EP0232908B1 - Manually operable vice - Google Patents

Manually operable vice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0232908B1
EP0232908B1 EP87101879A EP87101879A EP0232908B1 EP 0232908 B1 EP0232908 B1 EP 0232908B1 EP 87101879 A EP87101879 A EP 87101879A EP 87101879 A EP87101879 A EP 87101879A EP 0232908 B1 EP0232908 B1 EP 0232908B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide
segment
spindle
clamping
vice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP87101879A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0232908A1 (en
Inventor
Joze Lavric
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Nikolic Rados
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Nikolic Rados
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Publication date
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Priority to AT87101879T priority Critical patent/ATE52723T1/en
Publication of EP0232908A1 publication Critical patent/EP0232908A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/10—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
    • B25B1/12—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws with provision for disengagement
    • B25B1/125—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws with provision for disengagement with one screw perpendicular to the jaw faces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2489—Slideways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manually operated vice according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a manually operated vice is known from AT-B-23 695.
  • a yoke in which two axes and on these two freely rotatable sleeves are arranged, on which tangentially aligned clamping jaws are fastened.
  • the sleeves are toothed on the outside.
  • Clamps that surround the sleeves are provided with movable elements in the form of two lever arms.
  • One of the elements is toothed in the same way as the freely rotating sleeve and rests on the latter.
  • the other element touches an eccentric which is located between the sleeves and the lever arms. Both clamps and lever arms are pressed towards the eccentric by a spring, which is why the jaws and sleeves can be freely rotated on the axles in the relaxed state.
  • the eccentric is rigidly connected to an operating handle.
  • the jaws are provided with slidable lugs that are perpendicular to the clamping surface.
  • the workpiece to be clamped is inserted between the jaws, which are then manually pushed against one another so that they grip the workpiece from both sides, which is made possible by the fact that the jaws can be freely rotated on their axes.
  • the actuating handle is then pivoted, causing the eccentric to turn and press on the lever arms.
  • the toothed surface of the lever arms meshes with the toothed surface of sleeves. After this combing has taken place, the sleeves strive to rotate together with the clamps, which leads to the complete clamping of the workpiece.
  • the spring is composed of three parts. With its middle part, it presses on the protruding element, and the side parts press on the sleeve, which is why the lever arm is constantly pressed towards the eccentric.
  • the size of the clamping force and the width of the jaws are inversely related, i.e. that the greater the distance between the jaws, the greater the distance from the axes, which is why the jaws must be longer. However, the greater the distance from the clamped workpiece to the sleeve on which the jaw is attached, the smaller the clamping force that is entered by the operating handle.
  • the eccentric may have a sliding path of at most 3 mm, which means a very precise adjustment of the jaws.
  • the position of the workpiece cannot be determined in advance; because a changed light width of the jaws requires a different clamping angle with respect to the axes on which the jaws are attached.
  • the coupling piece in particular its lower part, cannot be designed as a 360 ° nut, so that only a segment-like nut element can be provided.
  • a segment-like nut element moves, radial force components occur which can lead to faults.
  • radial movements up and down occur with the coupling function, which means that the size of the contact surface between the sleeve and the nut element is different with each clamping.
  • the object of the invention in contrast, is to provide a manually operated vice of the type mentioned, in which the spindle interacts with a 360 ° nut, so that there is always a constant large contact surface between the sleeve and the nut.
  • the vice consists of a fixed assembly 50 and a movable assembly 100.
  • the movable assembly 100 can be pulled out of the fixed assembly 50 without hindrance when the vice is inactive, which is made possible by the following specific design features of the vice according to the invention.
  • the fixed assembly 50 is built from a hollow sleeve-like housing 51, the inner long passage 52 of which is designed as a parallelepiped cavity in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 9 (see, for example, FIG. 8 in connection with FIG. 2) a base part 13, two wall parts 29 and a cover part 12 of the housing 51 is enclosed and an auxiliary cavity is connected to its cover-side base area within the cover part 12, which is designed in cross-section as an upward-facing left and right-side, overall dovetail-shaped undercut, while in longitudinal section its ceiling surface is inclined downwards towards the clamping area.
  • a complementary toothed rack 16 is inserted into the auxiliary cavity of the housing 51, which tapers towards the front and downwards and consequently has a single degree of freedom.
  • This single degree of freedom is also eliminated by means of a holding plate 25 which is fastened with a screw 26 on the front surface of the ceiling part 12 of the housing 51.
  • the lower surface of the toothed strip 16 is shifted slightly upward with respect to the ceiling surface of the parallelepiped cavity and is formed with a series of teeth, which are placed transversely to the course of the passage 52 and are parallel to one another and resemble the sawtooth profile.
  • the design of the teeth which is similar to the sawtooth profile, allows free movement of the riddle in the backward direction and holding it in the forward direction, i.e. against the jaw 9 for clamping the workpiece, which is the last element of the fixed assembly 50.
