EP0228460A1 - Procede et appareil de promotion de reactions biologiques et chimiques dans une base en silice inorganique a grande surface sur des fibres - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de promotion de reactions biologiques et chimiques dans une base en silice inorganique a grande surface sur des fibres

Info

Publication number
EP0228460A1
EP0228460A1 EP19860904634 EP86904634A EP0228460A1 EP 0228460 A1 EP0228460 A1 EP 0228460A1 EP 19860904634 EP19860904634 EP 19860904634 EP 86904634 A EP86904634 A EP 86904634A EP 0228460 A1 EP0228460 A1 EP 0228460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibrous base
microbes
reaction
enzymes
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19860904634
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert A. Clyde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0228460A1 publication Critical patent/EP0228460A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
    • C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
    • C12M25/14—Scaffolds; Matrices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/14—Rotation or movement of the cells support, e.g. rotated hollow fibers

Definitions

  • the process and apparatus of the present invention relates to coating of fibers for improved adherence of microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals to enhance chemical reactions between a chemical and the microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals.
  • U.S. Patent 4,149,936 also issued to Messing et al "teaches the use of an immobilized microbe composite comprising porous high surface area inorganic support having a controlled population of fungus-like microbes bonded to the internal surfaces of the pores.
  • High specific gravity is a liability and not an asset. It has been found that by rotating at a greater speed, a faster reaction can be obtained. The fast rotation tends to dislodge the support, however, by centrifugal force. In larger units, the outer tip speed is greater, making the problem even more acute. In the numerous commercial installations of rotary biological contacters, there have been several serious shaft failures. Heavy materials add to this ongoing problem. High void space is highly desirable, not high heavy solid content. Also, fritted glass and a cordierite monolith are relatively expensive.
  • the process comprises the steps of providing a fibrous base, introducing a high area inorganic material on the fibrous base, absorbing the high area inorganic material into the fibrous base to form a treated fibrous base, introducing a slurry of microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals into the treated fibrous base, adhering or entrapping the microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals on the treated fibrous base, and contacting a chemical solution with the microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals adhered to the treated fibrous base for producing an enhanced reaction between the chemical solution and the microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals.
  • the process comprises providing a reaction chamber, providing a fibrous base within the chamber, introducing and saturating the fibrous base with a silica compound within the chamber, flowing a solution containing microbes through the saturated fibrous base, the microbes adhering to the silica compound particles on the fibrous base, providing means on the fibrous base for adhering the microbes to the fibrous base, flowing a - 4 - solution through the silica compound containing microbes for developing a reaction therein, and moving the fibrous base at a rate to enhance the chemical reaction within the chamber yet below the rate whereby the microbes would no longer adhere to the fibrous base.
  • the apparatus comprises a reaction chamber, support means contained in the reaction chamber for accommodating a fibrous base material throughout substantially the entire reaction chamber, a reaction base material further comprising fibers, adhering means introduced into the reaction chamber for adhering material to the fibers, having high porocity characteristics, the adhering means being absorbed or entrapped into the fibers, microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals adhered onto and within the pores of the adhering means, and means for moving the support means inside of the reaction chamber so that upon introduction of a fluid into the reaction chamber, the reaction between the fluid and microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals is enhanced, the inside of the reaction chamber being moved at a rate below which the microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals would no longer adhere to the fibrous base during the reaction.
  • the process and apparatus enhance the chemical reactions, for example, the rate of fermentation, between microbes, enzymes or catalytic metals contained within the apparatus and chemical solutions routed therethrough utilizing a flexible, lightweight fiber support means, an inorganic support (diatoms) and organic fibers (cotton fibers) .
  • a flexible, lightweight fiber support means such as an inorganic support (diatoms) and organic fibers (cotton fibers) .
  • Other types of natural or synthetic fibers may be used such as nitrocellulose, nylon or graphite fibers.
  • the fibers can be coated with natural polymers such as collagen or dextran, for immobilizing animal cells or viruses. In the Pharmacia Co. Catalog 86, pg. 132, 73 types of cells and 19 viruses are listed which can be coated on collagen.
  • Cells which may be cultured include kidney cells, embryo fibroblasts, acrophages, pancreas, hepatocytes, pituitary ceils, amniotic fluid cells, muscle, skeletal and heart, endotheli-al cells, thyroid, embryonic lungT * foreskin cells, embryonic kidney, embryo fibroblasts, lung fibroblasts, glial cells, secondary kidney, skin fibroblast, human bone marrow, human ono ⁇ ytic leukemia, human foreskin (Down's), human nasal carcinoma, human conjunctive "D", human liver, human fibrosarcoma, human embryo kidney, human atrial appendage, human larynx carcinoma, human melanoma, human glioraa, human osteosarcoma, human oral carcinoma, human colon carcinoma, human kidney carcinoma, human skin epithelium, human synovial fluid, human fibroblasts, human thyroid carcinoma, mouse adrenal cortex tumour, mouse neuroblastoma, mouse fibroblasts, mouse L-cells,
