroacoustic, self-running interference body 2 according to FIG. 3 therefore emits sound waves 19 in different spectral ranges. These can be varied within wide limits by constructive measures, since it is a superimposition of low-frequency structure-borne noise effects with high-frequency cavitation effects and the frequency mixture of periodic-pulse-like effects of slow expansion and rapid collapse of a large number of gas bubbles, supplemented by the frequency-staggered effects of vibration excitation of shock wave tubes 14.
  • the simple mechanical structure enables the provision of large quantities of relatively small, that is to say easy-to-handle pyroacoustic interference and decoy bodies 2 as inexpensive consumables on board also of merchant ships, in order to quickly counteract an impending threat identified by opposing waterborne sound location systems to be able to prepare behind which evasive or defensive maneuvers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for jamming and deceiving water-borne-sound detection installations, having a device, launchable into the water, for generating and reflecting sound waves, characterized in that the device has carrying bodies (3), which are equipped with pyrotechnical charges (4) for the bubble-shapped radiation of reaction gases rich in energy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, als Stör- und Täuschkörper getauchte Schleppkörper einzusetzen, die durch elektromechanische Anregung (Klöppelschlag gegen eine Hohlkörperwandung) oder als elektrisch angesteuerte Wasserschallgeber der Geräuschabstrahlung ins Wasser dienen, um von einem zu schützenden Objekt abzulenken; bzw. Druckluft blasenförmig ins Wasser abzulassen, um durch die schallreflektierende Wirkung einer langsam dahintreibenden Blasenansammlung ein reflektierendes Zielobjekt vorzutäuschen.It is known to use towed bodies which are submerged as interference and decoy bodies and which, by means of electromechanical excitation (beating against a hollow body wall) or as electrically controlled water sounder, serve to emit noise into the water in order to deflect from an object to be protected; or to release compressed air into the water in a bubble shape in order to simulate a reflective target object due to the sound-reflecting effect of a slowly floating bubble accumulation.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß die vorbekannten Einrichtungen gattungsgemäßer Art nur von beschränkter Wirksamkeit sind, weil insbesondere ohne erheblichen technischen Aufwand nur ein relativ schmalbandiges und wenig voluminöses Schallspektrum abstrahlbar ist und eine bloße Blasenansammlung als solche relativ leicht identifizierbar ist, zumal sie sich recht schnell verflüchtigt. In Erkenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine sowohl passiv wie auch aktiv wirksame Störeinrichtung mit vergleichsweise geringem technologischen Aufwand anzugeben.The invention is based on the knowledge that the known devices of the generic type are only of limited effectiveness because, in particular without considerable technical effort, only a relatively narrow-band and less voluminous sound spectrum can be emitted and a mere accumulation of bubbles as such is relatively easy to identify, especially since they are right quickly evaporated. In recognition of these circumstances, the object of the invention is to provide a both passive and active interference device with comparatively little technological effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß die gattungsgemäße Einrichtung das Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 aufweist.This object is essentially achieved in that the generic device has the characterizing part of claim 1.

Nach dieser Lösung kann z.B. bei Bestückung des Tragkörpers mit individuellen pyrotechnischen Ladungen, also durch deren Anzahl und durch deren Zündabstand, die Wirkintensität und Wirkdauer deren Verbrennungsgasblasen in weiten Grenzen beeinflußt, aber auf die räumliche Umgebung des Tragkörpers selbst beschränkt und deshalb den gegebenen Tarnaufgaben entsprechend positioniert bzw. verbracht werden. Die dreidimensionale Verteilung der Störwirkung der pulsierend expandierenden, sowohl als sekundäre Schallquellen wie auch als Reflektoren wirkenden Gasblasen läßt sich durch die herabhängende Länge einer Kette aneinandergereihter einzelner Ladungen leicht den aktuellen Erfordernissen anpassen. Eine entsprechende Staffelung dieser Ketten relativ zueinander und der Ladungen längs der Ketten führt aufgrund von örtlichen Druckwellen-Überlagerungen im umgebenden Wasser zur Ausbildung virtueller Schallquellen mit Intensitäten, die erheblich über denjenigen an den Orten der einzelnen Ladungen liegen können und dadurch die aktive Störwirkung. also die akustische Verseuchung des umgebenden Wassers gegen die Wirkung einer Wasserschall-Peilanlage, noch erheblich verstärken.After this solution e.g. When fitting the support body with individual pyrotechnic charges, i.e. by their number and by their ignition distance, the intensity and duration of their combustion gas bubbles are influenced within wide limits, but limited to the spatial environment of the support body itself and therefore positioned or spent according to the given camouflage tasks. The three-dimensional distribution of the disturbing effect of the pulsating expanding gas bubbles, which act both as secondary sound sources and as reflectors, can easily be adapted to current requirements due to the hanging length of a chain of individual charges strung together. A corresponding staggering of these chains relative to one another and the charges along the chains leads to the formation of virtual sound sources with intensities which can be considerably higher than those at the locations of the individual charges and thus the active interference effect due to local pressure wave superimpositions in the surrounding water. thus significantly increase the acoustic contamination of the surrounding water against the effects of a water-borne direction finder.