  • the movable assembly 100 of the vise according to the invention consists of a front extension 3, which carries a movable jaw 4 and to which a hollow slide 8 is connected in one piece, the outer contour of which corresponds in cross section to the parallelepiped passage 52 of the housing 51.
  • the carriage 8 is designed as a box which is open at the bottom and has a ceiling part 14 which is provided with an opening in the region of the front wall 19 and partly together with it (FIG. 6).
  • a clamping slide 11 is inserted into the interior of the carriage 8, which completely fills the cross-sectional area of the cavity of the carriage 8 and with its lower surface rests on the bottom surface of the passage 52 of the housing 51 in a sliding manner.
  • a clamping spindle 7 is inserted through the front set 3, which is screwed with its screw section 10 into a nut thread 15 of the clamping slide 11.
  • the clamping spindle 7 is formed outside the front shoulder 3 with a head 2, through which a clamping / releasing lever 1 is slidably inserted.
  • the clamping spindle 7 is secured against failure; if necessary, this is done by a support washer 5 and a locking ring 6.
  • the tensioning slide 11 is formed from its end facing the front wall 19, which is located in the region of the recess 14a in the ceiling part 14 of the carriage 8, with an inclined recess 53 for a tensioning segment 17.
  • An essential element of the recess 53 is a bearing plane 18 which runs from the bottom upwards and backwards against the front wall 19, the clamping segment 17 also being formed with an analog slant bearing plane.
  • the latter is formed on an upper surface with a locking toothing which coincides with the toothing of the toothed bar 16 fixed in position, but is directed in the opposite direction.
  • a threaded shaft 21 is connected in an articulated manner via a horizontal bolt 20, which is laid essentially horizontally (with respect to where the clamping segment 17 is located) through the recess in the front wall 19 in the rearward direction.
  • a washer 22 and a compression spring 23 are pushed onto the threaded shaft 21, the compression of which can be adjusted by a nut 27.
  • the compression spring 23 presses the washer 22, which is supported on the front wall 19, that is, depending on the orientation, the compression spring 23 of the clamping segment 17 either when moving out of the recess 53 for meshing with the toothing of the toothed rack 16 or when returning from the meshing is helpful.
  • What is advantageous depends on the given dimensions and sliding properties, in particular the bearing level 18.
  • the decisive factor here is the axial position of the compression spring 23, which is determined with a limit stop 28 which is fastened on the end face of the front wall 19 and to which the mother 27 rests.
  • the workpiece is placed on the support surface of the slide 8 or held at the height of the jaws 4, 9 and slidingly displaces the movable assembly 100 into the fixed assembly 50 as far as possible (state according to FIG. 2). Then you start turning the clamping spindle 7.
  • the clamping slide 11 is pulled forward, but the displacement cannot be followed by the clamping segment 17.
  • the clamping spindle 7 is rotated, the workpiece is not pressed together until the clamping segment 17 has been raised along the bearing plane 18 and the toothing of the toothed rack 16 has gripped.
  • the clamping slide 11 stops and during the further rotation of the clamping spindle 7, the latter has to screw into the nut thread 5 of the clamping slide 11 and press the front shoulder 3 with the jaw 4, which means clamping the workpiece.
  • a feature of the claimed construction is that by choosing the free length a of the hole 15 (FIG. 2) the permissible extent of the compression of resilient objects (FIG. 3) can be determined in advance.
  • the invention also enables the creation of modified designs, e.g. with the aim of avoiding the use of the compression spring 23 or a spring at all.
  • the clamping spindle 7 is extended by the front wall 9 of the carriage 8, in which a cylindrical hole is provided for this purpose.
  • a wedge nut 36 is arranged, against which a club sleeve 35 is pushed onto the clamping spindle 7, the sliding plane of which is opposite to that of the wedge nut 36, so that together they form a V-shaped saddle, into which Above, the toothed clamping segment 17 is inserted, which is optionally designed in cross section as a web, under which the clamping spindle 7 runs.
  • one leg of a two-legged loop-shaped spiral spring 34 is inserted into the left and right standing leg of the clamping segment 17 in corresponding bores 37, which leg is pushed onto the clamping spindle 7 beyond the wedge sleeve 35.
  • the bending spring 34 is arranged in such a way that its bending leg extends the tensioning segment 17 downwards, i.e. Push away the toothing of the toothed rack 16.
  • the bending spring 34 is supported in the axial direction on a washer 33, which rests on a helical compression spring 32 which is pushed onto the actual clamping spindle 7 and is delimited on its other end with a washer 31, the installation position of which on the clamping spindle 7 by a locking ring 30 is determined.
  • the helical compression spring 32 is dimensioned significantly stronger than the spiral spring 34.
  • Fig. 10 shows the starting position; the wedge nut 36 is in its extreme end position. After the movable assembly of the vise has been pushed towards the workpiece, one starts to turn the clamping spindle 7; the nut 36 is approaching, the compression spring 32 is not yet responding, but the clamping segment 17 is lifted off.
  • the compression of a resilient workpiece is limited by the length of the cutout in the top part of the slide and by the compression of the compression spring 32.
  • FIGS. 14 to 18 is characterized by the omission of any spring.
  • the essence of this construction is that the wedge nut 36 and the clamping segment 17 are held in a form-fitting manner with one another on the sliding plane, possibly by forming the guides in dovetail form (FIG. 17).
  • a base extension 41 and a ceiling extension 42 are incorporated in the slide 8. The former holds the clamping segment 17 when lifting, while the latter supports the wedge nut 36 (continuously) and the clamping segment 17 when lowering.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

