EP0235017B1 - Process and apparatus for supplying high-pressure carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for supplying high-pressure carbon dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0235017B1
EP0235017B1 EP19870400263 EP87400263A EP0235017B1 EP 0235017 B1 EP0235017 B1 EP 0235017B1 EP 19870400263 EP19870400263 EP 19870400263 EP 87400263 A EP87400263 A EP 87400263A EP 0235017 B1 EP0235017 B1 EP 0235017B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
pressure
carbon dioxide
pump
temperature
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19870400263
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0235017A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Viard
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Carboxyque Francaise SA
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Carboxyque Francaise SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for supplying carbon dioxide under high pressure by means of a high pressure pump, from a storage tank for liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature below room temperature, this method being of the type described in the preamble of claim 1. It applies for example to the supply of C02 under a pressure of the order of 80 to 130 bars.
  • a conventional technique for obtaining CO 2 under high pressure consists in pumping the liquid CO 2 in two stages: a supply pump draws off the liquid, generally stored at -20 ° C., 20 bar absolute, and brings it to an intermediate pressure which is the suction pressure of the high pressure pump.
  • the feed pump works in cold, in severe conditions, and becomes covered with ice, which makes it difficult to work on this pump.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable technique eliminating the drawback in question. To this end, it relates to a process of the aforementioned type, characterized by the content of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an installation intended for the implementation of such a method.
  • This type of installation comprising a storage tank for liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature below ambient temperature; a high pressure pump; an intermediate container entirely situated below the minimum level of the liquid in the tank and connected to the lower and upper parts of this tank; means for maintaining this intermediate container at a given temperature; means for sub-cooling the liquid contained in said container; and a pipe for bringing the sub-cooled liquid to the suction of the pump, is characterized in that said holding means are intermittent heating means; and said given temperature is close to ambient temperature.
  • the installation shown in FIG. 1 is intended to supply, via a pipe 1, the use of liquid CO 2 under a regulated high pressure which is, for example, of the order of 80 to 130 bars, in the vicinity of ambient temperature.
  • It essentially comprises a tank 2 for storing liquid C02 at -20 ° C, 20 bars absolute, of large capacity, two intermediate containers 3 of very lower capacity, for example of the order of 100 liters, a bottle of liquid C02 4 , two centrifugal feed pumps 5, associated respectively with the receptacles 3, a high pressure pump 6, of the volumetric membrane type provided with a regulation device 7, an accumulator 8 and a device 9 for sub-cooling the high pressure liquid .
  • the containers 3 are arranged entirely at a level below the minimum level of the liquid in the tank 2, in practice entirely below the bottom of this tank.
  • the upper part of the tank is connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 10, and the lower part of the tank is connected in parallel to these two containers by lines 11.
  • the bottle 4 is also connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 12.
  • the suction of the pump 6 is connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 13 each equipped with a feed pump 5.
  • a line 14 provided with a throttle (or, alternatively, a calibrated valve) 15 connects the discharge of each pump 5 to the associated container 3.
  • Each container 3 is provided internally with a heating resistor 16 adapted to maintain the content of the container at a constant temperature close to the ambient, for example + 20 ° C.
