EP0234307B1 - Method and apparatus to compensate for the change in length, in machines for the production and separation of packages, of a foil strip formed from material which shrinks during cooling - Google Patents

Method and apparatus to compensate for the change in length, in machines for the production and separation of packages, of a foil strip formed from material which shrinks during cooling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234307B1
EP0234307B1 EP87101084A EP87101084A EP0234307B1 EP 0234307 B1 EP0234307 B1 EP 0234307B1 EP 87101084 A EP87101084 A EP 87101084A EP 87101084 A EP87101084 A EP 87101084A EP 0234307 B1 EP0234307 B1 EP 0234307B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
station
length
strip
foil strip
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87101084A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0234307A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Rittinger
Dieter Janek
Peter Auer
Rudolf Scheffold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CAMBIO RAGIONE SOCIALE;UHLMANN PAC - SYSTEME GMBH
Original Assignee
Uhlmann Pac Systeme GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Uhlmann Pac Systeme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Uhlmann Pac Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT87101084T priority Critical patent/ATE39452T1/en
Publication of EP0234307A1 publication Critical patent/EP0234307A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0234307B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234307B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/02Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved with means for heating the material prior to forming
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/18Registering sheets, blanks, or webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H20/00Advancing webs
    • B65H20/16Advancing webs by web-gripping means, e.g. grippers, clips
    • B65H20/18Advancing webs by web-gripping means, e.g. grippers, clips to effect step-by-step advancement of web

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for length compensation of a film strip made of a material that shrinks on cooling, in particular a thermoplastic, in machines for producing and separating packs, which in the longitudinal direction through a forming station, a further work station, in particular sealing station , and a separation station of the machine transported film strip by deep drawing and cut out, if necessary after filling and sealing, the film strip being heated before deep drawing and cooling and shrinking on its way between the forming station and the separation station, and whereby changes in the Pack dimensions and the pack spacing at the further work station are automatically recorded and / or compensated for up to a design-related maximum tolerance size without impairing the work process.
  • the film strip undergoes cooling on the way from the forming station to the separating station and thus shrinks in length, which at the further work station, in particular the sealing station, and subsequent stations, such as the separating station, in the transport direction lead to pack spacings and pack dimensions which are essentially constant in each case are large and determine the transport path by which the film strip is moved in cycles through the separation station.
  • This transport route is constant over the machine cycles.
  • the possibility of minor changes in package dimensions and package spacing as a result of the slightly changing shrinkage behavior of the film strip is taken into account by a free tolerance play between the package shape and the working tool, in particular the sealing tool, which is provided in the further work station.
  • Such changes in length can therefore be easily accommodated or compensated for in the work station and do not impair the work process when, for example, sealing the package, as long as they remain smaller than the maximum tolerance size predetermined by the free tolerance play in the work station.
  • the cooling of the film strip between the forming station and the separation station is less when the film strip is transported without interruption than in the case of a transport standstill, in which the piece of tape between the forming station and the separation station has the opportunity to cool down more or even completely to room temperature.
  • the greater cooling in any case during a transport standstill leads to a correspondingly greater shrinking of the length of the piece of tape, which is thus shortened more and thus the packs which follow one another in the transport direction can be brought closer together than in the case of uninterrupted machine operation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned in such a way that the length compensation of the film strip can be set and carried out simply and precisely and the film strip need not be looped between the forming station and the separating station .
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that with the start of the transport standstill, a length of the length L of strip of warm foil strip which is connected to the forming station in the transport direction and extends at least behind the further work station and at most as far as the separation station Position fixed against shifting and stretched to a greater length L 'at its other end and during the standstill time T or even until the band piece has completely cooled, this cooling time T' should be shorter than the standstill time T, kept in the stretched state , the elongation being dimensioned such that the length difference L'-L at the end of the standstill or cooling time T, T 'is essentially only based on purely elastic elongation of the piece of tape still having the original length L when released from the longitudinal tension-free state , and that the piece of tape so many along its length L out t ereinan-
  • the lying packs contain that the changes in the pack dimensions and, above all, the pack spacings caused by the temporary stretching process are each at most as large as the maximum permissible tolerance
  • the piece of tape between the forming station and the cutting station is subjected to a stretching process in the event of a transport standstill, during which it can cool to a lower temperature than during continuous transport, which counteracts the otherwise greater shrinkage of the piece of tape and at the end of the downtime there is a permanent stretching of the piece of tape which has the consequence that the cooler or even completely cooled piece of tape at the end of the downtime has essentially the same length as originally the still warm piece of tape at the beginning of the downtime.
  • the stretching process according to the invention preferably captures the strip areas closer to the forming station, and the stronger the warmer they are.
  • a particularly simple embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that the length difference L'-L of the stretched band section is greater than that on the band section in the case of its longitudinal tension-free state during the standstill or cooling time T, T ', a shortening occurring due to shrinkage and during the standstill - or cooling time T, T 'is kept substantially constant.
  • This particularly simple embodiment is essentially made possible by the effect that the band piece has a greater specific elastic expansion behavior at a higher temperature level than at a lower temperature. This means that with a short downtime, the elastic stretch component is larger and the plastic stretch component is smaller than with a longer downtime, so that with increasing downtime the ratio between the elastic and the plastic stretch component shifts in favor of the latter.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention in this case is that the length difference L'-L of the stretched piece of tape during the cooling process taking place in the downtime T in terms of its size over time in accordance with the temperature-dependent behavior of the properties of the elasticity, shrinking and stretching of the piece of tape Band material is controlled so that it is based at every moment of the cooling process essentially only on purely elastic expansion of the piece of tape that was thought to be released at that moment and still has the original length L in the state without longitudinal tension.
  • the piece of tape can then each can be released from the stretched state at any point in time, and it will always assume the original length L in the state without longitudinal tension.
  • the state of stretching need not be maintained longer than until the strip piece has completely cooled, that is to say no longer than at most the cooling time T ', because thereafter there is no further shrinkage to be counteracted.
  • the method will be expediently carried out in such a way that the piece of tape at its end lying between the further work station and the separating station experiences the positional fixation against displacement and at its end close to the forming station the tensile movement undergoes elongation. Since the piece of tape between this work station and the separating station experiences the smallest changes in shrinkage when the machine is at a standstill, this results in a particularly precise positional fixation of the film strip with respect to the work or sealing station.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-described method on a machine in which the film strip successively passes through a heating station, the forming station, the further work station, in particular the sealing station, which enables the tolerance size for its work process, a feed station transporting the film strip and the separation station, and in which the feed station is arranged in front of the latter in comparison to the path length between the forming station and the separating station.
  • the invention is that for the film strip, a collet arranged in its transport direction behind the heating station in front of, in or behind the forming station and controllable in its attack on the film strip is provided that the collet and the feed station do this when the transport is stopped Grip the film tape without slippage and that the collet or the feed station make the pulling movement to elongate the piece of tape.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment is characterized in that the collet is designed as a driver device which can be moved back and forth once during a machine standstill during a transport standstill by means of a lifting drive with a controllable path and / or force profile, the engagement of which on the film strip can be controlled in such a way that it does so
  • the film strip is only gripped and taken along without slippage during the idle period or until the strip piece has completely cooled down, and that the film strip is held in the feed station against longitudinal displacements when the transport is at a standstill.
  • the driver device effects the stretching process on the piece of tape held in the feed station, the feed station ensuring that the piece of tape cannot move in the separating station.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device is characterized in that the driver device has a counter plate supporting the foil strip and a frame which cross-engages the counter plate and which forms a passage gap for the foil strip with the counter plate, furthermore in the frame parallel to the counter plate and in A slide is slidably guided in the longitudinal direction of the film strip and can be moved back and forth in the guide direction, and that at least one tensioning shoe is provided on the slide, which participates in the slide adjustment and can be adjusted transversely through the passage gap against the counterplate by means of a tensioning drive and which faces one of the film strips Bears the friction lining and, when pressed against the film strip, takes it along in a slip-free frictional engagement in accordance with the slide movement.
  • the tension drive is expediently formed by power cylinders, the pistons of which can be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically against return springs.
  • the linear actuator there are various design options depending on the procedure. If, in particular, the piece of tape is to be jerkily stretched by a predetermined stroke size and then held in this stretched state without any further change, or if the piece of tape is also to be stretched, or only on its own, depending on the force, an embodiment is recommended which is characterized in that for the stroke drive between the frame and the slide are provided with at least one pneumatic or hydraulic power cylinder, which drives the slide with adjustable stroke and / or controllable force against at least one return spring in the direction of the separation station.
  • a device is better suited for a time-dependent path-dependent control of the stretching process, in which, according to the invention, a motor with a cam disk driven by the motor shaft and a rotatably mounted cam roller running on the cam disk are arranged on the frame for the lifting drive, the cam disk in the Time until the band piece completely cools down to room temperature makes a control revolution and drives the slide against the force of return springs in the direction of the separation station.
  • a force dependency can also be introduced into the control sequence in a very simple manner in that a spring element is connected into the power drive chain between the cam roller and the slide.
  • the control of the expansion process can be optimally adapted to all practical requirements by fitting the cam disc and, if necessary, dimensioning the spring element.
  • a film strip designated 1 runs from a supply roll 2 and first through a heating device 3 which heats the film strip 1 to the deep-drawing temperature.
  • the packs in the film strip 1 are deep-drawn in the respective product to be packaged required or desired shape, the packaging shapes thus formed are not shown in the film strip 1 in the drawing for simplicity.
  • the packs are then filled in a filling station 5 with the products to be packaged, such as tablets, pills or other small parts, and the filled packs are then sealed in a sealing station 6, for which purpose a cover film shown at 7 and fed from a supply roll 8 is welded onto the film strip 1 becomes.
  • the film strip 1 and the cover film 7 are cooled in a cooling station 9 to such an extent that an adverse thermal influence on the product can no longer take place.
  • the filled and sealed packs are punched out of the film strip 1 in a separation station denoted by 10 and are separated in this way.
  • the film strip 1 is transported in cycles through the work stations described, starting from the heating station 3 to the separating station 10, for which purpose a feed station 11 provided in the exemplary embodiment in the transport direction of the film strip 1 is used directly in front of the separating station 10. All these described work stations 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 and their effects on the film strip 1 are widely known in the prior art and therefore do not require any further description here.
  • the film 1 is cooled by the cooling station 9 between the sealing station 6 and the separating station 10. Apart from this cooling of the film strip 1 in the cooling station 9, the film strip 1 also loses heat on its way between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10 due to radiation and heat conduction to the surroundings and thereby experiences additional cooling, all of which leads to a lengthwise shrinkage of the film strip 1 leads in this way between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10.
  • the feed station 11 is designed in such a way that the cycle steps with which the filled and sealed film strip 1 is transported through the separating station 10 do not result in misalignments of the packs with respect to the sealing tool in the sealing station and with respect to the punchings in the separating station.
  • the machine comes to a standstill, so that the film strip 1 is stronger everywhere between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10, in particular also the piece of strip 12 having the length L, than with continuous machine operation, with a sufficiently long standstill time T of approx. 1 Minute even to room temperature, the resulting shrinkage of the length of the tape piece 12 would be greater than if the feed took place continuously, so that the greater the shrinkage, the less the distance between the successive packs formed in the longitudinal direction of the film strip and before the machine stopped would.
  • the misalignment between the sealing tool and the packs caused by such machine downtimes in the sealing station is remedied by stretching the still warm piece of tape 12 in any case in its already formed length L between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10 to a greater length L 'and starting the transport standstill is held in the stretched state until the machine starts again or the band piece 12 has completely cooled to room temperature, which takes about 1 minute.
  • the stretch is dimensioned such that the difference in length L '_- L at the end of the downtime T or after the band piece has completely cooled (cooling time T') is based only on elastic stretching.
  • the piece of tape 12 is released so that it becomes free of longitudinal tension, it retains an irreversible stretching portion, which is mediated by the stretching process and is just large enough that the piece of tape 12 also has the original length in the cooler or completely cooled state As in the warm state.
  • the band piece 12 is held in the feed station 11 against longitudinal displacements with respect to the separating station 10.
  • a collet in the form of a driver device 13 is provided, which can be moved back and forth parallel to the direction of transport of the film strip 1 by a lifting drive with an adjustable or time-controllable movement stroke and which in its attack on the film strip 1 so is controlled that it only detects the film strip 1 during the standstill or cooling time T or T 'and takes it slip-free, while the feed station 11 holds the piece of tape 12 at the other end against longitudinal displacements.
  • the entraining device 13 comprises a counter plate 15 supporting the film strip 1 and a frame 16 which cross-over the counter plate, which is closed upwards by a cover 17 and carries clamping pieces 18 comprising the edge of the counter plate 15 on both sides, which have dowel pins 19 on the frame 16 are held and clamped by means of clamping screws 20 against the edge of the counter plate 15, wherein they engage in corresponding blind holes 22 of the counter plate 15 with pins 21 inserted into the clamping pieces 18, so that by actuating the clamping screws 20 provided with hand levers 23, the frame 16 is simple and can be quickly attached to or detached from the counter plate 15.
  • the frame 16 forms with the counter plate 15 a passage gap 24 for the film strip 1.
  • a slide 25 is guided parallel to the counter plate 15 and in the longitudinal direction of the film strip 1 and runs with ball sleeves 26 on guide bolts 27 fixed in the frame 16.
  • the adjustment of the frame 16 in the guide direction is carried out by the controllable lifting drive, which in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4 is formed by two hydraulically or pneumatically actuatable power cylinders 28, to which the pressure medium is fed through connections 29, not shown.
  • the pistons 30 of these power cylinders 28 work against return springs which are installed within the power cylinder 28 and are therefore not recognizable in the drawing.
  • the cylinder housings of these power cylinders 28 are connected by screws 31 to a bracket 32 which is held on the carriage 25 by screws 33.
  • the pistons 30 of the power cylinder 28 are connected to the frame 16 by screws 34.
  • the stroke of the piston 30 and thus the carriage 25 is adjustable in size, namely with the aid of adjusting screws 35 which are guided in the frame 16 and form a stop for the carriage 25, the carriage 25 under the force of the return springs, not shown Adjusting screws 35 abut so that the pressure-medium-actuated displacement of the slide 25 takes place in the direction of the arrow 14, which corresponds to the movement of the slide 25 in the direction of the forming station 4.
  • clamping shoes 36 which participate in the described slide adjustment and can be adjusted transversely through the passage gap 24 against the counterplate 15 by means of two clamping drives.
  • These tensioning drives are also designed as power cylinders 37, the cylinder housings of which are fastened with screws 38 on the slide side facing the film strip 1, the supply of the pressure medium taking place via the connections 39 shown in FIG. 4 with supply hoses, also not shown.
  • the piston connections emerging from the cylinder housings of these power cylinders 37 are designated by 40.
  • the tensioning shoes 36 are fastened to them by means of screws 41.
  • the tensioning shoes 36 lie next to one another in the width direction of the film strip 1.
  • the pistons 40 carrying the tensioning shoes 36 are also raised against the action of return springs, which are likewise not recognizable in the drawing, because return springs arranged within the power cylinders 37 are lifted off the guide plate 15 or the foil strip 1 lying on it, so that the pressing movement of the tensioning shoes 36 against the .
  • Foil tape 1 through the pressure medium supplied via the connections 39 to the power cylinders 37.
  • the mode of operation of the driver device 13 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is such that the tensioning shoes 36 are pressed against the film tape 1 immediately after the film tape transport has come to a standstill, while the carriage is still in its initial position shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the resulting non-slip frictional connection between the tensioning shoes 36 and the film strip 1 has the consequence that the film strip 1 is carried along by the slide 25 exactly by its respective adjustment path.
  • the size of this adjustment path is preset by the adjusting screws 35 in such a way that it results in an elongation of the band piece 12, which compensates for the additional length reduction of the band piece 12 which would otherwise take place when the machine is at a standstill.
  • the tensioning shoes 36 are lifted off the film band 1 again and the carriage 25 is moved back into its starting position, as a result of which the band piece 12 returns to the longitudinal tension-free state and still the original length L as in the warm state at the start of standstill.
  • the size of the actuating force of the power cylinder 28 also allows the tensile force with which the band piece 12 is stretched to be timed.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 differs from that according to FIGS. 2 to 4 essentially in that for the linear drive Instead of the power cylinder 28 on the frame 16, a motor 43 with a cam 45 driven by the motor shaft 44 and a rotatably mounted cam roller 46 is arranged on the slide 25, which rolls on the cam 45 while it is driven by the motor 43 at a single control revolution per machine downtime .
  • the cam plate 45 moves the slide 25 against the force of return springs 47 in the direction of the separating station 10 and back after a specific travel-time function, which results in the stretching process required to compensate for the shrinkage of the piece of tape and through, via the cam roller 46 the curve shape of the cam plate 45 can be optimally adapted to all requirements of the practical case.
  • the curve shape in practice it is only necessary to experimentally test the shrinkage behavior and the amount of elongation required to compensate it for the machine under operating conditions for a few values of the downtime, and then to interpolate the curve shape on the cam disc between these few selected states. what can be done easily and without much time.
  • FIG. 8 differs from that of FIGS. 5 to 7 essentially only in that the cam roller 46 is mounted on a tappet 48 which is guided against a spring member 49 at 50 on the carriage 25 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. Via this spring member 49, the actuating force on the slide 25 and thus the tensile force with which the stretching process is carried out on the band piece 12 can also be influenced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Abstract