1. Hand-operated vice having a rectilinearly movable clamping jaw (4) whose turnable tie spindle (7) is by means of indented elements (16, 17) able to be connected to a stationary clamping jaw (9), and a sleeve-type housing (51) into which a rack (16) is stationarily incorporated, whose serrated teeth are oriented downwards into an oblong passage (52) of the housing (51), a slide (8) of a movable assembly (100) of the movable clamping jaw freely slidingly inserted into the housing (51), characterized in that inside the slide (8) a cocking slide (11, 36) is slidingly longitudinally guided over the tie spindle (7), the cocking slide being force-lockingly or form-lockingly through its bearing plane (18) connected to a wedge-shaped straining segment (17), which is engagingly held by means of its upwardly oriented serrated gearing in a gearing of the rack (16).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen handbetätigbaren Schraubstock gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Ein derartiger Schraubstock ist aus der AT-B-23 695 bekannt.The invention relates to a manually operated vice according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a vice is known from AT-B-23 695.

Bei einem aus den SU-Urheberschein 738 857 bekannten Schraubstock ist ein Joch vorhanden, in welchem zwei Achsen und auf diesen zwei frei drehbare Hülsen angeordnet sind, an denen tangentiell ausgerichtete spannbacken befestigt sind. Die Hülsen sind aussenseitig verzahnt ausgebildet. Schellen, die die Hülsen umgeben, sind mit beweglichen Elementen in Form von zwei Hebelarmen versehen. Eines der Elemente ist gleich wie die frei drehende Hülse verzahnt und liegt auf die letztere auf. Das andere Element berührt einen Exzenter, der sich zwischen den Hülsen und den Hebelarmen befindet. Beide Schellen und Hebelarme werden durch eine Feder zum Exzenter gedrückt, weswegen die Backen und die Hülsen im entspannten Zustand auf den Achsen frei drehbar sind. Der Exzenter ist mit einem Betätigungsgriff starr verbunden. Die Backen sind mitverschiebbaren Ansätzen, die senkrecht zur Klemmfläche gestellt sind, versehen.In a vice known from SU copying certificate 738 857, there is a yoke in which two axes and on these two freely rotatable sleeves are arranged, on which tangentially aligned clamping jaws are fastened. The sleeves are toothed on the outside. Clamps that surround the sleeves are provided with movable elements in the form of two lever arms. One of the elements is toothed in the same way as the freely rotating sleeve and rests on the latter. The other element touches an eccentric which is located between the sleeves and the lever arms. Both clamps and lever arms are pressed towards the eccentric by a spring, which is why the jaws and sleeves can be freely rotated on the axles in the relaxed state. The eccentric is rigidly connected to an operating handle. The jaws are provided with slidable lugs that are perpendicular to the clamping surface.

Das zum Einklemmen vorgesehene Werkstück wird zwischen die Backen eingelegt, die man dann manuell gegeneinanderschiebt, so dass sie das Werkstück von beiden Seiten ergreifen, was dadurch ermöglicht wird, dass die Backen auf ihren Achsen ungehindert drehbar sind. Anschliessend wird der Betätigungsgriff verschwenkt, wodurch der Exzenter gedreht wird und auf die Hebelarme drückt. Die verzahnte Oberfläche der Hebelarme kämmt mit der verzahnten Oberfläche von Hülsen. Nachdem dieses Kämmen stattgefundet hat, streben die Hülsen zum Drehen zusammen mit den Schellen, was zum vollendeten Einspannen des Werkstücks führt.The workpiece to be clamped is inserted between the jaws, which are then manually pushed against one another so that they grip the workpiece from both sides, which is made possible by the fact that the jaws can be freely rotated on their axes. The actuating handle is then pivoted, causing the eccentric to turn and press on the lever arms. The toothed surface of the lever arms meshes with the toothed surface of sleeves. After this combing has taken place, the sleeves strive to rotate together with the clamps, which leads to the complete clamping of the workpiece.

Die Feder ist aus drei Teilen zusammengesetzt. Mit ihrem mittleren Teil drückt sie auf das hinausragende Element, und die seitlichen Teile drücken auf die Hülse, weswegen der Hebelarm stetig zum Exzenter gedrückt wird.The spring is composed of three parts. With its middle part, it presses on the protruding element, and the side parts press on the sleeve, which is why the lever arm is constantly pressed towards the eccentric.

Beim Einspannen von Werkstücken mit Keilflächen verwendet man entsprechend angepasste Unterlagen, die das Wegrutschen von Werkstükken verhindern.When clamping workpieces with wedge surfaces, appropriately adapted supports are used to prevent workpieces from slipping away.

Die Grösse der Spannkraft und die Lichtweite der Backen stehen im umgekehrten Verhältnis, d.h. dass bei grösserer Lichtweite von Backen auch die Entfernung von Achsen grösser sein muss, weswegen die Backen länger sein müssen. Die Spannkraft, dir durch den Betätigungsgriff eingegeben wird, ist aber um so kleiner, je grösser die Entfernung des eingespannten Werkstücks von der Hülse ist, auf der die Backe befestigt ist.The size of the clamping force and the width of the jaws are inversely related, i.e. that the greater the distance between the jaws, the greater the distance from the axes, which is why the jaws must be longer. However, the greater the distance from the clamped workpiece to the sleeve on which the jaw is attached, the smaller the clamping force that is entered by the operating handle.

Damit die Spannkraft genügend gross wäre, darf der Exzenter einen Schiebeweg von grösstens 3 mm haben, was eine sehr genaue Einstellung der Backen bedeutet. Beim Einsetzen des Werkstücks muss man es mit einer Hand so lange genau halten, bis es fixiert ist, was mit der anderen Hand vorgenommen wird.So that the clamping force would be sufficiently large, the eccentric may have a sliding path of at most 3 mm, which means a very precise adjustment of the jaws. When inserting the workpiece, you have to hold it exactly with one hand until it is fixed, which is done with the other hand.

Die Lage des Werkstücks ist nicht im voraus bestimmbar; denn eine geänderte Lichtweite der Backen erfordert einen geänderten Spannwinkel in Bezug auf die Achsen, auf welchen die Backen befestigt sind.The position of the workpiece cannot be determined in advance; because a changed light width of the jaws requires a different clamping angle with respect to the axes on which the jaws are attached.

