EP0237512A1 - Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters - Google Patents

Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0237512A1
EP0237512A1 EP87850075A EP87850075A EP0237512A1 EP 0237512 A1 EP0237512 A1 EP 0237512A1 EP 87850075 A EP87850075 A EP 87850075A EP 87850075 A EP87850075 A EP 87850075A EP 0237512 A1 EP0237512 A1 EP 0237512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holes
insulator
arrangement according
container
gas flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87850075A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0237512B1 (de
Inventor
Lars Bergström
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Secretary of State for Defence
ABB Technology FLB AB
Original Assignee
UK Secretary of State for Defence
Flaekt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Secretary of State for Defence, Flaekt AB filed Critical UK Secretary of State for Defence
Priority to AT87850075T priority Critical patent/ATE53308T1/de
Publication of EP0237512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0237512A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0237512B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237512B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement in in­sulators which form part of electrostatic dust precipi­tators, and preferably to an arrangement in an insula­tor which supports a discharge electrode and which has an electrode attachment and supporting upper part.
  • This insulator part is positioned horizontally and has provided therein one or more first holes through which air can enter the interior of the insulator and pass therealong into the electrostatic precipitator, for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the tendency of dust to collect on the internal wall surfaces of the insula­tor.
  • the invention can be applied with particular advantage to discharge-electrode insulators, it will be understood that the invention may also be applied with auxiliary operating rods and other devices which may influence the voltage supply, e.g. percussion mecha­nisms for cleansing electrodes of dust that has collect­ed thereon.
  • the US Patent Specification Serial No. 3 531 918 teaches an insulator for supporting a discharge electrode of an electrostatic dust precipitator and provided with an electrode supporting part to this end.
  • the supporting part of this known insulator has provided therein one or more first holes through which air under pressure can flow into the dust precipitator, for the purpose of re­ducing or eliminating the collection of dust on the inner wall surfaces of the insulator.
  • the known insulator comprises a cylindrical body which presents an upper planar, horizontal part for co-action with a discharge electrode holding plate.
  • the plate has extending therethrough a number of holes through which air under pressure can enter and pass through the inte­rior of the insulator and down to the electrostatic dust precipitator.
  • a cover member which defines a first chamber having in­corporated therein a non-return valve, or check valve, which is intended to ensure that air will pass solely in one direction, namely down towards the dust precipitator.
  • the cover member, or hood is surrounded by a further cover member, or hood, which forms a second chamber, to which a source of air under pressure is connected through a connecting conduit.
  • the specification discloses a conical insulator which has an upper part that co-acts with a plate having provided therein a plurality of holes which are formed on a cir­cular-arcuate line symmetrically in relation to the in­ sulator.
  • a first chamber can be pressurized with the aid of a valve, so as to enable a stream of air to pass through the holes.
  • This air stream gives rise to back currents, eddy-currents, or vortices and like turbulence, which contribute in carrying impurities from the dust precipi­tator into the interior of the insulator, where they collect on from the frusto-conical interior surfaces thereof.
  • the conical configuration contributes towards forming the enclosure for the narrower end of the first chamber at its upper part, while ensuring a sufficiently wide insulating distance.
  • gas volume shall be understood to include a mixture of gases, such as purely air.
  • a particular problem encountered in this field is one of ensuring that a small volumetric flow of gas through the narrower end of a frusto-conical insulator will flow in solely one direction through the total extent of the in­sulator, in the absence of regions of back-flow capable of carrying dust from the interior of the dust precipi­tator and onto the inner walls of the insulator, such dust particles adhering to said walls in the form of electrically charged deposits.
  • Another technical problem encountered in this field is one of realizing that in spite of a considerable decrease in the requisite gas flow, e.g. a decrease of about 75%, the gas flow used would be sufficient if said flow, sub­sequent to having passed through the holes, could be guided in a manner to create a turbulence, e.g. eddy-­currents or vortices, and then a rotational helical and spiral turbulence about a centre line of the insulator.
  • a turbulence e.g. eddy-­currents or vortices
  • Another technical problem is one of realizing that the aforementioned problems can be solved in existing elec­trostatic dust precipitators, by installing therein a pre-fabricated unit which comprises such turbulence generators capable of imparting rotational motion to the gas.
