Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
  • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
  • H02G3/02—Details
  • H02G3/06—Joints for connecting lengths of protective tubing or channels, to each other or to casings, e.g. to distribution boxes; Ensuring electrical continuity in the joint

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for sealing electrical fittings, such as junction boxes, electrical conduit, and the like, using a foamable resin composition.
• conduit seals to prevent passage of gases, vapors, or flames from one portion of an electrical installation to another through the conduit when used in areas where flammable or explosive gases and vapors may be present, such as Class 1, Group D, Division 1 or 2 installations.
• Present conduit seals are made of shatterable material, such as a mixture of litharge and glycerine, bitumen, or a coal tar and resin composition, such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,902,006, or foam materials such as silicone rubber, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,401,491 or siloxane foam disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,259,455.
• the present invention relates to a method of sealing electrical fittings by foaming a removable, temperature resistant, flame retardant, solvent, gas, and vapor resistant, substantially closed cell isocyanurate foam in situ and to sealed electrical fittings containing such foam.
• the isocyanurate foam preferably is prepared from a two-part, liquid, foamable, curable composition having the parts stored in separate containers. The parts are mixed when the composition is to be applied and the mixture is placed in the electrical fitting and allowed to foam and cure in place.
• the cured isocyanurate foam provides an excellent seal in the electrical fitting which reduces the likelihood that gases, vapors, or flames will enter the fitting and pass from one portion of the electrical system to another.
• the cured isocyanurate foam also provides an excellent seal in telephone conduit systems, piping systems, etc., thus reducing the likelihood that liquids, vapors, or flames will enter the system or pass therethrough.
• FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conduit fitting sealed according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a junction box sealed according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cable duct sealed according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cured foam density in a device sealed according to the invention as related to overpacking of the foam in the device.
• the cured isocyanurate foam of the present invention provides a seal against passage of most industrial gases or vapors through electrical fittings in which it is installed, is not affected by the surrounding atmosphere or liquids in most industrial settings, and has a melting point in excess of 100 C, usually above 175 C.
• a two-part liquid, foamable, curable, isocyanurate resin composition is mixed and poured into an electrical fitting, such as a conduit fitting or junction box, in sufficient quantity that the resin composition will fill the device upon foaming.
• the resin composition is allowed to foam, filling the fitting, and then allowed to cure, forming a substantially closed cell, easily removable, temperature resistant, flame retardant, gas and vapor resistant seal in the fitting.
• the cured foam is a rigid, non-rubbery, friable material which can easily be removed from the electrical fitting, using a tool such as a screwdriver or knife, without damage to the fitting or the wiring within the fitting.
• the cured isocyanurate foam which forms the seal in the present invention is a substantially closed cell foam which resists passage of vapors when installed in an electrical fitting.
• the cured foam preferably has a compressive strength, as measured by ASTM Test Method D-1621, of about 200-400 psi
• the cream time and cure rate of the foam can be widely varied. Generally a cream time of about 2 to 10 minutes and a tack-free time of 5 to 20 minutes is preferred.
• the cured foam preferably has a density of about 5-15 lb/ft 3 (80 to 240 kg/m 3 ) , more preferably about 7-12 lb/ft 3 (110 to 200 kg/m 3 ).
• the density of the cured foam is less than about 5 lb/ft (80 kg/m )
• the foam generally has insufficient strength and tends to crumble.
• the density of the cured foam is greater than about 15 lb/ft 3 (240 kg/m ⁇ ) , the foam can be difficult to remove.
• the density of the cured foam is dependent on the expansion of the foam in unconstrained foaming and the degree of overpacking caused by the constraint provided by the fitting being filled.
• overpacking is the amount of resin composition used in excess of that needed to fill a cavity under free rise (unconstrained) conditions. A sufficient amount of resin composition should be used that the cavity is filled, but overpacking should not occur to the extent that the density of the cured foam exceeds about 15 lb/ft 3 (240 kg/m 3 ).
• the cured foam of the present invention is flame retardant, i.e., self-extinguishing, and preferably has the following flammability characteristics when tested according to the test method of ASTM E-162-67:
• the cured isocyanurate foam used in the present invention is solvent resistant, i.e., resistant to solvents found in the environment in which it is used.