  • the accumulator 8 is divided into two chambers by a membrane; one of these chambers is connected to a bottle 17 containing an auxiliary gas, for example, nitrogen, under the desired high pressure (set pressure), and the other chamber is connected to the discharge of the pump 6.
  • the operating line 1 leaves from the entrance to this last room.
  • the regulating device 7 comprises a differential pressure sensor 18 which measures the set pressure and the discharge pressure of the pump 6. It sends to a frequency converter 19 a signal representative of the difference between these two pressures, and the frequency converter governed as a function of this signal the speed of the gear motor 20 for driving the pump 6 and / or the stroke of its piston, by increasing or decreasing it following that the delivery pressure is lower or higher than the set pressure.
  • the receptacles 3, the bottles 4 and 17, the pumps 5 and 6 and the accumulator 8 are arranged in a room 21, the temperature of which is maintained continuously at the aforementioned value of + 20 ° C.
  • the pipe 1 is cooled by a few degrees, for example to +10 to + 15 ° C, by the device 9.
  • This device includes a jacket 22 surrounding the pipe 1, a water conditioner 23 and a circulation circuit comprising a pump 24 and adapted to circulate the water against the current of CO 2 in the jacket 22.
  • the upper part of the reservoir 2 is connected to the suction and discharge of the pump 6 by lines 25, and the lines 1, 10 to 13 and 25 are provided with solenoid valves allowing the operation of the installation, which will now be described.
  • the resistors 16 are started up, bringing the liquid contained in the containers 3 to + 20 ° C., with a corresponding increase in pressure but without vapor pressure.
  • the solenoid valves of the conduits 12 are then opened, which puts the liquid contained in the two containers 3 in equilibrium with its vapor, at + 20 ° C., 58 bar absolute, and the pumps 5 are started up.
  • the solenoid valves pipes 13 are closed, a higher pressure is created therein, thanks to the presence of the throttles 15, for example of the order of 70 bars.
  • the liquid C0 2 is therefore sub-cooled, which ensures a single-phase supply of the high pressure pump 6.
  • the solenoid valve of one of the lines 13 is then opened, and the high pressure pump 6 is started up.
  • the latter delivers liquid C0 2 under high pressure in the accumulator 8 and in the line 1, which is purged of the CO 2 gas it contained, and the pressure increases in line 1 to the desired value.
  • This liquid, during its passage in the pipe 1, is sub-cooled by the device 9 on leaving the room 21, which ensures at the outset the recondensation of the gaseous C0 2 which may be in the pipe 1, then a single-phase liquid distribution .
  • the high pressure is maintained at a constant value by regulating the flow rate of the pump 6 by means of the device 7, as described above.
  • the pulsations of the pump 6 are not felt in the pipe 1.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that in FIG. 1 only in the way in which the liquid is sub-cooled on leaving the containers 3. In fact, in this case, instead of increasing its pressure at constant temperature , its temperature is reduced at constant pressure. For this, the pumps 5, the return pipes 14 and their throttles 15 are eliminated, and each pipe 13 passes through a heat exchanger 26 cooled against the current by the water supplied by the device 9 and connected in series with the jacket 22, upstream thereof.
  • liquid C0 2 contained in line 1 can optionally be vaporized to be used in the gaseous state.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé pour fournir de l'anhydride carbonique sous haute pression au moyen d'une pompe haute pressin, à partir d'un réservoir de stockage d'anhydride carbonique liquide à une température inférrieure à la température ambiante, ce procédé étant du type décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1. Elle s'applique par exemple à la fourniture de C02 sous une pression de l'ordre de 80 à 130 bars.The present invention relates to a process for supplying carbon dioxide under high pressure by means of a high pressure pump, from a storage tank for liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature below room temperature, this method being of the type described in the preamble of claim 1. It applies for example to the supply of C02 under a pressure of the order of 80 to 130 bars.

