EP0228265B1 - Amplificateur de puissance aux micro-ondes - Google Patents

Amplificateur de puissance aux micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0228265B1
EP0228265B1 EP19860309975 EP86309975A EP0228265B1 EP 0228265 B1 EP0228265 B1 EP 0228265B1 EP 19860309975 EP19860309975 EP 19860309975 EP 86309975 A EP86309975 A EP 86309975A EP 0228265 B1 EP0228265 B1 EP 0228265B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave power
power amplifier
strip line
set forth
coaxial line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19860309975
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0228265A3 (en
EP0228265A2 (fr
Inventor
Nagahisa Furutani
Osamu Baba
Sinichi Murai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu Ltd
Publication of EP0228265A2 publication Critical patent/EP0228265A2/fr
Publication of EP0228265A3 publication Critical patent/EP0228265A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0228265B1 publication Critical patent/EP0228265B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/183—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers at least one of the guides being a coaxial line

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a microwave power amplifier having a microwave power amplifying circuit and a power monitoring circuit for detecting the degree of power amplification of the microwave power amplifying circuit.
  • a microwave power amplifier The function of a microwave power amplifier is to amplify and send out an input microwave signal, and this amplifier is used in, for example, (a repeater in) a microwave multiple radio frequency transmitter (as a highpower RF amplifier).
  • the state of the operation of the microwave power amplifier must be constantly monitored to detect whether or not a desired power amplification is being provided.
  • a DC monitor output By using a DC monitor output, operation of an automatic gain controller (AGC) or automatic level controller (ALC) can be realized.
  • AGC automatic gain controller
  • ALC automatic level controller
  • a microwave power amplifier in addition to a microwave power circuit for carrying out a microwave power amplification, a power monitoring circuit is assembled for monitoring the degree of power amplification effected.
  • the microwave power amplifier and the power monitoring circuit are assembled within a single housing, without a shielding plate therebetween, as later described in detail with reference to Fig. 8.
  • the power monitoring circuit in this example is formed by strip lines forming a directional coupler. This example, however, has a disadvantage in that the frequency characteristic is deteriorated due to resonance in the single housing or RF radiation coming out of a microwave power amplifying circuit.
  • the microwave power amplifying circuit and the power monitoring circuit are assembled within two separate housings, as later described in detail with reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11, and a shielding plate is provided between the two housings.
  • the output of the power amplifying circuit is connected through a coaxial line in the shielding plate to the input of the monitoring circuit.
  • the monitoring circuit in this example is also constructed by strip lines forming a directional coupler. This example has an advantage in that the frequency characteristic is improved because of the separate housings.
  • a coaxial line is connected between the output strip line of the microwave power amplifying circuit and the input line of the power monitoring circuit, a considerably large power loss occurs at the connecting points between the coaxial line and the strip line.
  • US-A-4 122 400 discloses an amplifier protection circuit having features corresponding to those of the preamble of accompanying claim 1.
  • a dual directional coupler employing strip conductors is disclosed, corresponding to the directional coupler of Fig. 8 described below.
  • FR-A-1 191 414 and DE-A-2 320 458 disclose directional couplers using a coaxial line, in which an outer conductor of the coaxial line has an aperture adjacent a strip line.
  • US-A-3 169 219 and GB-A-849 443 disclose further types of coaxial line couplers, and a paper in the Conference Proceedings of the 12th European Microwave Conference, Helsinki, Finland, 1982, by S. R. Bird entitled “A 180-Kw L-Band Distributed Solid-State Transmitter” discloses the general features of a radar transmitter having an output power monitor.
  • a microwave power amplifier comprising a microwave power amplifying circuit and a power monitoring circuit connected to an output of said microwave power amplifying circuit, wherein said power monitoring circuit comprises a strip line for detecting said output; characterised in that:- said microwave power amplifying circuit and said power monitoring circuit are connected by a coaxial line for introducing an output signal from said microwave power amplifying circuit into an internal portion of said power monitoring circuit while maintaining the state of the output signal contained within the internal conductor of said coaxial line; said coaxial line having an inner conductor, a dielectric supporting member covering said inner conductor, and an outer conductor covering a part of said dielectric supporting member, said outer conductor having an opening allowing radiation of electromagnetic waves from said inner conductor to outside said coaxial line; and in that said strip line is arranged in or adjacent to said opening, for electromagnetic coupling with said coaxial line through said opening to detect the output of said microwave power amplifying circuit.