• solvent resistance means that the cured isocyanurate foam, after 10 days submersion in a selected solvent such as hexane, ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, toluene, 1,2-dichloroethane, methanol, 2-propanol, petroleum naphtha, methyl ethyl ketone, and acetonitrile, exhibits no visible signs of degradation and retains at least about fifty percent, preferably about seventy-five percent, of ⁇ the compressive strength before immersion in the solvent.
• a selected solvent such as hexane, ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, toluene, 1,2-dichloroethane, methanol, 2-propanol, petroleum naphtha, methyl ethyl ketone,
• an electrician installs conduit 10 and conduit fitting 12, and threads wires 14 through the conduit 10.
• the seal plug 18 is removed from the fitting and nonflammable packing material 20, such as glass wool, ceramic wool, etc., is inserted in the fitting to prevent flow of resin beyond the area which is to be sealed.
• nonflammable packing material 20 such as glass wool, ceramic wool, etc.
• installation of packing material 20 only at the lower ° portion of the fitting to be sealed generally suffices.
• the isocyanurate resin composition is then mixed (if in two parts) and poured into the fitting 12 through a suitable opening such as orifice 22 in sufficient amount to fill the void space in the fitting
• the resin composition is preferably not brought in contact with the threads of the fitting or plug as the adhesive properties of the cured resin may cause difficulty
• junction boxes can be similarly sealed as shown in Figure 2.
• the conduit 30 and junction box 32 are installed and wiring 34 is threaded through the conduit 30
• junction box 32 Electrical connections 36 are made and packing material 38 is inserted in the junction box at points where conduit is connected to prevent flow of resin into the conduit.
• the isocyanurate resin composition is then mixed (if in two parts)
• the junction box cover (not shown) is then secured to the junction box and the resin composition is permitted to foam and cure.
• the cured foam 40 may then be inspected, if desired, by removal of the cover.
• the foam sealant material can be easily removed.
• the seal plug of the conduit fitting or the cover of the junction box is removed and the sealant material is fragmented to an extent sufficient to expose the wiring using a tool such as a screwdriver or knife.
• the fragmented sealant material is then brushed, vacuumed or otherwise removed from the fitting and the packing material is removed. Wiring can then be repaired, rerouted, or otherwise modified as desired. After the wiring modifications are complete, the fitting may again be sealed using the method of the invention as described above.
• the isocyanurate resin composition is used to seal cable duct 50.
• Packing material 52 which may be in the form of a web strip (shown), flexible foam sheet, rags, cardboard template, etc. is placed around the cable 51 within the duct 50 several inches from the end of the duct to form a first barrier.
• a second piece of packing ma ' terial 54 is placed around the cable 51 at the end of the duct to form a second barrier spaced from the first barrier.
• risers i.e., vertical ducts
• installation of packing material 54 only at the lower portion of the riser to be sealed generally suffices.
• duct is used to refer to both horizontal installations, commonly called “ducts” and vertical installations commonly called “risers”.
• a tube 56 is temporarily inserted between packing material 54 and duct 50 such that one end of the tube is within the space formed by packing materials 52 and 54 and the other end protrudes from the duct.
• Resin composition is mixed and fed into the space between packing materials 52 and 54 through tube 56 in sufficient quantity to fill the space upon foaming and to provide a seal 58 having a cured foam density of 5 to 15 lb/ft 3 (80 to 240 kg/m 3 ).
• Tube 56 is removed after insertion of the resin composition.
• the foam sealant can be easily removed.
• the end of the duct is exposed, packing material 54 is removed, the foam sealant is fragmented using a tool such as a knife or screwdriver and removed and then packing material 52 is removed.
• the cable can then be changed and the duct can be resealed.
• Isocyanurate resin compositions useful in the present invention preferably are of the type disclosed and described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,635,848 and 3,697,485.
• the isocyanurate resins used in the present invention are preferably provided as a two-part ' composition which is mixed at the time of application.
• Part A of the composition is a prereaction product of an isocyanate reactant material and a polyol.
• Part A may also contain a low molecular weight diol.
• Part B of the composition is a mixture of catalysts useful in effecting polymerization or cure of the polyisocyanate-polyol reaction mixture to form the isocyanurate resin, fire retardant fillers, and other additives such as water to cause foaming, foam stabilizers, chain extending agents, cocatalysts, and coreactants which affect molecular weight, flexi ⁇ bility, cross-link density, and compressive strength of the cured foam.