1. A process for compensation of the lenght of a foil strip (1) of a material which shrinks upon cooling, in particular a thermoplastic material, in machines for producing and separating packs which are formed by deep drawing in the foil strip which for that purpose is transported in the longitudinal direction through a shaping station (4), a further working station (6), in particular a sealing station (4), and a separating station (10) of the machine, and which are cut out, possibly after the filling and sealing operations, wherein the foil strip (1) is heated prior to the deep drawing operation and experiences cooling and shrinking in its movement between the shaping station (4) and the separating station (10), and wherein variations in the pack dimensions and the pack spacing are automatically absorbed and/or compensated at the further working station (6) without adversely affecting the working operation up to a maximum tolerance value which is governed by construction, characterised in that with the beginning of the stoppage in transportation movement, a strip portion (12) of the hot foil strip (1), which strip portion is of a length L and adjoins the shaping station (4) in the direction of transportation and extends at least to downstream of the further working station (6) and at most as far as the separating station (10), is fixed in position to prevent displacement thereof at its one end and at its other end is stretched to a greater length L' by a pulling effect and is held in the stretched condition during the stoppage time T or only until complete cooling of the strip portion (12) has occurred, if said cooling time T' should be shorter than the stoppage time T, wherein the stretch is such that the difference in length L'-L at the end of the stoppage or cooling time T, T' respectively is based essentially only on purely elastic stretching of the strip portion (12) which is still of the original length L when in the condition of having been released again and being free of longitudinal tension, and that the strip portion (12) includes so many packs which are disposed in succession over the length L thereof that the alterations, which are caused by the temporary stretching operation, in the pack dimensions and in particular the pack spacings, are in each case at most as great as the maximum admissible tolerance value for the working operation in the further working station (6).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Längenausgleich eines Folienbandes aus einem bei Abkühlung schrumpfenden Werkstoff, insbesondere aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff, bei Maschinen zum Herstellen und Vereinzeln von Packungen, die in dem dazu in Längsrichtung durch eine Formstation, eine weitere Arbeitsstation, insbesondere Siegelstation, und eine Trennstation der Maschine transportierten Folienband durch Tiefziehen geformt und, gegebenenfalls nach dem Füllen und Versiegeln, ausgeschnitten werden, wobei das Folienband vor dem Tiefziehen erwärmt wird und auf seinem Weg zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation eine Abkühlung und Schrumpfung erfährt und wobei Änderungen der Packungsabmessungen und des Packungsabstands an der weiteren Arbeitsstation ohne Beeinträchtigung des Arbeitsvorgangs bis zu einer konstruktiv bedingten maximalen Toleranzgrösse selbsttätig aufgenommen und/oder ausgeglichen werden.The invention relates to a method and a device for length compensation of a film strip made of a material that shrinks on cooling, in particular a thermoplastic, in machines for producing and separating packs, which in the longitudinal direction through a forming station, a further work station, in particular sealing station , and a separation station of the machine transported film strip by deep drawing and cut out, if necessary after filling and sealing, the film strip being heated before deep drawing and cooling and shrinking on its way between the forming station and the separation station, and whereby changes in the Pack dimensions and the pack spacing at the further work station are automatically recorded and / or compensated for up to a design-related maximum tolerance size without impairing the work process.