Une technique classique pour obtenir du C02 sous haute pression consiste à pomper le C02 liquide en deux temps: une pompe d'alimentation soutire le liquide, stocké généralement à -20°C, 20 bars absolus, et le porte à une pression intermédiaire qui est la pression d'aspiration de la pompe haute pression. Par suite, la pompe d'alimentation travaille en froid, dans des conditions sévères, et se couvre de glace, ce qui rend malaisées les interventions sur cette pompe.A conventional technique for obtaining CO 2 under high pressure consists in pumping the liquid CO 2 in two stages: a supply pump draws off the liquid, generally stored at -20 ° C., 20 bar absolute, and brings it to an intermediate pressure which is the suction pressure of the high pressure pump. As a result, the feed pump works in cold, in severe conditions, and becomes covered with ice, which makes it difficult to work on this pump.

Le DE-U-83 00 239 décrit un procédé du type précité, dans lequel le récipient intermédiaire sert à sous-refroidir le liquide. Cette technique connue ne permet donc pas d'éliminer les difficultés ci-dessus.DE-U-83 00 239 describes a process of the aforementioned type, in which the intermediate container serves to sub-cool the liquid. This known technique therefore does not make it possible to eliminate the above difficulties.

L'invention a pour but de fournir une téchni- que simple et fiable supprimant l'inconvénient en Question. A cet effet, elle a pour objet un procédé du type précité, caractérisé par le contenu de la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1.The object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable technique eliminating the drawback in question. To this end, it relates to a process of the aforementioned type, characterized by the content of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Suivant des caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention:

  • avant de soutirer le liquide du récipient intermédiaire, on met ce récipient en communication avec une source auxiliaire d'anhydride carbonique gazeux à la pression d'équilibre liquide-vapeur de l'anhydride carbonique à ladite température donnée;
  • on utilise comme source auxiliaire d'anhydride carbonique gazeux une bouteille contenant de l'anhydride carbonique liquide et maintenue à ladite température donnée;
  • on règle en permanence le débit de la pompe haute pression en comparant sa pression de refoulement à une pression de consigne et en modifiant le débit de la pompe dans le sens qui tend à annuler l'écart entre ces deux pressions.
According to advantageous features of the invention:
  • before withdrawing the liquid from the intermediate container, this container is placed in communication with an auxiliary source of gaseous carbon dioxide at the liquid-vapor equilibrium pressure of carbon dioxide at said given temperature;
  • an auxiliary source of gaseous carbon dioxide is used a bottle containing liquid carbon dioxide and maintained at said given temperature;
  • the flow rate of the high pressure pump is continuously adjusted by comparing its discharge pressure with a set pressure and by modifying the flow rate of the pump in the direction which tends to cancel the difference between these two pressures.

L'invention a également pour objet une installation destinée à la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé. Cette installation du type comprenant un réservoir de stockage d'anhydride carbonique liquide à une température inférieure à la température ambiante; une pompe haute pression; un récipient intermédiaire entièrement situé au-dessous du niveau minimal du liquide dans le réservoir et reliée aux parties inférieure et supérieure de ce réservoir; des moyens de maintien de ce récipient intermédiaire à une température donnée; des moyens de sous-refroidissement du liquide contenu dans ledit récipient; et une conduite pour amener le liquide sous-refroidi à l'aspiration de la pompe, est caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de maintien sont des moyens de chauffage intermittent; et ladite température donnée est voisine de la température ambiante.The invention also relates to an installation intended for the implementation of such a method. This type of installation comprising a storage tank for liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature below ambient temperature; a high pressure pump; an intermediate container entirely situated below the minimum level of the liquid in the tank and connected to the lower and upper parts of this tank; means for maintaining this intermediate container at a given temperature; means for sub-cooling the liquid contained in said container; and a pipe for bringing the sub-cooled liquid to the suction of the pump, is characterized in that said holding means are intermittent heating means; and said given temperature is close to ambient temperature.

Des exemples de réalisation de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels;

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une installation conforme à l'invention; et
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue d'une variante de cette installation.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an installation according to the invention; and
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of a variant of this installation.

L'installation représentée à la figure 1 est destinée à fournir par une conduite d'utilisation 1 du C02 liquide sous une haute pression régulée qui est par exemple de l'ordre de 80 à 130 bars, au voisinage de la température ambiante. Elle comprend essentiellement un réservoir 2 de stockage de C02 liquide à -20°C, 20 bars absolus, de grande capacité, deux récipients intermédiaires 3 de capacité très inférieure, par exemple de l'ordre de 100 litres, une bouteille de C02 liquide 4, deux pompes centrifuges d'alimentation 5, associées respectivement aux récipients 3, une pompe haute pression 6, du type volumétrique à membrane munie d'un dispositif de régulation 7, un accumulateur 8 et un dispositif 9 de sous-refroidissement du liquid haute pression.The installation shown in FIG. 1 is intended to supply, via a pipe 1, the use of liquid CO 2 under a regulated high pressure which is, for example, of the order of 80 to 130 bars, in the vicinity of ambient temperature. It essentially comprises a tank 2 for storing liquid C02 at -20 ° C, 20 bars absolute, of large capacity, two intermediate containers 3 of very lower capacity, for example of the order of 100 liters, a bottle of liquid C02 4 , two centrifugal feed pumps 5, associated respectively with the receptacles 3, a high pressure pump 6, of the volumetric membrane type provided with a regulation device 7, an accumulator 8 and a device 9 for sub-cooling the high pressure liquid .