  • An embodiment of the present invention may provide a microwave power amplifier in which a power loss due to the insertion of a power monitoring circuit is small, and power detection of microwaves with a good frequency characteristic is possible.
  • FIG. 8 is an example of a proposed microwave power amplifier.
  • 1 is a microwave power amplifying circuit; and 2 is a power monitoring circuit.
  • 3 is a radio frequency (RF) input port for receiving a microwave; 4 is a branch line type 3dB hybrid circuit for branching the RF input into two outputs; and 5 is a 50 ⁇ terminal resistor for the hybrid circuit 4.
  • 18 is a directional coupler for taking out the part of the output power of the microwave power amplifying circuit 1, and consists of a strip line 19 for transmitting the output of the microwave power amplifying circuit 1, and a strip line 20 arranged so as to be electromagnetically coupled with the strip line 19.
  • Reference 21 is a 50 ⁇ terminal resistor for the strip line 20; 22 is a detector diode for detecting a direct current component of the microwave power; 23 is an RFC; 24 is an RF output; and 25 is a DC voltage monitor output.
  • Reference 100 is a housing in which the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 and the power monitoring circuit 2 are mounted together.
  • the microwave power circuit 1 and the power monitoring circuit 2 are arranged in the same housing 100, the power monitoring circuit 2 is easily influenced by the resonance of the housing 100 or the radiation power coming out of the power amplifying circuit 1. Therefore, a problem arises in that the frequency characteristic is deteriorated, and thus a correct detection of the output power is very difficult.
  • FIG. 9 another microwave power amplifier as shown in Fig. 9 has been proposed, in which the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 and the power monitoring circuit 2 are mounted respectively in two separate housings.
  • 101 and 102 are the two housings for respectively mounting the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 and the power monitoring circuit 2; and 26 is a coaxial line for connecting the output strip line 90 of the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 and the strip line 19 in the power monitoring circuit 2.
  • the line 90, the line between the coaxial line 26, and the strip line 19 in Fig. 9, and other lines are not shown in full, but it should be noted that the line 90 and the other lines are also strip lines having widths similar to the strip line 19.
  • 91 is a shielding plate provided between the casing 1 and the casing 2.
  • the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 and the power monitoring circuit 2 are mounted in separate housings, unlike in the first example, the power monitoring circuit 2 shown in Fig. 8, is not influenced by the microwave power amplifying circuit 1. Therefore, the power monitoring circuit 2 in the second example shown in Fig. 9 can provide a good flatness frequency characteristic.
  • Figure 10 shows a cross section of the connecting points between the strip line 90 and the coaxial line 26 and between the coaxial line 26 and the strip line 19.
  • 101a is a metal block of the housing 101
  • 102a is a metal block of the housing 102
  • 91 is a shielding plate
  • 103 is a dielectric substrate of alumina
  • 261 is a dielectric supporting member of, for example, Teflon produced by Du Pont Corporation
  • 262 is an inner conductor of the coaxial line 26.
  • the shielding plate 91 functions as an outer conductor of the coaxial line 26.
  • the inner conductor 262 and the strip line 90 are connected by solder 263, and the inner conductor 262 and the strip line 19 are connected by solder 264. A considerably large RF power is consumed at the connecting points by the solders 263 and 264.
  • Figure 11 shows a cross section of the connecting point between the strip line 19 and the RF output terminal 24.
  • an inner conductor 241 of the coaxial line, constituting the RF output terminal 24, is connected to the strip line 19 via solder 242.
  • This solder 242 also consumes a considerable large power.
  • FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a circuit structure of a microwave power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the differences between Fig. 1 and the amplifier shown in Fig. 9 are that, in Fig. 1, in place of the strip line 19 and the coaxial line 26 in Fig. 9, a long coaxial line 27 is provided in a power monitoring circuit 2a.
  • the coaxial line 27 transmits the amplified microwave signal from the microwave power amplifying circuit 1 to the RF output terminal 24.
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial line 27 covers only part of the dielectric supporting member surrounding the inner conductor. Therefore, the outer conductor has an opening for partially radiating electromagnetic waves from the inner conductor to the outside of the coaxial line 27.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the construction of the power monitoring circuit 2a shown in Fig. 1
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A' of Fig. 2.