Bei derartigen Maschinen erfährt das Folienband auf dem Weg von der Formstation zur Trennstation eine Abkühlung und damit eine Längenschrumpfung, die an der weiteren Arbeitsstation, insbesondere Siegelstation, und nachfolgenden Stationen, wie Trennstation, in Transportrichtung zu Packungsabständen und Packungsabmessungen führen, die im wesentlichen jeweils gleichbleibend gross sind und den Transportweg bestimmen, um den das Folienband taktweise jeweils durch die Trennstation bewegt wird. Dieser Transportweg ist über die Maschinentakte gleichbleibend gross. Der Möglichkeit geringer Änderungen von Packungsabmessungen und Packungsabständen infolge sich entsprechend geringfügig ändernden Schrumpfverhaltens des Folienbandes wird durch ein konstruktiv in der weiteren Arbeitsstation vorgesehenes freies Toleranzspiel zwischen der Packungsform und dem Arbeits-, insbesondere Siegelwerkzeug Rechnung getragen. Solche Längenänderungen können daher in der Arbeitsstation ohne weiteres aufgenommen bzw. ausgeglichen werden und den Arbeitsvorgang beim beispielsweise Versiegeln der Packung nicht beeinträchtigen, so lange sie kleiner als die durch das freie Toleranzspiel in der Arbeitsstation vorgegebene maximale Toleranzgrösse bleiben. - Die Abkühlung des Folienbandes zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation ist bei unterbrechungslosem Transport des Folienbandes geringer als im Fall eines Transportstillstandes, in dem das Bandstück zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation Gelegenheit hat, sich stärker oder sogar vollständig bis auf Raumtemperatur abzukühlen. Die bei einem Transportstillstand somit in jedem Fall grössere Abkühlung führt zu einer entsprechend stärkeren Längenschrumpfung des Bandstücks, das sich somit stärker verkürzt und dadurch die in Transportrichtung aufeinander folgenden Packungen näher zusammenrücken lässt als im Fall ununterbrochenen Maschinenlaufes. Diese Verkürzung bleibt beim Wiederanlaufen der Maschine erhalten und führt dazu, dass zwischen der vor dem Transportstillstand geformten letzten Packung und der beim Wiederanlauf geformten ersten Packung ein besonders grosser Packungsabstand entsteht. Werden dann bei wieder anlaufender Maschine die im stärker geschrumpften Bandstück befindlichen Packungen versiegelt, treten zwischen den Packungen und dem Siegelwerkzeug zunehmende Versatzfehler auf, die der durch den Transportstillstand entstandenen und nicht wieder behebbaren stärkeren Längenschrumpfung entsprechen und beispielsweise bei einer Weglänge zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation von etwa zwei Meter sich bis zu mehreren Millimetern aufsummieren können. Dies übersteigt die vorerwähnte Toleranzgrösse bei weitem, so dass der Siegelvorgang durch die Versatzfehler beeinträchtigt werden kann, Siegel- überlastungen auftreten und die Packungen sogar beschädigt werden können, bis die beim Wiederanlauf der Maschine zuerst geformte Packung endlich die Arbeits- bzw. Siegelstation erreicht und damit keine Versatzfehler mehr bestehen.In machines of this type, the film strip undergoes cooling on the way from the forming station to the separating station and thus shrinks in length, which at the further work station, in particular the sealing station, and subsequent stations, such as the separating station, in the transport direction lead to pack spacings and pack dimensions which are essentially constant in each case are large and determine the transport path by which the film strip is moved in cycles through the separation station. This transport route is constant over the machine cycles. The possibility of minor changes in package dimensions and package spacing as a result of the slightly changing shrinkage behavior of the film strip is taken into account by a free tolerance play between the package shape and the working tool, in particular the sealing tool, which is provided in the further work station. Such changes in length can therefore be easily accommodated or compensated for in the work station and do not impair the work process when, for example, sealing the package, as long as they remain smaller than the maximum tolerance size predetermined by the free tolerance play in the work station. - The cooling of the film strip between the forming station and the separation station is less when the film strip is transported without interruption than in the case of a transport standstill, in which the piece of tape between the forming station and the separation station has the opportunity to cool down more or even completely to room temperature. The greater cooling in any case during a transport standstill leads to a correspondingly greater shrinking of the length of the piece of tape, which is thus shortened more and thus the packs which follow one another in the transport direction can be brought closer together than in the case of uninterrupted machine operation. This shortening is retained when the machine is restarted and leads to a particularly large gap between the last package formed before the transport stop and the first package formed when restarting. If the packs in the more shrunk band piece are then sealed when the machine starts up again, increasing misalignments occur between the packs and the sealing tool, which correspond to the greater length shrinkage caused by the transport stoppage and cannot be remedied, and for example with a path length between the forming station and the separating station from around two meters to several millimeters. This far exceeds the aforementioned tolerance size, so that the sealing process can be affected by misalignments, seal overloads can occur and the packs can even be damaged until the pack first formed when the machine is restarted finally reaches the work or sealing station and thus there are no more misalignments.

Um diese Versatzfehler zu verringern, ist es bekannt, das Folienband zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation in einer Schleife zu führen und die Schleifenlänge zum Zwecke eines Ausgleichs unterschiedlicher Längenschrumpfungen des Folienbandes zu variieren. Jedoch bereitet die genaue Ermittlung und Einstellung der jeweils richtigen Schleifenlängen in der Praxis erhebliche Probleme. Ausserdem ist eine derartige Führung des Folienbandes hinsichtlich der konstruktiven Ausbildung der Maschine umständlich und aufwendig.In order to reduce these misalignments, it is known to guide the film strip in a loop between the forming station and the separating station and to vary the length of the loop for the purpose of compensating for different length shrinkages of the film strip. However, the exact determination and setting of the correct loop lengths creates considerable problems in practice. In addition, such a guidance of the film strip is cumbersome and complex with regard to the design of the machine.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, dass der Längenausgleich des Folienbandes einfach und genau eingestellt und ausgeführt werden kann und das Folienband dazu zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation nicht in einer Schleife geführt zu werden braucht.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned in such a way that the length compensation of the film strip can be set and carried out simply and precisely and the film strip need not be looped between the forming station and the separating station .

Diese Aufgabe wird in verfahrensmässiger Hinsicht nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass mit Beginn des Transportstillstandes ein in Transportrichtung an die Formstation anschliessendes und mindestens bis hinter die weitere Arbeitsstation und höchstens biszurTrennstation reichendes, die Länge L besitzendes Bandstück des warmen Folienbandes an seinem einen Ende in seiner Lage gegen Verschieben fixiert und durch Zug an seinem anderen Ende auf eine grössere Länge L' gedehnt und während der Stillstandszeit T oder auch nur bis zur vollständigen Abkühlung des Bandstücks, sollte diese Abkühiungszeit T'kürzer als die Stillstandszeit T sein, im gedehnten Zustand gehalten wird, wobei die Dehnung so bemessen wird, dass die Längendifferenz L'-L am Ende der Stillstands- bzw. Abkühlungszeit T, T' im wesentlichen nur noch auf rein elastischer Dehnung des im wieder losgelassenen längsspannungsfreien Zustand noch immer die ursprüngliche Länge L besitzenden Bandstückes beruht, und dass das Bandstück so viele auf seiner Länge L hintereinan- der liegende Packungen enthält, dass die durch den vorübergehenden Dehnungsvorgang verursachten Änderungen der Packungsabmessungen und vor allem der Packungsabstände jeweils höchstens so gross sind wie die für den Arbeitsvorgang in der weiteren Arbeitsstation maximal zulässige Toleranzgrösse.In terms of the method, this object is achieved according to the invention in that with the start of the transport standstill, a length of the length L of strip of warm foil strip which is connected to the forming station in the transport direction and extends at least behind the further work station and at most as far as the separation station Position fixed against shifting and stretched to a greater length L 'at its other end and during the standstill time T or even until the band piece has completely cooled, this cooling time T' should be shorter than the standstill time T, kept in the stretched state , the elongation being dimensioned such that the length difference L'-L at the end of the standstill or cooling time T, T 'is essentially only based on purely elastic elongation of the piece of tape still having the original length L when released from the longitudinal tension-free state , and that the piece of tape so many along its length L out t ereinan- The lying packs contain that the changes in the pack dimensions and, above all, the pack spacings caused by the temporary stretching process are each at most as large as the maximum permissible tolerance size for the work process in the further work station.