Es ist ferner aus der AT-B-23 695 ein handbetätigbarer Schraubstock mit geradlinig bewegbarer Spannbacke bekannt, deren drehbare Spannspindel mittels verzahnter Elemente mit der feststehenden Spannbacke kuppelbar ist. Die eine, mit Schraubengewinde versehene, drehbar gelagerte Muffe steht in Eingriff mit einem zweiteiligen Kuppelstück, deren oberer, mit einer Sperrzahnung versehener Teil durch eine Feder in Längsrichtung gegen den unteren Teil verschoben wird und bei Drehung der Muffe auf einer ansteigenden Bahn gegen eine Sperrzahnstange gehoben wird.It is also known from AT-B-23 695 a manually operable vice with a linearly movable clamping jaw, whose rotatable clamping spindle can be coupled to the fixed clamping jaw by means of toothed elements. The one, screw-threaded, rotatably mounted sleeve is in engagement with a two-part coupling piece, the upper part, which is provided with locking teeth, is displaced longitudinally against the lower part by a spring and, when the sleeve rotates, is lifted against a locking rack on a rising track becomes.

Bei dem bekannten Schraubstock läßt sich indessen das Kuppelstück, insbesondere dessen unterer Teil, nicht als 360°-Mutter ausbilden, so daß lediglich ein segmentartiges Mutterelement vorgesehen werden kann. Bei der Bewegung eines solchen segmentartigen Mutterelementes treten radiale Kraftkomponenten auf, die zu Störungen führen können. Und zwar treten bei der Kupplungsfunktion tatsächlich radiale Verschiebungen nach oben und unten auf, was dazu führt, daß die Größe der Berührungsfläche zwischen Muffe und Mutterelement bei jeder Einspannung anders ist.In the known vice, however, the coupling piece, in particular its lower part, cannot be designed as a 360 ° nut, so that only a segment-like nut element can be provided. When such a segment-like nut element moves, radial force components occur which can lead to faults. In fact, radial movements up and down occur with the coupling function, which means that the size of the contact surface between the sleeve and the nut element is different with each clamping.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht demgegenüber darin, einen handbetätigbaren Schraubstock der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, bei welchem die Spindel mit einer 360°-Mutter zusammenwirkt, so daß eine stets gleichbleibend große Berührungsfläche zwischen Muffe und Mutter vorhanden ist.The object of the invention, in contrast, is to provide a manually operated vice of the type mentioned, in which the spindle interacts with a 360 ° nut, so that there is always a constant large contact surface between the sleeve and the nut.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Schraubstockes ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous further developments and refinements of the vice according to the invention result from the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in den Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es ist dargestellt in

  • Fig. 1 der Schraubstock in axialem Längsschnitt, in entspanntem Zustand,
  • Fig. 2 wie in Fig. 1, jedoch in aktiviertem Zustand,
  • Fig. 3 wie in Fig. 1, jedoch im Zustand des grösstmöglichen Zusammenpressens des Werkstücks,
  • Fig. 4 der vordere Abschnitt des Schraubstocks mit eingespantem Werkstück, isometrisch dargestellt,
  • Fig. 5 die Baugruppe der Schraubspindel und der beweglichen Backe, deren hinterer Teil abgebrochen ist, damit ein Gleitblock und ein damit verbindbarer Sperrblock sichtbar sind, alles in isometrischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 6 die bewegliche Backe als eine Gesamtheit in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 7 die bewegliche Backe in Vorderansicht,
  • Fig. 8 die feststehende Backe mit eingebauter Sperrleiste in Hinteransicht,
  • Fig. 9 die Baugruppe des Sperrblocks in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 10 der hintere Abschnitt einer abgewandelten Ausführung des erfindungsgemässen Schraubstocks in senkrechtem Längsschnitt, in entspanntem Zustand-wie in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 11 wie in Fig. 10, jedoch in aktiviertem Zustand-analog Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 12 wie in Fig. 11, jedoch im Zustand des grösstmöglichen Zusammenpressens des Werkstücks-analog Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 13 die Baugruppe der Keile in auseinandergeschobenem Zustand, in isometrischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 14 bis 17 analog Fig. 10 bis 13, jedoch bei einer modifizierten Ausführungsform des Schraubstocks, und
  • Fig. 18 ein senkrechter Querschnitt des Schraubstocks der Fig. 14 bis 17 im Bereich ausserhalb der Klemmbacken.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in the drawings. It is shown in
  • 1 the vise in axial longitudinal section, in a relaxed state,
  • 2 as in Fig. 1, but in the activated state,
  • 3 as in Fig. 1, but in the state of the greatest possible compression of the workpiece,
  • 4 shows the front section of the vice with the workpiece clamped in, isometrically represented,
  • 5 shows the assembly of the screw spindle and the movable jaw, the rear part of which has broken off so that a sliding block and a blocking block that can be connected to it are visible, all in isometric representation,
  • 6 shows the movable jaw as a whole in plan view,
  • 7 the movable jaw in front view,
  • 8 the fixed jaw with built-in locking bar in rear view,
  • 9 the assembly of the locking block in plan view,
  • 10 shows the rear section of a modified embodiment of the vice according to the invention in a vertical longitudinal section, in a relaxed state — as in FIG. 1,
  • 11 as in FIG. 10, but in the activated state analogous to FIG. 2,
  • 12 as in FIG. 11, but in the state of the greatest possible compression of the workpiece - analogous to FIG. 3,
  • 13 shows the assembly of the wedges in the pushed-apart state, in an isometric view,
  • 14 to 17 analogously to FIGS. 10 to 13, but in a modified embodiment of the vice, and
  • Fig. 18 is a vertical cross section of the vise of Figs. 14 to 17 in the area outside the jaws.