  • Viruses which may be grown in the cells include polio, rabies, rubella, influenza, Sindbis, sendai, rous sarcoma, herpes, adeno, SV40, polyoma, pseudorabies, vaccinia, foot and mouth, vesicular stomatitis.
  • the apparatus may comprise a container tank, a central rotatable shaft mounted therein, a plurality of spoke members radiating outward from the central shaft and a fibrous material contained between the series of spokes.
  • the fibrous material is preferably coated with a diatomaceous earth composite which has a density less than water, such as a Dicalite or Celite particles.
  • the particles are useful for the attachment of organisms and catalytic metal such as nickel, for hydrogenation.
  • the fibers may be coated with finely divided clay for surface adherence of the enzymes thereto.
  • the tank would be flushed with a fluid for example, so that fermentation would be achieved in a relatively short amount of time, and the microbes adhering to the Dicalite or enzymes to clay would be more readily adhered and not washed away by the passage of the solution therethrough.
  • an organic or inorganic fibrous material is provided within a chamber.
  • the fibrous material should have the ability to absorb or entrap particulate materials such as diatomaceous earth, which is an amorphous mineral consisting mostly of silica having a specific gravity lower than water which is due to the granular configuration of the diatomaceous earth.
  • the particles have the ability to entrap microbes or the like within the interior structure of the particle.
  • an embodiment of the process would include treating the organic fibrous material such as cotton or polyester with a solution containing finely divided clay, which for the most part is totally non-porous, but due to having an uneven surface, would achieve adherence of the enzymes onto the surface of the clay, and therefore would in addition to maintaining the enzymes adhering within the fiber would also again lend itself to a more efficient and thorough chemical reaction chamber.
  • the treated fibrous material following the treatment of the fibrous material with the diatomaceous earth, in the case for adhering microbes therethrough, or treating a material with finely divided clay in the embodiment for reacting enzymes, the treated fibrous material would then be subjected to a solution such as a fermenter solution whereby the solution is reacted over a vast surface area of diatomaceous earth containing organisms, thus accomplishing a speedier and more efficient reaction.
  • a solution such as a fermenter solution
  • the solution is reacted over a vast surface area of diatomaceous earth containing organisms, thus accomplishing a speedier and more efficient reaction.
  • the fibrous materials would be positioned between plates or the like and rotated so that a greater contact with the surface area of the material and the reactant solution would be undertaken in the process.
  • Thereforerpit is an object of the present invention to provide a process for coating fibrous material for enhancing chemical reactions between organisms such as bacteria and solutions coming into contact with the organisms.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the tank apparatus illustrating the fibrous materials contained therein of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional end view of the spoked member of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side partial cutaway cross-sectional side view of the tank portion of the present invention illustrating the flow of fluid through a pair of spoked members containing fiber in the apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 4-A is a detailed view of the spring in Figure 4.
  • Figure 5 is a top and partial side view of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 5-A is an end view of the reactor of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention illustrating the flow of fluid therethrough
  • Figure 8 is a detailed view of a portion of the fluid flow chambers of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figures 10 and 10-A are views of a filter for entrapping diatoms on fiber.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional side view of Figure 9.
  • FIGURES 1-3 illustrate the preferred embodiment of the apparatus 10 used in the process of the present invention.
  • Apparatus 10 would generally comprise a cylindrical tank 12 having a continuous outer wall portion 14 and first and second end portions 16 and 18 (not seen) the wall portions 14, 16 and 18 defining an interior reaction chamber 20 therewithin.
  • tank 12 is provided with a central shaft 22 so that rotation of shaft 22 imparts rotation to the fibers inside tank 12.
  • This means 24 as seen particularly in side view in FIGURE 2, comprises a plurality of radiating spokes 26 radiating outward from shaft 22 with the furthest end portions 28 of each of spokes 26 supporting a continuous side wall 30 so that means 24 defines a spoked wheel member with external wall portion 30 and spokes 26 serving to allow fluid flow as indicated by arrows 32 therethrough during the coating process.
  • the plurality of spoked wheel members 24 are positioned upon shaft 22 in a stacking manner with a certain thickness of fibrous material 36 between each spoked member 24 so that there is provided within reaction chamber 20 a continuous fiber reaction medium between the spoke members 24.
  • This provides ideal means for adhering the coating means such as diatoms or finely divided clay so that bacteria will adhere thereto.