Im Ergebnis wird nach der Erfindung das Bandstück zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstation im Fall eines Transportstillstands, während dem es auf eine niedrigere Temperatur als bei durchgängigem Transport abkühlen kann, einem Dehnungsprozess unterworfen, der der andernfalls stärkeren Schrumpfung des Bandstücks entgegenwirkt und am Ende der Stillstandszeit eine bleibende Streckung des Bandstücks ergibt, die zur Folge hat, dass das kühlere oder sogar völlig abgekühlte Bandstück am Ende der Stillstandszeit im wesentlichen dieselbe Länge wie ursprünglich das noch warme Bandstück zu Beginn der Stillstandszeit besitzt. Der erfindungsgemässe Dehnungsvorgang erfasst bevorzugt die näher zur Formstation hin liegenden Bandbereiche, und zwar um so stärker, je wärmer sie noch sind. Dies bedeutet, dass die Bandbereiche um so stärker gedehnt und die ihnen entsprechenden Packungsabstände um so grösser sind, je näher sie zur Formstation hin liegen, da die Bandtemperatur zu Beginn der Stillstandszeit einen längs des Bandstücks von der Formstation zur Trennstation hin abnehmenden Verlauf hat. Jedoch liegen die hierdurch bedingten Änderungen von Packungsabmessung und Packungsabstand innerhalb der maximalen Toleranzgrösse in der mit ihr ausgestatteten Arbeits-, insbesondere Siegelstation, so dass sie den Siegelvorgang in der Siegelstation nicht beeinträchtigen können und lediglich zu Versatzfehlern führen, die unbeachtet bleiben dürfen. Wird also beim Wiederanlaufen der Maschine oder nach vollständiger Abkühlung des Bandstücks, sollte dies früher erfolgen als der Wiederanlauf, das gedehnte Bandstück losgelassen, verkürzt es sich nur um den dann allenfalls noch vorhandenen elastischen Dehnungsanteil und besitzt im wieder längsspannungsfreien Zustand trotz der inzwischen erfolgten Abkühlung im wesentlichen dieselbe Länge wie im noch wärmeren Zustand zu Beginn der Stillstandszeit. Die in Transportrichtung aufeinander folgenden Packungen besitzen bis auf die erwähnten, unter der Toleranzgrenze bleibenden kleinen Änderungen ebenfalls den gleichen Packungsabstand wie beim unterbrechungslosen Maschinenlauf, und im Ergebnis unterscheidet sich das Bandstück trotz seiner stillstandsbedingten stärkeren oder vollständigen Abkühlung bezüglich seiner Längenmasse nicht mehr nennenswert von dem bei durchgängigem Maschinenlauf bestehenden Zustand. Fehler beim Siegeln der Packungen in der Phase des Wiederanlaufs der Maschine werden daher vermieden.As a result, according to the invention, the piece of tape between the forming station and the cutting station is subjected to a stretching process in the event of a transport standstill, during which it can cool to a lower temperature than during continuous transport, which counteracts the otherwise greater shrinkage of the piece of tape and at the end of the downtime there is a permanent stretching of the piece of tape which has the consequence that the cooler or even completely cooled piece of tape at the end of the downtime has essentially the same length as originally the still warm piece of tape at the beginning of the downtime. The stretching process according to the invention preferably captures the strip areas closer to the forming station, and the stronger the warmer they are. This means that the belt areas stretch the more and the corresponding packing distances are the greater the closer they are to the forming station, since the belt temperature at the beginning of the downtime has a decreasing course along the piece of band from the forming station to the separating station. However, the resulting changes in package dimensions and package spacing are within the maximum tolerance size in the work station equipped with it, in particular the sealing station, so that they cannot adversely affect the sealing process in the sealing station and only lead to misalignments that may remain unnoticed. So if the stretched piece of tape is released before restarting the machine or after the band piece has completely cooled, should this be done earlier than restarting, it will only be shortened by the elastic stretch that may still be present and will be free of longitudinal tension despite the cooling in the meantime essentially the same length as in the warmer condition at the beginning of the downtime. The packs which follow one another in the direction of transport, apart from the small changes mentioned which remain below the tolerance limit, also have the same pack spacing as in the case of uninterrupted machine operation, and as a result, despite its greater or complete cooling due to stoppage, the length of the strip no longer differs significantly in terms of its length Consistent machine running condition. Errors in sealing the packs during the restart of the machine are therefore avoided.

Angaben dazu, um wie viel das Bandstück gedehnt werden muss und ob und in welcher Weise die Dehnung zeitlich zu steuern ist, damit das Bandstück seine Länge trotz Abkühlung unverändert behält, sind generell nicht möglich, denn das Schrumpf-, Streck und Elastizitätsverhalten des Bandstückes hängt von zu vielen Faktoren ab, wie beispielsweise Bandwerkstoff und -struktur, Verformungsgrad im Bereich der geformten Pakkungen, Ausbildung der Packungen, Temperaturverlauf längs des Bandstücks, Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit usw., wobei allerdings davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass die vollständige Abkühlung des Bandstücks auf Raumtemperatur bei einem Maschinenstillstand in ca. einer Minute stattfindet. Jedoch können diese Angaben in der Praxis empirisch leicht und schnell ermittelt werden, da es lediglich erforderlich ist, an der Maschine unter Betriebsbedingungen für höchstens einige wenige Stillstandszeiten bis zu maximal einer Minute experimentell diejenigen Dehnungen zu erproben, die zu dem gewünschten Ergebnis führen. Der praktischen Umsetzung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens von Fall zu Fall stehen daher keine Schwierigkeiten entgegen.It is generally not possible to provide information about how much the piece of tape has to be stretched and whether and how the stretching has to be timed so that the piece of tape remains unchanged despite cooling, because the shrinking, stretching and elasticity behavior of the piece of tape depends too many factors, such as the material and structure of the tape, the degree of deformation in the area of the shaped packings, the formation of the packs, the temperature profile along the tape piece, the cooling rate, etc., although it can be assumed that the tape piece is completely cooled to room temperature at one The machine comes to a standstill in about one minute. However, in practice, this information can be determined empirically easily and quickly, since it is only necessary to experimentally test the strains that lead to the desired result on the machine under operating conditions for a maximum of a few downtimes up to a maximum of one minute. The practical implementation of the method according to the invention from case to case is therefore no problem.

Eine besonders einfache Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass die Längendifferenz L'-L des gedehnten Bandstücks grösser als die am Bandstück im Falle seines längsspannungsfreien Zustands während der Stillstands- bzw. Abkühlungszeit T, T' durch Schrumpfung auftretende Verkürzung ist und während der Stillstands- bzw. Abkühlungszeit T, T' im wesentlichen konstant gehalten wird. Diese besonders einfache Ausführungsform wird im wesentlichen durch den Effekt ermöglicht, dass das Bandstück auf höherem Temperaturniveau ein grösseres spezifisches elastisches Dehnverhalten als bei niedrigerer Temperatur aufweist. Das bedeutet, dass bei kurzer Stillstandszeit der elastische Dehnungsanteil grösser und der plastische Dehnungsanteil kleiner ist als bei längerer Stillstandszeit, dass sich also mit wachsender Stillstandszeit das Verhältnis zwischen dem elastischen und dem plastischen Dehnungsanteil zugunsten des letzteren zunehmend verschiebt. In der Regel ist diese einfache Verfahrensführung allerdings nur möglich, wenn die Stillstandszeit T von einer immer gleichen, fest vorgegebenen Dauer oder immer länger als die für die vollständige Abkühlung des Bandstücks auf Raumtemperatur benötigte Abkühlungszeit T' ist. In der Praxis wird aber der Fall von Stillstandszeiten unbestimmter, weil nicht jeweils vorhersehbarer Dauer viel häufiger sein. Eine für diesen Fall bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Längendifferenz L'-L des gedehnten Bandstücks während des in der Stillstandszeit T stattfindenden Abkühlungsvorgangs in ihrer Grösse zeitlich entsprechend dem temperaturabhängigen Verhalten der die Elastizität, das Schrumpfen und Strecken des Bandstücks bestimmenden Eigenschaften des Bandwerkstoffes so gesteuert wird, dass sie in jedem Augenblick des Abkühlungsvorgangs im wesentlichen nur auf rein elastischer Dehnung des in diesem Augenblick losgelassen gedachten und im dann längsspannungsfreien Zustand noch immer die ursprüngliche Länge L besitzenden Bandstücks beruht. Im Ergebnis kann dann das Bandstück zu jedem beliebigen Zeitpunkt aus dem gedehnten Zustand losgelassen werden, und es wird dabei immer im dann wieder längsspannungsfreien Zustand die ursprüngliche Länge L annehmen. Selbstverständlich braucht dabei allerdings der Dehnungszustand nicht länger als bis zur vollständigen Abkühlung des Bandstücks, also nicht länger als höchstens die Abkühlungszeit T', aufrecht erhalten zu werden, weil danach keine Schrumpfung mehrstattfindet, der entgegenzuwirken wäre.A particularly simple embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in that the length difference L'-L of the stretched band section is greater than that on the band section in the case of its longitudinal tension-free state during the standstill or cooling time T, T ', a shortening occurring due to shrinkage and during the standstill - or cooling time T, T 'is kept substantially constant. This particularly simple embodiment is essentially made possible by the effect that the band piece has a greater specific elastic expansion behavior at a higher temperature level than at a lower temperature. This means that with a short downtime, the elastic stretch component is larger and the plastic stretch component is smaller than with a longer downtime, so that with increasing downtime the ratio between the elastic and the plastic stretch component shifts in favor of the latter. As a rule, however, this simple procedure is only possible if the standstill time T is always of the same, fixed predetermined duration or is always longer than the cooling time T 'required for the complete cooling of the piece of tape to room temperature. In practice, however, the case of downtimes becomes more indefinite because the duration is not always predictable. A preferred embodiment of the invention in this case is that the length difference L'-L of the stretched piece of tape during the cooling process taking place in the downtime T in terms of its size over time in accordance with the temperature-dependent behavior of the properties of the elasticity, shrinking and stretching of the piece of tape Band material is controlled so that it is based at every moment of the cooling process essentially only on purely elastic expansion of the piece of tape that was thought to be released at that moment and still has the original length L in the state without longitudinal tension. As a result, the piece of tape can then each can be released from the stretched state at any point in time, and it will always assume the original length L in the state without longitudinal tension. Of course, however, the state of stretching need not be maintained longer than until the strip piece has completely cooled, that is to say no longer than at most the cooling time T ', because thereafter there is no further shrinkage to be counteracted.

Im übrigen wird man das Verfahren zweckmässig so ausführen, dass das Bandstück an seinem zwischen der weiteren Arbeitsstation und der Trennstation liegenden Ende die Lagefixierung gegen Verschieben und an seinem dicht an der Formstation liegenden Ende die Zugbewegung zur Längendehnung erfährt. Da das Bandstück zwischen dieser Arbeitsstation und der Trennstation die geringsten Schrumpfungsänderungen bei einem Maschinenstillstand erfährt, ergibt sich auf diese Weise eine besonders exakte Lagefixierung des Folienbandes in bezug auf die Arbeits- bzw. Siegelstation.Otherwise, the method will be expediently carried out in such a way that the piece of tape at its end lying between the further work station and the separating station experiences the positional fixation against displacement and at its end close to the forming station the tensile movement undergoes elongation. Since the piece of tape between this work station and the separating station experiences the smallest changes in shrinkage when the machine is at a standstill, this results in a particularly precise positional fixation of the film strip with respect to the work or sealing station.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des vorbeschriebenen Verfahrens an einer Maschine, bei der das Folienband nacheinander eine Heizstation, die Formstation, die die Toleranzgrösse für ihren Arbeitsvorgang ermöglichende weitere Arbeitsstation, insbesondere Siegelstation, eine das Folienband transportierende Vorschubstation und die Trennstation durchläuft, und bei der die Vorschubstation im Vergleich zur Weglänge zwischen der Formstation und der Trennstationdichtvorder letzteren angeordnet ist.The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-described method on a machine in which the film strip successively passes through a heating station, the forming station, the further work station, in particular the sealing station, which enables the tolerance size for its work process, a feed station transporting the film strip and the separation station, and in which the feed station is arranged in front of the latter in comparison to the path length between the forming station and the separating station.