  • Still a further problem in this regard is one of realiz­ing that when using a pre-fabricated unit and turbulence generating devices in conjunction with first holes in the electrode supporting part of the insulator unit, in the form of a container, shall have provided in the surface thereof remote from said electrode supporting part a plurality of second holes which discharge upstream of the turbulence generators.
  • the second holes in the surfaces of the container remote from the electrode supporting part of the insulator should be present in a greater number and present a smaller cross-sectional area than the first holes locat­ed in said supporting insulator part and should be dis­tributed uniformly adjacent respective turbulence gener­ators.
  • a further technical problem is one of constructing a container having an external configuration which does not present pronounced surfaces, but which presents certain areas that are prone to disturb field strength concentrations, while still creating conditions for providing eddy-current or vortex or like turbulence generating devices in a simple manner.
  • Another technical problem is one of creating, with simple means, turbulence generating devices which, with regard to this particular field, will generate an effective and sufficient rotational turbulence about the centre line of the insulator and, primarily with regard to conical insulators, will create conditions for generating a rota­tional turbulence such as to eliminate thereby the col­lection of dust on the interior insulator walls which diverge towards the interior of the dust separator.
  • effective turbulence generating devices in this particular context can be given a particularly simple form and may comprise, for example, one or more guide vanes.
  • the insulator has an upper part which supports the electrode and facilitates its attach­mental.
  • This electrode supporting and attachment part of the insulator is positioned horizontally and is provided with one or more first holes through which gas can flow into the interior of the insulator and pass therealong and enter the interior of the dust precipitator, there­with to reduce or preferably to eliminate the formation of dust on the inner wall sections of the insulator.
  • turbulence generating de­vices i.e. devices that will generate rotational turbu­lence and which direct a rotary air flow along the inner wall section of the insulator.
  • a pre-fabricated unit in the form of a con­tainer is arranged adjacent the aforesaid insulator part and is attached to the underneath of the horizontal sur­face of said part, and has a form such that all of said first, relatively large holes in said part will discharge into the container.
  • the horizontal surface of the container that faces away from the aforesaid insulator part is also provided with a plurality of second smaller holes, which discharge or open upstream of the turbulence generating devices in the immediate vicinity thereof.
  • the number of second holes provided in the container surface remote from said insulator part to be much greater than the number of first holes located in said insulator part, and for said second holes to have a smaller cross-sectional size than said first holes, and also to be mutually so dimensioned as to create a given over-pressure in the interior of the container, there­with ensuring a uniform exit velocity of the gas flow from all holes in the container.
  • the turbulence generating devices comprise guide vanes which extend obliquely to the direction in which the gas flow passes through the first holes or the second holes.
  • the guide vane may have a particularly simple form, for example a flat rectangular form.
  • the turbulence generating devices are arranged so as to ob­tain a generally uniform rotation of gas flow around a symmetry axis of the insulator.
  • the second holes similarly to the first holes, are of circular cross-section.
  • the holes are circular it is pro­posed that the centre distance, or span, between mutuallyly adjacent holes is less than twice the diameter of said holes.
  • the smaller, second holes will be distri­ubbed uniformly along the hole of the container surface that faces away from the aforesaid insulator part.
  • the turbulence generating devices will suitably be greater than four in number, although preferably less than twelve. It has been found in practice that satis­factory results are obtained with eight such devices.
  • the separate and pre-fabricated unit in the form of a container shall have a circular cross-sectional shape, and the turbulence generating devices will extend be­tween a discharge-electrode holding device and the con­tainer periphery.
  • a limited gas flow shall be supplied continu­ ously to the dust precipitator through said holes and said turbulence generating devices, and the gas flow shall be heated with the aid of heating means herefor, preferably an electrically operated heating device.
  • Figure 1 illustrates in side view the known arrangement in discharge-electrode supporting insulators forming part of electrostatic precipitators described and illustrated in the US Patent Specification 3 531 918.
  • a discharge electrode 1 is attached to an electrode-support device 2 which extends through a sleeve 3 and an insulator 4.
  • the insulator 4 is located above a cover plate 5, which covers the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the insulator 4 has an upper, horizontally extending plate 6 having provided therein a number of large holes 7. In the illustrated embodiment four such holes are provided.