Um eine breitbandigere Störwirkung und zusätzliche Täuscheffekte hervorzurufen, ist es zweckmäßiger, die explosions- oder impulsförmige Abgabe von Reaktionsgasen innerhalb eines gefluteten, schwingungsfähigen Gehäuses durchzuführen, dessen Wandung dann aufgrund intensiver Vibrationsanregung nicht nur zu niederfrequenter aber oberwellenreicher Druckwellen- , also Körperschallabstrahlung ins Wasser führt, sondern daneben zum Aufbau äußerer Kavitationsschichten, also trotz technologisch leicht beherrschbarer niederfrequenter Anregung zu ausgesprochen hochfrequenter Schallabstrahlung. Und trotz quasi-stationärer Aussetzung des Störkörpers im Wasser ergibt sich für eine entfernte Ortungsanlage aufgrund dieser Kavitationserscheinungen leicht der Eindruck eines sich sehr schnell durchs Wasser bewegenden Objektes, also eines Zielobjektes. Hinzu kommt wieder die Täuschwirkung eines schallreflektierenden Gasblasenvorhanges aufgrund Austritts der Explosionsgase aus dem Innenraum des Schwinggehäuses durch seine Flutungsöffnungen hindurch; mit Verstärkung dessen mechanischer Schwingungsanregung infolge der Wasserschlagwirkung von den an der Außenwand kollabierenden Gasblasen. Eine noch günstigere Wirkung und Einsatzbreite ergibt sich, wenn solche Wasserschlag-Anregung eines Schwinggehäuses kombiniert wird mit impulsförmiger Schallabstrahlung durch auf unterschiedliche Frequenzgemische abgestimmte Stoßwellenrohre. Reaktionsgase können schließlich auch als Vortriebsmittel für eine Antriebseinrichtung dienen, damit der pyroakustische Störkörper selbststeuernd oder ferngesteuert gewisse Wege zurücklegen und dadurch nicht nur ein größeres räumliches Gebiet akustisch verseuchen, sondern noch wirklichkeitsgetreuer ein Zielobjekt vortäuschen kann.In order to produce a broadband interference effect and additional deceptive effects, it is more expedient to carry out the explosive or pulsed release of reaction gases within a flooded, vibratable housing, the wall of which then leads not only to low-frequency but harmonic radiation, i.e. structure-borne noise, into the water due to intense vibration excitation. but also to build up outer cavitation layers, i.e. despite technologically easily controllable low-frequency excitation for extremely high-frequency sound radiation. And despite the quasi-stationary exposure of the interfering body in the water, a distant location system can easily give the impression of an object moving very quickly through the water, i.e. a target object, due to these cavitation phenomena. In addition, there is again the deceptive effect of a sound-reflecting gas bubble curtain due to the explosion gases escaping from the interior of the oscillating housing through its flooding openings; with amplification of its mechanical vibration excitation due to the water hammer effect of the gas bubbles collapsing on the outer wall. An even more favorable effect and range of use results if such water hammer excitation of a vibrating housing is combined with pulsed sound radiation by shock wave tubes matched to different frequency mixtures. Finally, reaction gases can also serve as propulsion means for a drive device, so that the pyroacoustic interfering body can self-control or remotely control certain distances and thereby not only acoustically contaminate a larger spatial area, but can even more realistically simulate a target object.