Bei einer solchen Vorrichtung besteht die Erfindung darin, dass für das Folienband eine in seiner Transportrichtung hinter der Heizstation dicht vor, in oder hinter der Formstation angeordnete, in ihrem Angriff am Folienband steuerbare Spannzange vorgesehen ist, dass bei einem Transportstillstand die Spannzange und die Vorschubstation das Folienband schlupffrei fassen und dass die Spannzange oder die Vorschubstation die Zugbewegung zur Längendehnung des Bandstücks ausführen. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannzange als eine bei einem Transportstillstand durch einen Hubantrieb mit steuerbarem Weg- und/oder Kraftverlauf einmal während eines Maschinenstillstands hin- und herbewegbare Mitnehmereinrichtung ausgebildet ist, deren Angriff am Folienband so steuerbar ist, dass sie das Folienband nur während der Stillstandszeit oder bis zur vollständigen Abkühlung des Bandstücks erfasst und schlupffrei mitnimmt, und dass in der Vorschubstation das Folienband bei Transportstillstand gegen Längsverschiebungen festgehalten ist. Die Mitnehmereinrichtung bewirkt den Dehnungsvorgang an dem in der Vorschubstation festgehaltenen Bandstück, wobei die Vorschubstation gewährleistet, dass sich das Bandstück in der Trennstation nicht verschieben kann.In such a device, the invention is that for the film strip, a collet arranged in its transport direction behind the heating station in front of, in or behind the forming station and controllable in its attack on the film strip is provided that the collet and the feed station do this when the transport is stopped Grip the film tape without slippage and that the collet or the feed station make the pulling movement to elongate the piece of tape. A particularly preferred embodiment is characterized in that the collet is designed as a driver device which can be moved back and forth once during a machine standstill during a transport standstill by means of a lifting drive with a controllable path and / or force profile, the engagement of which on the film strip can be controlled in such a way that it does so The film strip is only gripped and taken along without slippage during the idle period or until the strip piece has completely cooled down, and that the film strip is held in the feed station against longitudinal displacements when the transport is at a standstill. The driver device effects the stretching process on the piece of tape held in the feed station, the feed station ensuring that the piece of tape cannot move in the separating station.

In konstruktiver Hinsicht ist eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mitnehmereinrichtung eine das Folienband abstützende Gegenplatte und einen die Gegenplatte quer übergreifenden Rahmen aufweist, der mit der Gegenplatte einen Durchtrittsspalt für das Folienband bildet, dass ferner im Rahmen parallel zur Gegenplatte und in Längsrichtung des Folienbandes verschiebbar ein Schlitten geführt und in Führungsrichtung durch den Hubantrieb hin- und herbewegbar ist, und dass am Schlitten mindestens ein an der Schlittenverstellung teilnehmender und quer durch den Durchtrittsspalt gegen die Gegenplatte mittels eines Spannantriebs anstellbarer Spannschuh vorgesehen ist, der einen dem Folienband zugewandten Reibbelag trägt und im gegen das Folienband angedrückten Zustand dieses in schlupffreiem Reibungsschluss entsprechend der Schlittenbewegung mitnimmt. Zweckmässig ist der Spannantrieb von Kraftzylindern gebildet, deren Kolben gegen Rückstellfedern hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigbar sind.In terms of design, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device is characterized in that the driver device has a counter plate supporting the foil strip and a frame which cross-engages the counter plate and which forms a passage gap for the foil strip with the counter plate, furthermore in the frame parallel to the counter plate and in A slide is slidably guided in the longitudinal direction of the film strip and can be moved back and forth in the guide direction, and that at least one tensioning shoe is provided on the slide, which participates in the slide adjustment and can be adjusted transversely through the passage gap against the counterplate by means of a tensioning drive and which faces one of the film strips Bears the friction lining and, when pressed against the film strip, takes it along in a slip-free frictional engagement in accordance with the slide movement. The tension drive is expediently formed by power cylinders, the pistons of which can be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically against return springs.

Bezüglich des Hubantriebs bestehen je nach Verfahrensführung verschiedene Ausführungsmöglichkeiten. Soll insbesondere das Bandstück nur ruckartig um eine vorgegebene Hubgrösse gedehnt und dann ohne weitere Änderung in diesem Dehnungszustand festgehalten werden, oder soll das Bandstück auch oder nur allein kraftabhängig gedehnt werden, so empfiehlt sich eine Ausführungsform, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass für den Hubantrieb zwischen dem Rahmen und dem Schlitten mindestens ein pneumatischer oder hydraulischer Kraftzylinder vorgesehen ist, der mit einstellbarem Hub und/oder steuerbarer Kraft den Schlitten gegen mindestens eine Rückstellfeder in von der Trennstation fortgerichteter Bewegung antreibt. Für eine sich zeitlich ändernde wegabhängige Steuerung des Dehnungsvorganges ist dagegen besser eine Vorrichtung geeignet, bei der erfindungsgemässfürden Hubantrieb am Rahmen ein Motor mit von der Motorwelle angetriebener Kurvenscheibe und am Schlitten eine drehbar gelagerte, an der Kurvenscheibe ablaufende Kurvenrolle angeordnet ist, wobei die Kurvenscheibe in der Zeit bis zur vollständigen Abkühlung des Bandstücks auf Raumtemperatur eine Steuerumdrehung ausführt und den Schlitten gegen die Kraft von Rückstellfedern in von der Trennstation fortgerichteter Bewegung antreibt. Selbstverständlich liegt es auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, den Motor mit der Kurvenscheibe und die Kurvenrolle an Rahmen und Schlitten zu vertauschen. In beiden Fällen kann ebenfalls eine Kraftabhängigkeit in den Steuerungsablauf dadurch sehr einfach eingeführt werden, dass in die Kraftantriebskette zwischen der Kurvenrolle und dem Schlitten ein Federglied eingeschaltet ist. Durch passende Gestalt der Kurvenscheibe und gegebenenfalls Bemessung des Federgliedes kann die Steuerung des Dehnungsvorgangs allen Erfordernissen der Praxis optimal angepasst werden.With regard to the linear actuator, there are various design options depending on the procedure. If, in particular, the piece of tape is to be jerkily stretched by a predetermined stroke size and then held in this stretched state without any further change, or if the piece of tape is also to be stretched, or only on its own, depending on the force, an embodiment is recommended which is characterized in that for the stroke drive between the frame and the slide are provided with at least one pneumatic or hydraulic power cylinder, which drives the slide with adjustable stroke and / or controllable force against at least one return spring in the direction of the separation station. On the other hand, a device is better suited for a time-dependent path-dependent control of the stretching process, in which, according to the invention, a motor with a cam disk driven by the motor shaft and a rotatably mounted cam roller running on the cam disk are arranged on the frame for the lifting drive, the cam disk in the Time until the band piece completely cools down to room temperature makes a control revolution and drives the slide against the force of return springs in the direction of the separation station. Of course, it is also within the scope of the invention to interchange the motor with the cam disc and the cam roller on the frame and slide. In both cases, a force dependency can also be introduced into the control sequence in a very simple manner in that a spring element is connected into the power drive chain between the cam roller and the slide. The control of the expansion process can be optimally adapted to all practical requirements by fitting the cam disc and, if necessary, dimensioning the spring element.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert; es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine rein schematische Darstellung einer zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeigneten Verpackungsmaschine,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine bei der Maschine nach Fig. 1 zum Einsatz kommende, zur Dehnung des Folienbandes dienende Mitnehmereinrichtung in einer zur Ebene des Folienbandes senkrechten Draufsicht, teilweise im Schnitt,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt in Richtung 111 - 111 durch den Gegenstand der Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt in Richtung IV - IV durch den Gegenstand der Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 5 eine andere Ausführungsform der Mitnehmereinrichtung in einer der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Darstellungsweise,
  • Fig. 6 den Gegenstand der Fig. 5 in der Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 7 den Gegenstand der Fig. 5 und 6 in der Darstellung gemäss Fig. 4, und
  • Fig. 8 eine geänderte Ausführungsform des Gegenstands der Fig. 5 bis 7 in einer der Fig. 5 entsprechenden Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing; show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a purely schematic representation of a for performing the inventive Ver suitable packaging machine,
  • 2 shows a top view of a driver device used to stretch the film strip used in the machine according to FIG. 1 in a plan view perpendicular to the plane of the film strip, partly in section,
  • 3 shows a section in the direction 111-111 through the object of FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows a section in the direction IV-IV through the object of FIG. 2,
  • 5 shows another embodiment of the driver device in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2,
  • 6 shows the subject of FIG. 5 in the representation corresponding to FIG. 3,
  • 7 shows the subject of FIGS. 5 and 6 in the representation according to FIG. 4, and
  • 8 shows a modified embodiment of the object of FIGS. 5 to 7 in a representation corresponding to FIG. 5.