Der Schraubstock besteht aus einer feststehenden Baugruppe 50 und einer beweglichen Baugruppe 100. Bei der beanspruchten Ausführung kann die bewegliche Baugruppe 100 in unaktiviertem Zustand des Schraubstocks ungehindert aus der feststehenden Baugruppe 50 ausgezogen werden, was durch die folgenden spezifischen Konstruktionsmerkmale des erfindungsgemässen Schraubstocks ermöglicht wird.The vice consists of a fixed assembly 50 and a movable assembly 100. In the claimed embodiment, the movable assembly 100 can be pulled out of the fixed assembly 50 without hindrance when the vice is inactive, which is made possible by the following specific design features of the vice according to the invention.

Die feststehende Baugruppe 50 isq aus einem hohlen hülsenartigen Gehäuse 51 gebaut, dessen innerer Langdurchgang 52 in der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 1 bis 9 (vergl. z.B. Fig. 8 in Zusammenhang mit Fig. 2) als ein Parallelepiped-Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, der mit einem Bodenteil 13, zwei Wandteilen 29 und einem Deckenteil 12 des Gehäuses 51 umschlossen ist und zu dessen deckenseitiger Grundfläche innerhalb des Deckenteils 12 ein Hilfshohlraum angeschlossen ist, der im Querschnitt als je eine nach oben gerichtete links- und rechtsseitige, insgesamt schwalbenschwanzförmige Hinterschneidung ausgebildet ist, während im Längsschnitt seine Deckenfläche in Richtung von hinten her nach unten gegen den Spannraum geneigt ist. In den derweise ausgebildeten, nach vorne und nach unten sich verjüngenden Hilfshohlraum des Gehäuses 51 is eine komplementär ausgebildete Zahnleiste 16 eingelegt, die folglich einen einzigen Freiheitsgrad besitzt. Auch dieser einzige Freiheitsgrad wird mittels einer Halteplatte 25 beseitigt, die mit einer Schraube 26 auf der Frontfläche des Deckenteils 12 des Gehäuses 51 befestigt ist. Die untere Fläche der Zahnleiste 16 ist mit Hinsicht auf die Deckenfläche des Parallepiped-Hohlraums geringfügig hochverschoben und mit einer Reihe von quer zum Verlauf des Durchgangs 52 gestellten, zueinander parallelen, dem Sägezahnprofil ähnlichen Zähnen ausgebildet. Dem Sägezahnprofil ähnliche Ausbildung der Zähne erlaubt freie Rätschenverschiebung in Richtung nach hinten und Festhalten in Richtung nach vorne, d.h. gegen die Backe 9 zum Festklemmen des Werkstücks, die das letzte Element der feststehenden Baugruppe 50 darstellt.The fixed assembly 50 is built from a hollow sleeve-like housing 51, the inner long passage 52 of which is designed as a parallelepiped cavity in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 9 (see, for example, FIG. 8 in connection with FIG. 2) a base part 13, two wall parts 29 and a cover part 12 of the housing 51 is enclosed and an auxiliary cavity is connected to its cover-side base area within the cover part 12, which is designed in cross-section as an upward-facing left and right-side, overall dovetail-shaped undercut, while in longitudinal section its ceiling surface is inclined downwards towards the clamping area. A complementary toothed rack 16 is inserted into the auxiliary cavity of the housing 51, which tapers towards the front and downwards and consequently has a single degree of freedom. This single degree of freedom is also eliminated by means of a holding plate 25 which is fastened with a screw 26 on the front surface of the ceiling part 12 of the housing 51. The lower surface of the toothed strip 16 is shifted slightly upward with respect to the ceiling surface of the parallelepiped cavity and is formed with a series of teeth, which are placed transversely to the course of the passage 52 and are parallel to one another and resemble the sawtooth profile. The design of the teeth, which is similar to the sawtooth profile, allows free movement of the riddle in the backward direction and holding it in the forward direction, i.e. against the jaw 9 for clamping the workpiece, which is the last element of the fixed assembly 50.

Dw bewegliche Baugruppe 100 des erfindungsgemässen Schraubstocks besteht aus einem Frontansatz 3, der eine bewegliche Backe 4 trägt und zu welchem ein Hohlschlitten 8 einstückig angeschlossen ist, dessen Aussenkontur im Querschnitt dem Parallepepiped-Durchgang 52 des Gehäuses 51 entspricht. Im übrigen ist der Schlitten 8 als ein nach unten offener Kasten mit einem Deckenteil 14 ausgebildet, der im Bereich der Frontwand 19 und teilweise zusammen mit ihr mit einer Durchbrechung versehen ist (Fig. 6). Ins Innere des Schlittens 8 ist ein Spannschieber 11 eingelegt, der die Querschnittsfläche des Hohlraums des Schlittens 8 vollfüllt und mit seiner unteren Fläche auf die Bodenfläche des Durchgangs 52 des Gehäuses 51 gleitend aufliegt. In der geometrischen Mitte der Querschnitts des Hohlraums des Schlittens 8, die mit der geometrischen Mitte des Querschnitts des Spannschiebers 11 zusammenfällt, ist durch den Frontsatz 3 eine Spannspindel 7 eingelegt, die mit ihrem Schraubabschnitt 10 in ein Muttergewinde 15 des Spannschiebers 11 eingeschraubt ist. Die Spannspindel 7 ist ausserhalb des Frontansatzes 3 mit einem Kopf 2 ausgebildet, durch den ein Spann-/Lösehebel 1 gleitend verschiebbar eingelegt ist. Selbstverständlich ist die Spannspindel 7 gegen Ausfall gesichert; gegebenenfalls wird dies durch eine Stütz-Unterlegscheibe 5 und einen Sicherungsring 6 vorgenommen.The movable assembly 100 of the vise according to the invention consists of a front extension 3, which carries a movable jaw 4 and to which a hollow slide 8 is connected in one piece, the outer contour of which corresponds in cross section to the parallelepiped passage 52 of the housing 51. Otherwise, the carriage 8 is designed as a box which is open at the bottom and has a ceiling part 14 which is provided with an opening in the region of the front wall 19 and partly together with it (FIG. 6). A clamping slide 11 is inserted into the interior of the carriage 8, which completely fills the cross-sectional area of the cavity of the carriage 8 and with its lower surface rests on the bottom surface of the passage 52 of the housing 51 in a sliding manner. In the geometric center of the cross-section of the cavity of the slide 8, which coincides with the geometric center of the cross-section of the clamping slide 11, a clamping spindle 7 is inserted through the front set 3, which is screwed with its screw section 10 into a nut thread 15 of the clamping slide 11. The clamping spindle 7 is formed outside the front shoulder 3 with a head 2, through which a clamping / releasing lever 1 is slidably inserted. Of course, the clamping spindle 7 is secured against failure; if necessary, this is done by a support washer 5 and a locking ring 6.