Als Energielieferant für eine Abgabe energiereicher, expandierender und wieder kollabierender Gasblasen ins Wasser sowie für die FunktIon der Antriebseinrichtung können herkömmliche Treibsätze dienen; oder ein sehr gasreiches lithergoles Hochleistungs-Treibstoffsystem mit Natrium- oder Kaliumboranat und Säure als Lieferanten sehr großer Mengen energiereicher, also stark expandierender Reaktionsgase - wie in den eigenen älteren Anmeldungen P 34 35 075.6 und P 34 35 076.4 vom 25.09.1984 näher erläutert.Conventional propellants can serve as energy suppliers for the release of high-energy, expanding and collapsing gas bubbles into the water and for the function of the drive device; or a very gas-rich, high-performance lithergol fuel system with sodium or potassium boranate and acid as a supplier of very large amounts of high-energy, i.e. rapidly expanding reaction gases - as explained in more detail in our earlier applications P 34 35 075.6 and P 34 35 076.4 from September 25, 1984.

Zusätzliche Alternativen und Weiterbildungen sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen und, auch unter Berücksichtigung der Darlegungen in der Zusammenfassung, aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche stark abstrahiert skizzierten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung.Additional alternatives and further developments as well as further features and advantages of the invention result from the further claims and, also taking into account the explanations in the summary, from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the solution according to the invention, which are sketched in a highly abstracted manner while restricting them to the essentials.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen getauchten Tragkörper mit pyrotechnischen Ladungsketten,
  • Fig. 2 einen gefluteten, zugleich als Schwinggehäuse dienenden Tragkörper mit pyrotechnischen Ladungen und
  • Fig. 3 einen angetriebenen Tragkörper mit pyrotechnischem Treibstoff für den Betrieb des Antriebs, des Schwinggehäuses und eines abgestimmten Schalldruckwellengenerators.
It shows:
  • 1 shows a submerged support body with pyrotechnic charge chains,
  • Fig. 2 is a flooded, simultaneously serving as a swing housing supporting body with pyrotechnic charges and
  • Fig. 3 shows a driven support body with pyrotechnic fuel for the operation of the drive, the vibrating housing and a coordinated sound pressure wave generator.

Die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zum Stören und Täuschen von Wasserschall-Drtungsanlagen, also zur Abwehr der Bedrohung. die von beispielsweise Torpedos oder Minen ausgeht, beruht im wesentlichen darauf, pyrotechnische Energie impulsartig als Schallwellenenergie ins Wasser 1 abzustrahlen. Dazu werden von einem Luft- oder Wasserfahrzeug pyroakustische Störkörper 2 ausgesetzt, die im wesentlichen aus einem (z.B. als Schleppkörper oder für Auftrieb. Schwebezustand oder rangsames Absinken im Wasser 1 ausgelegten) Tragkörper 3 für pyrotechnische Ladungen 4 bestehen. Diese können, wie in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 angedeutet, längs Zündschnüren 5 diskret verteilt. oder gemäß Fig. 3 als kompakter oder lamellarer bzw. granulatförmig gepreßter Körper ausgebildet sein. Die Zündschnüre 5 können schon vor dem Aussetzen der Störkörper 2 angezündet werden; oder die Tragkörper 3 sind mit Zündgeräten 6 ausgestattet, welche beispielsweise nach Ablauf einer Verzögerungszeit und z.B. initiiert durch die Berührung mit dem Seewasser 1 die Anzündung der Zündschnüre 5, und darüber nacheinander das explosionsartige Abbrennen der einzelnen Ladungen 4, einleiten.The function of the device according to the invention for disrupting and deceiving water-borne sound systems, that is, for warding off the threat. which originates from torpedoes or mines, for example, is essentially based on radiating pyrotechnic energy into water 1 as sound wave energy. For this purpose, an aircraft or watercraft exposes pyroacoustic interfering bodies 2, which essentially consist of a supporting body 3 for pyrotechnic charges 4 (designed as a towed body or for buoyancy. Suspended state or slow sinking in water 1). As indicated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, these can be distributed discretely along fuse strings 5. or as shown in FIG. 3 as a compact or lamellar or granular pressed body. The fuses 5 can be ignited before the interfering bodies 2 are exposed; or the supporting bodies 3 are equipped with igniters 6 which, for example, after a delay time and e.g. initiates the ignition of the detonating cords 5 by contact with the sea water 1, and then initiates the explosion-like burning off of the individual charges 4 one after the other.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 sind die pyrotechnischen Ladungen 4 längs Zündschnüren 5 vom Tragkörper 3 frei ins Wasser 1 abgehängt. Die Reaktionsgasblasen 7 der einzelnen nacheinander angezündeten Ladungen 4 expandieren impulsartig in das umgebende Wasser 1, bis der Reaktionsdruck des verdrängten Wassers bei Ausbleiben von Abbrandgas zum Kollaps der jeweiligen Gasblase 7 führt, und r.ufen dadurch lokale Kompressionswellen, also eine sehr oberwellenreiche Schallabstrahlung in das Wasser 1 hervor.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the pyrotechnic charges 4 are suspended freely from the supporting body 3 in the water 1 along detonating cords 5. The reaction gas bubbles 7 of the individual successively ignited charges 4 expand in a pulsing manner into the surrounding water 1 until the reaction pressure of the displaced water leads to the collapse of the respective gas bubble 7 in the absence of combustion gas, and thereby call local compression waves, i.e. a very high-harmonic sound radiation into the Water 1.