In Fig. 1 läuft ein mit 1 bezeichnetes Folienband von einer Vorratsrolle 2 ab und zunächst durch eine das Folienband 1 auf Tiefziehtemperatur erwärmende Heizvorrichtung 3. In einer daran anschliessenden Formstation 4 werden im Folienband 1 durch Tiefziehen die Packungen in der jeweils für das zu verpackende Produkt benötigten oder gewünschten Form ausgebildet, wobei in der Zeichnung der Einfachheit wegen die so ausgebildeten Packungsformen im Folienband 1 nicht dargestellt sind. Die Packungen werden anschliessend in einer Füllstation 5 mit den zu verpackenden Produkten, wie Tabletten, Pillen oder anderen Kleinteilen gefüllt und die gefüllten Packungen anschliessend in einer Siegelstation 6 verschlossen, wozu eine bei 7 dargestellte und von einer Vorratsrolle 8 zugeführte Deckfolie auf das Folienband 1 aufgeschweisst wird. Unmittelbar anschliessend an die Siegelstation 6 werden das Folienband 1 un die Deckfolie 7 in einer Kühlstation 9 soweit abgekühlt, dass eine nachteilige thermische Produktbeeinflussung nicht mehr stattfinden kann. Die gefüllten und versiegelten Packungen werden in einer mit 10 bezeichneten Trennstation aus dem Folienband 1 ausgestanzt und auf diese Weise vereinzelt. - Das Folienband 1 wird im Ausführungsbeispiel taktweise durch die beschriebenen Arbeitsstationen, beginnend von der Heizstation 3 bis zur Trennstation 10, transportiert, wozu eine im Ausführungsbeispiel in Transportrichtung des Folienbandes 1 unmittelbar vor der Trennstation 10 vorgesehene Vorschubstation 11 dient. Alle diese beschriebenen Arbeitsstationen 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 und 11 und ihre Einwirkungen auf das Folienband 1 sind im Stand der Technik vielfach bekannt und bedürfen daher hier keiner weiteren Beschreibung.In Fig. 1, a film strip designated 1 runs from a supply roll 2 and first through a heating device 3 which heats the film strip 1 to the deep-drawing temperature. In a subsequent forming station 4, the packs in the film strip 1 are deep-drawn in the respective product to be packaged required or desired shape, the packaging shapes thus formed are not shown in the film strip 1 in the drawing for simplicity. The packs are then filled in a filling station 5 with the products to be packaged, such as tablets, pills or other small parts, and the filled packs are then sealed in a sealing station 6, for which purpose a cover film shown at 7 and fed from a supply roll 8 is welded onto the film strip 1 becomes. Immediately following the sealing station 6, the film strip 1 and the cover film 7 are cooled in a cooling station 9 to such an extent that an adverse thermal influence on the product can no longer take place. The filled and sealed packs are punched out of the film strip 1 in a separation station denoted by 10 and are separated in this way. - In the exemplary embodiment, the film strip 1 is transported in cycles through the work stations described, starting from the heating station 3 to the separating station 10, for which purpose a feed station 11 provided in the exemplary embodiment in the transport direction of the film strip 1 is used directly in front of the separating station 10. All these described work stations 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 and their effects on the film strip 1 are widely known in the prior art and therefore do not require any further description here.

Durch die Kühlstation 9 erfährt das Folienband 1 zwischen der Siegelstation 6 und der Trennstation 10 eine Abkühlung. Abgesehen von dieser Kühlung des Folienbandes 1 in der Kühlstation 9 verliert das Folienband 1 auf seinem Weg zwischen der Formstation 4 und der Trennstation 10 auch durch Abstrahlung und Wärmeleitung an die Umgebung Wärme und erfährt dadurch eine zusätzliche Abkühlung, was alles insgesamt zu einer Längenschrumpfung des Folienbandes 1 auf diesem Wege zwischen der Formstation 4 und der Trennstation 10 führt. Die Vorschubstation 11 ist so ausgebildet, dass die Taktschritte, mit welchen das gefüllte und versiegelte Folienband 1 durch die Trennstation 10 transportiert wird, keine Versatzfehler der Packungen gegenüber dem Siegelwerkzeug in der Siegelstation und gegenüber den Stanzungen in der Trennstation ergeben. Tritt aber ein Stillstand der Maschine ein, so dass sich das Folienband 1 überall zwischen der Formstation 4 und der Trennstation 10, insbesondere also auch das die Länge L besitzende Bandstück 12, stärker als bei durchgängigem Maschinenlauf, bei ausreichend langer Stillstandszeit T von ca. 1 Minute sogar bis auf Raumtemperatur, abkühlen kann, würde die dadurch stattfindende Längenschrumpfung des Bandstücks 12 grösser als bei ununterbrochen stattfindendem Vorschub, so dass sich mit der stärkeren Schrumpfung auch der Abstand zwischen den in Längsrichtung des Folienbandes aufeinander folgenden, noch vor dem Maschinenstillstand geformten Packungen verringern würde. Läuft dann die Maschine wieder an, wird die stärkere Schrumpfung des Bandstücks 12 nicht wieder behoben, was zur Folge hätte, dass das Bandstück 12 mit kürzeren Abständen zwischen den aufeinander folgenden Packungen die Siegelstation 6 durchläuft, so dass in der Grösse von Pakkung zu Packung zunehmende Versatzfehler gegenüber dem Siegelwerkzeug auftreten würden, bis schliesslich die nach dem Wiederanlaufen in der Formstation 4 erstgebildete Packung in die Siegelstation 6 eintritt und von dann an wieder die dem fortlaufenden Maschinenbetrieb entsprechenden Verhältnisse bestehen.The film 1 is cooled by the cooling station 9 between the sealing station 6 and the separating station 10. Apart from this cooling of the film strip 1 in the cooling station 9, the film strip 1 also loses heat on its way between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10 due to radiation and heat conduction to the surroundings and thereby experiences additional cooling, all of which leads to a lengthwise shrinkage of the film strip 1 leads in this way between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10. The feed station 11 is designed in such a way that the cycle steps with which the filled and sealed film strip 1 is transported through the separating station 10 do not result in misalignments of the packs with respect to the sealing tool in the sealing station and with respect to the punchings in the separating station. However, if the machine comes to a standstill, so that the film strip 1 is stronger everywhere between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10, in particular also the piece of strip 12 having the length L, than with continuous machine operation, with a sufficiently long standstill time T of approx. 1 Minute even to room temperature, the resulting shrinkage of the length of the tape piece 12 would be greater than if the feed took place continuously, so that the greater the shrinkage, the less the distance between the successive packs formed in the longitudinal direction of the film strip and before the machine stopped would. If the machine then starts up again, the greater shrinkage of the tape piece 12 is not remedied, which would have the consequence that the tape piece 12 passes through the sealing station 6 with shorter intervals between the successive packs, so that the size increases from pack to pack Misalignments with respect to the sealing tool would occur until finally the package first formed after restarting in the molding station 4 enters the sealing station 6 and from then on the conditions corresponding to the continuous machine operation again exist.

Die durch derartige Maschinenstillstände in der Siegelstation verursachten Versatzfehler zwischen Siegelwerkzeug und Packungen werden dadurch behoben, dass mit Beginn des Transportstillstands das noch warme Bandstück 12 jedenfalls in seiner schon geformten Länge L zwischen der Formstation 4 und der Trennstation 10 auf eine grössere Länge L' gedehnt und im gedehnten Zustand gehalten wird, bis die Maschine wieder anläuft oder sich das Bandstück 12 vollständig auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt hat, was etwa 1 Minute in Anspruch nimmt. Die Dehnung wird dabei so bemessen, dass die Längendifferenz L'_-L am Ende der Stillstandszeit T bzw. nach vollständiger Abkühlung des Bandstücks (Abkühlungszeit T') nur noch auf elastischer Dehnung beruht. Wird also nach der Zeit T oder T' das Bandstück 12 losgelassen, so dass es längsspannungsfrei wird, behält es einen durch den Dehnungsvorgang vermittelten irreversiblen Streckungsanteil, der gerade so gross ist, dass das Bandstück 12 auch im kühleren oder vollständig abgekühlten Zustand die ursprüngliche Länge Lwie im warmen Zustand besitzt. Während des Dehnungsvorgangs wird das Bandstück 12 in der Vorschubstation 11 gegen Längsverschiebungen in bezug auf die Trennstation 10 festgehalten. Zur Dehnung des Bandstücks 12 ist an seinem anderen Ende in Transportrichtung dicht hinter der Formstation 4 eine Spannzange in Form einer Mitnehmereinrichtung 13 vorgesehen, die durch einen Hubantrieb mit in der Grösse einstellbarem oder zeitlich steuerbarem Bewegungshub parallel zur Transportrichtung des Folienbandes 1 einmal während eines Maschinenstillstands hin-und herbewegbar ist und die in ihrem Angriff am Folienband 1 so gesteuert wird, dass sie das Folienband 1 nur während der Stillstands- oder Abkühlungszeit T bzw. T' erfasst und schlupffrei mitnimmt, während die Vorschubstation 11 das Bandstück 12 am anderen Ende gegen Längsverschiebungen festhält.The misalignment between the sealing tool and the packs caused by such machine downtimes in the sealing station is remedied by stretching the still warm piece of tape 12 in any case in its already formed length L between the forming station 4 and the separating station 10 to a greater length L 'and starting the transport standstill is held in the stretched state until the machine starts again or the band piece 12 has completely cooled to room temperature, which takes about 1 minute. The stretch is dimensioned such that the difference in length L '_- L at the end of the downtime T or after the band piece has completely cooled (cooling time T') is based only on elastic stretching. If, after the time T or T ', the piece of tape 12 is released so that it becomes free of longitudinal tension, it retains an irreversible stretching portion, which is mediated by the stretching process and is just large enough that the piece of tape 12 also has the original length in the cooler or completely cooled state As in the warm state. During the stretching process, the band piece 12 is held in the feed station 11 against longitudinal displacements with respect to the separating station 10. To stretch the band piece 12 is tight at its other end in the transport direction Behind the forming station 4, a collet in the form of a driver device 13 is provided, which can be moved back and forth parallel to the direction of transport of the film strip 1 by a lifting drive with an adjustable or time-controllable movement stroke and which in its attack on the film strip 1 so is controlled that it only detects the film strip 1 during the standstill or cooling time T or T 'and takes it slip-free, while the feed station 11 holds the piece of tape 12 at the other end against longitudinal displacements.