Der Spannschieber 11 ist aus seinem zur Frontwand 19 weisenden Ende, das sich im Bereich der im Deckenteil 14 des Schlittens 8 befindlichen Ausnehmung 14a befindet, mit einer Neigungs-Eintiefung 53 für ein Spannsegment 17 ausgebildet. Ein wesentliches Element der Eintiefung 53 ist eine Lagerebene 18, die von unten nach oben und nach hinten gegen die Frontwand 19 verläuft, wobei mit analoger schiefer Lagerebene auch das Spannsegment 17 ausgebildet ist. Das letztere ist auf einer oberen Fläche mit einer Sperrverzahnung ausgebildet, die mit der Verzahnung der lagefixierten Zahnleiste 16 zwar übereinstimmt, doch gegengerichtet ist.The tensioning slide 11 is formed from its end facing the front wall 19, which is located in the region of the recess 14a in the ceiling part 14 of the carriage 8, with an inclined recess 53 for a tensioning segment 17. An essential element of the recess 53 is a bearing plane 18 which runs from the bottom upwards and backwards against the front wall 19, the clamping segment 17 also being formed with an analog slant bearing plane. The latter is formed on an upper surface with a locking toothing which coincides with the toothing of the toothed bar 16 fixed in position, but is directed in the opposite direction.

Auf die Stirnfläche des Spannsegments 17 ist über einen waagerechten Bolzen 20 ein Gewindeschaft 21 gelenkig angeschlossen, der durch die Ausnehmung der Frontwand 19 in Richtung nach hinten im wesentlichen waagerecht (in bezug darauf, wo sich das Spannsegment 17 befindet) gelegt ist. Auf dem Gewindeschaft 21 ist ein Unterlegscheibe 22 und darauf eine Druckfeder 23 aufgeschoben, deren Zusammendrücken durch eine Mutter 27 einstellbar ist. Die Druckfeder 23 drückt die Unterlegscheibe 22, die sich an die Frontwand 19 stützt, d.h. dass in Abhängigkeit von der Orientierung die Druckfeder 23 dem Spannsegment 17 entweder beim Verschieben aus der Eintiefung 53 zum Kämmen mit der Verzahnung der Zahnleiste 16 oder beim Zurückkehren aus dem Kämmen behilflich ist. Was davon vorteilhaft ist, hängt von der gegebenen Dimensionierung und Gleiteigenschaften, insbesondere der Lagerebene 18, ab. Massgebend dabei ist die Achsenlage der Druckfeder 23, die man mit einem Grenzanschlag 28 bestimmt, der auf der Stirnfläche der Frontwand 19 befestigt ist und an welchen die Mutter 27 anlehnt.On the end face of the clamping segment 17, a threaded shaft 21 is connected in an articulated manner via a horizontal bolt 20, which is laid essentially horizontally (with respect to where the clamping segment 17 is located) through the recess in the front wall 19 in the rearward direction. A washer 22 and a compression spring 23 are pushed onto the threaded shaft 21, the compression of which can be adjusted by a nut 27. The compression spring 23 presses the washer 22, which is supported on the front wall 19, that is, depending on the orientation, the compression spring 23 of the clamping segment 17 either when moving out of the recess 53 for meshing with the toothing of the toothed rack 16 or when returning from the meshing is helpful. What is advantageous depends on the given dimensions and sliding properties, in particular the bearing level 18. The decisive factor here is the axial position of the compression spring 23, which is determined with a limit stop 28 which is fastened on the end face of the front wall 19 and to which the mother 27 rests.

Beim Spannvorgang legt man das Werkstück auf die Auflagefläche des Schlittens 8 oder hält es in der Höhe der Backen 4, 9 und verschiebt gleitend die bewegliche Baugruppe 100 in die feststehende Baugruppe 50, soweit es geht (Zustand gemäss Fig. 2). Danach beginnt man mit dem Drehen der Spannspindel 7. Dabei wird der Spannschieber 11 nach vorne gezogen, welche Verschiebung jedoch vom Spannsegment 17 nicht gefolgt werden kann. Obwohl man die Spannspindel 7 dreht, wird das Werkstück nicht zusammengepresst, bis sich das Spannsegment 17 längs der Lagerebene 18 gehoben und die Verzahnung der Zahnleiste 16 ergriffen hat. Dann bleibt der Spannschieber 11 stehen und während des weiteren Drehens der Spannspindel 7 muss sich die letztere ins Muttergewinde 5 des Spannschiebers 11 eindrehen und den Frontansatz 3 mit der Backe 4 mitdrücken, was das Einspannen des Werkstücks bedeutet.During the clamping process, the workpiece is placed on the support surface of the slide 8 or held at the height of the jaws 4, 9 and slidingly displaces the movable assembly 100 into the fixed assembly 50 as far as possible (state according to FIG. 2). Then you start turning the clamping spindle 7. The clamping slide 11 is pulled forward, but the displacement cannot be followed by the clamping segment 17. Although the clamping spindle 7 is rotated, the workpiece is not pressed together until the clamping segment 17 has been raised along the bearing plane 18 and the toothing of the toothed rack 16 has gripped. Then the clamping slide 11 stops and during the further rotation of the clamping spindle 7, the latter has to screw into the nut thread 5 of the clamping slide 11 and press the front shoulder 3 with the jaw 4, which means clamping the workpiece.