Zugleich wirken die Expansionsgasblasen 7 als dynamischer Blasenvorhang, also als räumlich schwankender Reflektor für einfallende Wasserschallwellen, die etwa von Ortungsanlagen ausgestrahlt sind. Aus der Überlagerung der Druckwellenfronten der einzelnen expandierenden Gasblasen 7 resultiert ferner eine Anzahl virtueller Schallquellen im Bereiche abseits der einzelnen Ladungen 4, wie im einzelnen in der eigenen älteren Anmeldung P 34 35 130.2 vom 25.09.1984 näher erläutert - worauf hier zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen voll-inhaltlich Bezug genommen wird.At the same time, the expansion gas bubbles 7 act as a dynamic bubble curtain, that is to say as a spatially fluctuating reflector for incident water sound waves which are emitted, for example, by location systems. The superimposition of the pressure wave fronts of the individual expanding gas bubbles 7 also results in a number of virtual sound sources in the areas apart from the individual charges 4, as explained in more detail in the earlier application P 34 35 130.2 dated September 25, 1984 - which is to avoid repetition here - Reference is made to the content.

Insgesamt führt der Einsatz der Störkörper 2 also zu einer breitbandigen aktiven und passiven akustischen Verseuchung des Schallübertragungs-Mediums Wasser 1. so daß die nähere Umgebung eines derartigen Störkörpers 2 für Wasserschallortungsanlagen einerseits als Scheinziel wirkt und andererseits kaum zur Detektion dahinter verborgener Objekte durchdringbar ist.Overall, the use of the interfering body 2 thus leads to a broadband active and passive acoustic contamination of the sound transmission medium water 1, so that the closer surroundings of such an interfering body 2 act on the one hand as a false target for waterborne sound locating systems and on the other hand can hardly be penetrated for the detection of objects hidden behind them.