• the isocyanate reactant materials which can be trimerized to make isocyanurates are known in the prior art (e.g., see U.S. Patent No. 3,054,755) and can be represented by the general formula R(NCO) n where R is aryl, alkyl, or cycloalkyl, and n is 1 to 5.
• Preferred isocyanates are the aromatic isocyanates.
• mono-isocyanates which can be trimerized to form isocyanurate compounds include phenyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate, p-tolyl isocyanate, 1-naphthyl isocyanate, n-propyl benzyl isocyanate, o-tolyl iso ⁇ cyanate, p-methoxyphenyl isocyanate, o-chlorophenyl isocyanate, p-nitrophenyl isocyanate, and p-phenyl- methylene phenyl isocyanate.
• Polyisocyanates can also be polymerized or trimerized to form crosslinked polyisocyanurates, such polyisocyanates being trimerized per se with a catalyst or in admixture with a polyol.
• Representative polyisocyanates which can be used are aromatic polyisocyanates such as toluene diiso- cyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and xylene diisocyanate.
• 4,4 '-diphenyl methane diisocyanate is particularly preferred in that it is readily reactive with the preferred polyols to give products having the desired properties, and is economically available commercially.
• diisocyanates include m- or p-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diiso ⁇ cyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 3,3 '-dimethyl-4,4 ' -biphenylene diisocyanate, and dimer acid diisocyanates.
• Other useful polyisocyanates include polyisocyanate compositions obtained by phos- genating the polyamines obtained by condensing formal ⁇ dehyde with aromatic amines. Examples of polyisocyanates thus produced are the polymethylene polyphenyl isocy ⁇ anates.
• a list of useful commercially available poly ⁇ isocyanates is found in "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology," Kirk-Othmer, 2nd Ed., Vol. 12, pp. 46-47, Interscience Pub., N.Y. (1967).
• NCO-capped prepolymers can also be trimerized with catalysts to produce urethane-modified polyisocyanurates. Such prepolymers can also be used in admixture with polyols and the mixture catalyzed to produce products with urethane and isocyanurate linkages.
• Such NCO-capped prepolymers are well known ( see U-S> p a tent Nos. 3,073,802 and 3,054,755) and are generally prepared by reacting an excess of polyisocyanates, such as an aromatic diisocyanate, with polyalkylene ether glycols, or polyester glycols. Suitable NCO-capped prepolymers are sold under the trademarks "Multrathane" and "Adiprene".
• the isocyanate can also be used in the form of a blocked isocyanate.
• the polyol component of the polyisocyanate polyol reaction mixture is preferably a low molecular weight polyalkylene ether polyol, but can also be a low molecular weight nonpolymeric polyol, or a polyester or polyester amide containing reactive hydroxyl groups.
• Preferred polyols have a number average molecular weight between about 250 and 2,000.
• the polyol preferably should have an average polyol or hydroxyl equivalent weight between about 130 and 400 (i.e., one active -OH group per 130 to 400 molecular weight of polymer) and a crosslink density of about 1 crosslink per 400 to 2,000 atomic weight units.
• preferred polyether polyols are polypropylene ether polyols or polybutylene ether polyols, such as the glycols represented by the formula
• polyalkylene ether polyols are condensates of ethylene, propylene, or butylene oxide with pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, methylglucosides, or low molecular weight polyols, such as propylene glycol, tri-, tetra-, penta-, or hexa-methylene glycols, 1,3-butylene glycol, l,3-(2 ethyl) hexanediol, 2,2, 4-trimethyl-l, 3-pentanediol, trimethylol propane, 1,2, 6-hexanetriol, or phenyl- diisopropanolamine.
• the low molecular weight polyols mentioned above can also be used, and preferably blended, with polymeric polyols as components in the reaction mixture.
• Useful polyesters include castor oil, derivatives thereof, and those polyesters generally prepared by the esterification reaction of an organic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride with an alkylene oxide polyol.
• Preferred alkylene oxide polyols are ethylene, propylene, and butylene oxide polyester polyols having two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule.
