EP0237512B1 - Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters - Google Patents

Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237512B1
EP0237512B1 EP87850075A EP87850075A EP0237512B1 EP 0237512 B1 EP0237512 B1 EP 0237512B1 EP 87850075 A EP87850075 A EP 87850075A EP 87850075 A EP87850075 A EP 87850075A EP 0237512 B1 EP0237512 B1 EP 0237512B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulator
holes
arrangement according
container
turbulence generating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87850075A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0237512A1 (de
Inventor
Lars Bergström
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ABB Technology FLB AB
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Flaekt AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Flaekt AB filed Critical Flaekt AB
Priority to AT87850075T priority Critical patent/ATE53308T1/de
Publication of EP0237512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0237512A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0237512B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237512B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement in insulators which form part of electrostatic dust precipitators, and preferably to an arrangement in an insulator which supports a discharge electrode and which has an electrode attachment and supporting upper part.
  • This insulator part is positioned horizontally and has provided therein one or more first holes through which air can enter the interior of the insulator and pass therealong into the electrostatic precipitator, for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the tendency of dust to collect on the internal wall surfaces of the insulator.
  • the invention can be applied with particular advantage to discharge-electrode insulators, it will be understood that the invention may also be applied with auxiliary operating rods and other devices which may influence the voltage supply, e.g. percussion mechanisms for cleansing electrodes of dust that has collected thereon.
  • the US Patent Specification Serial No. 3 531 918 teaches an insulator for supporting a discharge electrode of an electrostatic dust precipitator and provided with an electrode supporting part to this end.
  • the supporting part of this known insulator has provided therein one or more first holes through which air under pressure can flow into the dust precipitator, for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the collection of dust on the inner wall surfaces of the insulator.
  • the known insulator comprises a cylindrical body which presents an upper planar, horizontal part for co-action with a discharge electrode holding plate.
  • the plate has extending therethrough a number of holes through which air under pressure can enter and pass through the interior of the insulator and down to the electrostatic dust precipitator.
  • a cover member which defines a first chamber having incorporated therein a non-return valve, or check valve, which is intended to ensure that air will pass solely in one direction, namely down towards the dust precipitator.
  • the cover member, or hood is surrounded by a further cover member, or hood, which forms a second chamber, to which a source of air under pressure is connected through a connecting conduit.
  • the specification discloses a conical insulator which has an upper part that co-acts with a plate having provided therein a plurality of holes which are formed on a circular-arcuate line symmetrically in relation to the insulator.
  • a first chamber can be pressurized with the aid of a valve, so as to enable a stream of air to pass through the holes.
  • This air stream gives rise to back currents, eddy-currents, or vortices and like turbulence, which contribute in carrying impurities from the dust precipitator into the interior of the insulator, where they collect on from the frusto-conical interior surfaces thereof.
  • the conical configuration contributes towards forming the enclosure for the narrower end of the first chamber at its upper part, while ensuring a sufficiently wide insulating distance.
  • gas volume shall be understood to include a mixture of gases, such as purely air.
  • a particular problem encountered in this field is one of ensuring that a small volumetric flow of gas through the narrower end of a frusto-conical insulator will flow in solely one direction through the total extent of the insulator, in the absence of regions of back-flow capable of carrying dust from the interior of the dust precipitator and onto the inner walls of the insulator, such dust particles adhering to said walls in the form of electrically charged deposits.
  • Another technical problem encountered in this field is one of realizing that in spite of a considerable decrease in the requisite gas flow, e.g. a decrease of about 75%, the gas flow used would be sufficient if said flow, subsequent to having passed through the holes, could be guided in a manner to create a turbulence, e.g. eddy-currents or vortices, and then a rotational helical and spiral turbulence about a centre line of the insulator.
  • a turbulence e.g. eddy-currents or vortices
  • Another technical problem is one of realizing that the aforementioned problems can be solved in existing electrostatic dust precipitators, by installing therein a pre-fabricated unit which comprises such turbulence generators capable of imparting rotational motion to the gas.
  • Still a further problem in this regard is one of realizing that when using a pre-fabricated unit and turbulence generating devices in conjunction with first holes in the electrode supporting part of the insulator unit, in the form of a container, shall have provided in the surface thereof remote from said electrode supporting part a plurality of second holes which discharge upstream of the turbulence generators.