Eine Anordnung der Ladungen 4 im vom Wasser 1 gefluteten Innenraum 8 eines Schwinggehäuses 9 gemäß Fig. 2 - anstelle der kettenförmigen Abhängung ins Wasser 1 nach Fig. 1 - weist den Vorteil auf, durch die Zündung der Ladungen 4 intensive, relativ niedrige aber mischfrequente Körperschall-Vibrationen der schwingfähigen Wandungsteile des Gehäuses 9, angeregt durch die Expansionsgasblasen 7 im Innenraum 8, hervorzurufen. Aus diesen Schwingungen kurzer, intensiver Anregung resultiert auf der Gehäuseaußenseite die Ausbildung von Kavitationsschichten 10, wie sie sonst praktisch nur an sehr schnell durch Wasser 1 hindurchbewegten Objekten (wie etwa an kritischen Rumpfformen schneller Schiffe oder insbesondere an Propellerblättern) auftreten. Dieser Störkörper 2 täuscht durch die Ausbildung derartiger Kaviationsschichten 10 also für eine entfernt stehende Ortungsanlage auch noch das Vorhandensein eines raschen Fahrzeuges vor, obgleich es sich lediglich um einen quasi-stationären Schwimm- oder Sinkkörper zum länger andauernden Aufbau eines quasi-stationären Stör- und Täuschfeldes handelt.An arrangement of the charges 4 in the interior 8 of an oscillating housing 9 flooded by the water 1 according to FIG. 2 - instead of the chain-shaped suspension into the water 1 according to FIG. 1 - has the advantage that the ignition of the charges 4 causes intensive, relatively low but mixed-frequency structure-borne noise Vibrations of the vibratable wall parts of the housing 9, excited by the expansion gas bubbles 7 in the interior 8, cause. These vibrations of short, intensive excitation result on the outside of the housing in the formation of cavitation layers 10, which otherwise occur practically only on objects that move very quickly through water 1 (such as on critical hull shapes of fast ships or in particular on propeller blades). This interference body 2 also fakes the presence of a rapid vehicle for a remote location system by the formation of such cavitation layers 10, although it is merely a quasi-stationary floating or sinking body for the longer-lasting build-up of a quasi-stationary interference and deceptive field acts.

Der Abbau des Explosionsgasblasen-Überdruckes im Innenraum 8 durch seine Flutungsöffnungen 11 durch austretende Blasen 7, die an der Außenwand kollabieren, erhöht durch die Wasserschlagwirkung die Schwingungsintensität des Gehäuses 9; und die Störschallwirkung erhöht sich auch dadurch, daß die Blasen-Kollapse durch ihre Sogwirkungen wie (sekundäre) Schallquellen wirken. Insgesamt ist dieses aktiv und passiv wirkende Objekt in Form des Störkörpers 2 also für eine Ortungsanlage schwer identifizierbar und aufgrund des intensiven Blasenvorhanges 12 kaum durchdringbar. Durch unterschiedliche mechanische Auslegung einzelner Bereiche der Wandung des Schwingungsgehäuses 9 können unterschiedliche Eigenresonanzen hervorgerufen werden, mit der Folge auch eines breitbandig abgestimmten hochfrequenten Schwingungsverhaltens der Kavitationsschichten 10.The breakdown of the explosion gas bubble overpressure in the interior 8 through its flooding openings 11 through emerging bubbles 7, which collapse on the outer wall, increases the vibration intensity of the housing 9 due to the water hammer effect; and the disturbing sound effect also increases because the bubble collapses act like (secondary) sound sources through their suction effects. Overall, this active and passive-acting object in the form of the interfering body 2 is therefore difficult to identify for a location system and, due to the intense bubble curtain 12, can hardly be penetrated. Different mechanical designs of individual areas of the wall of the vibration housing 9 can produce different natural resonances, with the result that a broad-band tuned high-frequency vibration behavior of the cavitation layers 10 is also achieved.

In der symbolisch-vereinfachten Prinzipdarstellung nach Fig. 1 oder Fig. 2 is* im Interesse der Übersichtlichkeit nicht berücksichtigt. daß die Störkörper 2 auch mit einem Eigenantrieb ausgestattet sein können, um ein vom Aussetzungsort her räumlich aufgefächertes, also weiter ausladendes Störgebiet aufzuspannen, etwa zur Abschirmung daninter ablaufender Operationen.In the symbolically simplified basic illustration according to FIG. 1 or 2, * is not taken into account in the interest of clarity. that the interfering bodies 2 can also be equipped with their own drive in order to span a disruptive area that is spatially fanned out from the point of exposure, that is to say, to further spread out, for example to shield operations that are taking place behind it.