  • 30 is the inner conductor of the coaxial line 27
  • 31 is a supporting member for insulation formed by fluorine-containing polymers such as Teflon produced by the Du Pont Corporation
  • 32 is a block of aluminum forming the housing 102.
  • the block 32 has a recess portion 320.
  • a dielectric substrate 33 made of Teflon glass fiber or alumina is formed.
  • the strip line 20, the terminal resistor 21, the detector diode 22, and the RFC 23 are formed on the dielectric substrate 33.
  • Reference 34 is a ground terminal.
  • the recess portion 320 extends to include an opening 35 so that a part of the supporting member 31 is exposed to the outside in the recess portion 320. Accordingly, the inner conductor 30 can be electromagnetically coupled with the strip line 20, and as a result, a directional coupler 18a is formed.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the microwave power amplifier shown in Figs. 1 through 3. As shown in Fig. 4, the coaxial line 27 penetrates the block 32 of the housing 102. A part of the supporting member of the coaxial line 27 is exposed in the space of the recess portion 320 at the opening 35.
  • a microwave monitor power is obtained on the strip line 20 by the electromagnetic coupling through the opening 35.
  • the detector diode 22 detects a direct current (DC) component of the monitor power.
  • the DC component is thus obtained at a DC voltage monitoring output terminal 25.
  • Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • more of the block 32a is cut away, in comparison with the embodiment shown in Fig. 3. That is, about a quarter of the surface of the supporting member 31 is exposed to the space in the recess portion 35a.
  • Such a large opening has no serious influence on the characteristic impedance of the coaxial line 27.
  • the reason for this small influence on the characteristic impedance is considered to be because almost all of the electric lines of force in the coaxial line 27 are concentrated between the inner conductor 30 and the metal block 32. That is, only a small amount of the electric lines of force is formed between the inner conductor 30 and the strip line 20, but the strip line 20 can always obtain sufficient monitoring power.
  • Figure 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the supporting member 31a has, along at least part of its length, a cross section of a sliced circle.
  • the sliced surface flat face
  • the strip line 20 opposes the strip line 20.
  • an assembly consisting of a conductor substrate 32b, a dielectric substrate 33a formed on the conductor substrate 32b, and the strip line 20 is previously prepared.
  • a hole for inserting the supporting member 31a is made by milling, and then the supporting member 31a with the inner conductor 31 penetrating therethrough is inserted into the hole. Subsequently, the above mentioned assembly is mounted so as to abut against the surface of the recess portion 320 and the sliced surface of the supporting member 31a of the coaxial line.
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit construction of a microwave power amplifier according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the monitoring microwave power obtained on the strip line 20 is directly sent out at an RF monitoring output terminal 25a. Therefore, in this embodiment, the detecting diode 22 or the RFC 23 shown in Fig. 1 are not necessary.
  • the power monitoring circuit and the microwave power amplifying circuit are separated by a shielding plate, the power monitoring circuit is not influenced by the microwave power amplifying circuit.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes comprenant un circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes (1) et un circuit de surveillance de puissance (2 ; 2a) connecté à une sortie dudit circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes (1), dans lequel ledit circuit de surveillance de puisance (2 ; 2a) comprend une ligne de bande multiconducteurs (20) pour détecter ladite sortie ;
       caractérisé en ce que :
       ledit circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes (1) et ledit circuit de surveillance de puissance (2a) sont connectés par une ligne coaxiale (27) pour introduire un signal de sortie en provenance dudit circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes (1) dans une partie interne dudit circuit de surveillance de puissance (2) tout en maintenant l'état du signal de sortie contenu à l'intérieur du conducteur interne de ladite ligne coaxiale (27) ;
       ladite ligne coaxiale (27) comportant un conducteur interne (30), un élément de support diélectrique (31) recouvrant ledit conducteur interne (30) et un conducteur externe (32) recouvrant une partie dudit élément de support diélectrique (31), ledit conducteur externe (32) comportant une ouverture (320) permettant le rayonnement des ondes électromagnétiques depuis ledit conducteur interne (30) jusqu'à l'extérieur de ladite ligne coaxiale (27) ; et en ce que
       ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs (20) est agencée dans ladite ouverture (320) ou de manière à être adjacente à celle-ci en vue d'un couplage électromagnétique avec ladite ligne coaxiale (27) au travers de ladite ouverture (320) afin de détecter la sortie dudit circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes.