  • the plate 6 is intended to support and to re­tain the support device 2, and a further plate 8 is pro­vided for improving the air distribution.
  • This further plate 8 is provided with a number of smaller holes 9, which are located in the vicinity of the holes 7, such that air will pass in essentially laminar flow through the holes 9 and 7, through the insulator 4, and the sleeve 3, and into the electrostatic dust precipitator.
  • a first hood or cover member 10 is placed above the plate 8 and is attached to the horizontal insulator plate 6 so as to define a chamber 11, which is placed under pres­sure.
  • a non-return valve 12 is provided for causing air in a further chamber 13, defined by a further hood or cover member 14, to enter the first chamber 11.
  • the air is obtained from a source of pressurized air (not shown) connected to the second chamber 13 via a connection 15.
  • the insulator 4 has arranged on the upper part thereof a horizontally positioned plate 16 which is provided with a number of holes 17, the diameter of which is from 10mm to 15mm.
  • the plate 16 also secures the discharge-elec­trode support device 2, with the aid of a nut 18.
  • the inventive arrangement incorporates one or more devices 20 for gen­erating rotational turbulence, e.g. a vortex-like turbu­lence, at a location downstream of the first holes 17, when seen in the flow direction "P" of the air flow.
  • a vortex-like turbu­lence e.g. a vortex-like turbu­lence
  • the present invention particularly proposes the use of a pre-fabricated container 21 which is attached at one end 21a thereof to the undersurface of the horizontal plate 16, or arranged in the vicinity of said undersurface.
  • the container has a cylindrical shape and is arranged such that all of the aforesaid first holes 17 in the electrode supporting part 2 open into the container.
  • the planar surface 21b of the insulator part 16 facing away from the container has provided therein a larger number of second holes 22, which open immediately up­stream of the turbulence generating device or devices 20.
  • the second holes 22 provided in the surface of the con­tainer 21 facing away from the insulator part 16 are greater in number than the first holes provided in said part and have a smaller cross-sectional area than said first holes.
  • the first holes are preferably circular and arranged concentrically in relation to the electrode supporting device 2, in one single row, while the second holes 22 are distributed uniformly over the lower surface 21b of the conductor 21.
  • the second holes are circular and so positioned that the centre distance between mutually adjacent holes is less than twice the diameter thereof, as will best be seen from Figure 4.
  • the second holes should not have a diameter greater than 10mmoles, and preferably have a diameter between 2 and 6mm.
  • the turbulence generating device or devices 20 comprises, or comprise, a plate or plates 23 positioned obliquely to the direction of the air flow through the first holes 17 or the second holes 22.
  • the illustrated plates have an elongated rect­angular configuration, it will be understood that the plates may alternatively have a square shape.
  • the container 21 has a cir­cular cross-sectional shape, and an edge part 23a of respective turbulence generating devices extends radial­ly between a discharge-electrode holding device 2 and the periphery 21c of the container, with the upper sur­face or edge orientated in the radius of the container.
  • connection 15 illustrated in Figure 1 means are provided which will enable the air flow through the connection 15 illustrated in Figure 1 to be modified, since in accordance with the present invention the air flow is much smaller than that required with the prior art apparatus, and consequently the air flow can be supplied continuously via an air-flow heating device 25, comprising a tube which protectively encloses an electronically heated coil 26, around which air is caus­ed to flow, via the connection 15 ⁇ , prior to entering the chamber 13.
  • the reference 27 illustrates a connect­ing plug for electrical supply voltage.
  • the turbulence generating devices shall be constructed so that when a plurality of air jets (passing through holes 22) strike against the plate 23, the jets are de­flected and "roll" along the wall section 4c of the in­sulator, thereby imparting to the whole of the air mass in the interior of the insulator a clockwise spiralling motion, therewith to cleanse the insulator wall 4a.
  • the air flow to be heated may comprise a previously heated gas flow cleansed in the dust precipitator, thereby reducing to a low level the additional thermal energy which need be supplied through the heating de­vice 27.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP87850075A 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters Expired - Lifetime EP0237512B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87850075T ATE53308T1 (de) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in isolatoren eines elektrofilters.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8601124A SE453159B (sv) 1986-03-11 1986-03-11 Anordning vid en i en elektrostatisk stoftavskiljare ingaende isolator
SE8601124 1986-03-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237512A1 true EP0237512A1 (de) 1987-09-16
EP0237512B1 EP0237512B1 (de) 1990-06-06