Les récipients 3 sont disposés entièrement à un niveau inférieur au niveau minimal du liquide dans le réservoir 2, en pratique entièrement au-dessous du fond de ce réservoir. La partie supérieure du réservoir est reliée en parallèle aux deux récipients 3 par des conduites 10, et la partie inférieure du réservoir est reliée en parallèle à ces deux récipients par des conduites 11. La bouteille 4 est également reliée en parallèle aux deux récipients 3 par des conduites 12.The containers 3 are arranged entirely at a level below the minimum level of the liquid in the tank 2, in practice entirely below the bottom of this tank. The upper part of the tank is connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 10, and the lower part of the tank is connected in parallel to these two containers by lines 11. The bottle 4 is also connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 12.

L'aspiration de la pompe 6 est reliée en parallèle aux deux récipients 3 par des conduites 13 équipées chacune d'une pompe d'alimentation 5. Une conduite 14 pourvue d'un étranglement (ou, en variante, d'un clapet taré) 15 relie le refoulement de chaque pompe 5 au récipient 3 associée.The suction of the pump 6 is connected in parallel to the two containers 3 by lines 13 each equipped with a feed pump 5. A line 14 provided with a throttle (or, alternatively, a calibrated valve) 15 connects the discharge of each pump 5 to the associated container 3.

Chaque récipient 3 est pourvu intérieurement d'une résistance chauffante 16 adaptée pour maintenir le contenu du récipient à une température constante voisine de l'ambiente, par exemple +20°C.Each container 3 is provided internally with a heating resistor 16 adapted to maintain the content of the container at a constant temperature close to the ambient, for example + 20 ° C.

L'accumulateur 8 est divisé en deux chambres par une membrane; l'une de ces chambres est reliée à une bouteille 17 contenant un gaz auxiliaire, par exemple, de l'azote, sous le haute pression désirée (pression de consigne), et l'autre chambre est reliée au refoulement de la pompe 6. La conduite d'utilisation 1 part de l'entrée de cette dernière chambre.The accumulator 8 is divided into two chambers by a membrane; one of these chambers is connected to a bottle 17 containing an auxiliary gas, for example, nitrogen, under the desired high pressure (set pressure), and the other chamber is connected to the discharge of the pump 6. The operating line 1 leaves from the entrance to this last room.

Le dispositif de régulation 7 comprend un capteur de pression différentielle 18 qui mesure la pression de consigne et la pression de refoulement de la pompe 6. Il envoie à un convertisseur de fréquence 19 un signal représentatif de l'écart entre ces deux pressions, et le convertisseur de fréquence régie en fonction de ce signal la vitesse du moto-réducteur 20 d'entrainement de la pompe 6 et/ou la course de son piston, en l'augmentant ou en la diminuant suitant que la pression de refoulement est inférieure ou supérieure à la pression de consigne.The regulating device 7 comprises a differential pressure sensor 18 which measures the set pressure and the discharge pressure of the pump 6. It sends to a frequency converter 19 a signal representative of the difference between these two pressures, and the frequency converter governed as a function of this signal the speed of the gear motor 20 for driving the pump 6 and / or the stroke of its piston, by increasing or decreasing it following that the delivery pressure is lower or higher than the set pressure.

Les récipients 3, les bouteilles 4 et 17, les pompes 5 et 6 et l'accumulateur 8 sont disposés dans un local 21 dont la température est maintenue en permancence à la valeur précitée de +20°C. A sa sortie de ce local, la conduite 1 est refroidie de quelques degrés, par exemple jusqu'à +10 à +15°C, par le dispositif 9. Ce dispositif comprend une chemise 22 entourant la conduite 1, un conditionneur d'eau 23 et un circuit de circulation comportant une pompe 24 et adapté pour faire circuler l'eau à contre-courant du CO2 dans la chemise 22.The receptacles 3, the bottles 4 and 17, the pumps 5 and 6 and the accumulator 8 are arranged in a room 21, the temperature of which is maintained continuously at the aforementioned value of + 20 ° C. On leaving this room, the pipe 1 is cooled by a few degrees, for example to +10 to + 15 ° C, by the device 9. This device includes a jacket 22 surrounding the pipe 1, a water conditioner 23 and a circulation circuit comprising a pump 24 and adapted to circulate the water against the current of CO 2 in the jacket 22.