  • the second holes in the surfaces of the container remote from the electrode supporting part of the insulator should be present in a greater number and present a smaller cross-sectional area than the first holes located in said supporting insulator part and should be distributed uniformly adjacent respective turbulence generators.
  • a further technical problem is one of constructing a container having an external configuration which does not present pronounced surfaces, but which presents certain areas that are prone to disturb field strength concentrations, while still creating conditions for providing eddy-current or vortex or like turbulence generating devices in a simple manner.
  • Another technical problem is one of creating, with simple means, turbulence generating devices which, with regard to this particular field, will generate an effective and sufficient rotational turbulence about the centre line of the insulator and, primarily with regard to conical insulators, will create conditions for generating a rotational turbulence such as to eliminate thereby the collection of dust on the interior insulator walls which diverge towards the interior of the dust separator.
  • effective turbulence generating devices in this particular context can be given a particularly simple form and may comprise, for example, one or more guide vanes.
  • the insulator has an upper part which supports the electrode and facilitates its attachmental.
  • This electrode supporting and attachment part of the insulator is positioned horizontally and is provided with one or more first holes through which gas can flow into the interior of the insulator and pass therealong and enter the interior of the dust precipitator, therewith to reduce or preferably to eliminate the formation of dust on the inner wall sections of the insulator.
  • turbulence generating devices i.e. devices that will generate rotational turbulence and which direct a rotary air flow along the inner wall section of the insulator.
  • a pre-fabricated unit in the form of a container is arranged adjacent the aforesaid insulator part and is attached to the underneath of the horizontal surface of said part, and has a form such that all of said first, relatively large holes in said part will discharge into the container.
  • the horizontal surface of the container that faces away from the aforesaid insulator part is also provided with a plurality of second smaller holes, which discharge or open upstream of the turbulence generating devices in the immediate vicinity thereof.
  • the number of second holes provided in the container surface remote from said insulator part to be much greater than the number of first holes located in said insulator part, and for said second holes to have a smaller cross-sectional size than said first holes, and also to be mutually so dimensioned as to create a given over-pressure in the interior of the container, therewith ensuring a uniform exit velocity of the gas flow from all holes in the container.
  • the turbulence generating devices comprise guide vanes which extend obliquely to the direction in which the gas flow passes through the first holes or the second holes.
  • the guide vane may have a particularly simple form, for example a flat rectangular form.
  • the turbulence generating devices are arranged so as to obtain a generally uniform rotation of gas flow around a symmetry axis of the insulator.
  • the second holes similarly to the first holes, are of circular cross-section.
  • the centre distance, or span, between mutually adjacent holes is less than twice the diameter of said holes. The smaller, second holes will be distributed uniformly along the hole of the container surface that faces away from the aforesaid insulator part.
  • the turbulence generating devices will suitably be greater than four in number, although preferably less than twelve. It has been found in practice that satisfactory results are obtained with eight such devices.
  • the separate and pre-fabricated unit in the form of a container shall have a circular cross-sectional shape, and the turbulence generating devices will extend between a discharge-electrode holding device and the container periphery.
  • a limited gas flow shall be supplied continuously to the dust precipitator through said holes and said turbulence generating devices, and the gas flow shall be heated with the aid of heating means herefor, preferably an electrically operated heating device.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates in side view the known arrangement in discharge-electrode supporting insulators forming part of electrostatic precipitators described and illustrated in the US Patent Specification 3 531 918.
  • a discharge electrode 1 is attached to an electrode-support device 2 which extends through a sleeve 3 and an insulator 4.
  • the insulator 4 is located above a cover plate 5, which covers the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the insulator 4 has an upper, horizontally extending plate 6 having provided therein a number of large holes 7. In the illustrated embodiment four such holes are provided.
  • the plate 6 is intended to support and to retain the support device 2, and a further plate 8 is provided for improving the air distribution.
  • This further plate 8 is provided with a number of smaller holes 9, which are located in the vicinity of the holes 7, such that air will pass in essentially laminar flow through the holes 9 and 7, through the insulator 4, and the sleeve 3, and into the electrostatic dust precipitator.
  • a first hood or cover member 10 is placed above the plate 8 and is attached to the horizontal insulator plate 6 so as to define a chamber 11, which is placed under pressure.