  • fibrous material contained intermediate the plurality of spoked members 24 would be of the type such as a cotton or polyester toweling having an abundance of cotton-like fibers so that a slurry of coating material could be adhered thereon.
  • the material which would be coated onto the fibers would be a diatomaceous earth material such as Dicalite 4200 manufactured by Gref ⁇ o Company, or various types of similar material which are marketed under the brand names of Perlite, Dicalite, Celite, or Diatomite and generally comprising the—compounds of sodium, potassium, aluminum silicate or silica.
  • Dicalite 4200 manufactured by Gref ⁇ o Company
  • Perlite, Dicalite, Celite, or Diatomite and generally comprising the—compounds of sodium, potassium, aluminum silicate or silica.
  • This material consists of very small, large-surface particles wherein an attachment of organisms or catalytic metals can take place. That is, the internal structure of this type of material is such that the organisms can adhere to the various workings of the surface area and not be washed out during the reaction process.
  • a measured amount of, for example Dicalite 4200 manufactured by Grefco Company would be slurried into distilled water and the quantity allowed to be vacuumed through the chamber to soak into the fibrous materials in preparation for the reaction.
  • the fibers inside the apparatus are then rotated so that there is a complete soaking of the Dicalite into the fibrous materials.
  • a slurry of the diatoms can be poured into the assembled reactor through the top thereof while it is rotating to entrap the diatoms in the fibers without the use of a vacuum.
  • the internal tank would be sterilized with steam or the like in preparation for the introduction of organisms.
  • the diameter of the chamber increases from the end portion 18 toward the end portion 16 so that the fluid is exposed to more surface area as it moves through the reactor.
  • a light 23 would shine through window 23A and—for aerobic reactions such as penicillin production air would be sparged in through valve 40.
  • Some animal cells are shear sensitive to bursting bubbles so the reactor can be run half full and air passed through the top instead of sparged in the bottom.
  • organisms such as bacteria
  • inoculating or incubating and reacting by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the microbes will attach themselves to the various portions of intricate surface area of the individual Dicalite particles, and will increase the adhesion of the microbes onto the particles.
  • the tank is ready to receive the fluid medium, depending on the type of reaction one is seeking, and a great increase in reaction rate is noted during the flow of the fluid medium through the tank.
  • Dicalite or Celite slurry would enter tank 12 and be absorbed between spokes 26 into fibrous material 36.
  • the spokes 26 which are hollow would allow a vacuum applied through shaft 22 to draw the fluid through fiber 36 as the fiber 36 is held in position tight against spokes 26 adjacent the shaft.
  • the tank would then be sterilized and proceed to perform fermentation or other service by inoculating, incubating and reacting by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the shaft member 22 is then turned at suitable revolutions per minute. Adhesion can be measured accordingly.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates, as in FIGURE 2, the flow of fluid as indicated by arrows 32 through fiber 36 and into central shaft member 22 as the vacuum is placed on the apparatus for-pulling the Dicalite slurry into the apparatus and coating the fiber layer 36 in the process. .
  • a table 32A positioned next to a tank 41.
  • a fiber sheet (not illustrated) is placed on the top portion of table 32A so as to cover holes 33 as seen in the FIGURE.
  • a vacuum is applied through external pipe member 34 and a slurry of Dicalite or Celite is then pumped onto the fiber and the Dicalite or Celite is sucked into the fiber via the vacuum and out of pipe 34 thus coating the fiber with the Dicalite or Celite layer.
  • the fiber then is pulled over the edge 35 with the individual layer of fibrous material then overlapping a wire member 42-A and 42-B contained in tank 41 and the fiber 40A is then stapled to the wire via staples and allowed to fall into the tank.
  • This process would include a multitude of fiber sheets arranged this way so that there is practically a continuous layer of fibrous material contained in the tank hanging from the individual rod members.
  • lid 44 would then be closed and sealed and the tank would then be sterilized.
  • a solution containing organisms would then be pumped in to complete the process.
  • a reciprocating motor (not shown) would pull the rod 45 which would then cause the fibers to move so that spring member 46 would then pull it back to position.
  • Rod 45 would be provided with a flexible covering to prevent contamination in the reactor. It has been found that when adjacent fibers move in opposite directions a faster reaction occurs, so the following simple apparatus is able to accomplish this.
  • the lower bars 48-A and 48-B are attached to lower wire 42-A.
  • a pulley 49 at the end of said tank 41 transmits motion in one direction to motion in the opposite direction to the top wire 42-B.
  • spring 46 When spring 46 is extended, it then pulls the top wires back. This back and forth movement would cause the organisms which are attached to the diatomaceous earth or other material to move so that a more complete and efficient reaction of the organisms with the solution would take place.
  • gases In the event gases are evolved, the gases would then escape through a vent 50-B in the cover.
  • lid 44 could be provided with windows or the like to allow light to enter the closed container during the reaction process to further enhance the process.
  • a screw conveyor 50C would be provided to withdraw the droppings from the collector bin.
  • a vibrator would be put in through the top to bend the fiber supports, to dislodge any cane fibers which could clog the openings.