Ein Merkmal der beanspruchten Konstruktion ist es, dass man durch die Wahl der freien Länge a des Loches 15 (Fig. 2) das zulässige Ausmass des Zusammendrückens von nachgiebigen Gegenständen (Fig. 3) im voraus bestimmen kann.A feature of the claimed construction is that by choosing the free length a of the hole 15 (FIG. 2) the permissible extent of the compression of resilient objects (FIG. 3) can be determined in advance.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht im übrigen die Schaffung von modifizierten Ausführungen, z.B. mit dem Bestreben, die Verwendung der Druckfeder 23 oder überhaupt einer Feder zu vermeiden.The invention also enables the creation of modified designs, e.g. with the aim of avoiding the use of the compression spring 23 or a spring at all.

Bei der Ausführungsform Fig. 10 bis 13 ist die Spannspindel 7 durch die Frontwand 9 des Schlittens 8 verlängert, in welcher zu diesem Zweck ein zylindrisches Loch vorgesehen ist. Auf dem Endabschnitt des Schraubabschnitts 10 der Spannspindel 7 ist eine Keilmutter 36 angeordnet, gegen welche auf die Spannspindel 7 eine Keulhülse 35 aufgeschoben ist, deren Gleitungsebene derjenigen der Keilmutter 36 entgegengerichtet ist, so dass sie gemeinsam eine V-förmige Einsattlung bilden, in welche von oben das verzahnte Spannsegment 17 eingelegt ist, das gegebenenfalls im Querschnitt als ein Steg ausgebildet ist, unter welchem die Spannspindel 7 verläuft. Im wesentlichen in der waagerechten Achsebene der Spannspindel 7 ist in den linken und rechten Stehschenkel des Spannsegments 17 in entsprechenden Bohrungen 37 je ein Schenkel einer zweischenkeligen schlingeförmigen Biegefeder 34 eingelegt, die auf die Spannspindel 7 jenseits der Keilhülse 35 aufgeschoben ist. Die Biegefeder 34 ist dabei derart angeordnet, dass deren Biegeschenkel das Spannsegment 17 nach unten, d.h. weg not der Verzahnung der Zahnleiste 16, drükken.10 to 13, the clamping spindle 7 is extended by the front wall 9 of the carriage 8, in which a cylindrical hole is provided for this purpose. On the end section of the screw section 10 of the clamping spindle 7, a wedge nut 36 is arranged, against which a club sleeve 35 is pushed onto the clamping spindle 7, the sliding plane of which is opposite to that of the wedge nut 36, so that together they form a V-shaped saddle, into which Above, the toothed clamping segment 17 is inserted, which is optionally designed in cross section as a web, under which the clamping spindle 7 runs. Essentially in the horizontal axis plane of the clamping spindle 7, one leg of a two-legged loop-shaped spiral spring 34 is inserted into the left and right standing leg of the clamping segment 17 in corresponding bores 37, which leg is pushed onto the clamping spindle 7 beyond the wedge sleeve 35. The bending spring 34 is arranged in such a way that its bending leg extends the tensioning segment 17 downwards, i.e. Push away the toothing of the toothed rack 16.

Die Bie gefeder 34 stützt sich in der Achsrichtung auf eine Unterlegscheibe 33, die auf eine Schraubendruckfeder 32 aufliegt, die auf die eigentliche Spannspindel 7 aufgeschoben ist und auf ihrem anderen Ende mit einer Unterlegscheibe 31 begrenzt ist, deren Einbaulage auf der Spannspindel 7 durch einen Sicherungsring 30 bestimmt ist. Die Schraubendruckfeder 32 ist merklich stärker als die Biegefeder 34 dimensioniert.The bending spring 34 is supported in the axial direction on a washer 33, which rests on a helical compression spring 32 which is pushed onto the actual clamping spindle 7 and is delimited on its other end with a washer 31, the installation position of which on the clamping spindle 7 by a locking ring 30 is determined. The helical compression spring 32 is dimensioned significantly stronger than the spiral spring 34.

Fig. 10 zeigt die Ausgangslage; die Keilmutter 36 befindet sich in ihrer äussersten Endlage. Nachdem die bewegliche Baugruppe des Schraubstocks zum Werkstück herangeschoben worden ist, beginnt man die Spannspindel 7 zu drehen; die Mutter 36 nähert sich, die Druckfeder 32 reagiert noch nicht, doch wird das Spannsegment 17 abgehoben.Fig. 10 shows the starting position; the wedge nut 36 is in its extreme end position. After the movable assembly of the vise has been pushed towards the workpiece, one starts to turn the clamping spindle 7; the nut 36 is approaching, the compression spring 32 is not yet responding, but the clamping segment 17 is lifted off.

Das Zusammendrücken eines nachgiebigen Werkstücks ist durch die Länge des Ausschnitts im Deckenteil des Schlittens und durch das Zusammendrücken der Druckfeder 32 begrenzt.The compression of a resilient workpiece is limited by the length of the cutout in the top part of the slide and by the compression of the compression spring 32.