• the acid or anhydride may be selected from a wide variety of polybasic acids, such as malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, sebacic, acids prepared by dimerization or trimerization of unsaturated 18 carbon fatty acids and others.
• the reactants are combined in molecular ratios to provide hydroxyl terminating groups on the polyester molecules. In the formation of these polyesters, it is quite common to provide mixtures of acids and anhydrides with mixtures of glycols and other polyols.
• the acid number may be controlled by methods known in the art, and is usually less than 5.
• the prereaction product of the isocyanate reactant material and the polyol can be prepared by heating the isocyanate reactant material and the polyol together for a period of time, e.g., one to six hours, as is well known in the art.
• Catalysts may be employed in the preparation of the prepolymer. Suitable catalysts include tertiary amines, such as dimethylcyclohexyl amines, triethylamine,
• 1,2,4-trimethylpiperazine or heavy metal compounds soluble in the reaction system such as iron-acetoacetate and dibutyltin dilaurate and mixtures thereof.
• the polyol-polyisocyanate reaction mixture cured with the catalyst of this invention can have NCO/OH equivalent ratios in the range of 1/1 to 12/1, and even higher, e.g., 20/1 to 40/1, preferably at least 1.2/1 since below the latter ratio the product will contain unreacted or free hydroxyl groups (which have a plasticizing function) and may be too flexible.
• Products made from reaction mixtures having NCO/OH ratios of 1/1 to 1.2/1 can be characterized as isocyanurate-modified polyurethanes, the isocyanurate content generally being at least 1.0 wt. percent of the product.
• urethane-modified polyisocyanurates Those products made from reaction mixtures with NCO/OH ratios of 1.2/1 and greater, e.g., 3/1 to 12/1, can be characterized as urethane-modified polyisocyanurates, the isocyanurate content being generally at least 5.0 weight percent of the product.
• the preferred products are those which are highly crosslinked by reason of having about 20 to 80 percent of the -NCO groups of the polyisocyanate reactant converted into isocyanurate linkages.
• the polyisocyanurate resins used in this invention preferably have sufficient isocyanurate linkages in the polymer backbone to provide a heat stable product, e.g., a product which retains 75 to 100 percent of its room temperature hardness when heated at elevated temperature, e.g., 1 hour at 150 to 250°F.
• Catalysts useful in the isocyanurate resin composition are those catalysts which promote room temperature curing of the applied mixed resin composition.
• Useful catalysts include various trimerization catalysts disclosed in Polyu-r'ethane Chemistry; Technology, Part 1, J. H. Saunders et al., Interscience Publications, N.Y., 1962, p. 94, U.S. Patent No.
• Useful catalysts also include alkoxyborates, xanthates, polyvalent metal compounds, tertiary amines and tertiary amine alcohols.
• a preferred combination of catalysts include tetraalkoxyborate catalysts (see U.S. Patent No. 3,635,848) and certain compounds of polyvalent metals, such as tin, lead or mercury.
• the amount of catalyst used in polymerizing the isocyanate-polyol reaction mixture will vary, depending on the particular catalyst used, the ingredients in the mixture, and the desired rate of cure.
• the amount of catalyst used will be that amount sufficient to catalyze the polymerization or trimerization of the reaction mixture under the conditions in which the mixture is applied. Further, the type and amount of catalyst are selected to provide a cream time for the reaction mixture of at least about 90 seconds, preferably about five to ten minutes, to permit mixing and application of the material to the site to be sealed. As a general guide, the amount of catalyst will be less than 10 weight percent of the isocyanate-polyol prereaction product, and preferably from 0.5 to 5 weight percent of the prereaction product.
• Fire retardant agents can be utilized in the isocyanurate resin composition to enhance fire resistance of the composition.
• Suitable fire retardant agents include polyvinyl chloride, antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide, and phosphorous compounds such as phosphates, e.g., tricresyl phosphate, phosphites, phosphorates and compounds disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,257,337 and U.S. Patent No. 3,245,922.
• the amount of fire retardant agent used will be that amount sufficient to provide the desired flammability resistance for the intended application.
• the amount of fire retardant agent typically will be from about 5 to 10 weight percent of the iso ⁇ cyanate-polyol prereaction product, and preferably from about 5 to 6 weight percent of the prereaction product.