  • tank 41 is deeper at the fluid exit end so the fluid is exposed to more surface area as it moves through the tank.
  • doubled wall plates 51 having a plurality of pores 52 therethrough would be covered with a fiber sheet 51A again in a similar tank 50.
  • a vacuum would then be applied through outlet line 53 in the tank which would then pull the ⁇ Dicalite or Celite material into tank 50 and would coat the fiber 51A in the process.
  • the tank and fiber with the coated organisms would then be prepared for introduction of the fluid medium to be treated.
  • the fluid medium would be pumped in through valve 54 and out through valve 56 at a speed just below that at which the organisms or Dicalite would no longer adhere to the fiber.
  • a vent valve in the corner (not illustrated) which would be utilized to release any off gases formed in the process.
  • end plate 57 could be opened.
  • lid 55 could have a transparent portion for admitting light into the reactor.
  • auxiliary equipment could be utilized by those skilled in the art, for example, pH meters and oxygen for aerobic reactions.
  • CO2 gas might be necessary.
  • catalytic nickel or other metals can be coated on the high area Dicalite or Celite. Vanadium is used to make sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is used in the petroleum industry. Platinum and palladium are used in automobile catalytic converters, but ceramic monoliths are expensive and pellets have a high pressure drop. By entrapping diatoms in ceramic fibers, they are separated and pressure drop of the fluid passing through is reduced. Metal plating methods are well known.
  • FIGURES 7-8 simply illustrate the flow of the Diacalite material as it is vacuumed through the apparatus, with the Dicalite material flowing through and around the double wall partitions having the filter material thereon, and achieving a complete absorption of the Dicalite on the fibrous materials in preparation for the introduction of the medium to be treated.
  • FIGURES 9-12 illustrate again an alternate embodiment of the tank apparatus of the present invention as illustrated by tank 90.
  • tank 90 would also have an inlet line 92 for the introduction of the Dicalite or Celite material. In some cases diatoms would become entrapped in the fibers by slurrying.
  • a rotatable central shaft member 96 which would be rectangular in shape, with a plurality of plate members 98 with a thickness of fibrous materials 99 therebetween to form a continuous absorption layer contained within tank 90.
  • the tank could be sterilized and in preparation for introduction of the solution to be treated.
  • a vent valve 100 for venting of any off gases depending on the type of reactions taking place within the chamber of tank 90.
  • Diatoms could also be vacuumed into the fibers in filter of FIGURES 10 and 11 and then the fiber would be stapled to a screen and inserted into tank 90.
  • the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporim can decolorize pulp mill effluent and degrade chlorine compounds.
  • Lactoba ⁇ illus can produce lactic acid from glucose.
  • Circles of cotton-polyester toweling from Sears Roebuck were cut 1 3/4 inches in diameter and put in a small Buchner funnel.
  • a teaspoon of Dicalite 4200 from Grefco was slurred in about 200 ml of distilled water and a small amount poured on the towel with vacuum from below which entrapped the Dicalite into the fibers.
  • a hole was punched in the middle of the towel circle and was put on a 1/4 inch threaded rod, ' alternating with a circle of stiff polyester, Ree ay 2033 from DuPont. Three inches of these circles were put on and the rotor was inserted into a tube with an inlet and outlet and the tube was slanted into a water bath held at 33°C.
  • the tube was sterilized, inoculated with a culture with the following composition - lactose hydrate 50 g/1, peptone 5 g/1, yeast extract 3 g/1 and malt extract 3 g/1.
  • the yeast Kluyveromyces fraqilis was grown by methods well known to those skilled in the art. For about thirty hours the fibers were rotated at 36 rpm to grow the yeast and attach to the fibers. During this 30 hours medium was fed in one end and out the other end at the rate of 100 ml per hour. Then the agitator was turned off and the fermenter was flushed with four times its volume of fresh medium, so as to end up with essentially unreacted sugar in the fermenter. The agitator was turned on and in only 5 minutes vigorous evolution of CO2 was observed.
  • Example 1 was repeated except no Dicalite was put on the fibers. It took longer for CO2 gas to evolve and it was not as vigorous as in Example 1.
  • Example 1 was repeated except instead of the yeast K. fraqilis, the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis was used and the sugar was sucrose.
  • Medium was KH2PO4, (NH4)2S ⁇ 4, gS ⁇ 4, and yeast extract similar to that in U.S. Patent 4,407,954, Col. 3, line 65. Vigorous evolution of CO2 occurred in 2 minutes.
  • Example 3 was repeated except no Dicalite was put on the fiber. Evolution of CO2 took more than 2 minutes and was not as vigorous as in Example 3.
  • a one day old nutrient broth culture of Pseudo onas fluorescens obtained from the American Type Culture Collection was diluted with an equal volume of nutrient broth culture.
  • Dicalite 4200 from the Grefco Co. was entrapped in Orion and Dacron fibers and they were sterilized and suspended in the culture and incubated at 30°C for 2 days. By visual inspection, it could be seen that there were many organisms immobilized.
  • Pseudomonads remove metals from wastewater and decompose chlorine compounds. With more organisms immobilized these reactions should be faster.
  • Phanerochaete chrvsosporium degrades chlorine compounds and lignin and decolorizes pulp mill effluent. It grows well on polyester. Lactobacillus also grows on polyester and can be used to make yogurt or lactic acid.
  • Xanthamonas campestris can be grown on diatoms, also Penicillium chrysocrenum and Streptomyces cattleya (Biotech v. Bioeng, 25, 967-983 and 2399-2411) .