Ein abgewandelter, zugleich vom Lieferanten für die pulsierenden Blasen 7 angetriebener Störkörper 2 ist in Fig. 3 skizziert. Abweichend von der Verhältnissen nach Fig. 2 werden hier die Reaktionsgase eines kompakten Treibsatzes zunächst in wenigstens einem Druckraum 13 gesammelt, aus dem sie dann, portioniert durch ein Überdruckventil 20, über ein Rohr 14 impulsartig in das eigentliche Schwinggehäuse 9 übertreten. Das hat den Vorteil, eine Körperschall-Frequenzabstimmung apparativ einfacher realisieren zu können. Außerdem ist es dann auch einfacher, die pyrotechnische Ladung 4 zugleich als Treibstoff für eine Antriebseinrichtung 15 heranzuziehen; bei der es sich wie skizziert um ein Abgas-Rückstoßsystem oder, vorteilhafter noch, um das in der eigenen älteren Patentanmeldung P 34 35 076.4 vom 25.09.1984 näher erläuterte Fluidkolben-Wasserstrahlantriebssystem handeln kann.A modified interference body 2, which is also driven by the supplier for the pulsating bubbles 7, is outlined in FIG. 3. 2, the reaction gases of a compact propellant charge are first collected in at least one pressure chamber 13, from which they then, in portions through a pressure relief valve 20, pass through the tube 14 into the actual oscillating housing 9 in a pulsed manner. This has the advantage of being able to implement structure-borne noise frequency tuning more easily. In addition, it is then also easier to use the pyrotechnic charge 4 at the same time as fuel for a drive device 15; which, as sketched, can be an exhaust gas recoil system or, more advantageously, the fluid piston water jet drive system explained in more detail in the earlier patent application P 34 35 076.4 dated September 25, 1984.

Beim pyroakustischen Störkörper 2 nach Fig. 3 dient die Ladung 4 ferner zur Anregung eines abgestimmten Schalldruckgenerators 16. der im dargestellten Beispielsfalle mit der Antriebseinrichtung 15 baulich vereint ist. Er besteht aus einer Anzahl von - aufgrund ihrer Länge und ihres Durchmessers - auf unterschiedliche Grundfrequenzen abgestimmten Stoßwellenrohren 14 zwischen dem umgebenden Wasser 1 und einem periodisch geöffneten Druckraum 13 für die Reaktionsgase der Treibstoff-Ladung 4. Die definierten zeitlichen Druckverläufe 17 am Ausgang der Impulsrohre 14 unterscheiden sich gegeneinander insbesondere durch ihre Anstiegs- und Abfallflanken, also durch sehr unterschiedliche Oberwellengehalte; wie in Fig. 3 jeweils in Richtung parallel zur Achse 18 des Störkörpers 2 über radial sich erstreckender Zeitachse veranschaulicht. Die durch die Stoßwellenrohre 14 austretenden kleinen pulsierenden Gasblasen 7 und die rückwärtig aus der Antriebseinrichtung 15 ebenfalls komprimiert-impulsförmig austretenden größeren Antriebs-Gasmengen vereinen sich im Fernfeld (im Wasser 1) wieder zu einem Blasenvorhang 12.In the pyroacoustic interfering body 2 according to FIG. 3, the charge 4 also serves to excite a coordinated sound pressure generator 16, which in the example shown is structurally combined with the drive device 15. It consists of a number of - due to their length and their diameter - shock wave tubes 14 tuned to different fundamental frequencies between the surrounding water 1 and a periodically opened pressure chamber 13 for the reaction gases of the fuel charge 4. The defined time pressure profiles 17 at the outlet of the pulse tubes 14 differ from each other in particular by their rising and falling edges, that is, by very different harmonic content; as illustrated in FIG. 3 in the direction parallel to the axis 18 of the interfering body 2 over a radially extending time axis. The small pulsating gas bubbles 7 emerging through the shock wave tubes 14 and the larger drive gas quantities likewise emerging from the drive device 15 in a compressed, pulse-like manner combine again in the far field (in the water 1) to form a bubble curtain 12.