Par ailleurs, la partie supérieure du réservoir 2 est reliée à l'aspiration et au refoulement de la pompe 6 par des conduites 25, et les conduites 1, 10 à 13 et 25 sont pourvues d'électrovannes permettant le fonctionnement de l'installation, qui va maintenant être décrit.Furthermore, the upper part of the reservoir 2 is connected to the suction and discharge of the pump 6 by lines 25, and the lines 1, 10 to 13 and 25 are provided with solenoid valves allowing the operation of the installation, which will now be described.

Au départ, on purge tous les circuits par du C02 gazeux à -20°C, 20 bars au moyen de conduites 10, 13, 14 et 25, puis, les électrovannes des conduites 10 restant ouvertes et celles des conduites 12, 13 et 25 étant fermées, on ouvre les électrovannes des conduites 11. Ainsi, par simple gravité, les récipients 3 se remplissent entièrement de liquide, les pompes 5 sont noyées, et le liquide monte jusqu'à un niveau supérieur à celui des électrovannes des conduites 10 et 11.Initially, all the circuits are purged with C0 2 gas at -20 ° C, 20 bars by means of lines 10, 13, 14 and 25, then, the solenoid valves of lines 10 remaining open and those of lines 12, 13 and 25 being closed, the solenoid valves of the lines 11 are opened. Thus, by simple gravity, the containers 3 are completely filled with liquid, the pumps 5 are submerged, and the liquid rises to a level higher than that of the solenoid valves of the lines 10 and 11.

Après fermeture de ces quatre électrovannes, on met en marche les résistances 16, ce qui porte le liquide contenu dans les récipients 3 à +20°C, avec une augmentation correspondante de pression mais sans tension de vapeur.After closing these four solenoid valves, the resistors 16 are started up, bringing the liquid contained in the containers 3 to + 20 ° C., with a corresponding increase in pressure but without vapor pressure.

On ouvre alors les électrovannes des conduites 12, ce qui met le liquide contenu dans les deux récipients 3 en équilibre avec sa vapeur, à +20°C, 58 bars absolus, et l'on met en marche les pompes 5. Comme les électrovannes des conduites 13 sont fermées, il se crée dans celles-ci, grâce à la présence des étranglements 15, une pression plus élevée, par exemple de l'ordre de 70 bars. Le C02 liquide est donc sous-refroidi, ce qui assure une alimentation monophasique de la pompe haute pression 6.The solenoid valves of the conduits 12 are then opened, which puts the liquid contained in the two containers 3 in equilibrium with its vapor, at + 20 ° C., 58 bar absolute, and the pumps 5 are started up. Like the solenoid valves pipes 13 are closed, a higher pressure is created therein, thanks to the presence of the throttles 15, for example of the order of 70 bars. The liquid C0 2 is therefore sub-cooled, which ensures a single-phase supply of the high pressure pump 6.

On ouvre ensuite l'électrovanne d'une des conduites 13, et l'on met en marche la pompe haute pression 6. Celle-ci délivre du C02 liquide sous haute pression dans l'accumulateur 8 et dans la conduite 1, laquelle est purgée du C02 gazeux qu'elle contenait, et la pression augmente dans la conduite 1 jusqu'à la valeur souhaitée. On peut alors ouvrir la vanne de fermeture de cette conduite 1 et utiliser le C02 liquide. Ce liquide, pendant son passage dans la conduite 1, est sous-refroidi par le dispositif 9 à sa sortie du local 21, ce qui assure au départ la recondensation du C02 gazeux pouvant se trouver dans la conduite 1, puis une distribution liquide monophasique.The solenoid valve of one of the lines 13 is then opened, and the high pressure pump 6 is started up. The latter delivers liquid C0 2 under high pressure in the accumulator 8 and in the line 1, which is purged of the CO 2 gas it contained, and the pressure increases in line 1 to the desired value. We can then open the closing valve of this pipe 1 and use the liquid C0 2 . This liquid, during its passage in the pipe 1, is sub-cooled by the device 9 on leaving the room 21, which ensures at the outset the recondensation of the gaseous C0 2 which may be in the pipe 1, then a single-phase liquid distribution .