  • a non-return valve 12 is provided for causing air in a further chamber 13, defined by a further hood or cover member 14, to enter the first chamber 11.
  • the air is obtained from a source of pressurized air (not shown) connected to the second chamber 13 via a connection 15.
  • Fig. 2 The arrangement according to the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 2, from which it will be seen that the insulator 4 has arranged on the upper part thereof a horizontally positioned plate 16 which is provided with a number of holes 17, the diameter of which is from 10mm to 15mm.
  • the plate 16 also secures the discharge-electrode support device 2, with the aid of a nut 18.
  • the inventive arrangement incorporates one or more devices 20 for generating rotational turbulence, e.g. a vortex-like turbulence, at a location downstream of the first holes 17, when seen in the flow direction "P" of the air flow.
  • rotational turbulence e.g. a vortex-like turbulence
  • eight such turbulence generating devices are positioned symmetrically around the electrode supporting device 2.
  • the present invention particularly proposes the use of a pre-fabricated container 21 which is attached at one end 21 a thereof to the undersurface of the horizontal plate 16, or arranged in the vicinity of said undersurface.
  • the container has a cylindrical shape and is arranged such that all of the aforesaid first holes 17 in the electrode supporting part 2 open into the container.
  • the planar surface 21 b of the insulator part 16 facing away from the container has provided therein a larger number of second holes 22, which open immediately upstream of the turbulence generating device or devices 20.
  • the second holes 22 provided in the surface of the container 21 facing away from the insulator part 16 are greater in number than the first holes provided in said part and have a smaller cross-sectional area than said first holes.
  • the first holes are preferably circular and arranged concentrically in relation to the electrode supporting device 2, in one single row, while the second holes 22 are distributed uniformly over the lower surface 21 b of the conductor 21.
  • the second holes are circular and so positioned that the centre distance between mutually adjacent holes is less than twice the diameter thereof, as will best be seen from Fig. 4.
  • the second holes should not have a diameter greater than 10mm, and preferably have a diameter between 2 and 6mm.
  • the turbulence generating device or devices 20 comprises, or comprise, a plate or plates 23 positioned obliquely to the direction of the air flow through the first holes 17 or the second holes 22.
  • the illustrated plates have an elongated rectangular configuration, it will be understood that the plates may alternatively have a square shape.
  • the container 21 has a circular cross-sectional shape, and an edge part 23a of respective turbulence generating devices extends radially between a discharge-electrode holding device 2 and the periphery 21 c of the container, with the upper surface or edge orientated in the radius of the container.
  • connection 15 illustrated in Fig. 1 means are provided which will enable the air flow through the connection 15 illustrated in Fig. 1 to be modified, since in accordance with the present invention the air flow is much smaller than that required with the prior art apparatus, and consequently the air flow can be supplied continuously via an air-flow heating device 25, comprising a tube which protectively encloses an electronically heated coil 26, around which air is caused to flow, via the connection 15', prior to entering the chamber 13.
  • the reference 27 illustrates a connecting plug for electrical supply voltage.
  • the turbulence generating devices shall be constructed so that when a plurality of air jets (passing through holes 22) strike against the plate 23, the jets are deflected and "roll" along the wall section 4c of the insulator, thereby imparting to the whole of the air mass in the interior of the insulator a clockwise spiralling motion, therewith to cleanse the insulator wall 4a.
  • the air flow to be heated may comprise a previously heated gas flow cleansed in the dust precipitator, thereby reducing to a low level the additional thermal energy which need be supplied through the heating device 27.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Anordnung in einem Isolator, der einen Teil eines elektrostatischen Staubabscheiders (4) bildet und einen Isolatoroberteil (16) umfasst, welcher ein oder mehrere erste Löcher (17) aufweist, durch welche Gas strömen kann, um das Ansammeln von Staub auf den inneren Wandabschnitten des Isolators zu reduzieren oder zu beseitigen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass stromabwärts der ersten Löcher (17) im Isolatoroberteil (16) - gesehen in der Gasdurchflussrichtung - ein oder mehrere Wirbelerzeuger (20) angeordnet sind, die zum Säubern der Isolatorwand (4a) dem Gasstrom oder dem Luftstrom eine spiralförmige Drehbewegung erteilen.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Isolatoroberteil (16) ein Behälter (21) angebracht ist, der eine solche Form hat, dass sämtliche im lsolatoroberteil aufgenommenen ersten Löcher (17) in den Behälter münden; und dass die vom Isolatoroberteil abgewandte Behälterfläche (21b) eine Mehrzahl zweiter Löcher (22) aufweist, die stromaufwärts der Wirbelerzeuger (20) münden.