Der pyroakustische, selbstlaufende Störkörper 2 nach Fig. 3 stahlt also Schallwellen 19 in verschiedenen Spektralbereichen ab. Diese sind durch konstruktive Maßnahmen in weiten Grenzen variierbar, da es sich um eine Überlagerung von niederfrequenten Körperschalleffekten mit hochfrequenten Kavitationseffekten und dem Frequenzgemisch periodisch-impulsförmiger Effekte des langsamen Aufweitens und raschen Kollabierens einer Vielzahl von Gasblasen handelt, ergänzt um die frequenzmäßig gestaffelt abstimmbaren Effekte der Schwingungsanregung von Stoßwellenrohren 14. Der einfache mechanische Aufbau ermöglicht die Bereitstellung großer Mängen relativ kleiner, also leicht handhabbarer pyroakustischer Stör- und Täuschkörper 2 als preisgünstige Verbrauchsartikel an Bord auch von Handelsschiffen, um einer sich durch gegnerische Wasserschall-Ortungsanlagen zu erkennen gebenden bevorstehenden Bedrohung rasch Schutzmaßnahmen entgegensetzen zu können, hinter denen Ausweich- oder Abwehrmanöver vorbereitet werden können.The pyroacoustic, self-running interference body 2 according to FIG. 3 therefore emits sound waves 19 in different spectral ranges. These can be varied within wide limits by constructive measures, since it is a superimposition of low-frequency structure-borne noise effects with high-frequency cavitation effects and the frequency mixture of periodic-pulse-like effects of slow expansion and rapid collapse of a large number of gas bubbles, supplemented by the frequency-staggered effects of vibration excitation of shock wave tubes 14. The simple mechanical structure enables the provision of large quantities of relatively small, that is to say easy-to-handle pyroacoustic interference and decoy bodies 2 as inexpensive consumables on board also of merchant ships, in order to quickly counteract an impending threat identified by opposing waterborne sound location systems to be able to prepare behind which evasive or defensive maneuvers.

Claims (7)

1. Einrichtung zum Stören und Täuschen von Wasserschall-Ortungsanlagen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ins Wasser aussetzbare Tragkörper (3) mit pyrotechnischen Ladungen (4) zur blasenförmigen Abstrahlung energiereicher Reaktionsgase ausgestattet sind.1. device for disrupting and deceiving waterborne sound locating systems,
characterized,
that support bodies (3) which can be deployed in the water are equipped with pyrotechnic charges (4) for the bubble-shaped radiation of high-energy reaction gases. 2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeder Tragkörper (3) wenigstens eine kettenförmige Anordnung einzelner Ladungen (4) abhängt.2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that each support body (3) depends on at least one chain-like arrangement of individual charges (4). 3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Ketten durch Zündschnüre (5) zwischen den Ladungen (4) ausgebildet sind.3. Device according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the chains are formed by detonating cords (5) between the loads (4). 4. Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Ladungen (4) im Innenraum (8) eines gefluteten Schwinggehäuses (9) angeordnet sind, deren Wandungen zur Ausbildung von Kavitationsschichten (10) in Schwingungen versetzbar sind.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that charges (4) are arranged in the interior (8) of a flooded oscillating housing (9), the walls of which can be set in vibration to form cavitation layers (10). 5. Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Innenraum (8) eines zu Kavitationsschwingungen (10) anregbaren Schwinggehäuses (9) aus einem Druckraum (13) über
ein Impulsrohr (14) mit Reaktionsgasen speisbar ist, die durch Flutungsöffnungen (11) als Blasenvorhang (12) aus dem Schwinggehäuse (9) wieder austreten können.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the interior (8) of a vibrating housing (9) which can be excited to cavitation vibrations (10) from a pressure chamber (13)
a pulse tube (14) can be fed with reaction gases, which can emerge from the oscillating housing (9) again through flooding openings (11) as a bubble curtain (12). 6. Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Schalldrucknellengenerator (16) mis unterschiedlich abgestimmten, zwischen einem Expansionsgas-Druckraum (13 und dem umgebenden Wasser (1) verlaufenden Impulsrohren (14) vorgesehen ist.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that a sound pressure generator (16) is provided with differently tuned impulse tubes (14) running between an expansion gas pressure chamber (13 and the surrounding water (1)). 7. Einrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ladungen (4) gleichzeitig als Treibstoff für eine Antriebseinrichtung (15) am Tragkörper (3) vorgesehen sind.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charges (4) are simultaneously provided as a fuel for a drive device (15) on the support body (3).
EP87103269A 1986-03-15 1987-03-07 Camouflage device for sonic marine navigation instruments Expired EP0237891B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863608809 DE3608809A1 (en) 1986-03-15 1986-03-15 DEVICE FOR INTERFERING AND EXCHANGING WATER SOUND DETECTING SYSTEMS
DE3608809 1986-03-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237891A2 true EP0237891A2 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0237891A3 EP0237891A3 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0237891B1 EP0237891B1 (en) 1989-06-14