Dès qu'il y a consommation de CO2 haute pression, le niveau du liquide baisse dans le récipient 3 en service. Dans ce dernier, le liquide, constamment chauffé à +20°C, se vaporise, de sorte que la pression est maintenue à 58 bars sans consommation du C02 contenu dans la bouteille 4.As soon as there is consumption of high pressure CO 2 , the level of the liquid drops in the container 3 in service. In the latter, the liquid, constantly heated to + 20 ° C, vaporizes, so that the pressure is maintained at 58 bars without consumption of the C0 2 contained in the bottle 4.

La haute pression est maintenue à une valeur constante par régulation du débit de la pompe 6 au moyen bu dispositif 7, de la manière décrite plus haut. De plus, grâce à la présence de l'accumulateur 8, les pulsations de la pompe 6 ne se ressentent pas dans la conduite 1.The high pressure is maintained at a constant value by regulating the flow rate of the pump 6 by means of the device 7, as described above. In addition, thanks to the presence of the accumulator 8, the pulsations of the pump 6 are not felt in the pipe 1.

Lorsque le récipient 3 en service est presque vide (ce qui peut se déterminer par une minuterie lorsque l'installation fonctionne en continu), on commute les électrovannes des conduites 13, ce qui met l'autre récipient 3 en service, on arrête la pompe 5 du premier récipient 3, et l'on procède à son remplissage par gravité en C02 liquide à partir du réservoir 2, comme précédemment, après equilibrage des pressions par la conduite 10 associée.When the container 3 in service is almost empty (which can be determined by a timer when the installation is operating continuously), the solenoid valves of the lines 13 are switched, which puts the other container 3 in service, the pump is stopped 5 of the first container 3, and it is filled by gravity with liquid C0 2 from the tank 2, as before, after pressure balancing by the associated pipe 10.

L'installation de la figure 2 ne diffère de celle de la figure 1 que par la manière dont le liquide este sous-refroidi à sa sortie des récipients 3. En effet, dans ce cas, au lieu d'augmenter sa pression à température constante, on diminue sa température à pression constante. Pour cela, les pompes 5, les conduites de retour 14 et leurs étranglements 15 sont supprimés, et chaque conduite 13 traverse un échangeur de chaleur 26 refroidi à contre-courant par l'eau fourni par le dispositif 9 et branché en série avec la chemise 22, en amont de celle-ci.The installation in FIG. 2 differs from that in FIG. 1 only in the way in which the liquid is sub-cooled on leaving the containers 3. In fact, in this case, instead of increasing its pressure at constant temperature , its temperature is reduced at constant pressure. For this, the pumps 5, the return pipes 14 and their throttles 15 are eliminated, and each pipe 13 passes through a heat exchanger 26 cooled against the current by the water supplied by the device 9 and connected in series with the jacket 22, upstream thereof.

Il est à noter que tout ou partie du C02 liquide contenu dans la conduite 1 peut être éventuellement vaporisé pour être utilisé à l'état gazeux.It should be noted that all or part of the liquid C0 2 contained in line 1 can optionally be vaporized to be used in the gaseous state.

Claims (14)