3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der in der vom Isolatoroberteil abgewandten Behälterfläche aufgenommenen zweiten Löcher (22) grösser ist als die Anzahl der im Isolatoroberteil aufgenommenen ersten Löcher (17), und dass die zweiten Löcher (22) eine kleinere Querschnittsfläche als die ersten Löcher haben.
4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Leitflügel eine flache oder im wesentlichen flache Platte umfasst.
5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Leitflügel in einer Ebene (A) liegt, die zur Bildung eines Winkels von zwischen 20 und 70° zur Gasdurchflussrichtung, vorzugsweise eines Winkels von etwa 45°, ausgerichtet ist.
6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wirbelerzeuger (20) derart ausgebildet sind, dass dem Gasstrom eine im wesentlichen gleichmässig um eine Symmetrieachse des Isolators erfolgende Rotationsbewegung verliehen wird.
7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Löcher (22) kreisförmig sind und so liegen, dass der Abstand von Mitte zu Mitte benachbarter Löcher kleiner ist als deren doppelter Durchmesser.
8..Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Löcher (22) längs der vom Isolatoroberteil abgewandten Behälterfläche gleichmässig verteilt sind.
9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der Wirbelerzeuger (20) grösser ist als vier, aber weniger als zwölf.
10. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (21) kreisförmigen Querschnitt hat und dass sich die Wirbelerzeuger (20) zwischen einem Entladungselektrodenhalter (2) und dem Behälterumfang (21 c) erstrecken.
11. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gasstrom über ein Gasstromheizgerät kontinuierlich zugeführt werden kann.
12. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenfläche des Isolators eine von den Wirbelerzeugern divergierende Form aufweist.
13. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolator derart konstruiert ist, dass er einen Elektrodenträger bildet, vorzugsweise einen Entladungselektrodenträger.
EP87850075A 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters Expired - Lifetime EP0237512B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87850075T ATE53308T1 (de) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in isolatoren eines elektrofilters.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8601124 1986-03-11
SE8601124A SE453159B (sv) 1986-03-11 1986-03-11 Anordning vid en i en elektrostatisk stoftavskiljare ingaende isolator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237512A1 EP0237512A1 (de) 1987-09-16
EP0237512B1 true EP0237512B1 (de) 1990-06-06

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ID=20363779

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87850075A Expired - Lifetime EP0237512B1 (de) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters

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EP (1) EP0237512B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE53308T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3763012D1 (de)
IN (1) IN169463B (de)
SE (1) SE453159B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104619422A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2015-05-13 维美德技术有限公司 电过滤器中的装置及方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9039815B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-05-26 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9238230B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2016-01-19 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US8894745B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2014-11-25 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9073062B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-07-07 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
CN109461550B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2020-05-22 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 一种静电除尘器防污闪瓷绝缘子的清洁装置
CN109317312B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2020-05-15 山东晟鸣新材料有限公司 一种静电除尘器吊挂机构

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE328828C (de) * 1920-01-01 1920-11-12 Paul Kirchhoff Dipl Ing Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erhaltung der Isolation von in staub- oder feuchtigkeithaltigen Gasen befindlichen Isolatoren
US3033918A (en) * 1959-12-19 1962-05-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Supporting insulators for electrofilters
GB1123742A (en) * 1965-03-15 1968-08-14 Svenska Carbon Black Aktiebola Improvements relating to apparatus and process for producing carbon black
SE329596B (de) * 1967-07-31 1970-10-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104619422A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2015-05-13 维美德技术有限公司 电过滤器中的装置及方法
CN104619422B (zh) * 2012-06-28 2017-09-01 维美德技术有限公司 电过滤器中的装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8601124D0 (sv) 1986-03-11
SE8601124L (sv) 1987-09-12
EP0237512A1 (de) 1987-09-16
DE3763012D1 (de) 1990-07-12
SE453159B (sv) 1988-01-18
ATE53308T1 (de) 1990-06-15
IN169463B (de) 1991-10-19

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