Im einzelnen umfasst die Mitnehmereinrichtung 13 eine das Folienband 1 abstützende Gegenplatte 15 und einen die Gegenplatte quer übergreifenden Rahmen 16, der durch eine Abdeckung 17 nach oben geschlossen ist und beidseits den Rand der Gegenplatte 15 umfassende Klemmstücke 18 trägt, die mit Passstiften 19 am Rahmen 16 gehalten und mittels Klemmschrauben 20 gegen den Rand der Gegenplatte 15 verspannbar sind, wobei sie mit in die Spannstücke 18 eingelassenen Stiften 21 in entsprechende Sacklöcher 22 der Gegenplatte 15 eingreifen, so dass durch Betätigen der dazu mit Handhebeln 23 versehenen Klemmschrauben 20 der Rahmen 16 einfach und schnell an der Gegenplatte 15 befestigt bzw. von ihr gelöst werden kann. Der Rahmen 16 bildet mit der Gegenplatte 15 einen Durchtrittsspalt 24 für das Folienband 1. Im Rahmen 16 ist parallel zur Gegenplatte 15 und in Längsrichtung des Folienbandes 1 verschiebbar ein Schlitten 25 geführt, der mit Kugelhülsen 26 auf im Rahmen 16 festen Führungsbolzen 27 läuft. Die Verstellung des Rahmens 16 in Führungsrichtung erfolgt durch den steuerbaren Hubantrieb, der im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 2 bis 4 von zwei hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigbaren Kraftzylindern 28 gebildet ist, welchen das Druckmedium über nicht dargestellte Leitungen durch Anschlüsse 29 zugeführt wird. Die Kolben 30 dieser Kraftzylinder 28 arbeiten gegen Rückstellfedern, die innerhalb der Kraftzylinder 28 eingebaut und daher in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbar sind. Die Zylindergehäuse dieser Kraftzylinder 28 sind durch Schrauben 31 mit einer Konsole 32 verbunden, die durch Schrauben 33 am Schlitten 25 gehalten ist. Die Kolben 30 der Kraftzylinder 28 sind über Schrauben 34 mit dem Rahmen 16 verbunden. Der Hub der Kolben 30 und damit des Schlittens 25 ist in seiner Grösse einstellbar, nämlich mit Hilfe von Einstellschrauben 35, die im Rahmen 16 geführt sind und einen Anschlag für den Schlitten 25 bilden, wobei der Schlitten 25 unter der Kraft der nicht dargestellten Rückstellfedern den Einstellschrauben 35 anliegt, so dass die druckmittelbetätigte Verschiebung des Schlittens 25 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 erfolgt, was der Bewegung des Schlittens 25 in Richtung auf die Formstation 4 hin entspricht.In particular, the entraining device 13 comprises a counter plate 15 supporting the film strip 1 and a frame 16 which cross-over the counter plate, which is closed upwards by a cover 17 and carries clamping pieces 18 comprising the edge of the counter plate 15 on both sides, which have dowel pins 19 on the frame 16 are held and clamped by means of clamping screws 20 against the edge of the counter plate 15, wherein they engage in corresponding blind holes 22 of the counter plate 15 with pins 21 inserted into the clamping pieces 18, so that by actuating the clamping screws 20 provided with hand levers 23, the frame 16 is simple and can be quickly attached to or detached from the counter plate 15. The frame 16 forms with the counter plate 15 a passage gap 24 for the film strip 1. In the frame 16, a slide 25 is guided parallel to the counter plate 15 and in the longitudinal direction of the film strip 1 and runs with ball sleeves 26 on guide bolts 27 fixed in the frame 16. The adjustment of the frame 16 in the guide direction is carried out by the controllable lifting drive, which in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 to 4 is formed by two hydraulically or pneumatically actuatable power cylinders 28, to which the pressure medium is fed through connections 29, not shown. The pistons 30 of these power cylinders 28 work against return springs which are installed within the power cylinder 28 and are therefore not recognizable in the drawing. The cylinder housings of these power cylinders 28 are connected by screws 31 to a bracket 32 which is held on the carriage 25 by screws 33. The pistons 30 of the power cylinder 28 are connected to the frame 16 by screws 34. The stroke of the piston 30 and thus the carriage 25 is adjustable in size, namely with the aid of adjusting screws 35 which are guided in the frame 16 and form a stop for the carriage 25, the carriage 25 under the force of the return springs, not shown Adjusting screws 35 abut so that the pressure-medium-actuated displacement of the slide 25 takes place in the direction of the arrow 14, which corresponds to the movement of the slide 25 in the direction of the forming station 4.

Am Schlitten25 sind zwei an der beschriebenen Schlittenverstellung teilnehmende und quer durch den Durchtrittsspalt 24 gegen die Gegenplatte 15 mittels zweier Spannantriebe anstellbare Spannschuhe 36 vorgesehen. Diese Spannantriebe sind ebenfalls als Kraftzylinder 37 ausgebildet, deren Zylindergehäuse mit Schrauben 38 auf der dem Folienband 1 zugewandten Schlittenseite befestigt sind, wobei die Zuführung des Druckmediums über die in Fig. 4 erkennbaren Anschlüsse 39 mit ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Zuführungsschläuchen erfolgt. Die aus den Zylindergehäusen austretenden Kolbenanschlüsse dieser Kraftzylinder 37 sind mit 40 bezeichnet. An ihnen sind die Spannschuhe 36 mittels Schrauben 41 befestigt. Die Spannschuhe 36 liegen in Breitenrichtung des Folienbandes 1 nebeneinander. Sie tragen jeweils einen dem Folienband 1 zugewandten Reibbelag 42, dessen Reibungskoeffizient in bezug auf das Folienband 1 im Vergleich zu dem entsprechenden Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen dem Folienband 1 und der Gegenplatte 15 ausreichend grösser ist, so dass die Spannschuhe 36 im mit dem Reibbelag 42 gegen das Folienband 1 angedrückten Zustand dieses in schlupffreiem Reibungsschluss entsprechend der Schlittenbewegung mitnehmen. Auch die die Spannschuhe 36 tragenden Kolben 40 werden gegen die Wirkung von in der Zeichnung ebenfalls nicht erkennbaren, weil innerhalb der Kraftzylinder 37 angeordneten Rückstellfedern von der Führungsplatte 15 bzw. dem auf ihr liegenden Folienband 1 abgehoben, so dass die Andrückbewegung der Spannschuhe 36 gegen das . Folienband 1 durch das über die Anschlüsse 39 den Kraftzylindern 37 zugeführte Druckmedium erfolgt.Provided on the slide 25 are two clamping shoes 36 which participate in the described slide adjustment and can be adjusted transversely through the passage gap 24 against the counterplate 15 by means of two clamping drives. These tensioning drives are also designed as power cylinders 37, the cylinder housings of which are fastened with screws 38 on the slide side facing the film strip 1, the supply of the pressure medium taking place via the connections 39 shown in FIG. 4 with supply hoses, also not shown. The piston connections emerging from the cylinder housings of these power cylinders 37 are designated by 40. The tensioning shoes 36 are fastened to them by means of screws 41. The tensioning shoes 36 lie next to one another in the width direction of the film strip 1. They each carry a friction lining 42 facing the film strip 1, the friction coefficient of which with respect to the film strip 1 is sufficiently greater compared to the corresponding friction coefficient between the film strip 1 and the counter plate 15, so that the tensioning shoes 36 with the friction lining 42 against the film strip 1 pressed state take this in a slip-free frictional engagement according to the slide movement. The pistons 40 carrying the tensioning shoes 36 are also raised against the action of return springs, which are likewise not recognizable in the drawing, because return springs arranged within the power cylinders 37 are lifted off the guide plate 15 or the foil strip 1 lying on it, so that the pressing movement of the tensioning shoes 36 against the . Foil tape 1 through the pressure medium supplied via the connections 39 to the power cylinders 37.

Die Funktionsweise dieser aus den Fig. 2 bis 4 ersichtlichen Mitnehmereinrichtung 13 ist derart, dass unmittelbar nach einem Stillstand des Folienbandtransportes die Spannschuhe 36 gegen das Folienband 1 angedrückt werden, während der Schlitten noch in seiner aus den Fig. 2 bis 4 ersichtlichen Ausgangsstellung steht. Der dadurch hergestellte schlupffreie Reibungsschluss zwischen den Spannschuhen 36 und dem Folienband 1 hat zur Folge, dass das Folienband 1 vom Schlitten 25 genau um dessen jeweiligen Verstellweg mitgenommen wird. Dieser Verstellweg ist bezüglich seiner Grösse durch die Stellschrauben 35 so voreingestellt, dass er eine Dehnung des Bandstücks 12 ergibt, die zu einer Kompensation der andernfalls bei Maschinenstillstand stattfindenden zusätzlichen Längenverkürzung des Bandstücks 12 führt. Nach der vollständigen Abkühlung des Bandstücks 12 oder bei früher stattfindendem Wiederanlauf der Maschine werden die Spannschuhe 36 vom Folienband 1 wieder abgehoben und der Schlitten 25 wird wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückbewegt, wodurch das Bandstück 12 in den längsspannungsfreien Zustand zurückgeht und nach wie vor die ursprüngliche Länge L wie im warmen Zustand zu Beginn des Stillstands besitzt. Über die Grösse der Stellkraft der Kraftzylinder 28 besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Zugkraft zeitlich zu steuern, mit der das Bandstück 12 gedehnt wird.The mode of operation of the driver device 13 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is such that the tensioning shoes 36 are pressed against the film tape 1 immediately after the film tape transport has come to a standstill, while the carriage is still in its initial position shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. The resulting non-slip frictional connection between the tensioning shoes 36 and the film strip 1 has the consequence that the film strip 1 is carried along by the slide 25 exactly by its respective adjustment path. The size of this adjustment path is preset by the adjusting screws 35 in such a way that it results in an elongation of the band piece 12, which compensates for the additional length reduction of the band piece 12 which would otherwise take place when the machine is at a standstill. After the band piece 12 has cooled completely or when the machine is restarted earlier, the tensioning shoes 36 are lifted off the film band 1 again and the carriage 25 is moved back into its starting position, as a result of which the band piece 12 returns to the longitudinal tension-free state and still the original length L as in the warm state at the start of standstill. The size of the actuating force of the power cylinder 28 also allows the tensile force with which the band piece 12 is stretched to be timed.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 5 bis 7 unterscheidet sich von dem nach den Fig. 2 bis 4 im wesentlichen darin, dass für den Hubantrieb anstelle der Kraftzylinder 28 am Rahmen 16 ein Motor 43 mit von der Motorwelle 44 angetriebener Kurvenscheibe 45 und am Schlitten 25 eine drehbar gelagerte Kurvenrolle 46 angeordnet ist, die an der Kurvenscheibe 45 abrollt, während diese vom Motor 43 zu einer einzigen Steuerumdrehung je Maschinenstillstand angetrieben wird. Entsprechend ihrer jeweiligen Kurvenform bewegt die Kurvenscheibe 45 über die Kurvenrolle 46 den Schlitten 25 gegen die Kraft von Rückstellfedern 47 in Richtung von der Trennstation 10 fort und zurück nach einer bestimmten Weg-Zeit-Funktion, die den zum Schrumpfausgleich des Bandstücks erforderlichen Dehnungsvorgang ergibt und durch die Kurvenform der Kurvenscheibe 45 allen Erfordernissen des praktischen Falls optimal angepasst werden kann. Zur Ermittlung dieser Kurvenform ist es in der Praxis lediglich erforderlich, an der Maschine unter Betriebsbedingungen für einige wenige Werte der Stillstandszeit das Schrumpfverhalten und das zu seiner Kompensation benötigte Dehnungsmass experimentell zu erproben und dann zwischen diesen wenigen ausgewählten Zuständen den Kurvenverlauf an der Kurvenscheibe zu interpolieren, was alles leicht und ohne grossen Zeitaufwand durchgeführt werden kann.The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 7 differs from that according to FIGS. 2 to 4 essentially in that for the linear drive Instead of the power cylinder 28 on the frame 16, a motor 43 with a cam 45 driven by the motor shaft 44 and a rotatably mounted cam roller 46 is arranged on the slide 25, which rolls on the cam 45 while it is driven by the motor 43 at a single control revolution per machine downtime . According to their respective curve shape, the cam plate 45 moves the slide 25 against the force of return springs 47 in the direction of the separating station 10 and back after a specific travel-time function, which results in the stretching process required to compensate for the shrinkage of the piece of tape and through, via the cam roller 46 the curve shape of the cam plate 45 can be optimally adapted to all requirements of the practical case. To determine this curve shape, in practice it is only necessary to experimentally test the shrinkage behavior and the amount of elongation required to compensate it for the machine under operating conditions for a few values of the downtime, and then to interpolate the curve shape on the cam disc between these few selected states. what can be done easily and without much time.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 8 unterscheidet sich von dem nach den Fig. 5 bis 7 im wesentlichen nur darin, dass die Kurvenrolle 46 an einem Stössel 48 gelagert ist, der gegen ein Federglied 49 bei 50 längsverschiebbar am Schlitten 25 geführt ist. Über dieses Federglied 49 kann zusätzlich die Stellkraft auf den Schlitten 25 und damit die Zugkraft beeinflusst werden, mit der am Bandstück 12 der Dehnungsvorgang durchgeführt wird.The embodiment of FIG. 8 differs from that of FIGS. 5 to 7 essentially only in that the cam roller 46 is mounted on a tappet 48 which is guided against a spring member 49 at 50 on the carriage 25 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. Via this spring member 49, the actuating force on the slide 25 and thus the tensile force with which the stretching process is carried out on the band piece 12 can also be influenced.