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé de promotion de réactions chimiques comprend la formation d'une base fibreuse (36), l'introduction d'un matériau inorganique à grande surface sur la base fibreuse (36), l'absorption du matériau organique à grande surface par la base fibreuse (36) de façon à former une base fibreuse traitée (36), l'introduction d'une boue de microbes, d'enzymes ou de métaux catalytiques dans la base fibreuse traitée (36) et l'adhésion ou le piégeage des microbes, des enzymes ou des métaux catalytiques sur la base fibreuse traitée (36). On met une solution chimique en contact avec les microbes, les enzymes ou les métaux catalytiques collés à la base fibreuse traitée (36) afin de produire une meilleure réaction entre la solution chimique et les microbes, les enzymes ou les métaux catalytiques. L'invention concerne également un appareil (10) utilisé pour appliquer le procédé.
EP19860904634 1985-07-10 1986-07-10 Procede et appareil de promotion de reactions biologiques et chimiques dans une base en silice inorganique a grande surface sur des fibres Pending EP0228460A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75372785A 1985-07-10 1985-07-10
US753727 1985-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0228460A1 true EP0228460A1 (fr) 1987-07-15

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EP19860904634 Pending EP0228460A1 (fr) 1985-07-10 1986-07-10 Procede et appareil de promotion de reactions biologiques et chimiques dans une base en silice inorganique a grande surface sur des fibres

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0228460A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6190486A (fr)
CA (1) CA1293215C (fr)
WO (1) WO1987000199A1 (fr)

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CA2064676A1 (fr) * 1991-04-02 1992-10-03 Manfred Schneider Biocatalyseur immobilise, sa preparation et on utilisation pour realiser une synthese d'ester dans un reacteur a colonne
US5993935A (en) * 1991-10-11 1999-11-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Covalently reactive particles incorporated in a continous porous matrix
US5256570A (en) * 1992-10-20 1993-10-26 Clyde Robert A Bioreactor configured for various permeable cell supports and culture media
WO1997011154A1 (fr) * 1995-09-23 1997-03-27 Michael Melkonian Photo-bioreacteur solaire rotatif pour la production de biomasse d'algues a partir notamment de gaz contenant du dioxyde de carbone
CN103642680A (zh) * 2013-12-06 2014-03-19 浙江工业大学 发酵生产丁酸的内置碟式纤维床反应器
MX2023007984A (es) * 2021-01-06 2023-07-18 Arthur Deane Aparato y metodo para el cultivo de algas.

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CA1293215C (fr) 1991-12-17
WO1987000199A1 (fr) 1987-01-15
AU6190486A (en) 1987-01-30

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