1. A method of supplying carbon dioxide under high pressure by means of a high-pressure pump (6) from a tank (2) for storage of liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature of the type in which an intermediate container (3) is completely filled with liquid carbon dioxide coming from the storage tank (2), this filling being effected by simple gravity; and, whilst keeping the intermediate container at a given temperature, liquid is drawn from this intermediate container and brought to the intake of the pump (6) after having supercooled it, this method being characterised in that:
the contents of the intermediate container are brought to the said given temperature after its filling by gravity and
the said given temperature is close to the ambient temperature.
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that before drawing liquid from the intermediate container (3) this container is placed in communication with an auxiliary source (4) of gaseous carbon dioxide at the liquid-vapour equilibrium pressure of carbon dioxide at the said given temperature.
3. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that a bottle (4) containing liquid carbon dioxide and kept at the said given temperature is used as the auxiliary source of gaseous carbon dioxide.
4. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the delivery of the high-pressure pump (6) is constantly adjusted by comparing its delivery pressure to a reference pressure and by modifying the pump delivery in the direction which tends to cancel the difference between these two pressures.
5. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the liquid withdrawn is supercooled whilst raising its pressure by means of an auxiliary pump (5).
6. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a cooling fluid kept at a lower temperature than the said given temperature, especially water, is used for supercooling on the one hand the liquid drawn from the intermediate container (3) and on the other hand the liquid delivered by the high-pressure pump.
7. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that two intermediate containers are used alternately.
8. An installation for implementation of the method according to Claim 1, of the type comprising:
a tank (2) for storage of liquid carbon dioxide at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature;
a high-pressure pump (6);
an intermediate container (3) positioned wholly below the minimum level of liquid in the tank (2) and connected to the lower and upper parts of this tank;
means (16) for keeping this intermediate container at a given temperature;
means (5, 25) for supercooling the liquid contained in the said container (3); and
a conduit (13) for bridging the supercooled liquid to the intake of the pump (6),
this installation being characterised in that:
the said temperature-maintaining means (16) are intermittent heating means and
the said given temperature is close to the ambient temperature.
9. An installation according to Claim 8, characterised in that it comprises an auxiliary source (4) of gaseous carbon dioxide under the liquid-vapour equilibrium pressure of carbon dioxide at the said given temperature, connected to the intermediate container (3).
10. An installation according to one of Claims 8 and 9, characterised in that it comprises an auxiliary source (17) of gas under the said high pressure, a differential pressure gauge (18) measuring the difference between the pressure of this gas and that of the liquid delivered by the high-pressure pump (6) and a frequency converter (19) supplied by the said gauge with a signal representing the difference between the two pressures and adjusting the pump delivery as a function of this signal.
11. An installation according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the supercooling means comprise an auxiliary pump (5).
12. An installation according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that it comprises a water circuit (9) kept at a lower temperature than the said given temperature, in a heat exchange relationship on the one hand with the liquid drawn from the intermediate container (3) and on the other hand with the pipe (1) for delivery of the liquefied carbon dioxide under high pressure.
13. An installation according to any one of Claims 8 to 12, characterised in that it comprises two intermediate containers (3) operating alternately and interposed in parallel between the storage tank (2) and the high-pressure pump (6).
EP19870400263 1986-02-07 1987-02-05 Process and apparatus for supplying high-pressure carbon dioxide Expired - Lifetime EP0235017B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8601673A FR2594209B1 (en) 1986-02-07 1986-02-07 PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR PROVIDING CARBONIC ANHYDRIDE UNDER HIGH PRESSURE
FR8601673 1986-02-07

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EP0235017A1 EP0235017A1 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0235017B1 true EP0235017B1 (en) 1990-08-29

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US (1) US4751822A (en)
EP (1) EP0235017B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01500047A (en)
AU (1) AU593478B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1304283C (en)
DE (1) DE3764489D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2017503B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2594209B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3001081T3 (en)
NZ (1) NZ219173A (en)
WO (1) WO1987004770A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA87847B (en)

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FR2871549B1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2006-08-04 Air Liquide PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID CARBON GAS AND APPLICATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON GAS
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US20130180620A1 (en) * 2005-01-21 2013-07-18 Andreas Praller Carbon dioxide supply for injection-molding systems
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Also Published As

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FR2594209A1 (en) 1987-08-14
EP0235017A1 (en) 1987-09-02
ES2017503B3 (en) 1991-02-16
AU593478B2 (en) 1990-02-08
FR2594209B1 (en) 1988-05-13
AU6937987A (en) 1987-08-25
ZA87847B (en) 1988-01-27
DE3764489D1 (en) 1990-10-04
JPH01500047A (en) 1989-01-12
GR3001081T3 (en) 1992-04-17
NZ219173A (en) 1988-06-30
WO1987004770A1 (en) 1987-08-13
CA1304283C (en) 1992-06-30
US4751822A (en) 1988-06-21

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