• Blowing agents are added to form the foam from the isocyanurate resin composition, the amount of blowing agent used controlling the foam density.
• Any of the known blowing agents such as water, freon, acetone, and methylene chloride may be used. Water is the preferred blowing agent due to its low cost and the excellent density control which can be achieved.
• the density of the isocyanurate foam preferably is sufficient to maintain the electrical fitting vapor resistant and gas resistant while permitting easy removal of the sealant from the fitting when rewiring is to be done.
• the amount of water used preferably should be about 0.25 to 0.60 weight percent, more preferably 0.35 to 0.45 weight percent of the isocyanate-polyol prereaction product.
• Chain extending or crosslinking agents may be added to Part B of the composition to achieve the desired crosslink density of the cured foam.
• Chain extending or crosslinking agents such as polyols and polycarboxylic acid, are useful in causing the cured product to be chain extended and highly crosslinked.
• Polyether polyols are preferred crosslinking agents. Examples of commercially available polyether polyols include “Pluracol” TP-440, “Pluracol” TP-740, and “Pluracol” PEP 550 (BASF Chemical Company), “Voranol” 370, “Voranol” 490, and “Voranol” 800 (Dow Chemical
• the amount of chain extending agent used will vary depending on the particular chain extending or crosslinking agents selected. Functionally stated, the amount of chain extending or crosslinking agent will be that amount sufficient to provide the desired crosslink density in the cured foam. As a general rule, the amount of chain extending or crosslinking agent preferably will be in the range of about 10 to 30 weight percent, more preferably from about 14 to
• Hardness modifying agents can also be included in Part B of the composition.
• Such hardness modifying agents include diamines such as diethanol amine, dibutanol amine, di-n-propylamine, and di-n-butylamine, mono-isocyanates, such as phenyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate, and p-tolyl isocyanate, and alcohols such as 1,4-butane diol, trimethylol propane, "Butyl Cellosolve", available from Union Carbide Co., "Butyl Carbitol", also available from Union Carbide Co., oleyl alcohol, etc.
• the amount of hardness modifying agent used preferably will be in the range of about 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent of the isocyanate-polyol prereaction product and more preferably from about 0.15 to 4.0 weight percent of the prereaction product.
• foam stabilizing agents such as silicone oils, organo-silicones such as poly- dialkylsiloxanes and polyoxyalkylene/siloxane copolymers, perfluoroalkylamines such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,378,399, e.g., N-butyl perfluorooctanesulfon- amidoethylamine, and perfluoroalkylalcohols such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,880,782, e.g., N-butyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoethylalcohol, can also be incorporated into the reaction mixture to improve porosity control of the foamed product.
• the amount of foam stabilizing agent used is preferably in a range of 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent of the isocyanate-polyol prereaction product and more preferably from about 0.13 to 0.30 weight percent of the prereaction product.
• Glass bubbles may also be advantageously incorporated into the reaction mixture to increase friability of the cured foam.
• the glass bubbles preferably have a density of 0.15 to 0.30 g/cc.
• Glass bubbles may preferably be added in amounts of 10 to 12 weight percent, but can be added in amounts as great as 40 weight percent.
• Example 1 Part A of the resin composition was prepared by adding 500 parts 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate to a flask equipped with a stirrer, heater, and reflux condenser maintained under nitrogen atmosphere. 83.9 parts Niax 2025, a polypropylene glycol available from Union Carbide Co. having a molecular weight of about 2000, were then added to the flask with stirring. To this mixture was gradually added 76.6 parts tripropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200. The resulting mixture was heated to 64 C with continued stirring. As the mixture began to exotherm, the reaction was allowed to progress and the flask was cooled as needed to prevent the temperature of the mixture from exceeding 80 C. After one-half hour, the temperature was adjusted to 64 C and thus maintained for one hour. The resulting polyol-polyiso- cyanate reaction mixture was allowed to cool to ambient conditions and was ready for use.
• Part B of the resin composition was prepared by mixing the following ingredients.
• the solvents included cyclohexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, 2-propanol, petroleum naphtha, and acetonitrile.
• the foam exhibited excellent solvent resistance to the solvents in which it was immersed, with none of the solvents causing any significant degradation.
• Swelling of the samples was low, 1,2-dichloroethane and methyl ethyl ketone causing the greatest swelling, 19% and 21% volume expansion respectively.