Claims (11)

1. A process for compensation of the length of a foil strip (1) of a material which shrinks upon cooling, in particular a thermoplastic material, in machines for producing and separating packs which are formed by deep drawing in the foil strip which for that purpose is transported in the longitudinal direction through a shaping station (4), a further working station (6), in particular a sealing station (4), and a separating station (10) of the machine, and which are cut out, possibly after the filling and sealing operations, wherein the foil strip (1) is heated prior to the deep drawing operation and experiences cooling and shrinking in its movement between the shaping station (4) and the separating station (10), and wherein variations in the pack dimensions and the pack spacing are automatically absorbed and/or compensated at the further working station (6) without adversely affecting the working operation up to a maximum tolerance value which is governed by construction, characterised in that with the beginning of the stoppage in transportation movement, a strip portion (12) of the hot foil strip (1), which strip portion is of a length L and adjoins the shaping station (4) in the direction of transportation and extends at feast to downstream of the further working station (6} and at most as far as the separating station (10), is fixed in position to prevent displacement thereof at its one end and at its other end is stretched to a greater length L' by a pulling effect and is held in the stretched condition during the stoppage time T or only until complete cooling of the strip portion (T2) has occurred, if said cooling time T' should be shorter than the stoppage time T, wherein the stretch is such that the difference in length L.'-L atthe end of the stoppage or cooling time T, T' respectively is based essentially only on purely elastic stretching of the strip portion (12) which is still of the original length Lwhen in the condition of having been released again and being free of longitudinal tension, and that the strip portion (12) includes so many packs which are disposed in succession over the length Lthereof that the alterations, which are caused by the temporary stretching operation, in the pack dimensions and in particular the pack spacings, are in each case at most as great as the maximum admissibletolerance value for the working operation in the further working station (6).
2. A process according to claim 1 characterised in that the difference in length L'-L of the stretched strip portion (12) is greater than the reduction in length which occurs due to shrinkage at the strip portion (10) in the case of its condition in which it is free of longitudinal tension, during the stoppage or cooling time T, T' respectively, and is kept substantially constant during the stoppage or cooling time T, T'.
3. A process according to claim 1 characterised in that the difference in length L'- L of the stretched strip portion (12) is controlled in magnitude during the cooling operation which occurs in the stoppage time T, in respect of time, in accordance with the temperature-dependent variation of the properties of the strip material which determine elasticity, shrinkage and stretching of the strip portion (12), in such a way that at each moment in the cooling operation, the difference in length is based essentially only on purely elastic stretching of the strip portion (12) which is still of the original length L when notionally let loose at that moment and then in a condition in which it is free of longitudinal tension.
4. A process according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the strip portion (12) is fixed in position to prevent displacement thereof, at its end which is disposed between the further working station (6) and the separating station (10) and is subjected to the pulling movement to increase the length thereof, at its end which is disposed closely adjoining the shaping station (4).
5. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to one of claims 1 to 4, on a machine in which the foil strip (1) successively passes through a heating station (3) , the shaping station (4), the further working station (6), in particular a sealing station, which permits the tolerance value for a working operation, a feed station (11) for transporting the foil strip (1) and the separating station (10), and in which the feed station (11), in comparison with the length of travel between the shaping station (4) and the separting station (10), is arranged closely upstream of the latter, characterised in that provided for the foil strip (1) is a clamping device (13) which is controftable in respect of its engagement on the foil strip (1) and which is arranged in thedirection of transportation of the foil strip downstream of the heating station (3), closely upstream of, in or downstream of the shaping station (4), that, upon a stoppage in transportation movement of the foil strip the clamping device (13) and the feed station (11) grip the foil strip (1), and that the clamping device (13) or the feed station (11) perform the pulling movement for stretching the length of the strip portion (12).
6. Apparatus according to claim 5 characterised in thatthe clamping device (13) is in theform of an entrainment device which can be reciprocated once during a machine stoppage, in the event of a stoppage in transportation movement, by a stroke drive means with a controllable travel and/orforce characteristic, the engagement of the entrainment device on the foil strip (1) being controllable in such a way that it grips the foil strip (1) and entrains it in a slip-free manner only during the stoppage time or until complete cooling of the strip portion (12) has occured, and that the foil strip (1 ) is held fast to prevent longitudinal displacements thereof in the feed station (11) upon a stoppage in the transportation movement.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 characterised in that the entrainment device (13) has a counter-plate (15) which supports the foil strip (1) and a frame which engages transversely over the counter-plate (15) and which with the counter-plate (15) forms an opening (24) for the foil strip (1) to pass therethrough, that a carriage (25) is guided slidably in the frame (16) parallel to the counter-plate (15) and in the longitudinal direction of the foil strip (1) and can be reciprocated in the guide direction by the stroke drive means, and that provided on the carriage (25) is at least one clamping shoe (40) which participates in the displacement of the carriage and which can be applied transversely through the opening (24) against the counter-plate (15) by means of a clamping actuating means (37) and which carries a friction lining (42) towards the foil strip (1) and which in the condition of being pressed against the foil strip (1) entrains same in slip-free frictional engagement therewith in accordance with the movement of the carriage.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 characterised in that the clamping actuating means (37) is formed by power cylinders whose pistons are hydraulically or pneumatically actuable against return springs.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or claim 8 characterised in that at least one pneumatic or hydraulic power cylinder (28) is provided for the stroke drive means between the frame (16) and the carriage (25), and drives the carriage (25) against at least one return spring in a direction away from the separating station (10), with an adjustable stroke movement and/or a controllable force.
10. Apparatus according to claim 7 or claim 8 characterised in that, for the stroke drive means, a motor (43) with a cam disc (45) which is driven by the motor shaft (44) is arranged on the frame (16) and a rotatably mounted cam roller (46) which rolls against the cam disc (45) is arranged on the carriage (25), wherein in the period up to complet cooling of the strip portion to room temperature (cooling time T') the cam disc (45) performs a control revolution and drives the carriage (25) against the force of return springs (47) in a direction away from the separating station (10).
11. Apparatus according to claim 10 characterised in that a spring member (49) is incorporated into the power drive chain between the cam roller (46) and the carriage (25).
EP87101084A 1986-01-29 1987-01-27 Method and apparatus to compensate for the change in length, in machines for the production and separation of packages, of a foil strip formed from material which shrinks during cooling Expired EP0234307B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87101084T ATE39452T1 (en) 1986-01-29 1987-01-27 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE LENGTH OF A FILM STRIP MADE OF A MATERIAL THAT SHRINKS WHEN COOLING DOWN IN MACHINES FOR MANUFACTURING AND SEPARATING PACKAGES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3602604 1986-01-29
DE3602604 1986-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234307A1 EP0234307A1 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0234307B1 true EP0234307B1 (en) 1988-12-28

Family

ID=6292852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101084A Expired EP0234307B1 (en) 1986-01-29 1987-01-27 Method and apparatus to compensate for the change in length, in machines for the production and separation of packages, of a foil strip formed from material which shrinks during cooling

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4894977A (en)
EP (1) EP0234307B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE39452T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3760028D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993012972A1 (en)

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US5269123A (en) * 1989-12-29 1993-12-14 Massimo Marchesini Device for sealing a film onto a blister band, particularly a polypropylene band
US5205110C1 (en) * 1990-12-12 2001-05-15 Dec Int Servo motor operated indexing motion packaging machine and method
DE19504219C1 (en) * 1995-02-09 1996-06-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Packaging machine
DE19618448C1 (en) * 1996-05-08 1997-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Thermoforming line
US6799685B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2004-10-05 Yuyama Mfg. Co., Ltd. Medication packing apparatus
DE10302723A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 Iwk Verpackungstechnik Gmbh Method for controlling a blister packaging machine
DE10302726A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 Iwk Verpackungstechnik Gmbh Method for controlling a blister packaging machine
JP5144257B2 (en) * 2004-05-07 2013-02-13 アイ エム エイ インダストリア マシーン オートマティック エス ピー エイ Blister pack machine for blister pack manufacturing
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4894977A (en) 1990-01-23
DE3760028D1 (en) 1989-02-02
ATE39452T1 (en) 1989-01-15
WO1993012972A1 (en) 1993-07-08
EP0234307A1 (en) 1987-09-02

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