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ID=6296525

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EP87103269A Expired EP0237891B1 (en) 1986-03-15 1987-03-07 Camouflage device for sonic marine navigation instruments

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EP (1) EP0237891B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3608809A1 (en)
DK (1) DK131987A (en)
IL (1) IL81867A (en)
NO (1) NO165064C (en)

Cited By (7)

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DE3908578A1 (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-20 Laukien Guenther METHOD FOR INFLUENCING A SOUND SOURCE, IN PARTICULAR A SUBMERSIBLE SUBMARINE, AND SUBMARINE
DE3908572A1 (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-12-20 Laukien Guenther METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE SOUND EMISSION OF SUBMERSIBLES SUBMERSIBLE
US5130948A (en) * 1989-03-16 1992-07-14 Gunther Laukien Method and apparatus for reducing acoustic emission from submerged submarines
FR2771805A1 (en) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-04 Lacroix Soc E PYROACOUSTIC GENERATOR FOR THE PROTECTION OF SUBMARINES AND SURFACE VESSELS
GB2369178A (en) * 1990-05-11 2002-05-22 Marconi Co Ltd Acoustic jamming
RU2456681C1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-07-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр ФГУП "ТИНРО-Центр" Method of reducing underwater noise of ships and apparatus for realising said method
JP2018171939A (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 三菱重工業株式会社 Noise control device, ship, noise control method and its program

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DE4322837C2 (en) * 1993-07-08 1996-02-22 Buck Chem Tech Werke Zeolite material for a process for generating gas bubbles in water
DE102015010659B4 (en) * 2015-08-14 2017-11-02 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Underwater flares

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DE3300067A1 (en) * 1983-01-04 1984-07-05 Hans Dr.rer.nat. 2000 Hamburg Gienapp Device for interfering with the locating of submarines

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3908578A1 (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-20 Laukien Guenther METHOD FOR INFLUENCING A SOUND SOURCE, IN PARTICULAR A SUBMERSIBLE SUBMARINE, AND SUBMARINE
DE3908572A1 (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-12-20 Laukien Guenther METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE SOUND EMISSION OF SUBMERSIBLES SUBMERSIBLE
US5130948A (en) * 1989-03-16 1992-07-14 Gunther Laukien Method and apparatus for reducing acoustic emission from submerged submarines
US5136547A (en) * 1989-03-16 1992-08-04 Laukien Guenther Method and apparatus for reducing for reducing acoustic emission from submerged submarines
US5208784A (en) * 1989-03-16 1993-05-04 Laukien Guenther Method for influencing an acoustic source, in particular of a submerged submarine, and submarine
GB2369178A (en) * 1990-05-11 2002-05-22 Marconi Co Ltd Acoustic jamming
GB2369178B (en) * 1990-05-11 2002-09-18 Marconi Co Ltd Acoustic jamming
FR2771805A1 (en) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-04 Lacroix Soc E PYROACOUSTIC GENERATOR FOR THE PROTECTION OF SUBMARINES AND SURFACE VESSELS
WO1999028699A1 (en) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-10 Etienne Lacroix Tous Artifices S.A. Pyro-acoustic generator for protecting submarines and surface ships
RU2456681C1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-07-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр ФГУП "ТИНРО-Центр" Method of reducing underwater noise of ships and apparatus for realising said method
JP2018171939A (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 三菱重工業株式会社 Noise control device, ship, noise control method and its program

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO870869L (en) 1987-09-16
DK131987A (en) 1987-09-16
DE3608809A1 (en) 1987-09-17
NO165064B (en) 1990-09-10
EP0237891B1 (en) 1989-06-14
NO165064C (en) 1990-12-19
NO870869D0 (en) 1987-03-03
DK131987D0 (en) 1987-03-13
IL81867A (en) 1992-05-25
EP0237891A3 (en) 1987-11-19
DE3760240D1 (en) 1989-07-20

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