• Solvent absorption was low, the greatest absorption occurring with methyl ethyl ketone and ethyl acetate, 18% and 20%, respectively.
• the compressive strength of the samples was not significantly reduced, the greatest reduction in compressive strength occurring .with 1,2-dichloroethane where the
• Example 2 Three strands of No. 14 wire were pulled through an "XYB 3" conduit seal fitting, (center and upper access plug) manufactured by the Adalet Division of Seatl Fitzer Co., having about 10" of conduit attached at each hub of the fitting. The access caps were removed from the fitting and "Chico X" fiber, available from
• Crouse-Hinds Co. was packed in the openings in the hubs of each end of the fitting.
• the fitting was placed in a vertical position and the center access plug was replaced.
• the resin composition of Example 1 was provided in a three compartment, flexible, disposable pack, the first compartment containing 100 g of Part A, the second compartment containing 25 g of Part B, and the third compartment being provided with an applicator nozzle.
• the partition between the first and second compartments was ruptured and Parts A and B of the resin composition were mixed by squeezing the pack by hand for about 30 seconds.
• the partition between the second and third compartments was then ruptured and sufficient resin composition was discharged from the pack through the upper access opening of the fitting to fill the fitting cavity about one-third full.
• the upper access plug was replaced and the resin composition was allowed to foam and cure. After 20 hours, the access plugs were removed. Visual observation showed the fitting cavity to be filled and sealed with cured foam. The cured foam was friable and was easily removed by use of a screwdriver. The packing fiber was also removed. The wiring was easily pulled from the fitting through the conduit. The fitting was rewired and again sealed using the procedure set forth above.
• Part A was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
• Part B was prepared by mixing the following ingredients: Pluracol TP 440 7.12
• Part A Six parts of Part A were mixed with 1 part of Part B to form the isocyanurate foam.
• the cream time was 2 minutes and the tack-free time was 5-10 minutes.
• this mixture formed a friable foam that could readily be removed from electrical fixtures.
• the properties of the cured foam are shown in Table 2.
• Example 6 Part A was prepared by mixing 10 parts of the composition of Part A of Example 1 and 1 part of glass bubbles (500 angstroms diameter; 0.23 g/cc). Part B was prepared by adding 5 parts of similar glass bubbles to Part B of Example 5. 5 parts of Part A were mixed with 1 part of Part B. The cream time was 2 minutes and the tack-free time was 5-8 minutes. This foam was very friable and when cured could be removed from an electrical fitting even more readily than the foam compositions of Examples
• the properties of the cured foam are shown in Table 2.
• Table 2 below the following test methods were used to determine the properties.
• the density, compressive strength, and water absorption were determined using ASTM Test Methods D-1622, D-1621, and D-2127, respectively.
• the dimensional stability was determined by heating a 7.6 cm (3 in.) wide, 30.5 cm (12 in.) long, 1.27 cm (0.5 in.) thick sample at 121°C (250°F) for two hours under vacuum of 50.8 cm (20 in.) Hg, cooling to 48.8°C (120 F) , and measuring the change in thickness. Flammability was determined using ASTM Test Method E-162-67.
• Resin compositions were prepared as in Example 1 except that the amount of water in Part B was 0.5g (Example 7) 0.8g (Example 8) and 1.25g (Example 9) to provide foams having varying densities.
• Various amounts of each resin composition were placed in 140 ml closed containers and allowed to foam and cure. The amount of overpacking for each sample was calculated and the density was measured. The results are shown in Table 3 and in FIG. 4 where X represents Example 7, Y represents Example 8, and Z represents Example 9. Taole 3
• Example Resin Composition ( g ) Overpacking (%) Density (lb/ft )
• the cured foam density is related to the free-rise foam density and the amount of overpacking of the foam in the container. To achieve a cured foam density of less than 15 lb/ft (80 to 240 kg/m ) , as shown in
• the maximum density at which the foam is friable and easily removed, overpacking for foam having the above-specified free-rise densities should not exceed those set forth in Table 4.
• overpacking for foam having the above-specified free-rise densities is also set forth in Table 4.

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• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

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• 1985
  • 1985-08-09 JP JP50363385A patent/JPS63500490A/ja active Pending
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