  2. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite ouverture présente une taille suffisante pour un couplage électromagnétique avec ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs tout en maintenant sensiblement une valeur d'impédance caractéristique de ladite ligne coaxiale.
  3. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit conducteur externe est constitué par un bloc métallique externe dudit amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes.
  4. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel ladite ouverture est conformée de telle sorte qu'une partie d'une surface dudit élement de support diélectrique soit mise à nu de façon à être adjacente à ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs.
  5. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, dans lequel ledit élément de support diélectrique présente une section en coupe circulaire.
  6. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 5, dans lequel un espace est prévu entre ledit élément de support diélectrique et ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs.
  7. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, dans lequel ledit élément de support diélectrique présente une section en coupe de forme circulaire avec méplat présentant une face de méplat qui fait face à ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs.
  8. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 7, dans lequel un espace est prévu entre ladite surface de méplat et ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs.
  9. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon la revendication 3, ou 7 ou 8 lorsqu'elles dépendent de la revendication 3, comprenant en outre un substrat conducteur agencé dans ladite ouverture et sur une surface dudit bloc métallique externe, et un substrat diélectrique agencé sur ledit substrat conducteur ; ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs étant agencée sur ledit substrat diélectrique ; ledit substrat conducteur, ledit substrat diélectrique et ladite ligne de bande multiconducteurs formant un assemblage, ledit assemblage étant agencé sur la surface dudit bloc métallique externe après que ladite ligne coaxiale est en place.
  10. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit circuit d'amplification de puissance micro-ondes et ledit circuit de surveillance de puissance sont formés dans un unique boîtier.
  11. Amplificateur de puissance micro-ondes selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit circuit d'amplification de puisance micro-ondes est formé dans un premier boîtier et ledit circuit de surveillance de puissance est formé dans un second boîtier et une plaque de blindage est prévue entre ledit premier boîtier et ledit second boîtier.
EP19860309975 1985-12-20 1986-12-19 Amplificateur de puissance aux micro-ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0228265B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP287048/85 1985-12-20
JP28704885A JPS62145908A (ja) 1985-12-20 1985-12-20 マイクロ波電力増幅器

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0228265A2 EP0228265A2 (fr) 1987-07-08
EP0228265A3 EP0228265A3 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0228265B1 true EP0228265B1 (fr) 1993-04-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860309975 Expired - Lifetime EP0228265B1 (fr) 1985-12-20 1986-12-19 Amplificateur de puissance aux micro-ondes

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0228265B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62145908A (fr)
DE (1) DE3688283T2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102243268A (zh) * 2010-07-29 2011-11-16 东南大学 微电子机械定向耦合式微波功率传感器及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5487184A (en) * 1993-11-09 1996-01-23 Motorola, Inc. Offset transmission line coupler for radio frequency signal amplifiers
AU2003224574A1 (en) 2003-04-25 2004-11-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) An improved directional coupler
CN101009396B (zh) * 2007-01-18 2010-11-10 华为技术有限公司 定向耦合器及具有该定向耦合器的装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB849443A (en) * 1956-08-04 1960-09-28 Sir W G Armstong Whitworth Air Improvements in and relating to radio frequency coupling units
FR1191414A (fr) * 1958-02-10 1959-10-20 Csf Coupleur directif entre ligne coaxiale et ligne triplaque
US3169219A (en) * 1961-06-29 1965-02-09 Richard K Royce Open wire directional electromagnetic coupler
DE2320458C2 (de) * 1973-04-21 1985-02-07 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Richtungskoppler
US4122400A (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-10-24 Rca Corporation Amplifier protection circuit
JPS5568701A (en) * 1978-11-20 1980-05-23 Toshiba Corp Microwave filter
JPS60177502U (ja) * 1984-05-01 1985-11-26 日本電気株式会社 平行線路形マイクロ波方向性結合器

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102243268A (zh) * 2010-07-29 2011-11-16 东南大学 微电子机械定向耦合式微波功率传感器及其制备方法
CN102243268B (zh) * 2010-07-29 2013-10-16 东南大学 微电子机械定向耦合式微波功率传感器及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62145908A (ja) 1987-06-30
JPH0369442B2 (fr) 1991-11-01
EP0228265A3 (en) 1988-09-14
DE3688283T2 (de) 1993-07-29
DE3688283D1 (de) 1993-05-19
EP0228265A2 (fr) 1987-07-08

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