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 14 bis 18 ist durch Weglassen jeglicher Feder gekennzeichnet. Das Wesen dieser Konstruktion besteht darin, dass die Keilmutter 36 und das Spannsegment 17 auf der Gleitebene miteinander formschlüssig, gegebenenfalls durch die Ausbildung der Führungen in Schwalbenschwanzform (Fig. 17), gehalten werden. Zwecks Unterstützung sind in den Schlitten 8 ein Bodenansatz 41 sowie ein Deckenansatz 42 eingegliedert. Der erstere hält das Spannsegment 17 beim Heben, während der letztere die Keilmutter 36 (durchgehend) und das Spannsegment 17 beim Senken unterstützt.The embodiment according to FIGS. 14 to 18 is characterized by the omission of any spring. The essence of this construction is that the wedge nut 36 and the clamping segment 17 are held in a form-fitting manner with one another on the sliding plane, possibly by forming the guides in dovetail form (FIG. 17). For the purpose of support, a base extension 41 and a ceiling extension 42 are incorporated in the slide 8. The former holds the clamping segment 17 when lifting, while the latter supports the wedge nut 36 (continuously) and the clamping segment 17 when lowering.

Wenn das zulässige Zusammendrücken des Werkstücks erreicht ist, gleitet das Spannsegment 17 über den Bodenansatz 41 (Fig. 16).When the permissible compression of the workpiece is reached, the clamping segment 17 slides over the base shoulder 41 (FIG. 16).

Fig. 18 zeigt eine Modifizierung des Gehäuses, dessen Deckenteil 40 mit der Zahnleist einstückig ausgebildet und auf das eigentliche Gehäuse mittels Schrauben 39 befestigt ist.18 shows a modification of the housing, the cover part 40 of which is formed in one piece with the toothed strip and is fastened to the actual housing by means of screws 39.

Claims (5)

1. Hand-operated vice having a rectilinearly movable clamping jaw (4) whose turnable tie spindle (7) is by means of indented elements (16, 17) able to be connected to a stationary clamping jaw (9), and a sleeve-type housing (51) into which a rack (16) is stationarily incorporated, whose serrated teeth are oriented downwards into an oblong passage (52) of the housing (51), a slide (8) of a movable assembly (100) of the movable clamping jaw freely slidingly inserted into the housing (51), characterized in that inside the slide (8) a cocking slide (11, 36) is slidingly longitudinally guided over the tie spindle (7), the cocking slide being force-lockingly or form-lock- inglythrough its bearing plane (18) connected to a wedge-shaped straining segment (17), which is engagingly held by means of its upwardly oriented serrated gearing in a gearing of the rack (16).
2. Vice according to claim 1, characterized in that the straining segment (17) is through a horizontal bolt (20) flexibly connected to a threaded shaft (21), which is essentially horizontally positioned and is to the rear directed beyond a front wall (19) of the slide (8), the threaded shaft by its nut (27) resting on a pressure spring (23), which through a washer (22) rests upon the front wall, the freedom of the upwards deviation of the pressure spring (23) being limited by a stop abutment (28).
3. Vice according to claim 1, characterized in that the free end of the threaded section (10) which forms a part of the tie spindle (7) is inserted through the front wall (19) of the slide (8), in front of the front wall there being arranged a wedged nut (36) and opposite the latter there being arranged a wedged sleeve (35) on the tie spindle (7) encircling the latter, whereby therebetween from above and indented wedge-formed straining segment (17) is loosely inserted, which is held in continuous mating condition with the above- mentioned elements through a two-leg sling- shaped bending spring (34), which encircles the tie spindle (7) between the wedged sleeve (35) and a coil pressure spring (32), the coil pressure spring (32) being at the other end stationarily supported by means of a retaining ring (30) and separated from the latter as well as from the bending spring (34) through two washers (31, 32).
4. Vice according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure capacity of the coil pressure spring (32) is greater than the component of the friction force considered in the direction of the axis of the tie spindle (7), the friction force being generated on the wedge surfaces of the straining segment (17).
5. Vice according to claim 3, characterized in that the wedge nut (36) and the indented straining segment (7) are form-lockingly interconnected on the common slanted frictional surfaces, which results in single freedom of movement the movement section of the wedged nut (36) limited along the tie spindle (7) by a floor stop abutment (41) of the slide (8).
EP87101879A 1986-02-12 1987-02-11 Manually operable vice Expired - Lifetime EP0232908B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87101879T ATE52723T1 (en) 1986-02-12 1987-02-11 HAND OPERATED VICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
YU00197/86A YU19786A (en) 1986-02-12 1986-02-12 Mechanical vice
YU197/86 1986-02-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0232908A1 EP0232908A1 (en) 1987-08-19
EP0232908B1 true EP0232908B1 (en) 1990-05-16

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ID=25548807

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101879A Expired - Lifetime EP0232908B1 (en) 1986-02-12 1987-02-11 Manually operable vice

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EP (1) EP0232908B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE52723T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3762715D1 (en)
YU (1) YU19786A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2276372T3 (en) * 2005-06-15 2007-06-16 HB-FEINMECHANIK GMBH & CO.KG CLAMPING DEVICE WITH A COVER ELEMENT FOR EMPTYING THE SPINDLE.
CN107803553A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-03-16 张家港市明华机械制造有限公司 A kind of pipe cutting machine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE42081C (en) * G. F. GROTZ in Bissingen a. d. Enz, Post Bietigheim, Württemberg Parallel vice
AT23695B (en) * 1905-01-09 1906-04-10 Philipp Hegen Parallel vice.

Also Published As

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DE3762715D1 (en) 1990-06-21
EP0232908A1 (en) 1987-08-19
ATE52723T1 (en) 1990-06-15
YU19786A (en) 1988-10-31

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