Family

ID=20363779

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87850075A Expired - Lifetime EP0237512B1 (de) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0237512B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE53308T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3763012D1 (de)
IN (1) IN169463B (de)
SE (1) SE453159B (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014001638A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-03 Metso Power Oy Arrangement and method in electric filter
US8894745B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2014-11-25 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9039815B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-05-26 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9073062B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-07-07 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9238230B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2016-01-19 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
CN109317312A (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-02-12 东莞市启力致尚技术研发有限公司 一种静电除尘器吊挂机构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109461550B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2020-05-22 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 一种静电除尘器防污闪瓷绝缘子的清洁装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE328828C (de) * 1920-01-01 1920-11-12 Paul Kirchhoff Dipl Ing Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erhaltung der Isolation von in staub- oder feuchtigkeithaltigen Gasen befindlichen Isolatoren
US3033918A (en) * 1959-12-19 1962-05-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Supporting insulators for electrofilters
CH443227A (de) * 1965-03-15 1967-09-15 Svenska Carbon Black Aktiebola Verfahren zum Trennen eines Gemisches von Gas und festen Partikeln, insbesondere Russ, mittels eines Elektrofilters und Elektrofilter zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
US3531918A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-10-06 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device in electrostatic precipitators for high voltage system support insulators

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE328828C (de) * 1920-01-01 1920-11-12 Paul Kirchhoff Dipl Ing Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erhaltung der Isolation von in staub- oder feuchtigkeithaltigen Gasen befindlichen Isolatoren
US3033918A (en) * 1959-12-19 1962-05-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Supporting insulators for electrofilters
CH443227A (de) * 1965-03-15 1967-09-15 Svenska Carbon Black Aktiebola Verfahren zum Trennen eines Gemisches von Gas und festen Partikeln, insbesondere Russ, mittels eines Elektrofilters und Elektrofilter zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
US3531918A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-10-06 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device in electrostatic precipitators for high voltage system support insulators

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8894745B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2014-11-25 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9039815B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-05-26 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9073062B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2015-07-07 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
US9238230B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2016-01-19 John P. Dunn Vane electrostatic precipitator
WO2014001638A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-03 Metso Power Oy Arrangement and method in electric filter
US9845952B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2017-12-19 Valmet Technologies Oy Arrangement and method in electric filter
CN109317312A (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-02-12 东莞市启力致尚技术研发有限公司 一种静电除尘器吊挂机构
CN109317312B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2020-05-15 山东晟鸣新材料有限公司 一种静电除尘器吊挂机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE53308T1 (de) 1990-06-15
EP0237512B1 (de) 1990-06-06
SE8601124D0 (sv) 1986-03-11
SE8601124L (sv) 1987-09-12
SE453159B (sv) 1988-01-18
DE3763012D1 (de) 1990-07-12
IN169463B (de) 1991-10-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3211032B2 (ja) 電気集塵装置
US3958962A (en) Electrostatic precipitator
US5395430A (en) Electrostatic precipitator assembly
US4056372A (en) Electrostatic precipitator
US4189308A (en) High voltage wetted parallel plate collecting electrode arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator
US5084077A (en) Apparatus for gas purification
EP0370044B1 (de) Anordnung zur förderung von luft
US6228149B1 (en) Method and apparatus for moving, filtering and ionizing air
US2937709A (en) Gas conditioner
GB1582145A (en) Electrostatic dust collectors
EP0237512A1 (de) Anordnung in Isolatoren eines Elektrofilters
EP0076798B1 (de) Elektrostatischer abscheider mit entladungselektrode von hoher festigkeit
KR960033520A (ko) 전기 싸이클론 집진장치
US1444092A (en) Apparatus for electrical separation of suspended particles from gases
CA1098052A (en) Dust precipitator
WO1992019380A1 (en) Wet electrostatic precipitator and method of using same
CN112892870A (zh) 一种放电结构及除尘装置及空气净化器
CA1320686C (en) Electrostatic precipitator
US4236900A (en) Electrostatic precipitator apparatus having an improved ion generating means
US3988130A (en) Electrostatic precipitator with rapper and pneumatic flow blocking
US4364752A (en) Electrostatic precipitator apparatus having an improved ion generating means
CN210846757U (zh) 一种静电除尘器
GB2147525A (en) Equipment for removal of dusts from industrial gases
JP3313653B2 (ja) 静電集塵機
KR200197635Y1 (ko) 전기 집진기

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19871221

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880116

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19900606

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19900606

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 53308

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19900615

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3763012

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19900712

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19900917

EN Fr: translation not filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19910331

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040310

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20040318

Year of fee payment: 18

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051001

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050310